User:Mr. Ibrahem/Distal phalanx fracture

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Mr. Ibrahem/Distal phalanx fracture
Other namesFingertip fracture, tuft fracture, fracture of the distal phalanx
X-rays of a tuft fracture, lateral (left) and AP (right)
SpecialtyPlastic surgery
SymptomsPainful and swollen finger tip, bleeding under the nail[1][2]
ComplicationsNail bed laceration, nail deformity, bone infection[2][1]
CausesCrush injury[3]
Diagnostic methodX-ray[1]
Differential diagnosisMallet finger, Seymour fracture[4]
TreatmentBuddy tapping, splinting, K-wire[3][1][5]
PrognosisMay take 6 months to fully improve[6]
FrequencyCommon[1]

Distal phalanx fractures, which include tuft fractures, are breaks of the bone at the tip of the finger.[7] Symptoms include a painful and swollen finger tip.[2] It maybe associated with a bleeding under the nail or nail bed laceration.[1] Complications may include nail deformity, or bone infection.[2][1]

The cause is generally a crush injury.[3] It is a type of finger fracture.[8] Diagnosis is by X-ray.[1] Types include transverse, longitudinal, and comminuted.[4] Mallet fingers and Seymour fractures require specific measures.[4]

Cases in which the skin is intact can generally be treated with buddy tapping or splinting for a few weeks.[3][1] Bleeding under the nail may be treated with making a hole in the nail.[1][5] If the bones are displaced, reduction may be required.[2] If more than 30% of the joint is involved, the fracture is unstable, or the fracture is open further measures may be required.[2] In open fractures, preventative antibiotics are generally not required.[2][1]

Distal phalanx fracture are common, being the most common hand fracture.[1][2] Males are more commonly affected than females.[9] Numbness and sensitivity, including to cold, commonly persists for months.[6]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Fingertip Fractures - Injuries; Poisoning". Merck Manuals Professional Edition. Archived from the original on 23 March 2023. Retrieved 24 February 2024.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h Wang, QC; Johnson, BA (15 May 2001). "Fingertip injuries". American family physician. 63 (10): 1961–6. PMID 11388710.
  3. ^ a b c d "Hand and finger fractures". www.clinicalguidelines.scot.nhs.uk. NHSGGC Paediatrics for Health Professionals. Archived from the original on 26 September 2023. Retrieved 23 February 2024.
  4. ^ a b c "Distal Phalanx Fracture". fpnotebook.com. Archived from the original on 5 February 2023. Retrieved 24 February 2024.
  5. ^ a b Chen, F; Kalainov, DM (March 2017). "Phalanx fractures and dislocations in athletes". Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine. 10 (1): 10–16. doi:10.1007/s12178-017-9378-7. PMID 28185123.
  6. ^ a b Oetgen, ME; Dodds, SD (June 2008). "Non-operative treatment of common finger injuries". Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine. 1 (2): 97–102. doi:10.1007/s12178-007-9014-z. PMID 19468880.
  7. ^ "Tuft fractures". Cambridge University Hospitals. Archived from the original on 6 June 2023. Retrieved 24 February 2024.
  8. ^ McDaniel, Dalton J.; Rehman, Uzma H. (November 2, 2021). "Phalanx Fractures of the Hand". StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. PMID 32491557. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved October 28, 2023 – via PubMed.
  9. ^ "UpToDate". www.uptodate.com. Archived from the original on 25 February 2024. Retrieved 24 February 2024.
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