User:Mr. Ibrahem/Lamotrigine

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Mr. Ibrahem/Lamotrigine
Clinical data
Pronunciation/ləˈmoʊtrɪˌdʒiːn/
Trade namesLamictal, others[1]
Other namesBW-430C; BW430C; 3,5-Diamino-6-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-1,2,4-triazine
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa695007
License data
Pregnancy
category
Routes of
administration		By mouth
Drug classAnticonvulsant[3]
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability98%
Protein binding55%
MetabolismLiver (mostly UGT1A4-mediated)
Elimination half-life29 hours
ExcretionUrine (65%), feces (2%)
Identifiers
  • 6-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-1,2,4-triazine-3,5-diamine
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC9H7Cl2N5
Molar mass256.091 g/mol
3D model (JSmol)
  • NC1=NC(N)=NN=C1C2=CC=CC(Cl)=C2Cl
  • InChI=1S/C9H7Cl2N5/c10-5-3-1-2-4(6(5)11)7-8(12)14-9(13)16-15-7/h1-3H,(H4,12,13,14,16) checkY
  • Key:PYZRQGJRPPTADH-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
 ☒NcheckY (what is this?)  (verify)

Lamotrigine, sold as the brand name Lamictal among others, is an anticonvulsant medication used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disorder.[3] For epilepsy, this includes focal seizures, tonic-clonic seizures, and seizures in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome.[3] In bipolar disorder, it is used to treat acute episodes of depression and rapid cycling in bipolar type II and to prevent recurrence in bipolar type I.[3]

Common side effects include sleepiness, headache, vomiting, trouble with coordination, and rash.[3] Serious side effects include lack of red blood cells, increased risk of suicide, Stevens–Johnson syndrome, and allergic reactions.[3] Concerns exist that use during pregnancy or breastfeeding may result in harm.[2] Lamotrigine is a phenyltriazine, making it chemically different from other anticonvulsants.[3] How it works is not exactly clear.[3] It appears to decrease voltage-sensitive sodium channels of neurons.[3][4]

Lamotrigine was first marketed in the United Kingdom in 1991, and approved for use in the United States in 1994.[3][5] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[6] The wholesale cost in the developing world is about US$3.50 to US$23 per month as of 2015.[7] In the United States, this amount has a wholesale cost of about US$4.60 as of 2019.[8] In 2017, it was the 63rd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than twelve million prescriptions.[9][10]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Lamotrigine". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 10 December 2017. Retrieved 9 December 2017.
  2. ^ a b c "Lamotrigine Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 8 October 2019. Archived from the original on 25 January 2021. Retrieved 24 March 2020.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Lamotrigine". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 10 December 2017. Retrieved 8 December 2017.
  4. ^ "Lamotrigine". PubChem Open Chemistry Database. US: National Institutes of Health. Archived from the original on September 6, 2016. Retrieved December 13, 2016.
  5. ^ Shorvon SD, Perucca E, Engel J (2015). The Treatment of Epilepsy (4th ed.). John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated. p. 1321. ISBN 9781118936993. Archived from the original on 2017-12-10. Retrieved 2017-12-09.
  6. ^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
  7. ^ "Single Drug Information". International Medical Products Price Guide. Archived from the original on 10 December 2017. Retrieved 9 December 2017.
  8. ^ "NADAC as of 2019-11-27". Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Archived from the original on 2020-07-11. Retrieved 26 November 2019.
  9. ^ "The Top 300 of 2020". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 12 February 2021. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  10. ^ "Lamotrigine - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. 23 December 2019. Archived from the original on 28 February 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
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