User:VeenGrond/sandbox

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Drs. Willem van der Veen (Veenwoudsterwal, 8 Oktober 1948, Hurdegaryp, 2 Januari 2002 was een Friese predikant en schrijver.

Levensloop[edit]

Na zijn militaire dienst begon Willem van der Veen in 1974 zijn carriere als politieman in Leeuwarden. Hij studeerde naast zijn werk theologie aan de Theologische Universiteit Kampen en was tot zijn overlijden predikant. Hij is verbonden geweest aan de gereformeerde kerken van Arum (Friesland), Harlingen, Sint Jacobiparochie en als laatste Ulrum in Groningen. Vanwege een ziekte werd hij gedwongen om in 2000 vroegtijdig met emiritaat te gaan. Willem van der Veen is in 2002 op 53 jarige leeftijd overleden.

Johannes Hendrikus Zelle[edit]

Op Hemelvaartsdag 1983 wordt Willem van der Veen, destijds werkzaam als politieagent in Leeuwarden, naar de Gysbert Japicxsstraat 82 gestuurd na een melding van omwonenden. Daar wordt Johannes Hendrikus Zelle gevonden, overleden, zittend achter zijn bureau. Zo raakte van der Veen in de ban van de beroemde dominee. Hij begon een uitgebreid onderzoek naar zijn leven en schreef hierover in 2000 een boek.

Publicatie[edit]

Johannes Hendrikus Zelle Volksverhalen over een legendarische predikant. (1e druk 2000, Drukkerij-Uitgeverij Elka, Arum, 12e druk Friese Pers Boekerij 2013)


Johannes Hendrikus Zelle[edit]

Johannes Hendrikus Zelle (Leeuwarden, 8 april 1907 - aldaar, 11 mei 1983) was een markante en eigenzinnige Nederlandse predikant behorende tot de Gereformeerde Kerken in Nederland. Hij is geboren als zoon van Jacob Zelle en Antje Zelle-Brouwer. Hij is na een studie Theologie aan de Vrije Universiteit (kandidaatsexamen 1944) betrekkelijk korte tijd werkzaam geweest als predikant in Friesland, maar zonder standplaats. Op 16 juni 1949 wordt hij in Rockanje beroepen, op 21 oktober 1949 wordt Zelle toegelaten tot het ambt, op 6 november daaropvolgend wordt de bevestigingsdienst gehouden in de Gereformeerde Kerk. Na een roerige periode, waarin Zelle op 'zijn eigen wijze' als predikant werkzaam is, vraagt hij vervroegd emeritaat aan, per 1 april 1956 wordt dat ingewilligd. Zelle staat dan in Rockanje en daarbuiten bekend als een excentrieke verschijning, met zijn relatief lange, zwarte haar, sportieve inborst, ongezouten meningen en felle stijl van preken. Als 'herder en leraar' van de gemeente functioneert hij niet zoals de inwoners van Rockanje zich van een dominee hadden voorgesteld: hij bekommert zich niet nadrukkelijk om het wel en wee van zijn kudde, de pastorie is niet het warme middelpunt van de geloofsgemeenschap (Zelle heeft geen verwarming en een geïnstalleerde kachel weigert hij te branden) en na wat onenigheid met het kerkbestuur waarbij Zelle ook beschuldigd wordt van eigengereid optreden in financieel opzicht (hij zou de pastorie hebben verhuurd ten bate van zijn eigen portemonnee) moet Zelle vertrekken. Zelle is (en blijft) ongehuwd, iets dat ook opzien baart, niet in de laatste plaats omdat hij gezien wordt als een aantrekkelijke man die met enige regelmaat warme belangstelling krijgt van het vrouwelijk deel van zijn parochie. Hij gaat terug naar Leeuwarden en trekt in bij zijn moeder aan de Gysbert Japicxstraat 82 en gaat iedere dag naar het zwembad in Huizum. Zelle wordt een 'preektijger', die met zeer grote regelmaat uitgenodigd wordt door tal van kerkbesturen in het hele land, met name in het noorden. Hij komt, vaak op de racefiets, na een schriftelijke afspraak (een telefoon had hij nimmer) preken, krijgt de kerk vol met klip-en-klare, conservatieve en ouderwets-ingedeelde preken, inclusief tussengezang, waarbij hij het onorthodoxe in de uitvoering niet schuwt. Zelle buldert, zingt, springt en boeit niet alleen daardoor de mensen: de kerken zitten doorgaans vol als Zelle komt preken. Zijn bezoeken aan dorpen waar hij komt prediken zijn vermaard: men weet, Zelle moet ontvangen worden met een stevige tot zeer stevige maaltijd, die hij tot de laatste kruimel of schep pudding verorbert. Hij blijft een eigenzinnige man, die uiterst sober in het moederlijk huis blijft wonen, ook na de dood van zijn moeder, die onder Zelles aanvankelijke protest onder politiebegeleiding uit het huis moet worden gehaald. Zelle overlijdt op 76-jarige leeftijd. Hij wordt gevonden, zittend achter zijn bureau. De politie-agent die hem vindt, Drs. Willem van der veen, heeft later, als predikant, een bundel met volksverhalen over hem uitgegeven. Dominee Zelle was familie van de beroemde Margaretha Geertruida Zelle, bekend als Mata Hari.


Theater

In 2007 voert de Friese theatergroep Tryater het toneelstuk Zelle op in zijn eigen zaal aan de Oostersingel in Leeuwarden, daarna zijn er diverse uitvoeringen geweest in de rest van het land. Freark Smink vertolkt de rol van Johannes Hendrikus Zelle









Porsche 356/2
Porsche 356/2
Overview
ManufacturerPorsche
Also calledPorsche Gmund
Production
  • 1948–1951: ~61 produced
  • Coupe: 42
  • Cabriolet: 8
  • Renn-Coupe: 11
Assembly
DesignerFerry Porsche, Erwin Komenda
Body and chassis
ClassSports car
Body style2-door Coupe and Cabriolet
LayoutRear-engine, rear-wheel drive layout
RelatedPorsche 356/1, 356 Pre-A,
Powertrain
Engine
  • 1131 cc Type 366
  • 1086 cc Type 369
  • 1488 cc Type 502
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,100 mm (82.7 in)
Length3,880 mm (152.8 in)
Width1,666 mm (65.6 in)
Height1,300 mm (51.2 in)
Chronology
PredecessorPorsche 356/1
SuccessorPorsche 356 Pre-A

Porsche 356/2[edit]

356/2-020 Porsche Automuseum Helmut Pfeifhofer Gmund

The Porsche 356/2, produced in Gmünd, Austria, was the first iteration of the iconic Porsche 356 sports car. Produced between 1948 and 1950, the Porsche 356/2 was the first series production aluminum bodied sports car of Porsche after the creation of the 356-001 one-off prototype in Gmund Austria. Itwas built in limited numbers, making it a highly sought-after collector's item today. This car is considered to be one of the most important and iconic sports cars of the 20th century, and is a symbol of Porsche's early days.

The Porsche 356/2 was designed by Ferry Porsche and Erwin Komenda, and was based on the Volkswagen Beetle. The car was built using lightweight aluminum body panels and a welded steel box chassis with integrated floorplan, which helped to keep its weight low and provide nimble handling. The flat-four engine, which was also based on the Volkswagen Beetle, provided lively performance and was mounted in the rear of the car.

The exterior design of the Porsche 356/2 was simple, yet elegant, and featured a sloping hood, rounded fenders, and a streamlined profile. The car was available in both a coupé and cabriolet body style, and the interior was designed to be functional, with a simple dashboard and instrument panel. The car was also equipped with large windows, providing excellent visibility and a bright, airy cabin.

One of the defining features of the Porsche 356/2 produced in Gmünd was its hand-built construction. Each car was built by a small team of craftsmen, and each car was given its own unique character and attention to detail. This hand-built construction, combined with the lightweight construction and lively performance, made the Porsche 356/2 an instant classic.

The Porsche 356/2 was a popular choice for racing and rally events, and many early Porsche racing drivers cut their teeth in this car. The car's nimble handling and quick acceleration made it well suited to the demands of competition driving, and the car's success on the track helped to establish Porsche's reputation as a manufacturer of high-performance sports cars.

Today, the Porsche 356/2 produced in Gmünd is highly sought after by collectors and enthusiasts. The car's hand-built construction, lightweight design, and lively performance make it a joy to drive, and its timeless design continues to captivate enthusiasts and collectors around the world.

About 32 aluminum bodied Porsche 356 cars are still in existence, including the 356-001 roadster prototype in the Porsche museum.

First 50 Cars[edit]

Only limited information exists about this post ware period of the company based in Gmund. Herbert Kaes, nephew of Ferdinand Porsche, produced an overview of the first 50 cars in 1951 which is still available in the Porsche company archives and has been published in the several publications [1] [2]. Out of the first 52 chassis, 50 cars are known to have been produced in Austria. Some chassis numbers are missing in this list, most likely they where used for testing and possible never recieved a body or they might have been used for repairing another damaged chassis. Initially the coupe bodies where produced by Porsche employees, but as they could not keep up with chassis production Porsche also started to outsource body production to Tatra, Kastenhofer and Keibl in Vienna. Convertible versions where produced by Beutler and Keibl. In 1950 the porsche company was moved to Stuttgart and production of the steel-bodied 356 pre-A started. Production in Gmund was halted and the some of the remaining chassis and bodies where assembled by Porsche Salzburg.

The list shows all chassis numbers with the engine and body number. The chassis where produced and placed in storage on the side of the production hall, final assembly started with a completed body and a chassis chosen on top of a stack of finished chassis, so the body number gives a better representation of the chronological order of production. The engine numbers give a good indication of the origin of the engine. Initially Volkswagen sourced engines where used with "356" added in front of the number. At a certain point Porsche used its own engines which is visible through the low engine numbers starting with number 10 in chassis 356/2-008. Body numbers of the coupe's are listed as 557/xx for the Gmund built versions and 806/xx which are generally believed to be Tatra built bodies.

Chassis Number Body style Engine Number Body Number Body Builder Final Assembly Date First Customer Remarks
356/2-001 Coupe 356-6-020199 Gmünd Gmünd 08/06/1948 v. Senger, Zurich
356/2-002 Cabriolet 356-6-021343 100 Beutler Beutler 08/06/1949 v. Senger, Zurich Scrapped[3]
356/2-003 Cabriolet 356-6-014106 101 Beutler Beutler 28/10/1949 v. Senger, Zurich Restored[3]
356/2-004 Coupe 356-6-014109 356/K2 Kastenhofer Gmünd 28/12/1948 v. Senger, Zurich Restored
356/2-005 Coupe 356-6-020896 557/3 (W1) Tatra Gmünd 21/02/1949 Helmuth Walter, Marchtrenk, Austria
356/2-006 Coupe 356-6-063663 557/6 Gmünd Gmünd 07/03/1949 Günther Pekarek
356/2-007 Coupe 356-7-037315 557/4 (W2) Tatra Gmünd 16/02/1949 Dipl.Ing Günther Vorführungswagen
356/2-008 Coupe 356-1-000010 356/K2 Kastenhofer Gmünd 27/12/1948 v. Senger, Zurich Restored
356/2-009 Coupe 356-2-040673 557/7 Gmünd Gmünd 07/03/1949 Aschauer, Goisern-Günther Restored
356/2-010 Coupe 356-1-026857 557/5 Gmünd Gmünd 12/01/1949 Porsche Vorführungswagen

Dr. Piech

Rebuilt
356/2-011 Coupe 356-2-000029 557/21 Gmünd Gmünd 17/11/1949 Martin Pichler, Aschach a.d. D.O.Ö, Austria
356/2-012 Coupe 356-1-102845 557/8 Gmünd Gmünd 09/03/1949 Franz Walek,Vienna, Austria
356/2-013 Coupe 356-1-000019 557/10 Gmünd Gmünd 03/1949 Meyer's heirs, Schruns, Austria
356/2-014 Coupe 1-000016 557/9 Gmünd Gmünd 09/03/1949 Robert Mayer, Wien, Austria Restored[4]
356/2-015 Coupe 356-1-000021 557/11 Gmünd Gmünd 29/03/1949 Autohaus Liewers, Vienna Austria
356/2-016 Coupe 356-1-000018 557/12 (W3) Tatra Gmünd 22/04/1949 Fritz Reisch, Kufstein, Austria Restored
356/2-017 Coupe 356-1-000030 557/19 Gmünd Gmünd 28/06/1949 Dr. Ernst Henschel, Vienna Austria Restored[5]
356/2-018 Coupe 356-1-000024 557/17 Gmünd Gmünd 14/06/1949 Dr. Fritz Degerdon, Feldkirch Austira
356/2-019 Coupe 356-2-000028 557/20 Gmünd Gmünd 14/06/1949 Ing. Hruschka, Turin, Italy
356/2-020 Coupe 356-1-000022 557/13 (W5) Tatra Gmünd 06/1949 Dr. F. Schindler-Paulus, Kennelbach, Austria Porsche Automuseum Helmut Pfeifhofer Gmund[6]
356/2-021 Cabriolet 356-1-000023 104 Beutler Beutler 29/04/1949 Switzerland Scrapped[3]
356/2-022 Coupe 356-1-000023 557/18 Gmünd Gmünd 14/06/1949 Dr. F. Müller, Feldkirch Austria Prototype Museum Hamburg
356/2-023 Coupe 356-1-000025 557/14 (W4) Tatra Gmünd 06/05/1949 Dipl.ing Günter, Linz, Austria
356/2-024 Cabriolet 356-1-000015 103 Beutler Beutler 29/10/1949 Dr. ?, Bern, Switzerland Scrapped[3]
356/2-025 Cabriolet 356-1-102835 C/1 Keibl ? 11/02/1949 Dr. René Jaeger, Vienna, Austria Porsche Museum
356/2-026 Cabriolet 356-1-000011 C/2 Kastenhofer ? Mautner Markhoff, Vienna, Austria
356/2-027 Coupe 356-1-000026 557/16 Gmünd Gmünd 15/06/1949 Ing. Franz Friedwagner Murau Austria
356/2-028 Cabriolet 356-1-000014 102 Beutler Beutler 17/06/1949 Scrapped[3]
356/2-029 Coupe 356-1-000020 557/15 (W6) Tatra Gmünd 1949 Josef Müller, Gmünd, Austria
356/2-030 Cabriolet 356-1-000012 105 Beutler Beutler 30/08/1949 Scrapped[3]
356/2-031 Coupe 356-2-000027 557/22 Gmünd Salzburg 12/06/1950 Scania Vabis Exists
356/2-032 Coupe 356-2-000036 806/28 Tatra Salzburg 12/06/1950 Scania Vabis Exists
356/2-033 Coupe 356-2-000032 557/23 (W?) Tatra Salzburg 06/1950 S.Exz. Mohammed Taher Pascha, Cairo, Egypt
356/2-034 Coupe 356-2-000037 806/29 Tatra Salzburg 12/06/1950 Scania Vabis Exists
356/2-035 Coupe 356-2-000031 557/24 (W?) Tatra Salzburg 16/06/1950 S.K.H. Prinz Abdel Moneim, Heliopolis, Egypt
356/2-036 Coupe 356-2-000034 557/25 Gmünd Salzburg 16/06/1950 Autohous Ebner, Vienna, Austria
356/2-037 Coupe 356-2-000035 557/27 Gmünd Salzburg 16/06/1950 Scania Vabis Exists
356/2-038 Coupe 356-2-000038 806/30 Tatra Salzburg 16/06/1950 Scania Vabis Exists
356/2-039 Coupe 356-2-000033 557/26 Gmünd Salzburg 16/06/1950 Scania Vabis
356/2-040 Coupe 356-V-000003 - Gmünd Gmünd 1950 Otto Mathé Original condition, private collection USA[7]
356/2-041 Coupe 356-2-000040 806/31 Tatra Salzburg 12/06/1950 Scania Vabis Exists
356/2-042 Coupe 356-2-000039 806/32 Tatra Salzburg 12/06/1950 Scania Vabis
356/2-043 Coupe 356-2-000041 806/33 Tatra Salzburg 18/07/1950 Scania Vabis
356/2-044 Coupe 356-2-000042 806/34 Tatra Salzburg 11/05/1950 Scania Vabis Exists
356/2-045 Coupe 356-2-000043 806/35 Tatra Salzburg 18/07/1950 Scania Vabis Exists
356/2-047 Coupe 356-2-000045 806/36 Tatra Salzburg 18/07/1950 Scania Vabis Exists
356/2-048 Coupe 356-2-000044 806/37 Tatra Salzburg 16/11/1950 Scania Vabis
356/2-049 Coupe 356-2-000047 806/39 Tatra Salzburg 15/02/1951 Scania Vabis Exists
356/2-050 Coupe 356-2-000046 806/38 Tatra Salzburg 20/03/1951 Scania Vabis Exists
356/2-052 Coupe 356-2-000048 806/41 Tatra Salzburg 09/02/1951 Otto Mathé Exists

The race cars[edit]

Porsche 356SL 356/2-059, Restored state at the Porsche Museum Stuttgart in 2022
Porsche 356SL 356/2-059, Restored state with #46 LeMans livery at the Porsche Museum Stuttgart in 2009

About 63 chassis have been produced in total out of which about 50 cars have been fully assembled and finished in Austria. The remaining unfinished chassis with Tatra bodies where shipped to Stuttgart and used for the factory and customer racing cars based on the type 514 design, also known as the 356SL. Final assembly was performed at either Reutter, Dannenhauer or the Porsche Stuttgart Werk. The 356SL cars show some inconsistencies because bodies and chassis have been combined whole or in part after crashes and exported car chassis have been renumbered to the 300x/A range. This allowed for the re-use of chassis numbers which prevented the need for new registration and customs paperwork. For instance chassis number 356/2-055 has been re-used at least twice. These cars also have been equiped with various engines because the engines where replaced after a race or before they where sold, so the original first engine numbers are not known. The list below has been assembled based on documents from the Porsche archive which contain detailed chassis and body numbers when Porsche ordered final assembly and modifications at Reutter as wel as from various publications on the many cars still in existence. The 11[8] Stutgart cars have been produced and modified over a period of 2 years. 4 cars where initially built for the 1951 24h of Le Mans, and 2 cars where prepared for private entry into various races making them the first dedicated customer racing cars from Porsche. After several crashes a new car was prepared for 1951 Le Mans. Another 4 where built for the 1952 racing season.

Original Chassis Number Current Chassis Number Body Number Date First Customer Remarks
356/2-051 058 plate & 055 stamped 806/40 1951 Private collection USA
356/2-053 1951 Destroyed during a test at Le Mans in April 1951[9]
356/2-054 3001/A plate 806/42 1951 Max Hoffman Waiting for restauration in Mexico
356/2-055 3003/A plate 806/43 1951 Max Hoffman Private collection USA
356/2-056 063 stamped &

3002/A plate

806/44 1951 Max Hoffman Private collection USA
356/2-057 806/45 1951 Private customer Private collection USA
356/2-058 1952 crashed and destroyed in an accident at the Bol d'Or, in Montlhéry on June 8, 1952
356/2-059 356/2-055 1952 Porsche Museum
356/2-061 3004/A plate 09/01/1952 D'Ieteren, Brussels, Belgium Undergoing restauration in Belgium[10]
356/2-062 1952 Disappeared after the 1953 Carrera Panamericana
356/2-063 806/49 1951 Crashed on the Autobahn while returning to Stuttgart from a test session at Zandvoort in June 1951[9]
  1. ^ Carney, Phil (January 2011). "The Aluminium 356 Cars". Porsche 356 Registry. 34 (5).
  2. ^ Conradt, Dirk-Michael (1993). Porsche 356. Indianapolis, IN: Beeman Jorgensen. ISBN 0-929758-09-9. OCLC 31320493.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Beigner, Uwe (May 1997). "The Beutler-Porsche". Porsche 356 Registry. 21 (1).
  4. ^ Marinello, Marco Marco Marinello,Marco (2013-01-25). "Porsche 356 Gmünd Fahrbericht: Ur-Ahn aller Porsche". auto motor und sport (in German). Retrieved 2023-02-12.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. ^ "The 17th Porsche Gmünd Coupe by Scott Grundfor". Scott Grundfor Company - Classic Collectible Mercedes Benz Cars. 2018-10-15. Retrieved 2023-02-12.
  6. ^ "Ghosts of Gmünd | Issue 263 | Excellence | The Magazine About Porsche". Excellence. Retrieved 2023-02-12.
  7. ^ Ludvigsen, Karl E. (2012). Porsche : origin of the species. Cambridge, MA: Bentley. ISBN 978-0-8376-1331-4. OCLC 740250657.
  8. ^ Mertens, Jacques; Carney, Philip (2009). The Last Eleven. Stasher Publishing. ISBN 9781616236236.
  9. ^ a b Frankenberg, Richard Alexander von, Freiherr (1965). Porsche: the man and his cars, (1st ed.). Motoraces Book Club. ISBN 0-85429-090-7.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  10. ^ "Porsche356sl.com - Acceuil - Choix de langue - Un site par jacques Mertens". www.porsche356sl.com. Retrieved 2023-02-12.



Porsche 356SL
Porsche 356/2
Overview
ManufacturerPorsche
Also calledPorsche Typ 514
Production
  • 1948–1951: ~61 produced
  • Coupe: 42
  • Cabriolet: 8
  • Renn-Coupe: 11
Assembly
DesignerFerry Porsche, Erwin Komenda
Body and chassis
ClassSports car
Body style2-door Coupe and Cabriolet
LayoutRear-engine, rear-wheel drive layout
RelatedPorsche 356/1, 356 Pre-A,
Powertrain
Engine
  • 1131 cc Type 366
  • 1086 cc Type 369
  • 1488 cc Type 502
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,100 mm (82.7 in)
Length3,880 mm (152.8 in)
Width1,666 mm (65.6 in)
Height1,300 mm (51.2 in)
Chronology
PredecessorPorsche 356/1
SuccessorPorsche 356 Pre-A

Porsche 356SL[edit]

356/2-020 Porsche Automuseum Helmut Pfeifhofer Gmund
Porsche 356SL 356/2-059, Restored state at the Porsche Museum Stuttgart in 2022
Porsche 356SL 356/2-059, Restored state with #46 LeMans livery at the Porsche Museum Stuttgart in 2009

About 63 chassis have been produced in total out of which about 50 cars have been fully assembled and finished in Austria. The remaining unfinished chassis with Tatra bodies where shipped to Stuttgart and used for the factory and customer racing cars based on the type 514 design, also known as the 356SL. Final assembly was performed at either Reutter, Dannenhauer or the Porsche Stuttgart Werk. The 356SL cars show some inconsistencies because bodies and chassis have been combined whole or in part after crashes and exported car chassis have been renumbered to the 300x/A range. This allowed for the re-use of chassis numbers which prevented the need for new registration and customs paperwork. For instance chassis number 356/2-055 has been re-used at least twice. These cars also have been equiped with various engines because the engines where replaced after a race or before they where sold, so the original first engine numbers are not known. The list below has been assembled based on documents from the Porsche archive which contain detailed chassis and body numbers when Porsche ordered final assembly and modifications at Reutter as wel as from various publications on the many cars still in existence. The 11[1] Stutgart cars have been produced and modified over a period of 2 years. 4 cars where initially built for the 1951 24h of Le Mans, and 2 cars where prepared for private entry into various races making them the first dedicated customer racing cars from Porsche. After several crashes a new car was prepared for 1951 Le Mans. Another 4 where built for the 1952 racing season.

1951 Season

1952 Season

1953 Season

Original Chassis Number Current Chassis Number Body Number Date First Customer Remarks
356/2-051 058 plate & 055 stamped 806/40 1951 Private collection USA
356/2-053 1951 Destroyed during a test at Le Mans in April 1951[2]
356/2-054 3001/A plate 806/42 1951 Max Hoffman Waiting for restauration in Mexico
356/2-055 3003/A plate 806/43 1951 Max Hoffman Private collection USA
356/2-056 063 stamped &

3002/A plate

806/44 1951 Max Hoffman Private collection USA
356/2-057 806/45 1951 Private customer Private collection USA
356/2-058 1952 crashed and destroyed in an accident at the Bol d'Or, in Montlhéry on June 8, 1952
356/2-059 356/2-055 1952 Porsche Museum
356/2-061 3004/A plate 09/01/1952 D'Ieteren, Brussels, Belgium Undergoing restauration in Belgium[3]
356/2-062 1952 Disappeared after the 1953 Carrera Panamericana
356/2-063 806/49 1951 Crashed on the Autobahn while returning to Stuttgart from a test session at Zandvoort in June 1951[2]
  1. ^ Cite error: The named reference :2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference :1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference :3 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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