z/VM

Main article: VM (operating system)

z/VM

z/VM running CMS fullscreen
Company / developer	IBM
OS family	VM family
Working state	Current
Source model	Closed source
Latest stable release	IBM z/VM V6.2 / December 2, 2011
License	Proprietary
Official website	http://www.vm.ibm.com

History of IBM mainframe operating systems

On early mainframe computers: GM OS & GM-NAA I/O 1955 BESYS 1957 UMES 1958 SOS 1959 IBSYS 1960 CTSS 1961 On S/360 and successors: BOS/360 1965 TOS/360 1965 TSS/360 1967 MTS 1967 ORVYL 1967 MUSIC 1972 MUSIC/SP 1985

DOS/360 and successors 1966 DOS/VS 1972 DOS/VSE 1980s VSE/SP late 1980s VSE/ESA 1991 z/VSE 2005

OS/360 and successors 1966 MFT 1966 MFT II 1968 OS/VS1 1972 OS/VS1 BPE MVT 1967 65MP OS/VS2R1 (SVS) 1972 MVS (OS/VS2R2 and later) 1974 MVS/SE 1978 MVS/SE 2 1979 MVS/SP Version 1 1980 MVS/XA 1983 MVS/ESA 1988 OS/390 1995 z/OS 2000

VM line CP-40/CMS 1967 CP-67/CMS 1967 VP/CSS 1968 VM/370 1972 VM/BSE (BSEPP) VM/SE (SEPP) VM/SP 1980 VM/XA MA 1984 VM/XA SF 1985 VM/XA SP 1988 VM/ESA 1990 z/VM 2000

TPF line ACP 1967 TPF 1979 z/TPF 2005

UNIX and Unix-like UTS 1981 AIX/370 1990 AIX/ESA 1991 Linux 1999 OpenSolaris 2008 z/OS UNIX System Services

z/VM is the current version in IBM's VM family of virtual machine operating systems. z/VM was first released in October 2000 and remains in active use and development as of 2009. It is directly based on technology and concepts dating back to the 1960s, with IBM's CP/CMS on the IBM System/360-67 (see article History of CP/CMS for historical details). z/VM 5.4 runs on IBM's System z, System z9 and System z10 computers. It can be used to support large numbers (thousands) of Linux virtual machines. (See Linux on System z.)

On October 23, 2009, IBM released z/VM Version 6.1 which requires z/Architecture 2 (ARCHLVL 3), implemented in IBM's System z10 models.

See also

• z/OS
• OpenSolaris for System z
• z/TPF
• z/VSE
• PR/SM

References

Primary CP/CMS sources

• R. J. Creasy, "The origin of the VM/370 time-sharing system", IBM Journal of Research & Development, Vol. 25, No. 5 (September 1981), pp. 483–90, PDF
  ― perspective on CP/CMS and VM history by the CP-40 project lead, also a CTSS author
• E.W. Pugh, L.R. Johnson, and John H. Palmer, IBM's 360 and early 370 systems, MIT Press, Cambridge MA and London, ISBN 0-262-16123-0
  ― extensive (819 pp.) treatment of IBM's offerings during this period; the limited coverage of CP/CMS in such a definitive work is telling
• Melinda Varian, VM and the VM community, past present, and future, SHARE 89 Sessions 9059–61, 1997; PDF
  ― an outstanding source for CP/CMS and VM history

Additional CP/CMS sources

• R. J. Adair, R. U. Bayles, L. W. Comeau, and R. J. Creasy, A Virtual Machine System for the 360/40, IBM Corporation, Cambridge Scientific Center Report No. 320‐2007 (May 1966)
  ― a seminal paper describing implementation of the virtual machine concept, with descriptions of the customized CSC S/360-40 and the CP-40 design
• International Business Machines Corporation, CP-67/CMS, Program 360D-05.2.005, IBM Program Information Department (June 1969)
  ― IBM's reference manual
• R. A. Meyer and L. H. Seawright, "A virtual machine time-sharing system," IBM Systems Journal, Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 199–218 (September 1970)
  ― describes the CP-67/CMS system, outlining features and applications
• R. P. Parmelee, T. I. Peterson, C. C. Tillman, and D. J. Hatfield, "Virtual storage and virtual machine concepts," IBM Systems Journal, Vol. 11, No. 2 (June 1972)

Background CP/CMS sources

• F. J. Corbató, et al., The Compatible Time-Sharing System, A Programmer’s Guide, M.I.T. Press, 1963
• F. J. Corbató, M. Merwin-Daggett, and R. C. Daley, "An Experimental Time-sharing System," Proc. Spring Joint Computer Conference (AFIPS) 21, pp. 335–44 (1962) — description of CTSS
• F. J. Corbató and V. A. Vyssotsky, "Introduction and Overview of the MULTICS System", Proc. Fall Joint Computer Conference (AFIPS) 27, pp. 185–96 (1965)
• P. J. Denning, "Virtual Memory", Computing Surveys Vol. 2, pp. 153–89 (1970)
• J. B. Dennis, "Segmentation and the Design of Multi-Programmed Computer Systems," JACM Vol. 12, pp. 589–602 (1965)
  ― virtual memory requirements for Project MAC, destined for GE 645
• C. A. R. Hoare and R. H. Perrott, Eds., Operating Systems Techniques, Academic Press, Inc., New York (1972)
• T. Kilburn, D. B. G. Edwards, M. J. Lanigan, and F. H. Sumner, "One-Level Storage System", IRE Trans. Electron. Computers EC-11, pp. 223–35 (1962)
  ― Manchester/Ferranti Atlas
• R. A. Nelson, "Mapping Devices and the M44 Data Processing System," Research Report RC 1303, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center (1964)
  ― about the IBM M44/44X
• R. P. Parmelee, T. I. Peterson, C. C. Tillman, and D. J. Hatfield, "Virtual Storage and Virtual Machine Concepts", IBM Systems Journal, Vol. 11, pp. 99–130 (1972)

Additional on-line CP/CMS resources

• febcm.club.fr — Information Technology Timeline, 1964–74
• www.multicians.org — Tom Van Vleek's short essay The IBM 360/67 and CP/CMS
• www.cap-lore.com — Norman Hardy's Short history of IBM's virtual machines
• www.cap-lore.com — Norman Hardy's short description of the "Blaauw Box"

External links

• IBM z/VM Homepage
• IBM z/VM Evaluation Edition (free download)

Family tree

CP/CMS family relationships     → derivation    >> strong influence    > some influence/precedence
CTSS
	> IBM M44/44X
	>> CP-40/CMS → CP[-67]/CMS	→ VM/370 → VM/XA versions → VM/ESA → z/VM
		→ VP/CSS
	> TSS/360
	> TSO for OS/MVT → for OS/VS2 → for MVS → ... → for z/OS
	>> MULTICS and most other time-sharing platforms

This simplified framework provides links to major time-sharing systems that influenced or were influenced by CP/CMS. Many other important systems emerged during this period; cf. Manchester/Ferranti Atlas, Burroughs, Control Data Corporation, DEC, and Honeywell for examples. Also see time-sharing system evolution.