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{{Short description|Buddhist temple in Shanghai, China}}
{{About|a temple in Shanghai|the temple in Anshan, Liaoning|Jade Buddha Palace|the similarly named but not affiliated Jade Buddha Temple ({{noitalic|{{lang|zh-hant|玉佛寺}}}}) in Houston|Texas Buddhist Association}}
{{More citations needed|date=December 2015}}
{{Infobox religious building
| name                  = Jade Buddha Temple
| native_name           = 
| image                 = 
(2024) Mahavira Hall, Jade Buddha Temple, Shanghai - img 04.jpg
| image_size            =
| alt                   = 
| caption               = [[Mahavira Hall|Main hall]] of the Jade Buddha Temple
| map_type              = Shanghai
| map_size              = 
| map_alt               = 
| map_caption           = Location in Shanghai
| location              = 
| coordinates           = {{coord|31|14|35.49|N|121|26|25.90|E|display=it}}
| religious_affiliation = [[Buddhism]]
| deity                 = 
| country = China
| functional_status     = 
| website               = 
| founded_by            = 
| year_completed        = 1882
}}
[[File:Shanghai-jade-buddha-temple.jpg|right|thumb|Jade Buddha Temple's main courtyard and Grand Hall]]
[[File:Shanghai (Jade Buddha Temple) 008.jpg|right|thumb|Jade Buddha Temple during 'spring snows']]
The '''Jade Buddha Temple''' ({{zh|s=玉佛禅寺 |t=玉佛禪寺 |p=Yùfó Chán Sì''; <small>[[Shanghainese]]</small>:'' Niohveh Zoe Zy}}, literally ''Jade Buddha Chan Temple'') is a [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] temple in [[Shanghai]]. It was founded in 1882 with two [[jade]] [[Buddharupa|Buddha]] statues imported to Shanghai from [[Myanmar]] by sea. These were a sitting Buddha (1.95 meters tall, 3 [[ton]]s), and a smaller [[reclining Buddha]] representing the Buddha's death. The temple now also contains a much larger reclining Buddha made of marble, donated from [[Singapore]], and visitors may mistake this larger [[Sculpture in the Indian subcontinent|sculpture]] for the original, smaller piece.

{{More citations needed section|date=October 2024}}{{TOC limit|2}} The legend behind the transport of the Buddha statues from Myanmar led to the popular usage of Burmese-style Buddha statues in Chinese temples.

==History==
{{Unreferenced section|date=December 2015}}
During the reign of the [[Guangxu Emperor]] (r. 1875–1908) in the [[Qing dynasty]], Huigen, a Buddhist monk from [[Mount Putuo]], went on a pilgrimage to [[Tibet]] via [[Mount Wutai]] and [[Mount Emei]]. He visited [[Myanmar|Burma]] after leaving [[Tibet]]. Whilst there, Chen Jun-Pu, an [[overseas Chinese]] resident in Burma, donated five jade Buddha statues to Huigen, who transported two of them back to Jiang-wan, Shanghai. Here, Huigen had a temple built with donated funds, and died shortly thereafter. This temple was occupied during the 1911 uprising, and the statues were moved to Maigen Road.

A Buddhist monk by the name of Kechen later had a new temple built on land donated by [[Sheng Xuanhuai]], a senior official in the Qing imperial court. Sheng's father and uncle were pious Buddhists. They built houses with [[Thatching|thatched]] roofs at Yizhou Pond by the [[Zhuanghuabang River]] in the northeast of Shanghai. This can be accounted as the predecessor of the [[Buddhist temple|monastery]]. The construction took ten years, and lasted from 1918 to 1928. Kechen also invited Reverend Dixian from Mount Tiantai to come and lecture on Buddhism in a grand ceremony.

Master [[Taixu]] died in the Jade Buddha Temple on March 12, 1947.

In 1956, a ceremony was held at the temple by the [[Shanghai Buddhist Association]] to celebrate the 2500th anniversary of [[Gautama Buddha|The Buddha]]'s enlightenment.

{{buddhism}}

In 1966, during the [[Cultural Revolution]], the monks made a living by selling [[handicraft]]s.

In 1983, the [[Shanghai Institute of Buddhism]] was established at the temple under the Shanghai Buddhist Association.

In 1985, Monk [[Zhizhi Xuan]] and others made a trip to [[Dunhuang]] via [[Xinjiang]]. Shortly after their return, regular scripture lectures, [[meditation]] and other features of temple life were resumed.

==Temple layout==
===Chamber of Four Heavenly Kings===
The Chamber of [[Four Heavenly Kings]] contains the statues of [[Maitreya]], [[Skanda (Buddhism)|Skanda]] and the Four Heavenly Kings, who represent favorable circumstance. The chamber is located on the southern-edge, or 'front' of the temple.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Jade Buddha Temple Shanghai - Sitting & Reclining Jade Buddha|url=https://www.chinadiscovery.com/shanghai/jade-buddha-temple.html|access-date=2021-04-23|website=www.chinadiscovery.com}}</ref>

===Grand Hall===
The [[Mahavira Hall|Grand Hall]], also called the Great Hall, this hall contains many statues.
*'''Three Golden Buddhas'''. The central sculpture is of [[Gautama Buddha|the Buddha]], the left [[Amitabha]] and the right [[Bhaisajyaguru]].
*'''Twenty Devas'''. Statues of the [[Twenty-Four Protective Deities|Twenty Devas]], covered in gold, line the eastern and western sides of the Grand Hall.
*'''[[Eighteen Arhats|18 Arhats]]'''. 18 unique golden [[arhat]]s stand in two groups of nine.
*'''Guanyin, Sudhana and his 53 teachers'''. A large golden statue of [[Guanyin]] stands on at northern entrance to the Great Hall, with [[Sudhana]] at Guanyin's side and sculptures representing the 53 teachers of his life above.
[[File:Cintamanicakra (Ruyilun Guanyin) - Jade Buddha Temple; Shanghai, China.jpg|left|thumb|Statue of [[Cintāmaṇicakra|Cintamanicakra]] in the Hall of Great Compassion of the Temple]]

===Jade Buddha Chamber===
The Jade Buddha Chamber is in the northern section of the temple, on the second floor. A fee of 10 yuan is charged to ascend to it. Some additional Buddhist sculptures are also viewable in the antechamber.

===Public restaurant===
The public restaurant is located on level two at the eastern edge of the temple and equipped with its own street entrance. Open daily, it serves a range of noodle dishes for five yuan per bowl, the most popular of which is 'double mushroom noodles' ({{zh|c=双菇面|labels=no}}). Other dishes are served at moderate prices. Tickets are sold by color and this ticket is turned in inside the main eating room and your soup is then delivered to your table which you might share with others. Upstairs is a much more upscale restaurant at much higher prices.

===Other===
The temple also contains a private restaurant for the use of monks and temple volunteers, which is at the western edge of the temple complex. There is a visitor services office adjacent to the southern entrance, and a Buddhist library is also on the premises.

===Transport===
The public can board various public buses including Route 16 and can take the [[Line 13, Shanghai Metro|Line 13 of the Shanghai Metro]] to [[Jiangning Road Station]] to arrive at the Jade Buddha Temple.

==References==
*玉佛禅寺. 1989. {{ISBN|7-80071-117-X}}/G.65
<references />

==External links==
{{commons category|Jade Buddha Temple}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20031220032056/http://www.yufotemple.com/intro/intro.htm Jade Buddha Temple official website] {{in lang|zh}}
* [http://www.travelchinaguide.com/attraction/shanghai/jade_temple.htm Travel Guide] {{in lang|en}}
{{National Key Buddhist Temples in Han Chinese Area}}
{{Shanghai}}
{{Buddhist temples in China}}

[[Category:Religious organizations established in 1882]]
[[Category:Chan temples]]
[[Category:Buddhist temples in Shanghai]]
[[Category:Landmarks in Shanghai]]