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{{short description|Second chancellorship of Sebastian Kurz, January 2020 to October 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2021}}
{{Infobox Austrian cabinet
| cabinet_name          = Second Kurz Government
| cabinet_number        = 33rd
| date                  =
| jurisdiction          = Austria
| flag                  = Flag of Austria.svg
| image                 = Ministerrat am 8.1.2020 (49351573722).jpg
| caption               = 
| date_formed           = {{start date|2020|01|07|df=y}}
| date_dissolved        = {{end date|2021|10|11|df=y}}
| appointer             = [[Alexander Van der Bellen]]
| chancellor            = [[Sebastian Kurz]]
| vice-chancellor       = [[Werner Kogler]]
| current_number        = [[List of Ministries (Austria)|15]]
| former_members_number =
| total_number          =
| political_parties     = [[Austrian People's Party|People's Party]]<br />[[The Greens – The Green Alternative|The Greens]]
| legislature_status    = [[Majority government|Majority]] [[Coalition government|coalition]]
| election              = [[2019 Austrian legislative election|2019 legislative election]]
| last_election         =
| budget                =
| opposition_cabinet    =
| opposition_parties    = [[Social Democratic Party of Austria|Social Democratic Party]]<br />[[Freedom Party of Austria|Freedom Party]]<br />[[NEOS – The New Austria and Liberal Forum|NEOS]]
| opposition_leader     = [[Pamela Rendi-Wagner]]
| incoming_formation    =
| outgoing_formation    = 
| previous              = [[Bierlein government]]
| successor             = [[Schallenberg government]]
}}
The '''Second Kurz government''' ({{langx|de|Zweite Bundesregierung Kurz}} or ''Kurz II'' for short) was the 33rd [[Government of Austria]]. Led by [[Sebastian Kurz]] as [[Chancellor of Austria|chancellor]] and [[Werner Kogler]] as [[Vice-Chancellor of Austria|vice-chancellor]], it was sworn in by President [[Alexander Van der Bellen]] on 7 January 2020. It was officially dissolved and succeeded by the [[Schallenberg government]] on 11 October 2021.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ots.at/presseaussendung/OTS_20211010_OTS0036/aviso-morgen-1300-uhr-ernennung-und-angelobung-von-bundeskanzler-alexander-schallenberg-durch-bundespraesident-alexander-van-der-bellen |title=AVISO: Morgen, 13:00 Uhr: Ernennung und Angelobung von Bundeskanzler Alexander Schallenberg durch Bundespräsident Alexander Van der Bellen |date=10 October 2021 |website= ots.at |access-date=10 October 2021|language=de}}</ref>

This government represents many firsts. Headed by a former chancellor who had been ousted in a [[Motion of no confidence|parliamentary vote of no confidence]] and made a comeback by winning the [[2019 Austrian legislative election|2019 legislative election]], it marks an alliance of a centre-right [[Austrian People's Party]] (ÖVP) with the centre-left [[The Greens – The Green Alternative|The Greens]] as junior partner in the national government; it was the only such coalition in Europe until June 2020. It also features a majority of female cabinet members. Chancellor Kurz himself is the youngest member of his own government and the youngest chief executive of any of the European Union's member states for the second time. The new political alliance is closely watched in Europe, especially in neighbouring Germany, as it could become the prototype for a new type of politics in which ascendant conservatives make common cause with green parties to tackle climate change, which has become a salient concern of voters.

The Second Kurz government succeeded the [[Bierlein government]], a nonpartisan caretaker administration installed on 3 June 2019 to run Austria following the collapse of the [[First Kurz government]] in the wake of the [[Ibiza affair]] involving its coalition partner, the far-right [[Freedom Party of Austria|Freedom Party]] (FPÖ). The termination of the coalition of Kurz's party with the FPÖ was followed by a vote of no confidence in Parliament and [[2019 Austrian legislative election|snap election]] in which voter support for the FPÖ dropped sharply and support for the Greens surged to nearly 14%, its highest level ever. The ÖVP emerged victorious with 37% of the popular vote. Although the ÖVP won the election, it did not achieve a parliamentary majority in the [[National Council (Austria)|National Council]] and therefore had to look for a junior coalition partner.

==History==
===Demographics===
The Second Kurz government is the first government in Austrian history in which women constitute the majority; it is also the youngest on average. Sebastian Kurz reclaimed the distinction of being the youngest head of government in Europe, aged 33. The youthfulness of the government also mirrors a younger electorate, Austria having lowered the voting age to 16, the lowest in Europe.

The Second Kurz government includes one cabinet member who is not a native Austrian, but came to the country as a refugee when she was a child, an element of personal biography she shares with President [[Alexander Van der Bellen]].

===Unprecedented coalition===
[[File:2020 Angelobung der Bundesregierung (49345516191).jpg|thumb|The newly appointed ministers at the president's residence, the Hofburg on 7 January 2020]]
[[File:Ministerrat am 8.1.2020 (49351573722).jpg|thumb|Council of ministers on 8 January 2020]]
Sebastian Kurz, [[List of chairpersons of the Austrian People's Party|chairman of the People's Party]], reached an agreement on a coalition with the centre-left [[The Greens – The Green Alternative|Greens]] at the end of 2019, putting him on track to become [[chancellor of Austria]] for the second time, with [[Werner Kogler]], leader of The Greens, as [[Vice-Chancellor of Austria|vice-chancellor]]. This marked a breakthrough for The Greens as it would be represented in the executive branch of government at the national level for the first time. The Greens had previously unsuccessfully participated in coalition talks at the national level and served as coalition partners in several state governments.

The novel form of the political partnership paved the way for the ÖVP to maintain its conservative line on immigration, but also put Austria on the forefront of the fight against climate change, with a Green minister in charge of that portfolio and an action plan towards [[carbon neutrality]] on a pace faster than the rest of the EU.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-50969001|title=Austria backs green agenda with new coalition deal|date=2020-01-02|access-date=2020-01-05|language=en-GB}}</ref> Kurz and Kogler differ not only in age, but also in style and manner of speech. Notwithstanding the odd-couple nature of the match, they have developed a good working relationship. Unlike Kurz, Kogler had to obtain the approval of his rank and file to enter the coalition government on the terms spelled out in the formal coalition agreement that the two party leaders had finalised and announced on New Year's Day. This was required by the charter of The Greens, which reflects its founders' commitment to grassroots democracy, while the ÖVP is more hierarchical and dominated by its constituent organisations in the corporatist tradition.

On 4 January 2020, more than 93 percent of the delegates at a special Green Congress convened in [[Salzburg]] backed the deal hammered out by the negotiating teams of the two parties and their leaders in more than two months of bargaining that covered the full spectrum of public policies, rather than just environmental issues.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/diegruenen/photos/a.64644713033/10156859783313034/?type=3|title=Die Grünen|website=www.facebook.com|language=en|access-date=2020-01-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.derstandard.at/story/2000112933308/gruener-bundeskongress-stimmt-mit-93-prozent-fuer-koalition-mit-oevp|title=Bundeskongress der Grünen stimmt mit 93 Prozent für Koalition mit ÖVP - derStandard.at|website=DER STANDARD|language=de-AT|access-date=2020-01-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author1= Sarah Wheaton |title=Austrian Greens back coalition with Kurz's conservatives|url= https://www.politico.eu/article/austrian-greens-back-coalition-with-kurzs-conservatives/ |website=Politico |date=4 January 2020|access-date=4 January 2020}}</ref> In the floor debate, misgivings were expressed about too many concessions having been made in reaching a deal on a joint government programme that both parties and their respective supporters in the electorate can agree on. Some delegates expressed dissent in the areas of civil liberties and treatment of asylum seekers and migrants. They deplored the Greens' yielding on core humanitarian principles.

In recognition of internal party dissension, Kogler stressed on many occasions the need to practice political realism. Assuming responsibility for governing the country with the ÖVP offered the Greens an opportunity to participate directly in the shaping of the future course of public policy for the very first time. "When if not now?" Kogler proclaimed, under a banner highlighting the spirit and motto of the congress: "Facing the future with boldness". He expressed hope to set an example for the rest of Europe with green and conservative parties working together in the national interest, as opposed to remaining merely on the sidelines as an opposition party in Parliament. In a separate floor vote, the Green rank and file approved the slate of Green ministers already designated unanimously by the party's expanded executive committee, with only one vote against and one abstention.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://orf.at/stories/3149810/|title=ÖVP – Grüne: Weg frei für neue Koalition – FPÖ murrt|last=aloh|first=ORF at/Agenturen|date=2020-01-05|website=news.ORF.at|language=de|access-date=2020-01-05}}</ref>

== Composition ==
The cabinet consists of:<ref>{{cite web |author1=Article Writer |title= Aschbacher soll Ministerin für Arbeit und Familie werden |url= https://www.diepresse.com/5745514/aschbacher-soll-ministerin-fur-arbeit-und-familie-werden |website=Die Presse |date= 31 December 2019 |language = de |access-date=4 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author1=Article Writer |title= Zwei Bauernbündlerinnen in der nächsten Regierung: Elisabeth Köstinger und Klaudia Tanner |url= https://bauernzeitung.at/zwei-bauernbuendlerinnen-in-der-naechsten-regierung-elisabeth-koestinger-und-klaudia-tanner/ |website= bauernzeitung.at |date= 2 January 2020 |language = de |access-date=4 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author1=Article Writer |title= Erste Details des Regierungsprogramms |url= https://orf.at/stories/3149386/ |website=ORF News |date= 2 January 2020 |language = de |access-date=4 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author1=Article Writer |title=Das ist das Regierungsteam |url=https://orf.at/stories/3149514/|website=ORF News |date=2 January 2020 | language= de |access-date=4 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author1= Article Writer |title=Österreich: Grüne entscheidet über Koalitionspakt mit ÖVP - Ergebnis der Abstimmung überwältigt |url=https://www.merkur.de/politik/oesterreich-regierung-sebastian-kurz-oevp-gruene-kogler-koalition-parteigremien-habeck-zr-13413927.amp.html |website=Merkur.de |language = de |access-date=4 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author1= Von OÖN-Innenpolitik |title=Kurz und Kogler: Die Regierung mit dem größten Frauenanteil |url= https://www.nachrichten.at/politik/innenpolitik/kurz-und-kogler-die-regierung-mit-dem-groessten-frauenanteil;art385,3207355 |website= nachrichten.at |language = de |access-date=4 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author1=Politik/Inland|title=Neue Regierung: Kanzler kümmert sich künftig selbst um Medienthemen |url= https://kurier.at/politik/inland/neue-regierung-kanzler-kuemmert-sich-kuenftig-selbst-um-medienthemen/400715001 |website=kurier.at |date=30 December 2019 |language = de | access-date=4 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title= Das sind die Sprecher der neuen ÖVP-Minister |url= https://www.vienna.at/das-sind-die-sprecher-der-neuen-oevp-minister/6477964/amp |website= vienna.at |date= 7 January 2020 |language = de | access-date=7 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title= Bundesministerinnen und Bundesminister, Staatssekretärin und Staatssekretär |url= https://www.bundeskanzleramt.gv.at/bundeskanzleramt/die-bundesregierung/bundesministerinnen-und-bundesminister.html |website= bundeskanzleramt.gv.at |language = de | access-date=7 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title= Erster türkis-grüner Ministerrat: "Es wird etwas geschehen" |url= https://www.diepresse.com/5748663/erster-turkis-gruner-ministerrat-es-wird-etwas-geschehen |website= diepresse.com |date= 8 January 2020 |language = de | access-date=8 January 2020}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="border:#555; text-align:center; " 
|-
! class="unsortable" style="width:100px;"| Portrait
! Name 
! Office
! Took office
! Left office
! colspan="2" class="unsortable" style="width:5px;" |Party
!Federal Home State
|-
! colspan="9" |

=== [[Chancellery (Austria)|Chancellery]] ===
|-
| [[File:Sebastian Kurz (2018-02-28) (cropped).jpg|100px]]
| [[Sebastian Kurz]]
| [[Chancellor of Austria]]{{efn|name=fn1|Also responsible for Media agendas}}
| {{start date|2020|01|07|df=y}}
| {{end date|2021|10|11|df=y}}
| style="background-color: {{party color|Austrian People's Party (2017)}}" |
| [[Austrian People's Party|ÖVP]]
|{{flag|Vienna|state}}
|-
| [[File:Werner Kogler 2013.jpg|100px]]
| [[Werner Kogler]]
| [[Vice-Chancellor of Austria]]<br />[[Federal Ministry for Arts, Culture, the Civil Service and Sport|Minister for Arts, Culture, the Civil Service and Sport]]
| {{start date|2020|01|07|df=y}}
|
| style="background-color: {{party color|The Greens – The Green Alternative}}" |
| [[The Greens – The Green Alternative|Greens]]
|{{flag|Styria|state}}
|-
! colspan="9" |

=== [[List of Ministries (Austria)|Chancellery ministers]] ===
|-
| [[File:Karoline Edtstadler (cropped) (cropped).jpg|100px]]
| [[Karoline Edtstadler]]
| [[Minister (Austria)|Chancellery minister]] for the EU and Constitution
| {{start date|2020|01|07|df=y}}
|
| style="background-color: {{party color|Austrian People's Party (2017)}}" |
| [[Austrian People's Party|ÖVP]]
|{{flag|Salzburg|state}}
|-
| [[File:2020 Susanne Raab Ministerrat am 8.1.2020 (49351571192) (cropped) (cropped).jpg|100px]]
| [[Susanne Raab]]
| [[Minister (Austria)|Chancellery minister]] for Women and [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Austria)|Integration]]
| {{start date|2020|01|07|df=y}}
|
| style="background-color: {{party color|Austrian People's Party (2017)}}" |
| [[Austrian People's Party|ÖVP]]
|{{flag|Upper Austria|state}}
|-
! colspan="9" |

=== [[Minister (Austria)|Ministers]] ===
|-
| [[File:2020 Karl Nehammer Ministerrat am 8.1.2020 (49351366976) (cropped) (cropped).jpg|100px]]
| [[Karl Nehammer]]
| [[List of Ministers of the Interior (Austria)|Minister of the Interior]]
| {{start date|2020|01|07|df=y}}
| {{end date|2021|12|06|df=y}}
| style="background-color: {{party color|Austrian People's Party (2017)}}" |
| [[Austrian People's Party|ÖVP]]
|{{flag|Vienna|state}}
|-
| [[File:Alexander Schallenberg (51029203647).jpg|100px]]
| [[Alexander Schallenberg]]
| [[Minister of Foreign Affairs (Austria)|Minister for European and International Affairs]]
| {{start date|2020|01|07|df=y}}
| {{end date|2021|10|11|df=y}}
| style="background-color: {{party color|Austrian People's Party (2017)}}" |
| [[Austrian People's Party|ÖVP]]
|(Born abroad)
|-
| [[File:2020 Alma Zadić Ministerrat am 8.1.2020 (49351570467) (cropped) (cropped).jpg|100px]]
| [[Alma Zadić]]
| [[List of Ministers of Justice (Austria)|Minister of Justice]]
| {{start date|2020|01|07|df=y}}
| 
| style="background-color: {{party color|The Greens – The Green Alternative}}" |
| [[The Greens – The Green Alternative|Greens]]
|(Born abroad)
|-
| [[File:Rudolf Anschober BHO-0659.jpg|100px]]
| [[Rudolf Anschober]]
| rowspan="2" |[[List of Ministers of Social Affairs (Austria)|Minister of Social Affairs, Health, Care, and Consumer Protection]]
| {{start date|2020|01|07|df=y}}
| {{end date|2021|04|13|df=y}}
| style="background-color: {{party color|The Greens – The Green Alternative}}" |
| [[The Greens – The Green Alternative|Greens]]
|{{flag|Upper Austria|state}}
|-
| [[File:2021 Wolfgang Mückstein (51115921585) (cropped).jpg|100px]]
| [[Wolfgang Mückstein]]
| {{start date|2021|04|19|df=y}}
| 
| style="background-color: {{party color|The Greens – The Green Alternative}}" |
| [[The Greens – The Green Alternative|Greens]] 
|{{flag|Vienna|state}}
|-
| [[File:2020 Christine Aschbacher Ministerrat am 8.1.2020 (49350911953) (cropped) (cropped).jpg|100px]]
| [[Christine Aschbacher]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Minister of Labour, Family and Youth (Austria)|Minister of Labour, Family and Youth]]
| {{start date|2020|01|07|df=y}}
| {{end date|2021|01|09|df=y}}
| style="background-color: {{party color|Austrian People's Party (2017)}}" |
| [[Austrian People's Party|ÖVP]]
|{{flag|Styria|state}}
|-
| [[File:2021 Martin Kocher (50958944386) (cropped) (cropped).jpg|100px]]
| [[Martin Kocher]]
| {{start date|2021|01|11|df=y}}
|
| style="background-color: {{party color|Austrian People's Party (2017)}}" |
| [[Austrian People's Party|ÖVP]]
|{{flag|Salzburg|state}}
|-
| [[File:WahlNÖ2013 Klaudia Tanner 5209.jpg|100px]]
| [[Klaudia Tanner]]
| [[Minister of Defense (Austria)|Minister of Defence]]
| {{start date|2020|01|07|df=y}}
|
| style="background-color: {{party color|Austrian People's Party (2017)}}" |
| [[Austrian People's Party|ÖVP]]
|{{flag|Lower Austria|state}}
|-
| [[File:Heinz Fassmann, Austrian Minister of Education - 2018 (46171295532) (cropped).jpg|100px]]
| [[Heinz Faßmann]]
| [[List of Ministers of Education (Austria)|Minister of Education, Science, and Research]]
| {{start date|2020|01|07|df=y}}
| {{end date|2021|12|06|df=y}}
| style="background-color: #b9eaf1" |
| [[Independent politician|Independent]]<br />{{small|([[ÖVP]] nominated)}} 
|(Born abroad)
|-
| [[File:2020 Leonore Gewessler Ministerrat am 8.1.2020 (49351367291) (cropped) (cropped).jpg|100px]]
| [[Leonore Gewessler]]
| [[List of Ministers of Transport (Austria)|Minister of Climate Action, Environment, Energy, Mobility, Innovation and Technology]]{{efn|name=fn2|The ministry also holds the agenda responsibilities of Infrastructure.}}
| {{start date|2020|01|07|df=y}}
| 
| style="background-color: {{party color|The Greens – The Green Alternative}}" |
| [[The Greens – The Green Alternative|Greens]]
|{{flag|Styria|state}}
|-
| [[File:Elisabeth Köstinger (2014) (cropped).jpg|100px]]
| [[Elisabeth Köstinger]]
| [[Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Regions and Tourism|Minister of Agriculture, Regions, and Tourism]]
| {{start date|2020|01|07|df=y}}
|
| style="background-color: {{party color|Austrian People's Party (2017)}}" |
| [[Austrian People's Party|ÖVP]]
|{{flag|Carinthia|state}}
|-
| [[File:2015 Margarete Schramböck (17126313616).jpg|100px]]
| [[Margarete Schramböck]]
| [[List of Ministers of Economy (Austria)|Minister of Digital and Economic Affairs]]
| {{start date|2020|01|07|df=y}}
|
| style="background-color: {{party color|Austrian People's Party (2017)}}" |
| [[Austrian People's Party|ÖVP]]
|{{flag|Tyrol|state}}
|-
| [[File:2018 Gernot Blümel (39502202725) (cropped).jpg|100px]]
| [[Gernot Blümel]]
| [[List of Ministers of Finance (Austria)|Minister of Finance]]
| {{start date|2020|01|07|df=y}}
| {{end date|2021|12|06|df=y}}
| style="background-color: {{party color|Austrian People's Party (2017)}}" |
| [[Austrian People's Party|ÖVP]]
|{{flag|Vienna|state}}
|-
! colspan="9" |

=== State secretaries  ===
|-
| [[File:Magnus Brunner.jpg|100px]]
| [[Magnus Brunner]]
| State secretary in the [[Federal Ministry for Climate Action, Environment, Energy, Mobility, Innovation and Technology|Ministry for Climate Action, Environment, Energy, Mobility, Innovation and Technology]]{{efn|name=fn2}}
| {{start date|2020|01|07|df=y}}
| {{end date|2021|12|06|df=y}}
| style="background-color: {{party color|Austrian People's Party (2017)}}" |
| [[Austrian People's Party|ÖVP]]
|{{flag|Vorarlberg|state}}
|-
| [[File:Ulrike Lunacek April 2014 (cropped).jpg|100px]]
| [[Ulrike Lunacek]]
| rowspan="2" |State secretary in the [[Federal Ministry for Arts, Culture, the Civil Service and Sport|Ministry for Arts, Culture, the Civil Service and Sport]]
| {{start date|2020|01|07|df=y}}
| {{start date|2020|05|20|df=y}}
| style="background-color: {{party color|The Greens – The Green Alternative}}" |
| [[The Greens – The Green Alternative|Greens]]
|{{flag|Lower Austria|state}}
|-
| [[File:2015 Andrea Ecker, Andrea Mayer (16624734754) (cropped).jpg|100px]]
| [[Andrea Mayer]]
| {{start date|2020|05|20|df=y}}
|
| style="background-color: #aadd88" |
| [[Independent politician|Independent]]<br />{{small|([[The Greens – The Green Alternative|Greens]] nominated)}} 
|{{flag|Lower Austria|state}}
|-
! colspan="9" |
|}

== Actions ==
Under the People's Party, The Greens coalition plans, Austria will aim to become carbon neutral by 2040, a decade earlier than an EU-wide target, a pledge for all electricity to come from renewable sources by 2030, as well as more spending on public transport. The coalition deal also includes banning the headscarf in schools for girls up to age 14, an extension of the garment ban that applies until age 10 approved by lawmakers earlier this year. The agreement also revives a plan for “precautionary detention” of potentially dangerous asylum seekers.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jan/02/austrias-new-coalition-agrees-to-extend-school-headscarf-ban"|title=Austria's new coalition agrees to extend school headscarf ban|newspaper=The Guardian|first=Jennifer|last=Rankin|date=2 January 2020}}</ref>

== See also ==
*[[Politics of Austria]]

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Cabinets of Austria}}
{{EU governments}}

[[Category:2020 establishments in Austria]]
[[Category:Cabinets established in 2020]]
[[Category:Cabinets disestablished in 2021]]
[[Category:2021 disestablishments in Austria]]
[[Category:Politics of Austria]]
[[Category:Austrian governments|Kurz II]]
[[Category:2020s in Austria]]
[[Category:Sebastian Kurz|Government 2]]