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{{Redirect|Liberal and Country League|the party in Western Australia also named Liberal and Country League between 1949 and 1968|Liberal Party of Australia (Western Australian Division)|the independent party in Victoria between 1938 and 1943|Liberal Country Party|the party in Victoria named Liberal and Country Party between 1949 and 1965|Liberal Party of Australia (Victorian Division)}}
{{Use Australian English|date=November 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2017}}
{{Infobox political party
| name             = South Australian Liberal Party<br/>{{small|Liberal Party of Australia (South Australian Division)}}
| native_name      = 
| logo             = File:SA Liberal logo 2023.svg
| logo_size        = 125
| colorcode        = {{Australian politics/party colours|liberal sa}}
| abbreviation     = {{hlist|LCL {{small|(1932–1974)}}}}
| founder          = 
| founded          = {{date and age|9 June 1932}}{{efn|The official change to the "South Australian Liberal Party" was in {{Start date and age|1974|July}}}}
| headquarters     = 104 Greenhill Road, [[Unley, South Australia|Unley]], [[Adelaide city centre|Adelaide]], [[South Australia]]
| website          = {{URL|saliberal.org.au}}
| country          = Australia
| leader1_title    = [[#List of Leaders|Leader]]
| leader1_name     = [[Vincent Tarzia]]
| leader2_title    = [[#Deputy Leader|Deputy Leader]]
| leader2_name     = [[John Gardner (Australian politician)|John Gardner]]
| leader3_title    = President
| leader3_name     = Rowan Mumford<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-09-17/conservative-takeover-of-sa-liberal-party-fails-to-eventuate/101451230 | title=SA Liberals opt for 'generational shift' rather than conservative takeover at annual general meeting | newspaper=ABC News | date=17 September 2022 }}</ref>
| predecessor      = {{hlist|[[Liberal Federation]]|[[Country Party (South Australia)|Country]]}}
| youth_wing       = [[South Australian Young Liberal Movement|SA Young Liberal Movement]]
| womens_wing      = [[Federal Women's Committee of the Liberal Party of Australia|Liberal Women's Council]]
| national         = [[Liberal Party of Australia|Federal Liberal]]
| seats1_title     = {{nowrap|[[South Australian House of Assembly|House of Assembly]]}}
| seats1           = {{Composition bar|14|47|hex={{Australian politics/party colours|liberal sa}}}}
| seats2_title     = [[South Australian Legislative Council|Legislative Council]]
| seats2           = {{Composition bar|8|22|hex={{Australian politics/party colours|liberal sa}}}}
| seats3_title     = [[Australian House of Representatives|House of Representatives]]
| seats3           = {{Composition bar|3|10|hex={{Australian politics/party colours|liberal sa}}}}{{small|(South Australian seats)}}
| seats4_title     = [[Australian Senate|Senate]]
| seats4           = {{Composition bar|6|12|hex={{Australian politics/party colours|liberal sa}}}}{{small|(South Australian seats)}}
| ideology         = {{plainlist|
* [[Liberalism]] ([[Liberalism in Australia|Australian]])
* [[Conservatism]] ([[Conservatism in Australia|Australian]])
* [[Liberal conservatism]]
}}
| position         = {{nowrap|[[Centre-right politics|Centre-right]]<ref>{{cite news |date=19 April 2022 |title=SA Liberals elect former environment minister David Speirs as new party leader |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-04-19/sa-liberals-elect-david-speirs-as-new-leader/100998430 |url-status=live |work=ABC News |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220427074842/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-04-19/sa-liberals-elect-david-speirs-as-new-leader/100998430 |archive-date=27 April 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Kelsall |first1=Thomas |date=6 July 2023 |title='Dark forces': Liberal factional tensions erupt as MP turns independent |url=https://indaily.com.au/news/2023/07/06/dark-forces-liberal-factional-tensions-erupt-as-mp-turns-independent/ |url-status=live |work=[[Solstice Media|InDaily]] |publisher=[[Solstice Media]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230706030021/https://indaily.com.au/news/2023/07/06/dark-forces-liberal-factional-tensions-erupt-as-mp-turns-independent/ |archive-date=6 July 2023 }}</ref> to [[Right-wing politics|right-wing]]<ref name="amp.theaustralian.com.au">{{cite news |url=https://amp.theaustralian.com.au/nation/politics/sa-liberals-turn-to-alan-jones-and-katherine-deves-to-help-chart-new-more-rightwing-course/news-story/19d74b31aa56a710300c83b6cf14cec8 |title=SA Liberals call in Jones and Deves |date=13 September 2022 |work=[[The Australian]] |publisher=[[News Corp Australia]] }}</ref>}}
| colours          = {{colorbox|{{Australian politics/party colours|liberal sa}}|border=silver}} [[Shades of blue#Space Cadet|Dark]] [[Political colour#Blue|blue]]<br>{{colorbox|#66C7DE|border=silver}} [[Sky blue|Sky]] [[Political colour#Blue|blue]]
}}
{{LGA seats
| seats1_title     = [[Adelaide City Council|Adelaide]]
| seats1           = {{Composition bar|1|12|hex={{Australian politics/party colours|liberal sa}}}}
| seats2_title     = [[City_of_Marion|Marion]]
| seats2           = {{Composition bar|1|13|hex={{Australian politics/party colours|liberal sa}}}}
| seats3_title    = [[Mount Barker District Council|Mount Barker]]
| seats3          = {{Composition bar|1|11|hex={{Australian politics/party colours|liberal sa}}}}
| seats4_title     = [[City of Onkaparinga|Onkaparinga]]
| seats4           = {{Composition bar|2|13|hex={{Australian politics/party colours|liberal sa}}}}
| seats5_title    = [[Port Pirie Regional Council|Port Pirie]]
| seats5          = {{Composition bar|1|10|hex={{Australian politics/party colours|liberal sa}}}}
| seats6_title     = [[City of Prospect|Prospect]]
| seats6           = {{Composition bar|1|9|hex={{Australian politics/party colours|liberal sa}}}}
| seats7_title     = [[City of Tea Tree Gully|Tea Tree Gully]]
| seats7           = {{Composition bar|6|14|hex={{Australian politics/party colours|liberal sa}}}}
| seats8_title    = [[City of Unley|Unley]]
| seats8          = {{Composition bar|3|13|hex={{Australian politics/party colours|liberal sa}}}}
| seats9_title    = [[City of Victor Harbor|Victor Harbor]]
| seats9          = {{Composition bar|1|10|hex={{Australian politics/party colours|liberal sa}}}}
| seats10_title   = [[City of West Torrens|West Torrens]]
| seats10         = {{Composition bar|1|15|hex={{Australian politics/party colours|liberal sa}}}}
}}
The '''South Australian Liberal Party''', officially known as the '''Liberal Party of Australia (South Australian Division)''', and often shortened to '''SA Liberals''', is the [[South Australia]]n Division of the [[Liberal Party of Australia]]. It was formed as the '''Liberal and Country League''' (LCL) in 1932 and became the South Australian Division of the Liberal Party when the Liberal Party was formed in 1945.<ref name=jan1945/> It retained its Liberal and Country League name before changing to its current name in 1974.<ref>[http://www.slsa.sa.gov.au/archivaldocs/srg/SRG168_1_LiberalParty_serieslist.pdf Liberal Party of Australia, South Australian Division: SLSA.sa.gov.au]</ref> It is one of two [[Major party|major parties]] in the [[bicameral]] [[Parliament of South Australia]], the other being the [[Australian Labor Party (South Australian Branch)|Australian Labor Party (SA Branch)]]. The party is led by [[Vincent Tarzia]] since 12 August 2024.

During its 42-year existence as the Liberal and Country League, it spent 34 years in government, mainly due to an electoral [[malapportionment]] scheme known as the [[Playmander]]. The Playmander was named after LCL leader [[Thomas Playford IV|Sir Tom Playford]], who was the [[Premier of South Australia]] for 27 years from 1938 until his election loss in 1965. The Playmander was dismantled through an electoral reform in 1968, with the first election under the new boundaries in [[1970 South Australian state election|1970]]. Since the electoral reform, the party has won only 4 of the 17 state elections: [[1979 South Australian state election|1979]], [[1993 South Australian state election|1993]], [[1997 South Australian state election|1997]] and [[2018 South Australian state election|2018]].

==History==
===Formation===
[[Image:Richard Layton Butler.jpg|thumb|upright|Sir [[Richard Layton Butler]], LCL Founder and Premier 1933–1938]]
The Liberal and Country League had its roots in the [[Emergency Committee of South Australia]], which ran as the main non-Labor party in South Australia at the [[1931 Australian federal election|1931 federal election]] landslide. In the [[Australian House of Representatives|House of Representatives]], it took an additional two seats to hold six of the state's seven seats. In the [[Preferential block voting|bloc-voting winner-take-all]] [[Australian Senate|Senate]], it took the three seats up for election.

Encouraged by this success, the [[Liberal Federation]] (the SA branch of the [[United Australia Party]]) and the [[Country Party (South Australia)|SA Country Party]] merged to form the LCL on 9 June 1932, with former Liberal Federation leader [[Richard Layton Butler]] as its first leader. Liberal Federation itself was preceded by [[Liberal Union (South Australia)|Liberal Union]] (1910–1923) with the latter created from a tri-merger between the [[Liberal and Democratic Union]] (formed 1906), the [[Farmers and Producers Political Union]] (formed 1904) and the [[National Defence League]] (formed 1891).

In its first electoral test, the [[1933 South Australian state election|1933 state election]], the LCL took advantage of a three-way split in the state Labor government to win a smashing victory, taking 29 seats versus only 13 for the three Labor factions combined. Butler then became the [[Premier of South Australia]].

Traditionally a [[Social Conservatism|socially conservative]] party, the LCL contained relatively distinct factions whose ideologies often conflicted:{{citation needed|date=January 2020}}
* Farmers, [[Pastoral farming|grazier]]s and rural [[property owner]]s.
* The urban middle class

The urban middle class continued to support the party although they had little say in its running.  Indeed, it was not until the election of [[Robin Millhouse]] in 1955 that someone from this third faction was elected to parliament.  Millhouse, often considered during his term as the most [[Progressivism|progressive]] member of the LCL, continually criticised the conservative wing of the party. He eventually resigned in 1973 and joined the splinter [[Liberal Movement (Australia)|Liberal Movement]] party.<ref name=1970s>{{cite web|url=http://www.samemory.sa.gov.au/site/page.cfm?u=114 |title=The 1970s |work=SA Memory:Past, Present for the Future |date=16 May 2007 |access-date=28 May 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091112015537/http://www.samemory.sa.gov.au/site/page.cfm?u=114 |archive-date=12 November 2009 }}</ref>

===Playmander period===
{{see also|Playmander}}

====Early years====
[[File:Playford_portrait_38.jpg|thumb|upright|Sir [[Thomas Playford IV|Tom Playford]], LCL Leader 1938–1966, Premier 1938–1965]]
The Butler LCL introduced the electoral [[malapportionment]] scheme later known as the [[Playmander]] in 1936. The House of Assembly was also reduced from 46 members elected from [[multi-member]] districts to 39 members elected from [[Single-member districts|single-member]] electorates. The electorates consisted of rural districts enjoying a 2-to-1 advantage in the [[Parliament of South Australia|state parliament]], even though they contained less than half of the population. Two-thirds of seats were to be located in rural areas ("the country").  This arrangement was retained even as [[Adelaide, South Australia|Adelaide]], the state capital, grew to two-thirds of the state's population.

Even allowing for a smaller chamber, the LCL suffered heavy losses at the [[1938 South Australian state election|1938 election]], winning just 15 of 39 seats. However, Labor picked up only a small number of additional seats. In an unprecedented result, the [[crossbencher|crossbench]] swelled massively, with no less than 14 independents elected from a combined independent primary vote of 40 percent, higher than either major party (33 percent for the LCL, 26 percent for Labor). Butler and the LCL had to rely on the crossbench for [[confidence and supply]] to remain in government. Only months later, Butler resigned in favour of [[Thomas Playford IV|Tom Playford]] to make an unsuccessful attempt to enter federal politics. From the [[1941 South Australian state election|1941 election]] onward, the Playford LCL would regain and keep a parliamentary majority, albeit narrowly. Additionally, turnout crashed to a record-low 50 percent in 1941, triggering the Playford LCL to introduce [[compulsory voting]] from the [[1944 South Australian state election|1944 election]].

In January 1945, the Liberal and Country League became the South Australian division of the newly formed [[Liberal Party of Australia]].<ref name=jan1945>{{cite news|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/110296518|title=Liberal Party of Australia|publisher=The Kapunda Herald|page=4|date=11 January 1945|access-date=16 December 2021}}</ref> However, the SA division continued to be known as the LCL.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-871640390|title=Liberal Party of Australia (N.S.W. Division) - Constitution|page=3|date=August 1945|access-date=30 January 2020}}</ref>

====Effects on elections====
Under the scheme, a vote in a low-population rural seat had anywhere from double to ten times the value of a vote in a high-population metropolitan seat. For example, at the [[1968 South Australian state election|1968 election]] the rural seat of [[Electoral district of Frome|Frome]] had 4,500 formal votes, while the metropolitan seat of [[Electoral district of Enfield|Enfield]] had 42,000 formal votes. The scheme allowed LCL to win sufficient parliamentary seats even when it lost the [[Two-party-preferred vote|two-party]] vote to [[Australian Labor Party (South Australian Branch)|Labor]] opposition by comprehensive margins at several elections: [[1944 South Australian state election|1944]], [[1953 South Australian state election|1953]], [[1962 South Australian state election|1962]] and [[1968 South Australian state election|1968]]. For instance, in the [[1944 South Australian state election|1944]] and [[1953 South Australian state election|1953]] elections, Labor took 53 percent of the two-party vote, which would have normally been enough to deliver a solid majority for the Labor leader–[[Robert Richards (Australian politician)|Robert Richards]] in 1944 and [[Mick O'Halloran]] in 1953. However, on both occasions, the LCL managed to just barely hold onto power. By the 1950s, a number of Labor figures had despaired of ever winning power. O'Halleran, for instance, felt he needed to maintain a cordial relationship with Playford in hopes of getting Labor-friendly legislation through the House of Assembly.

Playford had become synonymous with the LCL over his record 27-year tenure as [[Premier of South Australia]]. The LCL became so strongly identified with Playford that during election campaigns, it branded itself as "The Playford Liberal and Country League".  Playford gave the impression that the LCL membership were there solely to raise money and run election campaigns; his grip on the party was such that he frequently ignored LCL convention decisions.  This treatment of rank and file party members continued to cause resentment throughout the party. This split mirrored the dissatisfaction amongst the Establishment faction, which had been steadily losing its power within the party and was appalled at the "[[nouveau riche]] (new money) commoners", such as Millhouse, that had infiltrated the parliamentary wing of the LCL.

====Fall from power====
The LCL's grip on power began to slip in the 1950s; they would lose seats in every election from 1953 onward.  Even at the height of Playford's popularity, the LCL was almost nonexistent in Adelaide, winning almost no seats in the capital outside the wealthy "eastern crescent" and the area around [[Glenelg, South Australia|Glenelg]] and [[Holdfast Bay]].  Due to its paper-thin base in the capital, Playford's LCL often won just barely enough seats to govern alone; the party never held more than 23 seats at any time during Playford's tenure. Despite this, the LCL party machine had become moribund as leaders had become lulled into a false sense of security due to the extended run of election wins aided by the Playmander. The LCL was thus caught unawares when O'Halloran's successor as state Labor leader, [[Frank Walsh]], eschewed a statewide campaign in favour of targeting marginal LCL seats.

Walsh's strategy almost paid off at the [[1962 South Australian state election|1962 election]]. Labor won a decisive 54.3 percent of the two-party preferred vote to the LCL's 45.7 percent. In the rest of Australia, this would have been enough for a comprehensive Labor victory. However, due to the Playmander, Labor only picked up a two-seat swing, leaving it one short of a majority.  The two independents threw their support to the LCL, allowing Playford to remain in office. This election showed how grossly distorted the Playmander had become; by this time, Adelaide accounted for two-thirds of the state's population, but elected only one-third of the legislature. A year later, the LCL received another jolt with the reformation of a [[The Nationals South Australia|separate Country Party]]. Although a shadow of its former self, the reformed Country Party served as a wakeup call to Playford that there were problems within the LCL.

Labor finally beat the Playmander against the odds at the [[1965 South Australian state election|1965 election]]. Despite winning the same two-party vote as it had three years earlier, the [[Playmander]] was strong enough that Labor was only able to win government by two seats. Playford resigned as party leader in 1966 and was succeeded by [[Steele Hall]].

====Dismantling Playmander====
{{see also|Liberal Movement (Australia)}}
[[Image:SteeleHall1968.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Steele Hall]], LCL Leader 1966–1972, Premier 1968–1970]]
At the [[1968 South Australian state election|1968 election]], Labor won a 53.2 percent two-party vote to the LCL's 46.8 percent, but suffered a two-seat swing, resulting in a [[hung parliament]].  The lone independent in the chamber, [[Tom Stott]], threw his support to the LCL, allowing Hall to form a minority government. Hall was embarrassed that his party was in a position to win power despite having clearly lost the vote.  Concerned by the level of publicity and public protest about the issue, Hall committed himself to reducing the rural weighting. Under his watch, the lower house was expanded 39 to 47 seats, 28 of which were located in Adelaide. It fell short of "[[one vote one value]]", as Labor had demanded, since rural areas were still over-represented.

Nonetheless, with Adelaide now electing a majority of the legislature, conventional wisdom held that Hall knew he was effectively handing the premiership to Labor leader [[Don Dunstan]] at the next election. That election took place in [[1970 South Australian state election|1970]] when Stott crossed the floor to vote against the LCL. As expected, the LCL was defeated. Hall remained as the [[Leader of the Opposition (South Australia)|Leader of the Opposition]]. One vote one value would later be introduced by Labor following the [[1975 South Australian state election|1975 election]].

The party's problems had already emerged in public spats, most notably the formation of the [[Liberal Movement (Australia)|Liberal Movement]], a [[Social progressivism|socially progressive]] or "small-l liberal" wing of the LCL in 1972.<ref name=1970s/> The divisions culminated in the Liberal Movement becoming a separate party in 1973, with Hall and fellow parliamentarians [[Martin Cameron (South Australian politician)|Martin Cameron]] and [[Robin Millhouse]] resigning from the LCL to join the newly formed party. Hall claimed that the Party had 'lost its idealism [and] forgotten...its purpose for existence'.

[[Bruce Eastick]] succeeded Hall as LCL leader after Hall's resignation from the party in 1973.

===Liberal Party===
====Renaming to the Liberal Party====
During Eastick's leadership, the Liberal and Country League assembled at a meeting of the State Council on 22 July 1974 to rename itself to "Liberal Party of Australia (South Australian Division)".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/download/media/pressrel/HPR10021411/upload_binary/HPR10021411.pdf;fileType=application%2Fpdf#search=%22media/pressrel/HPR10021411%22|title=Liberal and Country League State Council Address - Billy Snedden|date=22 July 1974|access-date=30 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Martin |first=Robert |date=2009 |title=Responsible Government in South Australia, Volume 2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R2TXM0oxIk0C&pg=PA82 |location=South Australia |publisher=Wakefield Press |page=82 |isbn= 9781862548442}}</ref> The renaming initiative was welcomed by federal Liberal leader and [[Leader of the Opposition (Australia)|opposition leader]] [[Billy Snedden]], who was present at the meeting. The party also revised its constitution, adopted a new platform, appointed new young party officials and organisers, modelling after the [[Liberal Party of Australia (Victorian Division)|Victorian Liberals]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/110723764|title=Labor in SA appears 'edgy'|publisher=The Canberra Times|date=15 August 1974|access-date=30 January 2020}}</ref>

In July 1975, [[David Tonkin]] challenged Eastick for party leadership, and became leader unopposed after Eastick stood aside.<ref name=marshall2013>{{cite web|url=https://www.theaustralian.com.au/national-affairs/downer-endorses-cleanskin/news-story/551f2ea8ebbdaf45e9e688f8bb735b01|title=Alexander Downer endorses cleanskin Steven Marshall|publisher=The Australian|date=2 February 2013|access-date=30 January 2020}}</ref> This would be the last time that a Liberal leader was elected unopposed until 2013.
 
Hall's Liberal Movement dissolved in 1976 and three of its four state parliamentary members ([[Martin Cameron (South Australian politician)|Martin Cameron]], [[John Carnie]], [[David Boundy]]) rejoined the Liberal Party. Hall, who was elected to the [[Australian Senate|Senate]] in [[1974 Australian federal election|1974]] and [[1975 Australian federal election|1975]] as a Liberal Movement member, also rejoined the Liberal Party and joined the federal [[Liberal Party of Australia|Liberal Party]] room. The remaining Liberal Movement state parliamentary member was Millhouse, who refused to rejoin the Liberal Party, founding the [[New Liberal Movement]] instead. His new party merged with the [[Australia Party]] a year later in 1977 to become the [[Australian Democrats]].

One vote one value was introduced by Labor following the [[1975 South Australian state election|1975 election]] where the Liberal Party won a 50.8 percent [[Two-party-preferred vote|two-party]] vote but fell one seat short of forming government. Labor would regain their vote and majority at the [[1977 South Australian state election|1977 election]], however Dunstan resigned in the months prior to the [[1979 South Australian state election|1979 election]] where the Liberals won government for one term.

====Tonkin Government (1979–1982)====
{{expand section|date=April 2020}}
At that election, [[David Tonkin]], who succeeded Eastick as party leader in 1975, led the Liberals to victory against a weakened Labor Party. It was the first time in 20 years that the non-Labor side in South Australia had won the most seats while also winning a majority of the vote. However, despite winning 55 percent of the two-party vote, the largest two-party-preferred margin since the end of the Playmander at the time, the Liberals only won 25 of the 47 seats. This was because the "one vote one value" reforms left most of the Liberal vote locked in comfortably safe rural seats. Despite taking six seats off Labor, the Liberals only won 13 seats in Adelaide. As a result, despite winning a margin that would have been large enough for a strong majority government in the rest of Australia, the Liberals won only 25 seats, a bare majority of two.

Tonkin survived for only one term before the [[early 1980s recession]] resulted in him narrowly losing the [[1982 South Australian state election|1982 election]] to Labor under [[John Bannon]].

====Opposition (1982–1993)====
[[John Olsen]] succeeded Tonkin as leader in 1982, and led the Liberals to defeats at the [[1985 South Australian state election|1985]] and [[1989 South Australian state election|1989]]. In the latter, the Liberals won a bare majority of the two-party vote. However, much of that majority was wasted on landslides in their rural heartland, allowing Labor to eke out a two-seat majority.

Olsen resigned to take up a Senate seat soon afterward, and was succeeded by [[Dale Baker]]. By 1992, however, Baker had been unable to gain much ground on Labor despite festering anger over its handling of the collapse of the [[BankSA|State Bank of South Australia]]. Baker resigned as leader and called for a spill of all leadership positions. Olsen resigned from the Senate soon afterward, and Baker intended to hand the leadership back to Olsen as soon as Olsen was safely back in the legislature. This gambit backfired, however, former Tonkin minister [[Dean Brown]], returned to politics after a seven-year absence. Olsen, like Baker, was from the conservative wing of the party, while Brown was from the moderate wing. Brown narrowly defeated Olsen in the leadership vote.

====Brown and Olsen Governments (1993–2002)====
{{expand section|date=April 2020}}
The Liberals went into the [[1993 South Australian state election|1993 election]] as unbackable favourites. At that election, Brown won one of the most comprehensive state-level victories since Federation, taking 37 seats on 60.9 percent of the two-party vote and a swing of almost nine percent–in all three cases, the largest on record in South Australia. Along the way, the Liberals won all but nine seats in Adelaide, a city where they had been all but nonexistent even after adopting the Liberal banner.

These figures led to talk of a generation of Liberal government in South Australia, much as the 1970s had been considered a "Dunstan Decade." However, Brown was unable to rein in the factional battles in his large party room. By late 1996, the Liberals' poll numbers had tailed off markedly less than a year before a statutory general election. This led two of Brown's fellow moderates, [[Joan Hall]] and [[Graham Ingerson]], to throw their support to Olsen, which was enough for Olsen to defeat Brown in a leadership spill.

At the [[1997 South Australian state election|1997 state election]], the Liberals withstood a swing slightly larger than the one that swept them to power four years earlier, this time 9.4 percent. However, they only lost 11 seats, allowing Olsen to cling to power with a minority government supported by conservative crossbenchers.

Olsen was forced to resign in 2001 after a finding that he had [[to mislead parliament|misled the House]] about the [[Motorola affair]]. He was succeeded by Deputy Premier [[Rob Kerin]].

====Opposition (2002–2018)====
{{expand section|date=January 2020}}
Kerin only held office for three months before leading the Liberals into a statutory general election in [[2002 South Australian state election|2002]]. The Liberals lost two seats to Labor, but won a paper-thin majority of the two-party vote. The balance of power rested with four conservative crossbenchers. They unexpectedly announced their support for Labor, making Labor leader [[Mike Rann]] premier-designate by one seat. However, Kerin announced that he still had a mandate to govern based on winning the two-party vote. He insisted that he would not resign unless Rann demonstrated he had support on the House floor to govern. Three weeks of deadlock ended in March, when Kerin called a confidence motion in his own government. He lost, and stood down in favour of Rann.

Kerin resigned as leader following a landslide loss in [[2006 South Australian state election|2006]]. Factional battles resulted in three leaders in less than three years–[[Iain Evans]], [[Martin Hamilton-Smith]] and the party's first female leader, [[Isobel Redmond]].

The last serving parliamentarian from the LCL era, [[Graham Gunn]], retired in 2010; he had been elected in [[1970 South Australian state election|1970]], the next-to-last election that the party fought under the LCL banner.

On 4 February 2013, [[Steven Marshall]] was elected unopposed as Liberal leader. [[Vickie Chapman]] was elected as deputy leader after a contest with former party leader [[Iain Evans]].<ref name=marshall2013/><ref>{{cite news|last=Wills, Novak, Crouch |first=Daniel, Lauren, Brad|title=Steven Marshall and Vickie Chapman to lead SA Liberal Party|url=https://www.adelaidenow.com/news/south-australia/vickie-chapman-likely-to-contest-deputy-liberal-leadership-against-iain-evans/story-e6frea83-1226567416567|newspaper=The Advertiser|date=4 February 2013}}</ref>

At the [[2014 South Australian state election|2014 election]], under Stephen Marshall's leadership the Liberals won a total 22 seats and 53% of Two-party-preferred vote against the Labor Party but failed to formed a minority government with the two independents who were elected.

====Marshall Government (2018–2022)====
{{expand section|date=June 2020}}
<!--Ministerial scandals, Chapman, Lost government-->
At the [[2018 South Australian state election|2018 election]], Stephen Marshall led the Liberals to victory after winning 25 seats, despite a swing against it and the Labor Party, following the newly created [[Centrism|centralist party]] [[SA-Best|SA Best]] led by [[Nick Xenophon]] contesting 36 of the 47 seats. It was the first time since 2002 that the non-Labor side in South Australia had won the most seats while also winning a majority of the Two-party-preferred vote. At 2002 election the Liberal party won 20 seats whilst 3 independents and one Nationals were also elected. The Marshall government was defeated after one term at the [[2022 South Australian state election|2022 election]] after winning only 16 seats out of the total of 47. The Two-party-preferred vote had dropped to 45.41% after a swing against of 6.52%.

====Opposition (2022–present)====
Following the election defeat at the [[2022 South Australian state election|2022 state election]], Marshall resigned as leader of the party. In April 2022, [[David Speirs]] was elected as party leader, securing 18 votes compared to [[Josh Teague]]'s five and [[Nick McBride]]'s one.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-04-19/sa-liberals-elect-david-speirs-as-new-leader/100998430|title=SA Liberals elect former environment minister David Speirs as new party leader|publisher=ABC News|date=19 April 2022}}</ref> [[John Gardner (Australian politician)|John Gardner]] was elected as deputy party leader.

David Speirs resigned as Liberal leader on the 8th of August, 2024, announcing that "I don't have the energy to fight for a leadership that quite frankly in the current circumstances I just don't want to pursue any more."<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-08-08 |title='I've just had a gutful': SA's opposition leader quits Liberal leadership |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-08-08/opposition-leader-david-speirs-resigns-as-liberal-leader/104200852 |access-date=2024-08-19 |work=ABC News |language=en-AU}}</ref> His successor, Vincent Tarzia, MP for Hartley, was elected leader on August 12th, defeating fellow Moderate Josh Teague by 18 votes to four.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-08-11 |title=SA Liberal Party elects Vincent Tarzia as new leader to replace David Speirs |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-08-12/sa-liberals-elect-new-leader-david-speirs-resignation/104211328 |access-date=2024-08-19 |work=ABC News |language=en-AU}}</ref> On August 19th, Tarzia unveiled his new cabinet.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-08-19 |title=New Liberal leader reveals reshuffle - InDaily |url=https://www.indaily.com.au/news/politics/2024/08/19/new-liberal-leader-reveals-reshuffle |access-date=2024-08-19 |website=www.indaily.com.au |language=en}}</ref>

===Ideology divisions===
In the 1990s and 2000s, ongoing division continued based on both ideologies and personalities, with sides forming between the moderate [[Ted Chapman|Chapman]] and conservative [[Stan Evans|Evans]] [[Political families of Australia|family dynasties]], complicated further by the moderate [[Dean Brown|Brown]] and conservative [[John Olsen|Olsen]] rifts.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.adelaidenow.com.au/news/south-australia/south-australias-10-most-poisonous-political-feuds/story-fni6uo1m-1226925898128 |title=South Australia's 10 most poisonous political feuds |work=The Advertiser|location=Adelaide |date=21 May 2014 |access-date=10 August 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/stateline/sa/content/2006/s1602037.htm |title=Can Liberals heal rifts? |publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation |date=24 March 2006 |access-date=10 August 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.adelaidenow.com/news/south-australia/senior-sa-liberal-iain-evans-quits-frontbench-to-leave-politics-within-12-months/story-fni6uo1m-1226945797868 |title=Senior SA Liberal Iain Evans quits frontbench, to leave politics within 12 months |work=The Advertiser|location=Adelaide |access-date=10 August 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-10-30/departing-liberal-iain-evans-takes-final-swipe/5855740 |title=Departing SA Liberal Iain Evans takes final swipe at parliamentary colleagues |publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation |date=30 October 2014 |access-date=10 August 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=John Spoehr |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8bneUAjYBjgC |title=State of South Australia: From Crisis to Prosperity? |publisher=Wakefield Press |year=2009 |access-date=10 August 2016|isbn = 9781862548657}}</ref>

==Party leaders==
{{Infobox official post
| post = Leader
| body = the Liberal Party
| image =
| imagesize = 
| alt = 
| incumbent = [[Vincent Tarzia]]
| acting = 
| incumbentsince = [[2024 South Australian Liberal Party leadership election|12 August 2024]]
| department = 
| style = 
| type = 
| status = 
| abbreviation = 
| member_of = 
| reports_to = 
| residence = 
| seat = 
| nominator = 
| appointer = 
| appointer_qualified = 
| termlength = No fixed term
| termlength_qualified = 
| constituting_instrument = 
| precursor = 
| formation = 9 June 1932
| inaugural = [[Richard Layton Butler]]
| first = 
| last = 
| abolished = 
| succession = 
| unofficial_names = 
| deputy = [[John Gardner (Australian politician)|John Gardner]]
| salary = 
| website = {{url|https://saliberal.org.au/team/david-speirs}}
}}

Since the 1970s, five parliamentary Liberal leaders have served as [[Premier of South Australia]]: [[David Tonkin]] (1979–1982), [[Dean Brown]] (1993–1996), [[John Olsen]] (1996–2001), [[Rob Kerin]] (2001–2002) and [[Steven Marshall]] (2018–2022).
All leaders have served as Leader of the Opposition.

===Leader===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Party leader!!class=unsortable|Assumed office!!class=unsortable|Left office!!Premier!!Reason for departure
|-
| [[Richard Layton Butler]] || 9 June 1932 || 3 November 1938 || 1932–1938 || Resigned to contest the [[1938 Wakefield by-election|1938 Wakefield federal by-election]]
|-
| Sir [[Thomas Playford IV|Tom Playford]] || 3 November 1938 || 13 July 1966 || 1938–1965 || Resigned after [[1965 South Australian state election|1965 election]] loss
|-
| [[Steele Hall]] || 13 July 1966 || 15 March 1972 || 1968–1970 || Resigned
|-
| [[Bruce Eastick]] || 15 March 1972 || 24 July 1975 || || Resigned following party room challenge from Tonkin, after [[1975 South Australian state election|1975 election]] loss
|-
| [[David Tonkin]] || 24 July 1975 || 10 November 1982 || 1979–1982 || Resigned after [[1982 South Australian state election|1982 election]] loss
|-
| [[John Olsen]] || 10 November 1982 || 12 January 1990 || || Resigned after [[1989 South Australian state election|1989 election]] loss
|-
| [[Dale Baker]] || 12 January 1990 || 11 May 1992 || || Resigned, endorsed Olsen to succeed him
|-
| [[Dean Brown]] || 11 May 1992 || 28 November 1996 || 1993–1996 || Lost party room challenge to Olsen
|-
| [[John Olsen]] || 28 November 1996 || 22 October 2001 || 1996–2001 || Resigned as premier due to [[Motorola affair]]
|-
| [[Rob Kerin]] || 22 October 2001 || 29 March 2006 || 2001–2002 || Resigned after [[2006 South Australian state election|2006 election]] loss
|-
| [[Iain Evans]] || 29 March 2006 || 12 April 2007 || || Lost party room challenge to Hamilton-Smith
|-
| [[Martin Hamilton-Smith]] || 12 April 2007 || 8 July 2009 || || Resigned following unsatisfying party room vote for his leadership.
|-
| [[Isobel Redmond]] || 8 July 2009 || 31 January 2013 || || Resigned
|-
| [[Steven Marshall]] || 4 February 2013 || 19 April 2022 || 2018–2022 ||Resigned after [[2022 South Australian state election|2022 election]] loss
|-
| [[David Speirs]] || [[2022 Liberal Party of Australia (South Australian Division) leadership election|19 April 2022]] || 8 August 2024 || || Resigned
|-
| [[Vincent Tarzia]]|| [[2024 South Australian Liberal Party leadership election|12 August 2024]]||  || ||
|}

===Deputy Leader===
The deputy leader usually serves as Deputy Premier while the Liberal Party is in government. This list includes leaders of the LCL.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Party deputy leader!! class="unsortable" |Assumed office!! class="unsortable" |Left office!!Deputy Premier
|-
|[[Glen Pearson (Australian politician)|Sir Glen Pearson]]
|15 March 1965
|2 June 1970
|
|-
|[[Robin Millhouse]]
|2 June 1970
|19 March 1973
|
|-
|[[John Coumbe]]
|19 March 1973
|24 July 1975
|
|-
| [[Roger Goldsworthy (politician)|Roger Goldsworthy]] || 24 July 1975 || 12 January 1990 || 1979–1982 
|-
| [[Stephen Baker (Australian politician)|Stephen Baker]] || 12 January 1990 || 28 November 1996 || 1993–1996 
|-
| [[Graham Ingerson]] || 28 November 1996 || 7 July 1998 || 1996–1998 
|-
| [[Rob Kerin]] || 7 July 1998 || 22 October 2001 || 1998–2001
|-
| [[Dean Brown]] || 22 October 2001 || 21 November 2005 || 2001–2002 
|-
| [[Iain Evans]] || 21 November 2005 || 30 March 2006 ||
|-
| [[Vickie Chapman]] || 30 March 2006 || 4 July 2009 ||
|-
| [[Isobel Redmond]] || 4 July 2009 || 8 July 2009 ||
|-
| [[Steven Griffiths]] || 8 July 2009 || 30 March 2010 ||
|-
| [[Martin Hamilton-Smith]] || 30 March 2010 || 6 April 2010 ||
|-
| [[Mitch Williams (politician)|Mitch Williams]] || 6 April 2010 || 23 October 2012 ||
|-
| [[Steven Marshall]] || 23 October 2012 || 4 February 2013 ||
|-
| Vickie Chapman || 4 February 2013 || 25 November 2021 || 2018–2021
|-
| [[Dan van Holst Pellekaan]] || 25 November 2021 || 19 April 2022 || 2021–2022 
|-
| [[John Gardner (Australian politician)|John Gardner]] || 19 April 2022 || present ||
|}

==Current federal parliamentarians==
===Representatives===
* [[Rowan Ramsey]] – [[Division of Grey|Grey]] MP since 2007
* [[Tony Pasin]] – [[Division of Barker|Barker]] MP since 2013
* [[James Stevens (Australian politician)|James Stevens]] – [[Division of Sturt|Sturt]] MP since 2019

===Senators===
* [[Simon Birmingham]] – Senator since 2008
* [[David Fawcett]] – Senator since 2011
* [[Anne Ruston]] – Senator since 2012
* [[Alex Antic]] – Senator since 2019
* [[Andrew McLachlan]] – Senator since 2020

==State election results==

The [[Playmander]] began in 1936 and ended after 1968. [[Compulsory voting]] was introduced since the [[1944 South Australian state election|1944 election]].
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Election
! Seats won
! ±
! Total votes
! ''' %'''
! Position
! Leader
|-
![[1933 South Australian state election|1933]]
| {{Composition bar|29|46|hex={{party color|Liberal and Country League}}}}
| 
| '''60,159'''
| '''34.6%'''
| style="background:#cfc;"|Majority government
| [[Richard Layton Butler|Richard L. Butler]]
|-
![[1938 South Australian state election|1938]]
| {{Composition bar|15|39|hex={{party color|Liberal and Country League}}}}
| {{decrease}}14
| '''72,998'''
| '''33.4%'''
| style="background:#ccf;"|Minority government
| [[Richard Layton Butler|Richard L. Butler]]
|-
![[1941 South Australian state election|1941]]
| {{Composition bar|20|39|hex={{party color|Liberal and Country League}}}}
| {{increase}}5
| '''63,317'''
| '''37.6%'''
| style="background:#cfc;"|Majority government
| [[Thomas Playford IV|Tom Playford]]
|-
![[1944 South Australian state election|1944]]
| {{Composition bar|20|39|hex={{party color|Liberal and Country League}}}}
| {{steady}}0
| '''113,536'''
| '''45.8%'''
| style="background:#cfc;"|Majority government
| [[Thomas Playford IV|Tom Playford]]
|-
![[1947 South Australian state election|1947]]
| {{Composition bar|23|39|hex={{party color|Liberal and Country League}}}}
| {{increase}}3
| '''111,216'''
| '''40.4%'''
| style="background:#cfc;"|Majority government
| [[Thomas Playford IV|Tom Playford]]
|-
![[1950 South Australian state election|1950]]
| {{Composition bar|23|39|hex={{party color|Liberal and Country League}}}}
| {{steady}}0
| '''113,673'''
| '''40.5%'''
| style="background:#cfc;"|Majority government
| [[Thomas Playford IV|Tom Playford]]
|-
![[1953 South Australian state election|1953]]
| {{Composition bar|21|39|hex={{party color|Liberal and Country League}}}}
| {{decrease}}2
| '''119,106'''
| '''36.5%'''
| style="background:#cfc;"|Majority government
| [[Thomas Playford IV|Tom Playford]]
|-
![[1956 South Australian state election|1956]]
| {{Composition bar|21|39|hex={{party color|Liberal and Country League}}}}
| {{steady}}0
| '''100,569'''
| '''36.7%'''
| style="background:#cfc;"|Majority government
| [[Thomas Playford IV|Tom Playford]]
|-
![[1959 South Australian state election|1959]]
| {{Composition bar|20|39|hex={{party color|Liberal and Country League}}}}
| {{decrease}}1
| '''143,710'''
| '''37.0%'''
| style="background:#cfc;"|Majority government
| [[Thomas Playford IV|Tom Playford]]
|-
![[1962 South Australian state election|1962]]
| {{Composition bar|18|39|hex={{party color|Liberal and Country League}}}}
| {{decrease}}2
| '''140,507'''
| '''34.5%'''
| style="background:#ccf;"|Minority government
| [[Thomas Playford IV|Tom Playford]]
|-
![[1965 South Australian state election|1965]]
| {{Composition bar|17|39|hex={{party color|Liberal and Country League}}}}
| {{decrease}}1
| 179,183
| 35.9%
| style="background:#fcc;"|Opposition
| [[Thomas Playford IV|Tom Playford]]
|-
![[1968 South Australian state election|1968]]
| {{Composition bar|19|39|hex={{party color|Liberal and Country League}}}}
| {{increase}}2
| '''246,560'''
| '''43.8%'''
| style="background:#ccf;"|Minority government
| [[Steele Hall]]
|-
![[1970 South Australian state election|1970]]
| {{Composition bar|20|47|hex={{party color|Liberal and Country League}}}}
| {{increase}}1
| 258,856
| 43.8%
| style="background:#fcc;"|Opposition
| [[Steele Hall]]
|-
![[1973 South Australian state election|1973]]
| {{Composition bar|20|47|hex={{party color|Liberal and Country League}}}}
| {{steady}}0
| 250,312
| 39.8%
| style="background:#fcc;"|Opposition
| [[Bruce Eastick]]
|-
![[1975 South Australian state election|1975]]
| {{Composition bar|20|47|hex={{party color|Liberal Party of Australia}}}}
| {{steady}}0
| 218,820
| 31.5%
| style="background:#fcc;"|Opposition
| [[Bruce Eastick]]
|-
![[1977 South Australian state election|1977]]
| {{Composition bar|17|47|hex={{party color|Liberal Party of Australia}}}}
| {{decrease}}3
| 306,356
| 41.2%
| style="background:#fcc;"|Opposition
| [[David Tonkin]]
|-
![[1979 South Australian state election|1979]]
| {{Composition bar|24|47|hex={{party color|Liberal Party of Australia}}}}
| {{increase}}7
| '''352,343'''
| '''47.9%'''
| style="background:#cfc;"|Majority government
| [[David Tonkin]]
|-
![[1982 South Australian state election|1982]]
| {{Composition bar|21|47|hex={{party color|Liberal Party of Australia}}}}
| {{decrease}}3
| 326,372
| 42.7%
| style="background:#fcc;"|Opposition
| [[David Tonkin]]
|-
![[1985 South Australian state election|1985]]
| {{Composition bar|16|47|hex={{party color|Liberal Party of Australia}}}}
| {{decrease}}5
| 344,337
| 42.2%
| style="background:#fcc;"|Opposition
| [[John Olsen]]
|-
![[1989 South Australian state election|1989]]
| {{Composition bar|22|47|hex={{party color|Liberal Party of Australia}}}}
| {{increase}}6
| 381,834
| 44.2%
| style="background:#fcc;"|Opposition
| [[John Olsen]]
|-
![[1993 South Australian state election|1993]]
| {{Composition bar|37|47|hex={{party color|Liberal Party of Australia}}}}
| {{increase}}15
| '''481,623'''
| '''52.8%'''
| style="background:#cfc;"|Majority government
| [[Dean Brown]]
|-
![[1997 South Australian state election|1997]]
| {{Composition bar|23|47|hex={{party color|Liberal Party of Australia}}}}
| {{decrease}}14
| '''359,509'''
| '''40.4%'''
| style="background:#ccf;"|Minority government
| [[John Olsen]]
|-
![[2002 South Australian state election|2002]]
| {{Composition bar|20|47|hex={{party color|Liberal Party of Australia}}}}
| {{decrease}}3
| 378,929
| 39.9%
| style="background:#fcc;"|Opposition
| [[Rob Kerin]]
|-
![[2006 South Australian state election|2006]]
| {{Composition bar|15|47|hex={{party color|Liberal Party of Australia}}}}
| {{decrease}}5
| 319,041
| 34.0%
| style="background:#fcc;"|Opposition
| [[Rob Kerin]]
|-
![[2010 South Australian state election|2010]]
| {{Composition bar|18|47|hex={{party color|Liberal Party of Australia}}}}
| {{increase}}3
| 408,482
| 41.7%
| style="background:#fcc;"|Opposition
| [[Isobel Redmond]]
|-
![[2014 South Australian state election|2014]]
| {{Composition bar|22|47|hex={{party color|Liberal Party of Australia}}}}
| {{increase}}4
| 455,797
| 44.8%
| style="background:#fcc;"|Opposition
| [[Steven Marshall]]  
|-
![[2018 South Australian state election|2018]]
| {{Composition bar|25|47|hex={{party color|Liberal Party of Australia}}}}
| {{increase}}3
| '''398,182'''
| '''38.0%'''
| style="background:#cfc;"|Majority government
| [[Steven Marshall]]
|-
![[2022 South Australian state election|2022]]
|{{Composition bar|16|47|hex={{party color|Liberal Party of Australia}}}}
|{{decrease}}9
|389,059
|35.7%
| style="background:#fcc;"|Opposition
| [[Steven Marshall]]
|}

==See also==
* [[Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 2018–2022]]
* [[Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 2018–2022]]
* [[Australian Labor Party (South Australian Branch)]]
* [[Playmander]], the 1936–1968 electoral malapportionment
* [[2018 South Australian state election]]
* [[2022 South Australian state election]]
* [[List of elections in South Australia]]

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Liberal Party of Australia}}
{{Leaders of the Liberal Party of Australia (SA division)}}
{{SACurrentMHAs}}
{{SACurrentMLCs}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Liberal Party Of Australia (South Australian Division)}}
[[Category:Liberal Party of Australia|South Australia]]
[[Category:Political parties in South Australia]]
[[Category:1974 establishments in Australia]]
[[Category:Political parties established in 1974]]