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{{Redirect|Pinter}}
{{Infobox writer
| name        = Harold Pinter
| image       = <!--:HaroldPinter.jpg--><!--See infobox image policy for guidelines-->
| imagesize   = 200 px
| caption     = At the [[British Library]] in 2004
| pseudonym  = Harold Pinta, David Baron ([[stage name]])
| birthdate   = {{birth date|1930|10|10|df=y}}
| birthplace  = [[Metropolitan Borough of Hackney|Hackney]], [[East London, England]]
| deathdate = {{death date and age|2008|12|24|1930|10|10|df=yes}}
| deathplace =  [[West London]], England
| nationality = [[British nationality law#British citizenship by birth in the United Kingdom|British]]
| citizenship = [[British nationality law#British citizenship by birth in the United Kingdom|British]]
| education   = [[Grammar school]]
| alma_mater  = [[Hackney Downs School]] (1944–1948)
| spouse      = [[Vivien Merchant]] (1956–1980)<br />[[Antonia Fraser]] (1980–2008)
| children    = one son with Merchant<br />six stepchildren with Fraser
| occupation  = [[Playwright]], [[screenwriter]], [[actor]], [[Theatre director|director]], [[poet]], [[author]], [[political activist]]
| genre       = [[Drama]], [[screenplay]], [[poetry]], [[fiction]], [[essay]]
| notableworks= ''[[The Birthday Party (play)|The Birthday Party]]'', ''[[The Caretaker]]'', ''[[The Homecoming]]'', ''[[Betrayal (play)|Betrayal]]''<br />''[[The Servant (film)|The Servant]]'', ''[[The Go-Between (film)|The Go-Between]]'', ''[[The French Lieutenant's Woman (film)|The French Lieutenant's Woman]]'', ''[[The Trial (1993 film)|The Trial]]'', ''[[Sleuth (2007 film)|Sleuth]]''<br />''[[Art, Truth and Politics]]''
| period      = 1947–2008
| influences  = [[Samuel Beckett]], [[Luis Buñuel]], [[T. S. Eliot]], [[W. S. Graham]], [[Ernest Hemingway]], [[Franz Kafka]], [[Philip Larkin]], [[Wilfred Owen]], [[Marcel Proust]], [[William Shakespeare]], [[W. B. Yeats]]; Russian, French, and American [[Film|cinema]] of the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s; [[Surrealism]]
| influenced  = [[Jez Butterworth]], [[Caryl Churchill]], [[Martin Crimp]], [[Ariel Dorfman]], [[Michael Frayn]], [[David Mamet]], [[Patrick Marber]], [[Martin McDonagh]], [[Sam Shepard]], [[Václav Havel]]
| awards      = [[David Cohen Prize]] (1995)<br />[[Laurence Olivier Awards|Laurence Olivier Award]] (1996)<br />[[Order of the Companions of Honour|Companion of Honour]] (2002)<br />[[Nobel Prize in Literature]] (2005)<br />[[Légion d'honneur]] (2007)
| website     = {{URL|http://www.haroldpinter.org/}}
| portaldisp  = y
}}

'''Harold Pinter''', [[Companion of Honour|CH]], [[Order of the British Empire|CBE]] (10 October 1930 – 24 December 2008), was an [[English people|English]] [[playwright]], [[screenwriter]], actor, [[Theatre director|director]], poet, author, [[political activist]], and the 2005 [[List of Nobel Laureates in Literature|Nobel Laureate in Literature]]. At the time of his death, he was considered by many "the most influential and imitated dramatist of his generation" and "one of the most influential [[British nationality law#British citizenship by birth in the United Kingdom|British]] playwrights of modern times."<ref name=Obits>''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]'' obituary, [http://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/26/theater/26pinter.html?_r=1&hp "Harold Pinter, Playwright of the Pause, Dies at 78"], by Gussow and Brantley, and the obituary published in the ''[[The Daily Telegraph|Telegraph]]'', entitled [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/culturenews/3949591/Harold-Pinter-one-of-the-most-influential-British-playwrights-of-modern-times.html "Harold Pinter: One of the Most Influential British Playwrights of Modern Times"]; [[cf.]] Adams; Billington's ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]'' obituary, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/culture/2008/dec/25/pinter-theatre "Harold Pinter"]; and Dodds.  These and other critical appraisals of Pinter's cultural influence, accounts of his death and funeral, and memorial tributes, are listed in [[Bibliography for Harold Pinter#Obituaries and related articles|Obituaries and related articles]].</ref>

After publishing poetry and acting in school plays as a teenager in London, Pinter began his professional theatrical career in 1951–1952, touring throughout Ireland,<ref name=Mac>See Pinter's memoir of this experience, his tribute to Irish actor and stage impresario Anew (Mac) McMaster, in "Mac", ''Various Voices'' (2008) 36–43. [[Cf.]] Niall Mathews, [http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/letters/2008/0707/1215207500324.html "Anew McMaster, Actor and Impresario"], ''irishtimes.com'', Letter to the Editor, [[The Irish Times]], 7 July 2008, [[World Wide Web|Web]], 22 June 2009.</ref> and, in 1954, began acting in regional [[repertory]] companies throughout England, using the stage name '''David Baron''' for five  years.<ref name=Batty>[http://www.haroldpinter.org/acting/index.shtml "Acting"] and [http://www.haroldpinter.org/directing/index.shtml "Directing"] sections of ''HaroldPinter.org'', compiled by Mark Batty, provide details of Pinter's extensive career as an actor and director.</ref><ref name=RansomCollBio>[[Cf.]] "Biographical Sketch" (1999), in ''[http://research.hrc.utexas.edu:8080/hrcxtf/view?docId=ead/00108.xml Harold Pinter: An Inventory of His Collection at the Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center]'' (1960–1980), [[Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center]], [[University of Texas at Austin]].</ref>  Beginning with his first play, ''[[The Room (play)|The Room]]'' (1957), Pinter's writing career spanned over 60 years and produced 29 original stage plays, 27 screenplays, many dramatic sketches, radio and TV plays, poetry, one novel, short fiction, essays, speeches, and letters.  His best-known works include the plays ''[[The Birthday Party (play)|The Birthday Party]]'' (1957), ''[[The Caretaker]]'' (1959), ''[[The Homecoming]]'' (1964), and ''[[Betrayal (play)|Betrayal]]'' (1978), each of which he adapted to film, and his screenplay adaptations of others' works, such as ''[[The Servant (film)|The Servant]]'' (1963), ''[[The Go-Between (film)|The Go-Between]]'' (1970), ''[[The French Lieutenant's Woman (film)|The French Lieutenant's Woman]]'' (1981), ''[[The Trial (1993 film)|The Trial]]'' (1993), and ''[[Sleuth (2007 film)|Sleuth]]'' (2007).  He directed almost 50 stage, television, and film productions and acted extensively in radio, stage, television, and film productions of his own and others' works.<ref name=Batty/>  Despite frail health after being diagnosed with [[Esophageal cancer|oesophageal cancer]] in December 2001,<ref name=Billingtonwritten>See Billington,[http://www.guardian.co.uk/stage/2006/mar/14/theatre.stage "&nbsp;'I've written 29 damn plays.  Isn't that enough?'&nbsp;"]; [[cf.]] Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' 395.</ref><ref name=Lyall>[[Cf.]] Lyall, [http://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/07/movies/07lyal.html "Still Pinteresque"].</ref> Pinter continued to act on stage and screen, last performing the title role in a critically acclaimed stage production of [[Samuel Beckett]]'s one-act monologue ''[[Krapp's Last Tape#Harold Pinter|Krapp's Last Tape]]'' for the 50th anniversary season of the [[Royal Court Theatre]], in October 2006.<ref name=Obits/>

Pinter's dramas often involve strong conflicts among ambivalent characters who struggle for verbal and territorial dominance and for their own versions of the past; stylistically, these works are marked by theatrical pauses and silences, comedic timing, irony, and menace.<ref name=BNBMG>See [[#Bio-bibliography|"Biobibliographical Notes"]] (including secondary sources of works cited in its attached bibliography); Billington, ''Harold Pinter''; Merritt, ''Pinter in Play''; and Grimes.</ref>  Thematically ambiguous, they raise complex issues of individual identity oppressed by social forces, language, and vicissitudes of memory.<ref name=BillingtonETP>Billington, Introd., "Pinter: Passion, Poetry, Politics," ''Europe Theatre Prize–X Edition'', [[Turin]], 10–12 Mar. 2006.  [[Cf.]] Billington, "Memory Man" and "&nbsp;'Let's Keep Fighting'&nbsp;" (chap. 29 and "''Afterword''"), ''Harold Pinter'' 388–94 & 395–430, resp.</ref>  In 1981, after a brief talk at the [[University of East Anglia]], Pinter stated that he was not inclined to write plays explicitly about political subjects ([[political theatre]]); yet in the mid-1980s he began writing overtly political plays, reflecting his own heightening political interests and changes in his personal life. This "new direction" in his work and his [[Left-wing politics|left-wing]] political activism stimulated additional critical debate about Pinter's politics.<ref name=MBG>Merritt, ''Pinter in Play'' xi–xxv, 170–209, 174–75; Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' 286–338; and Grimes 19.</ref>  Pinter, his work, and his politics have been the subject of voluminous critical commentary.<ref name=BNBMG/>

In addition to the [[Nobel Prize in Literature]] and the French [[Légion d'honneur]], Pinter received 20 [[honorary degree]]s and numerous other prizes and awards.  Academic institutions and performing arts organizations have devoted symposia, festivals, and celebrations to him and his work, in recognition of his cultural influence and achievements across genres and media. In its own "Biobibliographical Notes" on Pinter, pertaining to his controversial Nobel Prize, the [[Swedish Academy]] states that he is "generally regarded as the foremost representative of British drama in the second half of the 20th century," adding: "That he occupies a position as a modern classic is illustrated by his name entering the language as an adjective used to describe a particular atmosphere and environment in drama: '[[Characteristics of Harold Pinter's work#"Pinteresque"|Pinteresque]]'&nbsp;"<ref name=BBN>See [[#Bio-bibliography|"Biobibliographical Notes"]], a section of the "Bio-bibliography" for "Harold Pinter, Nobel Prize in Literature 2005."</ref>—a word he detested and found meaningless.<ref name=BenskyGussowWark>See Bensky; Gussow, ''Conversations''; and Wark's [http://news.bbc.co.uk/nolavconsole/ukfs_news/hi/newsid_4780000/newsid_4785400/nb_rm_4785475.stm interview] of Pinter televised on ''[[Newsnight|Newsnight Review]]'' on 23 June 2006.</ref>  On 24 December 2008, he died from [[liver cancer#Secondary liver cancer|liver cancer]] and was buried the following week at [[Kensal Green Cemetery]], in [[North West London]].<ref name=Funeral>See Billington, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/culture/2009/jan/01/pinter-theatre "Goodnight, Sweet Prince"], [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/arts_and_culture/7805812.stm "Friends"], and Jamieson, [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/culturenews/3949147/Nobel-Laureate-playwright-Harold-Pinter-dies.html "Nobel Laureate Playwright Harold Pinter Dies"], as listed in [[Bibliography for Harold Pinter#Obituaries and related articles|Obituaries and related articles]].</ref>

==Biography==
===Early life and education===
Pinter was born on 10 October 1930, in [[Metropolitan Borough of Hackney|Hackney]], [[East London, England]], to "very respectable, [[Jew]]ish, [[Middle class|lower middle class]]," native English parents of [[Eastern Europe|Eastern-European]] ancestry; his father, Jack Pinter (1902–1997), was a tailor of ladies' apparel, and his mother, Frances (née Moskowitz; 1904–1992), was admired for keeping a fastidious home and for her cooking.<ref name=GussowConv103>Harold Pinter, qtd. in Gussow, ''Conversations with Pinter'' 103; Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' 1–2.</ref> [[Michael Billington (critic)|Michael Billington]], Pinter's authorised biographer, corrects previous misinformation first published by [[Martin Esslin]], stating that Pinter's family background was [[Portuguese people|Portuguese]].  Pinter had believed an aunt's view that the family fled the [[Spanish Inquisition]]; thus, in first publishing his poems in ''Poetry London'', Pinter used the pseudonym ''Pinta'' and at other times used variations such as ''[[Pinto#People|Pinto]]'', or ''da Pinto'' (1–5).<ref name=Background>See Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' on Pinter's earliest poetry and short prose (29–35), his acting in school plays as a teenager (13–14), and his David Baron years (3, 47–48ff.).</ref> Antonia Fraser's research cited by Billington, however, revealed such family legend to be apocryphal and that he was actually of [[Eastern Europe]]an descent, by documenting that "three of Pinter's grandparents hail from [[Poland]] and one from [[Odessa]], making them [[Ashkenazi Jews|Ashkenazic]] rather than [[Sephardi Jews|Sephardic]] Jews" (''Harold Pinter'' 1–5).<ref name=JewishBackground>For some widely-divergent accounts of the impact and significance of Pinter's Jewish background, of his "rejection" of it, and of his (inherited) "religious [[Skepticism|scepticism]]" and [[secularism]] on his life and work, see Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' 2, 40–41, 53–54, 79–81, 163–64, 177, 286, 390, 429 (as listed in [[Bibliography for Harold Pinter#Official authorised biography|Official authorised biography]]) and Woolf (as listed in [[Bibliography for Harold Pinter#Other secondary sources|Other secondary sources]] and as qtd. in Merritt, "Talking about Pinter" 144–45, also listed there); and Alderman and H. Jacobson (as listed in [[Bibliography for Harold Pinter#Obituaries and related articles|Obituaries and related articles]]).</ref>  He was [[Evacuations of civilians in Britain during World War II|evacuated]] from the family home at 19 Thistlewaite Road, "a solid, red-brick, three-storey villa just off the noisy, bustling, traffic-ridden thoroughfare of the [[Lower Clapton]] Road" (2), to [[Cornwall]] and [[Reading, Berkshire|Reading]] in 1940 and 1941.  The "life-and-death intensity of daily experience" before and during [[the Blitz]] left Pinter with profound memories "of loneliness, bewilderment, separation and loss: themes that are in all his works" (5–10).<ref name=Johnson>Billington draws upon B. S. Johnson, "Evacuees" (1968; published 1994), which includes Pinter's own account.</ref><ref name=VV2008>See Pinter, ''Various Voices: Sixty Years of Prose, Poetry, Politics 1948–2008'', 3rd ed. (London: [[Faber and Faber|Faber]], 2009): "&nbsp;'Various Voices' is the only collection of Harold Pinter's prose, poems and political writing to span his career.  This new edition includes a remarkable interview in which he reflects on his time as an evacuee in [[Cornwall]] during the [[World War II|Second World War]], as well as new prose, poems and his [[Art, Truth and Politics|Nobel Lecture]]" (back cover).</ref>

Although he was a "solitary" only child, he "discovered his true potential" as a student at [[Hackney Downs School]], the London [[grammar school]] "where Pinter spent the formative years from 1944 to 1948. ... Partly through the school and partly through the social life of Hackney Boys' Club ... he formed an almost sacerdotal belief in the power of male friendship. The friends he made in those days—most particularly [[Henry Woolf]], Michael (Mick) Goldstein and Morris (Moishe) Wernick—have always been a vital part of the emotional texture of his life" (Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' 11; [[cf.]] Woolf).<ref name=Background/>  A major influence on Pinter was his inspirational English teacher, mentor, and friend Joseph Brearley, who directed him in school plays and with whom he took long walks throughout [[London Borough of Hackney|Hackney]], talking about literature.<ref name=JosephBrearly>A special collection of Pinter's correspondence with Brearley is held in [[The Harold Pinter Archive in the British Library]] (Brown, [http://books.guardian.co.uk/news/articles/0,,2225925,00.html "British Library's £1.1m Saves Pinter's Papers for Nation"] and Howard, [http://chronicle.com/news/article/3616/british-library-acquires-pinter-papers "British Library Acquires Pinter Papers"]).  Documenting the importance of Brearley's influence throughout Pinter's life and work, his memorial epistolary poem "Joseph Brearley 1909–1977 (Teacher of English)" appears in Pinter's collection ''Various Voices'' (2008); it ends with the following stanza: "You're gone.  I'm at your side,/Walking with you from [[Clapton Pond]] to [[Finsbury Park]],/And on, and on" (177).</ref>  According to Billington, under Brearley's instruction, "Pinter shone at English, wrote for the school magazine and discovered a gift for acting" (''Harold Pinter'' 10–11).<ref name=Watkins>See also "Introduction by Harold Pinter, ''Nobel Laureate''", 7–9 in '' 'Fortune's Fool': The Man Who Taught Harold Pinter: A Life of Joe Brearley'' (2008), ed. G. L. Watkins.</ref>  He played [[Romeo Montague|Romeo]] and [[Macbeth (Macbeth)|Macbeth]] in 1947 and 1948, in productions directed by Brearley (Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' 13–14).<ref name=Watkins/><ref name=BinnieonRomeo>In [http://britishlibrary.typepad.co.uk/pinter_archive_blog/2009/04/romeo.html "Romeo"], in the [[British Library]] ''Harold Pinter Archive Blog'', Jamie Andrews, curator of [[The Harold Pinter Archive in the British Library]], has reprinted a first-hand account of Pinter's 1948 [[Hackney Downs School]] performance as [[Romeo Montague|Romeo]] sent to him by its author, Binnie Yeates (Yankovitch), a contemporary of Pinter's who acted alongside him in rehearsals and on stage and who was a schoolmate at its sister girls' school, [[Dalston (ward)|Dalston]] County Secondary School (DCSS), which had co-produced the production starring Pinter as Romeo and Betty Lemon as Juliet, directed by Joseph Brearley.<!--Yeates's account is reprinted with her permission from "Harold Pinter Romeo and Juliet – 1948," first published in ''The Clove's Lines: The Newsletter of The Clove Club: The Old Boys of Hackney Downs School'' 3.2 (Mar. 2009): 8.  This issue of ''The Clove's Lines'' contains several other memorial tributes to Pinter, some of which also describe his performance as having "enchanted" or "enthralled" his co-actors and audience; see, e.g., Barry Supple, "Harold Pinter – Some Memories" (6–7) and Terry Baker, "Harold Pinter and the Sports Field" (10), who also recalls Pinter on stage as Romeo and in other roles but focuses more on their mutual rivalry in [[#Sport and friendship|sport]].  As Andrews observes in his introduction to Binnie Yeates's account, in 2007 she "donated a copy of her thesis, as well as production photographs of the 1948 production and the programme (signed by the entire cast) to the British Library," noting that her "Cert. Ed. dissertation on his early work" is entitled "The Weasel under the Cocktail Cabinet."--></ref>  At the age of 12, Pinter began writing poetry, and in Spring 1947, his poetry was first published in the ''Hackney Downs School Magazine'' (Baker and Ross 127).  In the early 1950s "Pinter continued to write poetry and short prose pieces; his poetry was first published [outside the school magazine] in ''[[Poetry London]]'' in [August] 1950 [under Harold Pinter and in November 1950] under the pseudonym Harold Pinta."<ref name=RansomCollBio/><ref name=BakerRosscf>Editorial interpolations within brackets are based on bibliographical information compiled by Baker and Ross 127–28.</ref>  He also especially enjoyed running and broke the Hackney Downs School sprinting record (Gussow, ''Conversations with Pinter'' 28–29).<ref name=Bakerchap1>[[Cf.]] Baker, "Growing Up," chap. 1 of ''Harold Pinter'' 2–23.</ref>

===Sport and friendship===
Pinter was an avid [[cricket]] enthusiast most of his life, taking his cricket bat with him when he was evacuated as a pre-teenager during the Blitz (Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' 7–9; 410). In 1971 he told Gussow: "one of my main obsessions in life is the game of cricket—I play and watch and read about it all the time" (''Conversations with Pinter'' 25). Being Chairman of the Gaieties Cricket Club and a "lifetime support[er] of the [[Yorkshire County Cricket Club|Yorkshire Cricket Club]]" (8), Pinter devoted an entire section of his official website to the sport ("Gaieties Cricket Club").<ref name=Gaieties>The section on the "Gaieties Cricket Club" (hyperlinked as [http://www.haroldpinter.org/cricket/index.shtml "Cricket"]) is directly accessible from the main lefthand menu of the home and index page of ''HaroldPinter.org'', Harold Pinter, 2000–[2009], [[World Wide Web|Web]], 26 Apr. 2009.</ref> One wall of his study was dominated by "A huge portrait of a younger, vigorous Mr. Pinter playing cricket, one of his great passions ... The painted Mr. Pinter, poised to swing his bat, has a wicked glint in his eye; testosterone all but flies off the canvas" (Lyall, "Still Pinteresque" 16 [illus.]).<ref name=Sherwin>In [http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/stage/article5963091.ece "Portrait of Harold Pinter Playing Cricket to Be Sold at Auction"], as published in the ''[[The Times|Times]]'' (24 Mar. 2009), citing "the actor and Pinter's cricketing colleague" Harry Burton, Adam Sherwin reports that the portrait "is to be auctioned before a celebratory game at [[Lord's]]" being planned by Pinter's friends to take place on 27 Sept. 2009 between the Gaieties and the [[Lord's Taverners]] in order "to raise funds for disadvantaged kids in [[London Borough of Hackney|Hackney]]".<!--"A concert with a cast of Pinter's favourite actors reading his poetry and prose ... will follow the cricket match on Nursery Ground at Lord's between the Gaieties and the Lord's Taverners who will be captained by the former England skipper [[Mike Brearley]].  Cricket-loving friends of Pinter, including the actors Sir [[Michael Gambon]] and [[Bill Nighy]], will be invited to take part in the match, as will [[Mike Atherton]], the former England captain and chief cricket correspondent of ''The Times''.  The winner of the portrait auction will be announced once stumps are drawn."--> (For more current information about this memorial event, see [[#Posthumous events (2008–2010)|below]].)</ref><ref name=Upcoming>[http://www.haroldpinter.org/home/index.shtml "Upcoming Events for the Year 2009"], ''HaroldPinter.org'', Harold Pinter, 2000–[2009], [[World Wide Web|Web]], 26 Apr. 2009: The auction is "to raise money for the cricket charity [[Lord's Taverners|The Lords Taverners]]".<!--"An anonymous bidder has opened the bidding at £4,000. … On September 27th 2009 there will be a cricket match on the Nursery at [[Lord's Cricket Ground|Lords]] between Gaieties CC and a Mike Brearley Taverners XI. … The winning bid in the painting auction will be announced at the concert. The proceeds will go towards the Lords Taverners good causes and projects. … The Lord's Taverners mission is to "Give young people, particularly those with special needs, a sporting chance."--> [Includes hyperlinks to a [[JPG]] photograph of the portrait, to the e-mail address for bidding, and to additional information.]  (For further information about Pinter and cricket, see [[#Sport and friendship|above]] and the section dedicated to [http://www.haroldpinter.org/cricket/index.shtml "Cricket"] on Pinter's official website.)</ref><ref name=NewsAtLords>[[Cf.]] [http://www.lordstaverners.org/news.cfm?fullID=70 "News: Win an Exclusive Harold Pinter Portrait"], ''[[Lord's Taverners]]'', Lord's Taverners, 23 Mar. 2009, [[World Wide Web|Web]], 26 Apr. 2009.</ref><!-- Why do we need three footnotes for this proposition.  Can you streamline it at all?--><!--Have streamlined; was doing so before encountered question here in edit mode.-->  As Billington documents, "[[Robert Winder]] observes how even Pinter's passion for cricket was far removed from a jocular, country-house pursuit: 'Harold stands for a different tradition, a more urban and exacting idea of cricket as a bold theatre of aggression'&nbsp;" (''Harold Pinter'' 410).<ref name=Bakerchap1/>  His last interview, conducted by the ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]'''s Andy Bull two months before Pinter's death and published a few days after it, revealed "his childhood love of cricket and why it is better than sex."  After his death, in memorial accounts, several of his [[Hackney Downs School]] contemporaries recalled his achievements and prowess in sports, especially cricket and running (Supple, T. Baker, Watkins).  As part of the [[BBC Radio 4]] memorial tribute, his friend and fellow Gaieties teammate, actor and director [[Harry Burton (actor)|Harry Burton]] presented an essay on Pinter and cricket.<ref name=Burtoncricket>This essay was accessible via "listen again" on the BBC Radio Player for 7 days after its broadcast; "Harold Pinter & Cricket" is linked on his Matahari Films website accessible via [http://www.lordstaverners.org/news.cfm?fullID=70 "Win an Exclusive Harold Pinter Portrait"], ''[[Lord's Taverners]]'', News, 23 Mar. 2009, [[World Wide Web|Web]], 26 Apr. 2009; hyperlinked in [http://www.haroldpinter.org/home/index.shtml "Upcoming Events for the Year 2009"], ''HaroldPinter.org'', Harold Pinter, 2000–[2009], [[World Wide Web|Web]], 26 Apr. 2009.</ref>

Other main loves or interests that he mentioned to Gussow, Billington, and other interviewers (in varying order of priority) are family, love (of women) and sex, drinking, writing, and reading.<ref name=GussowBillMerr>See, e.g. Gussow, ''Conversations with Pinter'' 25–30; Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' 7–16; Merritt, ''Pinter in Play'' 194.</ref> According to Billington, "If the notion of male loyalty, competitive rivalry and fear of betrayal forms a constant thread in Pinter's work from ''[[The Dwarfs (novel)|The Dwarfs]]'' onwards, its origins can be found in his teenage Hackney years. Pinter adores women, enjoys flirting with them, worships their resilience and strength. But, in his early work especially, they are often seen as disruptive influences on some pure, [[Platonic love|Platonic ideal of male friendship]]: one of the most crucial of all Pinter's lost [[Garden of Eden|Edens]]" (''Harold Pinter'' 10–12).<ref name=Woolf2>[[Cf.]] Henry Woolf's reminiscences of his friendship with Pinter as one of the "Hackney gang" in [http://www.guardian.co.uk/stage/2007/jul/12/theatre.haroldpinter "My Sixty Years in Harold's Gang"], published in the ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]'' on 12 July 2007: "As a schoolboy, Harold Pinter took on bullies and fought with fascists. Later, as a playwright, he took on the entire critical establishment. [[Henry Woolf]], who is appearing in a revival of [[The Hothouse]], relives his lifelong friendship with the writer."</ref>

===Early theatrical training and stage experience===
<!--[[:File:PinterDavidBaron.jpg|right|frame|upright|"Harold Pinter Alias David Baron" (1954–1959)]]-->
Beginning in late 1948, Pinter attended the [[Royal Academy of Dramatic Art]] (RADA) for two terms, but hating RADA, he missed most of his classes, feigned a nervous breakdown, and dropped out in 1949.<ref name=BillingtonBatty1>See Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' 20–25, 31–35; and Batty, ''About Pinter'' 7.</ref>  In 1948 he was also "called up for [[National service|National Service]]," registered as a [[conscientious objector]], was brought to trial twice, and ultimately fined by the magistrate for refusing to serve (Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' 20–25).  He had a small part in ''[[Dick Whittington and His Cat]]'' at the Chesterfield Hippodrome in 1949 to 1950.<ref name=BillingtonBatty2>See Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' 37 and Batty, ''About Pinter'' 8; [[cf.]] Batty, "Chronology" (xiii-xvi) and chap. 1 "East End to West End" (1-11), in ''About Pinter''.</ref>  From January to July 1951, he attended the [[Central School of Speech and Drama]].<ref name=BillingtonBatty3>See Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' 31, 36, 38; and Batty, ''About Pinter'' xiii, 8.</ref>

From 1951 to 1952, he toured Ireland with the Anew McMaster repertory company, playing over a dozen roles.<ref name=Mac/> In 1952 he began acting in regional English repertory productions; from 1953 to 1954, he worked for the [[Donald Wolfit]] Company, King's Theatre, [[Hammersmith]], performing eight roles.<ref name=Batty/><ref name=BillingtonActing>See Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' 20–25; 31, 36, 37–41.</ref> From 1954 until 1959, Pinter acted under the stage name David Baron.<ref name=Baron>Pinter's paternal "grandmother's maiden name was Baron ... he adopted it as his stage-name ... [and] used it [Baron] for the autobiographical character of Mark in the first draft of [his novel] ''The Dwarfs''" (Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' 3, 47–48).</ref><ref name=Rep>For full details, see Pinter's official webpage in the "Acting" section, compiled by Mark Batty (Mark Taylor-Batty), including a photograph of "Harold Pinter Alias David Baron" in the index webpage, [http://www.haroldpinter.org/acting/index.shtml "The Harold Pinter Acting Career"], and other information compiled by Batty in [http://www.haroldpinter.org/acting/acting_otherrepwork.shtml "Work in Various Repertory Companies 1954–1958"], ''HaroldPinter.org'', Harold Pinter, 2000[–2009], [[World Wide Web|Web]], 23 June 2009.  A full list of Pinter's roles during this period is hyperlinked there.  The photographs and other images that Batty chose as illustrations for these webpages all came from Harold Pinter's personal archive, now part of the photograph albums and scrapbooks deposited in [[The Harold Pinter Archive in the British Library]] (BL) and still subject to Pinter's ongoing copyright protecting it, as controlled by his estate.  For further information relating to the BL's procedures and permission requests pertaining to use of any of these materials, see [http://www.bl.uk/reshelp/bldept/manuscr/copyright/ "Manuscript Collections: Copyright Guidance"].</ref>  As Batty observes: "Following his brief stint with Wolfit's company in 1953, this was to be Pinter's daily life for five years, and his prime manner of earning a living alongside stints as a waiter, a postman, a bouncer and snow-clearer whilst all the time harbouring ambitions as a poet and writer" (''About Pinter'' 10).  In ''Pinter: The Player's Playwright'', David Thompson lists Pinter's performances using his stage name David Baron, including all those in English regional repertory companies, nearly twenty-five roles.<ref name=Rep/><ref name=BillingtonHP1>Cited in Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' 49–55.</ref> In October 1989, Pinter told [[Mel Gussow]]: "I was in English rep as an actor for about 12 years. My favourite roles were undoubtedly the sinister ones. They're something to get your teeth into" (''Conversations with Pinter'' 83). During that period, he also performed occasional roles in his own and others' works (for radio, TV, and film), as he did later as well.<ref name=Batty/><ref name=Rep/><ref name=BillingtonActing2>See Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' 20–25, 31, 36, 38.</ref>

===Marriage and family life===
From 1956 until 1980, Pinter was married to [[Vivien Merchant]], a [[repertory]] actress whom he met on tour, probably best known for her performance in the original film ''[[Alfie (1966 film)|Alfie]]'' (1966); their son, Daniel, was born in 1958 (Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' 54, 75). Through the early 1970s, Merchant appeared in many of Pinter's works, most notably ''The Homecoming'' on stage (1965) and screen (1973), but the marriage was turbulent and began disintegrating in the mid-1960s (252–56). For seven years, from 1962 to 1969, Pinter was engaged in a clandestine [[affair]] with BBC-TV presenter and journalist [[Joan Bakewell]], which inspired his 1978 play ''[[Betrayal (play)|Betrayal]]'' (257–67).  Initially the play was considered a response to consequences of his [[affair]] with historian [[Antonia Fraser]], the wife of [[Hugh Fraser (politician)|Hugh Fraser]]. Though "both the external events and many of the internal details derive directly from his own life" (257), Billington clarifies that ''[[Betrayal (play)|Betrayal]]'' was inspired by his earlier affair with Bakewell: "Given the play's title and theme, it was inevitably assumed when it was first produced in 1978 that it had something to do with his own marital crack-up"; yet, "When [[Mel Gussow]] raised that very question, Pinter quickly kiboshed the assumption: 'I'm very glad you asked me that question because I can tell you that it's totally irrelevant.  One thing has absolutely nothing to do with another.'&nbsp;"  Nevertheless, Billington stresses that "In fact, ''Betrayal'' is based – even down to the general chronology and specific incidents – on" Pinter's affair with Bakewell, which "long predated his meeting with Antonia Fraser [1969] and lasted from 1962 to 1969" (257; [[cf.]] 258–67).

Though the Pinters had both met Antonia Fraser first in 1969, when Vivien Merchant and she both worked together on a [[National Gallery]] programme about [[Mary I of Scotland|Mary Queen of Scots]] (Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' 253), it was not until January 1975 that Pinter became romantically involved with her: "For six weeks in early 1975 the affair was conducted in clandestine secrecy" (252).  After [[Vivien Merchant]] returned from acting in ''[[Death of a Salesman]]'' at the [[Hong Kong Arts Festival]], where she had become ill and had to return home for convalescence, Pinter felt that he could not tell her about "his state of emotional turmoil, though he did confide in [[Peggy Ashcroft]], to whom he was very close at the time, as well as to [[Peter Hall (director)|Peter Hall]] and [the Pinters' mutual friend artist] Guy Vaesen" (252–53).  Pinter confessed the affair to his wife in late March 1975, who, Vaesen reported to Billington, "initially took it very well: 'She said she liked Antonia, having worked with her on the [[National Gallery]] recital, and that she was a very nice woman.'  But Vaesen's recollection is that a female friend of Vivien's trotted round to her house and poisoned her mind against Antonia" (Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' 253).  After that, "Life in Hanover Terrace gradually became impossible," and Pinter moved out of their house on 28 April 1975, five days into Hall's première of ''[[No Man's Land (play)|No Man's Land]]'' (253).  First, Pinter stayed in an apartment owned by [[Sam Spiegel]], and next he moved in "with his old friend [[Donald Pleasence]] and his family … where [the Pinters' only child] Daniel quickly joined him," as Pinter (as confirmed by Vaesen) found that "Vivien couldn't cope with bringing up Daniel alone" (Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' 253).  She gave an interview to the ''[[The Daily Mail|Daily Mail]]'' and other British [[tabloid]]s, and then, after "threatening all summer to sue Pinter for divorce, publicly citing Antonia if he did not return to her," on 27 July 1975, she finally filed for divorce, resulting in further "press fascination" with their break up (253).<ref name=People>For an example of such "press fascination," see [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,917680-1,00.html "People"] in the issue of ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' published the following week (11 Aug. 1975).</ref>  Billington observes: "For all concerned, it was a traumatic summer: one of separation, confrontation, pursuit and flight.  What kept the story alive were Vivien's indiscretions and her refusal to accept the role of the mutely suffering wife.  Everyone else, to their credit, maintained a stoical silence" (''Harold Pinter'' 254–55).

After spending two years acting and directing whilst living in temporary borrowed and rented quarters, in August 1977, Pinter and Antonia Fraser moved permanently into the Frasers' family home in [[Holland Park]], where he wrote ''[[Betrayal (play)|Betrayal]]'' (257).  After the Frasers' divorce had become final in 1977 and the Pinters' in 1980, in the third week of October 1980, Pinter married Antonia Fraser; however, because of a two-week delay in Vivien Merchant's signing the divorce papers, the reception had to precede the actual ceremony, originally scheduled to occur on 10 October 1980, his 50th birthday (271–72).<ref>According to her public statement to the press after his death, Antonia Fraser counts their living together as a total of "over 33 years" (1975–2008); she stated to the ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]'': "He was a great, and it was a privilege to live with him for over 33 years. He will never be forgotten," as quoted in Walker, Smith and Siddique, and other news accounts following Pinter's death.  {{See|Bibliography for Harold Pinter#Obituaries and related articles}}</ref>

Unable to overcome her bitterness and grief at the loss of her husband, Vivien Merchant died of acute alcoholism in the first week of October 1982 at the age of 53 (Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' 276).<ref>See also the pathologist's report cited in the [[Associated Press|AP]] news account entitled [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F02E3DD163BF934A35753C1A964948260 "Death of Vivien Merchant Is Ascribed to Alcoholism"], published in the ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]'' on 7 Oct. 1982.</ref> According to Billington, who cites Merchant's close friends and Pinter's associates, Pinter "did everything possible to support" her until her death and regretted that he ultimately became estranged from their son, Daniel, after their separation, Pinter's remarriage, and Vivien Merchant's death (276, 345–47).  A reclusive gifted musician and writer (345), Daniel stopped using the surname Pinter in the summer of 1975, when he was living with Pinter and Antonia Fraser, adopting instead Brand, the maiden name of his maternal grandmother.  Billington observes: "Eventually, the press fever abated a bit and in late August Pinter and Antonia returned to London, setting up residence in a house in Launceston Place in [[South Kensington]].  'Logistically,' Antonia recalls, 'it was very difficult. Harold couldn't do anything in the house.  He [Daniel] was very nice to me at a time when it would have been only too easy for him to have turned on me … simply because he had been the sole focus of his father's love and now manifestly wasn't.'  Significantly," Billington adds, "Daniel at this time changed his name from Pinter to Brand, his grandmother's maiden name. Pinter, however, does not see this as a symbolic rejection of himself; it was, he claims, a largely pragmatic move on Daniel's part designed to keep the press, who [at that time] had been relentlessly hounding him also, at bay" (''Harold Pinter'' 254–55).  Still unreconciled at the time of his father's death, Daniel Brand did not attend Pinter's funeral.<ref>See, e.g., Adams; Greenhill; [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-1103789/Pinter-ends-double-plot.html "Pinter Ends]"; and some other first-hand reports of Pinter's funeral listed in [[Bibliography for Harold Pinter#Obituaries and related articles|Obituaries and related articles]].  Some people who did not know either Pinter or his son personally have speculated about the significance of their estrangement; for such an [[editorial]] and for such an [[opinion]], see Alderman and Sands.</ref>

While Billington observes that "The break-up with Vivien and the new life with Antonia was to have a profound effect on Pinter's personality and his work," he also acknowledges that Fraser herself "is quick to qualify the idea that she had any direct input into his plays and points out that other people [such as [[Peggy Ashcroft]], among others] had a shaping influence on his politics," attributing later changes in his writing and his "engagement with the public world" to the "drastic change" from "an unhappy, complicated personal life ... to a happy, uncomplicated personal life," so that "a side of Harold which had always been there was somehow released.  I think you can see that in his work after ''[[No Man's Land (play)|No Man's Land]]'' [1975,] which was a very bleak play" (255).

Pinter stated publicly in interviews that he was content in his second marriage and enjoyed family life with his six adult stepchildren and 17 step-grandchildren.<ref name=BillingtonHPDD>See Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' 388, 429–30; Dougary; [[cf.]] Driscoll, as listed in [[Bibliography for Harold Pinter#Obituaries and related articles|Obituaries and related articles]].</ref> Even after battling cancer for several years, he considered himself "a very lucky man in every respect."<ref name=Lucky>Qtd. in Wark; see Billington, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2005/oct/14/books.nobelprize "They said"]; [[cf.]] Koval, Moss, and Rose.</ref> According to Sarah Lyall, who interviewed him in London for her Sunday ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]'' preview of ''[[Sleuth (2007 film)|Sleuth]]'', Pinter's "latest work, a slim pamphlet called 'Six Poems for A.,' comprises poems written over 32 years, with 'A' being Lady Antonia. The first of the poems was written in Paris, where she and Pinter traveled soon after they met. More than three decades later the two were rarely apart, and Mr. Pinter turned soft, even cozy, when he talked about his wife" ("Still Pinteresque" 16). In the interview conducted by Lyall, Pinter "acknowledged that his plays—full of infidelity, cruelty, inhumanity, the lot—seem at odds with his domestic contentment. 'How can you write a happy play?' he said. 'Drama is about conflict and degrees of perturbation, disarray. I've never been able to write a happy play, but I've been able to enjoy a happy life'&nbsp;" ("Still Pinteresque" 16).

===Civic activities and political activism===
{{Main|Harold Pinter and politics}}
In 1948–49, when he was 18, Pinter opposed the politics of the [[Cold War]], leading to his decision to become a [[conscientious objector]] and to refuse to comply with [[Conscription in the United Kingdom|National Service]].  But he was not a [[Pacifism|pacifist]].  He told Billington and others that, if he had been old enough at the time, he would have fought against the [[Nazism|Nazis]] in [[World War II]] (''Harold Pinter'' 21–24, 92, & 286).  He seemed to express ambivalence about "politicians" in his 1966 ''[[The Paris Review|Paris Review]]'' interview conducted by [[Larry Bensky|Lawrence M. Bensky]]. Yet, he had actually been an early member of the [[Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament]] in the [[United Kingdom]] and also had supported the British [[Anti-Apartheid Movement]] (1959–1994), participating in British artists' refusal to permit professional productions of their work in South Africa, by signing the "Public Declaration of Playwrights Against Apartheid" in 1963 (Hadley) and in subsequent related campaigns (Mbeki; Reddy).<ref name=politics>Discussion of Pinter's "political awareness" pertaining to his political development as a playwright and as a citizen appears in Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' 234, 286–305 (Chap. 15: "Public Affairs"), 400–3, 412, 416–17, 423, & 433–41 (a sec. on Pinter's Nobel Lecture, [[Art, Truth and Politics|"Art, Truth & Politics"]], rpt. therein); Merritt, ''Pinter in Play'' xi–xii, xiv, 171–209 (Chap. 8: "Cultural Politics," espec. "Pinter and Politics"), 275; and Grimes; in sources that they cite; and in sources published in 1990 and afterward listed in the [[Swedish Academy]]'s [[#Bio-bibliography|"Bio-bibliography"]].</ref>

In his last twenty-five years, Pinter increasingly focused his essays, speeches, interviews, literary readings, and other public appearances directly on contemporary political issues. He strongly opposed the 1991 [[Gulf War]], the 1999 [[NATO]] bombing campaign in [[Yugoslavia]] during the [[Kosovo War]], the United States' 2001 [[War in Afghanistan (2001–present)|War in Afghanistan]], and the [[2003 invasion of Iraq|2003 Invasion of Iraq]].  Among his provocative political statements, Pinter called Prime Minister [[Tony Blair]] a "deluded idiot" and compared the administration of President [[George W. Bush]] to [[Nazi Germany]].  He stated that the U.S. "was charging towards world domination while the American public and Britain's 'mass-murdering' prime minister sat back and watched."<ref name=ChrisafisandTilden>Qtd. in Chrisafis and Tilden, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/arts/news/story/0,11711,975050,00.html "Pinter Blasts 'Nazi America' and 'deluded idiot' Blair"].</ref>  The awarding of the Nobel Prize in Literature to Pinter and his sharp political statements have elicited some strong public criticism and even, at times, provoked ridicule and personal attacks.<ref name=HariPryce-Jones>See, e.g., responses to Pinter's winning the [[Nobel Prize in Literature]] in contemporaneous articles by Hari, Hitchens, and Pryce-Jones; [[cf.]] Allen-Mills, N. Cohen, and Kamm.</ref> [[David Edgar]], writing in the ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]'', defended Pinter against what he termed Pinter's "being berated by the belligerati" like Hari, who, unlike his supporters such as Edgar, [[Tom Stoppard|Sir Tom Stoppard]], [[David Hare]], and [[Václav Havel]], felt that he did not "deserve" winning the Nobel Prize.<ref name=PinterColossal>See the text of Havel's and others' comments, excerpted and quoted in "&nbsp;'A Colossal Figure'&nbsp;", after his essay [http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/politics/pinter-torture-and-misery-in-name-of-freedom-510906.html "Pinter: Torture and Misery in the Name of Freedom"], adapted from his 2005 acceptance speech for the [[Wilfred Owen]] Award for poetry, rpt. in ''[[The Independent|Independent]]'', [[Independent News & Media]], 16 Oct. 2005, [[World Wide Web|Web]], 24 June 2009.</ref>

==Career==
{{See|Works of Harold Pinter|Characteristics of Harold Pinter's work}}
===As actor===
Pinter's acting career spanned over fifty years and, despite his critical reputation for generally playing the "[[villain|heavy]]", included many wide-ranging roles in all four dramatic media: radio, stage, film, and television.<ref name=Batty/><ref name=BFIFilmTVCredits>[http://www.screenonline.org.uk/people/id/453152/credits.html "Pinter, Harold" (1930–2008): Film & TV Credits"] at [[British Film Institute|BFI]]'s ''[[Screenonline]]''.</ref><ref>Pinter's additional stage, film, television, and radio acting and directing credits are listed in the "[http://www.haroldpinter.org/biography/index.shtml Biography"] section of his official website (not updated to reflect his latest awards or death, as accessed on 11 Mar. 2009).</ref> In addition to roles in radio and television adaptations of his own plays and dramatic sketches, early in his screenwriting career, he made several cameo appearances in films based on his own screenplays; for example, as a society man in ''[[The Servant (film)|The Servant]]'' (1963) and as Mr. Bell in ''[[Accident (1967 film)|Accident]]'' (1967), both directed by [[Joseph Losey]]; and as a bookshop customer in his later film ''[[Turtle Diary]]'' (dir. [[John Irvin]], 1985), starring [[Michael Gambon]], [[Glenda Jackson]], and [[Ben Kingsley]].<ref name=Batty/><ref name=BFIFilmTVCredits/>  His notable acting film and television roles in his later years included a drunk Irish journalist in ''[[Langrishe, Go Down (film)|Langrishe, Go Down]]'' (dir. [[David Hugh Jones]]), starring [[Judi Dench]] and [[Jeremy Irons]] (distributed on [[DVD]] by [[Image Entertainment]] after being shown originally on [[BBC Two]] in 1978)<ref name=BFIFilmTVCredits/>; it was re-released in movie theatres on [[16 mm film]] in 2002, after being screened in The Spaces Between the Words: A Tribute to Harold Pinter, by the [[Film Society of Lincoln Center]], held from 21 to 31 July 2001, as part of the Harold Pinter Festival, at [[Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts]], in [[New York City]], which began on 16 July.<ref name=HPFLC>See full program details listed in [http://www.haroldpinter.org/home/lincolnfestival.shtml "Harold Pinter Festival"], ''HaroldPinter.org''.</ref>  On the big screen Pinter also played a criminal named Sam Ross in the 1997 film ''Mojo'' (written and dir. by [[Jez Butterworth]], 1997), based on Butterworth's own 1995 stage play ''[[Mojo (play)|Mojo]]'', set in London of the 1950s; Sir Thomas Bertram (his most substantial feature-film role) in ''[[Mansfield Park (film)|Mansfield Park]]'' (dir. [[Patricia Rozema]], 1998), distributed in 1999 by [[Miramax Films|Miramax]] and also as part of ''The Patricia Rozema DVD Collection'', by [[Alliance Atlantis]]—a character whom Pinter described in publicity posted on his website as "a very civilised man ... a man of great sensibility but in fact, he's upholding and sustaining a totally brutal system [the slave trade] from which he derives his money..."; and Uncle Benny, opposite [[Pierce Brosnan]] and [[Geoffrey Rush]], in ''[[The Tailor of Panama]]'' (dir. [[John Boorman]], 2001).<ref name=Batty/>  In other [[Television movie|television films]], he played a corrupt lawyer named Saul Abrahams,<ref name=BFIFilmTVCredits/> opposite [[Peter O'Toole]], in [[BBC Television|BBC TV]]'s ''[[Rogue Male (1976 film)|Rogue Male]]'' (dir. [[Clive Donner]], 1976)—a remake of the 1941 [[film noir]] ''[[Man Hunt (1941 film)|Man Hunt]]'', by [[Fritz Lang]]—released on DVD by Diamond Entertainment in 2002; the Director opposite [[John Gielgud]] (Gielgud's last role) and [[Rebecca Pidgeon]] in ''[[Catastrophe (play)|Catastrophe]]'', by [[Samuel Beckett]] (dir. [[David Mamet]]), part of ''Beckett On Film'' (2001); and Mr. Bearing, the father of [[ovarian cancer]] patient Vivian Bearing (played by [[Emma Thompson]]), in the [[HBO]] film of [[Margaret Edson]]'s [[Pulitzer Prize]]-winning play ''[[Wit (film)|Wit]]'' (dir. [[Mike Nichols]], 2001).<ref name=Batty/><ref name=BFIFilmTVCredits/>

===As director===
Pinter began to direct more frequently during the 1970s, becoming an associate director of the [[Royal National Theatre|National Theatre (NT)]] in 1973.  He directed almost 50 productions of his own and others' plays for stage, film, and television, including 10 productions of works by [[Simon Gray]]: the stage and/or film premières of ''[[Butley]]'' (stage, 1971; film, 1974), ''[[Otherwise Engaged]]'' (1975), ''[[The Rear Column]]'' (stage, 1978; TV, 1980), ''[[Close of Play]]'' (NT, 1979), ''[[Quartermaine's Terms]]'' (1981), ''Life Support'' (1997), ''The Late Middle Classes'' (1999), and ''The Old Masters'' (2004).  Several of those productions starred [[Alan Bates]] (1934–2003), who originated the stage and screen roles of not only Butley but also Mick in Pinter's first major commercial success, ''[[The Caretaker]]'' (stage, 1960; film, 1964), and Nicolas in ''[[One for the Road (Harold Pinter play)|One for the Road]]'' and the cab driver in ''[[Victoria Station (play)|Victoria Station]]'', in Pinter's own double-bill produced at the [[Lyric Hammersmith]] in 1984.  Among over 35 plays, he also directed ''Next of Kin'' (1974), by [[John Hopkins (writer)|John Hopkins]]; ''[[Blithe Spirit (play)|Blithe Spirit]]'' (1976), by [[Noël Coward]]; ''Circe and Bravo'' (1986), by [[Donald Freed]]; ''[[Taking Sides (play)|Taking Sides]]'' (1995), by [[Ronald Harwood]], and ''[[Twelve Angry Men]]'' (1996), by [[Reginald Rose]].<ref name=Batty/><ref name=HPNT>See also: [http://nationaltheatre.org.uk/download.php?id=4019 "Harold Pinter, Director and Playwright at the National Theatre"] ([[MS Word]] document file), ''National Theatre'', [[Royal National Theatre]], London, n.d., [[World Wide Web|Web]], 16 Mar. 2009.</ref>

===As screenwriter===
Pinter is the author of 27 screenplays and film scripts for cinema and television, all but four of which were filmed, published, or converted to stage plays.  His fame as a screenwriter began with his three screenplays written for films directed by [[Joseph Losey]], leading to their close collaboration and friendship: ''[[The Servant (film)|The Servant]]'' (1963), based on the novel by [[Robin Maugham]] and starring [[Dirk Bogarde]] and [[James Fox]]; ''[[Accident (1967 film)|Accident]]'' (1967), adapted from the novel by [[Nicholas Mosley]] and starring Bogarde, Pinter's first wife [[Vivien Merchant]], [[Jacqueline Sassard]], [[Delphine Seyrig]], and [[Michael York]]; and ''[[The Go-Between (film)|The Go-Between]]'' (1970), based on the novel by [[L. P. Hartley]] and starring [[Alan Bates]] and [[Julie Christie]].

Pinter also wrote the screenplay for ''[[The Pumpkin Eater]]'' (1964), adapted from the novel by [[Penelope Mortimer]], directed by [[Jack Clayton]] and starring [[Anne Bancroft]], [[Peter Finch]], and [[James Mason]] and featuring  [[Cedric Hardwicke]], [[Yootha Joyce]], [[Maggie Smith]], and others.

Subsequently, Pinter adapted ''[[The Quiller Memorandum]]'' (1966), from the 1965 spy novel ''The Berlin Memorandum'', by [[Elleston Trevor]] (aka [[Adam Hall]] and [[Trevor Dudley-Smith]]), directed by [[Michael Anderson (director)|Michael Anderson]], starring [[George Segal]] and featuring [[Senta Berger]], [[Alec Guinness]], and [[Max von Sydow]]; ''[[The Last Tycoon (film)|The Last Tycoon]]'' (1976), from the unfinished novel by [[F. Scott Fitzgerald]], staged by [[Elia Kazan]], produced by [[Sam Spiegel]], and starring [[Tony Curtis]], [[Robert De Niro]], [[Robert Mitchum]], [[Jeanne Moreau]], [[Jack Nicholson]], [[Donald Pleasence]], and [[Theresa Russell]]; ''[[The French Lieutenant's Woman (film)|The French Lieutenant's Woman]]'' (1981), from the novel by [[John Fowles]], directed by [[Karel Reisz]], and starring [[Jeremy Irons]] and [[Meryl Streep]]; ''[[Turtle Diary]]'' (1985), starring [[Michael Gambon]], [[Glenda Jackson]], and [[Ben Kingsley]], from the novel by [[Russell Hoban]]; ''[[The Heat of the Day]]'' (1988), a television film, from the 1949 novel by [[Elizabeth Bowen]]; ''[[The Comfort of Strangers (film)|The Comfort of Strangers]]'' (1990), from the novel by [[Ian McEwan]], directed by [[Paul Schrader]] and starring [[Rupert Everett]], [[Helen Mirren]], [[Natasha Richardson]], and [[Christopher Walken]]; and ''[[The Trial (1993 film)|The Trial]]'' (1993), from the novel by [[Franz Kafka]], directed by [[David Hugh Jones]] and starring [[Kyle MacLachlan]] with [[cameo appearance]]s by [[Anthony Hopkins]], [[Alfred Molina]], [[Juliet Stevenson]], and others.

Films based on Pinter's screenplay adaptations of his own stage plays are ''[[The Caretaker#Film adaptation|The Caretaker]]'' (1963), directed by [[Clive Donner]]; ''[[The Birthday Party (film)|The Birthday Party]]'' (1968), directed by [[William Friedkin]];''[[The Homecoming (film)|The Homecoming]]'' (1973), directed by [[Peter Hall]] for the [[American Film Theatre]]; and ''[[Betrayal (1983 film)|Betrayal]]'' (1983), with [[David Hugh Jones]] directing.  Pinter's screenplays for both ''[[The French Lieutenant's Woman (film)|The French Lieutenant's Woman]]'' and ''Betrayal'' were nominated for [[Academy Award]]s in the category of "Writing: Screenplay Based on Material from Another Medium" in 1981 and 1983, respectively.

His commissioned screenplay adaptations from others' works for the released films ''[[The Handmaid's Tale (film)#Pinter's unpublished filmscript|The Handmaid's Tale]]'' (1990), ''[[The Remains of the Day (film)#Background and production notes|The Remains of the Day]]'' (1990), and ''[[Lolita (1997 film)#History of the screenplay|Lolita]]'' remain unpublished and, in the case of only the latter two films, uncredited, though several scenes from or aspects of his scripts were also used in these finished films (Hudgins, "Three Unpublished Harold Pinter Filmscripts" 132–39).  His published screenplays ''[[Remembrance of Things Past#The Proust Screenplay|The Proust Screenplay]]'' (1972), ''[[Victory (screenplay by Harold Pinter)|Victory]]'' (1982), and ''[[The Dreaming Child (screenplay by Harold Pinter)|The Dreaming Child]]'' (1997)  and his unpublished screenplay "[[The Tragedy of King Lear (screenplay by Harold Pinter)|The Tragedy of King Lear]]" (2000) have not been filmed (Gale, ''Sharp Cut'').<ref>Manuscripts and typescripts of all these screenplays are accessible in [[The Harold Pinter Archive in the British Library]] to qualified researchers.</ref>  According to Baker and Ross, a section of Pinter's ''Proust Screenplay'' was, however, released as the 1984 film ''[[In Search of Lost Time#Adaptations|Swann in Love]]'' (''Un amour de Swann''), directed by [[Volker Schlöndorff]] and starring [[Jeremy Irons]] and [[Ornella Muti]], and it was also adapted by [[Michael Bakewell]] as a 2-hour radio drama broadcast on [[BBC Radio 3]] in December 1995 (xxxiii); later Pinter and director [[Di Trevis]] collaboratively adapted it to the stage, as ''[[Remembrance of Things Past (play)|Remembrance of Things Past]]'', opening at the [[Royal National Theatre|National Theatre]] in 2000 (xxxviii–ix).

Pinter's screenwriting career culminated in his last filmed screenplay adaptation of the 1970 [[Tony Award]]-winning play ''[[Sleuth (play)|Sleuth]]'', by [[Anthony Shaffer]], which was commissioned by [[Jude Law]], one of the film's producers.<ref name=Lyall/><ref name=Levy1>[[Cf.]] [[Emanuel Levy]], [http://www.emanuellevy.com/article.php?articleID=6634 "Sleuth with Pinter, Branagh, Law and Caine"], interview, ''emanuellevy.com'', Emanuel Levy, 29 Aug. 2007, [[World Wide Web|Web]], 9 May 2009.</ref><ref name=Levy2>[[Cf.]] [[Emanuel Levy]], [http://www.emanuellevy.com/article.php?articleID=6636 "Sleuth 2007: Remake or Revamping of Old Play"], ''emanuellevy.com'', Emanuel Levy, 29 Aug. 2007, [[World Wide Web|Web]], 9 May 2009.</ref>  It is the basis for the 2007 film ''[[Sleuth (2007 film)|Sleuth]]'', directed by [[Kenneth Branagh]] and starring [[Michael Caine]] as Andrew Wyke (played by [[Laurence Olivier]] in the [[Sleuth (1972 film)|1972 film of ''Sleuth'']]) and Law as Milo Tindle (played by Caine in the earlier film).<ref name=Lyall/><ref name=Levy1/><ref name=Levy2/>

===As playwright===
Pinter is the author of 29 plays and 15 dramatic sketches and the co-author of two works for stage and radio.<ref name=BNBMG/><ref name=Plays>Katie Herdman, Daisy Evans, and Laura Lankester, comps., [http://www.haroldpinter.org/plays/index.shtml "Plays"], ''HaroldPinter.org'', Harold Pinter, 2000–[2009], [[World Wide Web|Web]], 9 May 2009.</ref>  Along with the 1967 [[Tony Award for Best Play]] for ''The Homecoming'' and several other American awards and award nominations, he and his plays received many awards in the UK and elsewhere throughout the world.<ref>"Biography", ''haroldpinter.org''; Gordon, "Chronology", ''Pinter at Seventy'' xliii–lxv; Batty, "Chronology", ''About Pinter'' xiii–xvi.</ref>

====1957–2001====
====="Comedies of menace" (1957–1968)=====
;''The Room'' and ''The Birthday Party'' (1957)
Pinter's first play, ''[[The Room (play)|The Room]]'', written and first performed in 1957, was a student production at the [[University of Bristol]], "commissioned" and directed by his good friend (later acclaimed) actor [[Henry Woolf]], who also originated the role of Mr. Kidd (which he reprised in 2001 and 2007).<ref name=Plays/>  After Pinter had mentioned that he had an "idea" for a play, Woolf asked him to write it so that he could direct it as part of fulfilling requirements for his postgraduate work. Pinter wrote it in three days.<ref name=MerrittWoolf>Qtd. in Merritt, "Talking about Pinter" 147.  In the ''Guardian'' obituary, Billington refers to the production as "a staggeringly confident debut which attracted the attention of a young producer, Michael Codron, who decided to present Pinter's next play, The Birthday Party, at the Lyric Hammersmith in 1958 …" ([http://www.guardian.co.uk/culture/2008/dec/25/pinter-theatre "Harold Pinter"]).</ref> To mark and celebrate the 50th anniversary of that first production of ''The Room'', Woolf reprised his role of Mr. Kidd, as well as his role of the Man in Pinter's play ''[[Monologue (play)|Monologue]]'', in April 2007, as part of an international conference at the [[University of Leeds]], [[Harold Pinter and academia#Artist and Citizen: 50 Years of Performing Pinter|Artist and Citizen: 50 Years of Performing Pinter]].

Written in 1957 and produced in 1958, Pinter's second play, ''[[The Birthday Party (play)|The Birthday Party]]'', one of his best-known works, was initially both a commercial and critical disaster, despite a rave review in the ''[[The Sunday Times|Sunday Times]]'' by its influential drama critic [[Harold Hobson]], which appeared only after the production had closed and could not be reprieved (Hobson, "The Screw Turns Again").<ref>Cited by Merritt in "Sir Harold Hobson: The Promptings of Personal Experience," ''Pinter in Play'' 221–25; rpt. in [http://www.haroldpinter.org/plays/plays_bdayparty.shtml "The Birthday Party – Premiere"], ''HaroldPinter.org''.  Billington describes its London première as "one of the most famous flops in theatrical history" (''Harold Pinter'' 74) and as "one of the most famous disasters in post-war British theatre" ([http://www.guardian.co.uk/culture/2008/dec/25/pinter-theatre "Harold Pinter"]).</ref> Critical accounts often quote Hobson's prophetic words: {{quotation|<blockquote>One of the actors in Harold Pinter[']s The Birthday Party at the [[Lyric Hammersmith|Lyric, Hammersmith]], announces in the programme that he read History at [[University of Oxford|Oxford]], and took his [[Academic degree#United Kingdom|degree]] with Fourth Class Honours. Now I am well aware that Mr Pinter[']s play received extremely bad notices last Tuesday morning. At the moment I write these it is uncertain even whether the play will still be in the bill by the time they appear, though it is probable it will soon be seen elsewhere. Deliberately, I am willing to risk whatever reputation I have as a judge of plays by saying that The Birthday Party is not a Fourth, not even a Second, but a First; and that Pinter, on the evidence of his work, possesses the most original, disturbing and arresting talent in theatrical London.... Mr Pinter and The Birthday Party, despite their experiences last week, will be heard of again. Make a note of their names.</blockquote>}} Hobson was generally credited by Pinter himself and other critics as bolstering him and perhaps even rescuing his career (Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' 85); for example, in their September 1993 interview, Pinter told the ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]'' critic [[Mel Gussow]]: "I felt pretty discouraged ''before'' Hobson. He had a tremendous influence on my life" (141).

In a review published in 1958, borrowing from the subtitle of ''The Lunatic View: A Comedy of Menace'', a play by [[David Campton]] (1924–2006), critic [[Irving Wardle]] called Pinter's early plays "[[comedy of menace]]"—a label that people have applied repeatedly to his work, at times "pigeonholing" and attempting to "tame" it.<ref name=Merritt3>Merritt, ''Pinter in Play'' 5, 9, 225–26, and 310, citing Lois Gordon, "Pigeonholing Pinter: A Bibliography", ''Theatre Documentation'' 1 (Fall 1968): 3–20; chap. 2 in Hinchliffe 38–86, particularly on origins of the term and Campton's own view of ''[[Theatre of the Absurd]]'' as a prior "pigeon-hole" (40).</ref><ref name=COM>"[[Comedy of menace]]" is also a verbal pun on "[[Comedy of manners]]", with ''menace'' being ''manners'' said with a Judeo-English accent. See Merritt, ''Pinter in Play'' 9, 225–26, 240–41; Diamond.</ref> Such plays begin with an apparently innocent situation that becomes both threatening and "[[Absurdism|absurd]]" as Pinter's characters behave in ways often perceived as inexplicable by his audiences and one another. Pinter acknowledges the influence of [[Samuel Beckett]], particularly on his early work; they became friends, sending each other drafts of their works in progress for comments.<ref name=BillingtonWark>See Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' 64, 65, 84, 197, 251, & 354; [[cf.]] Wark's [http://news.bbc.co.uk/nolavconsole/ukfs_news/hi/newsid_4780000/newsid_4785400/nb_rm_4785475.stm interview] of Pinter, televised on ''[[Newsnight Review|Newsnight]]'' on 23 June 2006.</ref>

;''The Hothouse'' (1958/1980), ''The Dumb Waiter'' (1959), ''The Caretaker'' (1959), and other early plays
Early in his career as a playwright, after writing ''The Birthday Party'', Pinter wrote ''[[The Hothouse]]'' (1958/1980), which he shelved for over 20 years (See "Overtly political sketches …" below).  Then he wrote ''[[The Dumb Waiter]]'' (1959).<ref name="Plays"/>  Although ''The Dumb Waiter'' premiered in Germany and was produced in a double bill with ''The Room'' at the [[Hampstead Theatre|Hampstead Theatre Club]], in London, also in 1960, it was not produced very often until the 1980s, and it has been revived more frequently since 2000, including the [[West End theatre|West End]] [[Trafalgar Studios]] production directed by Harry Burton in 2007.  The first production of ''[[The Caretaker]]'', at the [[Arts Theatre|Arts Theatre Club]], in London, in 1960, established Pinter's theatrical reputation (Jones),  Large radio and television audiences for his one-act play ''[[A Night Out (play)|A Night Out]]'', along with the popularity of his revue sketches, propelled him to further critical attention (Merritt, ''Pinter in Play'' 18).  In 1964, four years after the success of ''[[The Caretaker]]'', through its long run at the [[Duchess Theatre]], which garnered an [[Evening Standard Award]], ''The Birthday Party'' was revived both on television (with Pinter himself in the role of Goldberg) and on stage (directed by Pinter at the [[Aldwych Theatre|Aldwych]]) and well received (Merritt, ''Pinter in Play'' 18, 219–20).  By the time [[Peter Hall (director)|Peter Hall]]'s London production of ''The Homecoming'' (1964) reached [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]] (1967), Harold Pinter had become a celebrity playwright, and the play garnered four [[Tony Award|Tony award]]s, among other awards ("Harold Pinter" at the [[Internet Broadway Database]]).  During this period, Pinter also wrote the radio play ''[[A Slight Ache]]'', first broadcast on the BBC Third Programme ([[BBC Radio 3]]) in 1959 and then adapted to the stage and performed at the [[Arts Theatre|Arts Theatre Club]] in 1961; ''A Night Out'' (1960), which was broadcast to a large audience on [[Associated British Corporation|ABC Television]]'s ''[[Armchair Theatre]]'', after being transmitted on [[BBC Radio 3|BBC Radio Third Programme]], also in 1960, and ''[[Night School (play)|Night School]]'' (1961), first televised on [[Associated Rediffusion]]; ''[[The Collection]]'', which premièred at the [[Aldwych Theatre]] in 1962; and ''[[The Dwarfs]]'', adapted from his then unpublished (only) novel of the same title and broadcast on radio first in 1960, then re-adapted for staging (also at the Arts Theatre Club) in a [[double bill]] with ''[[The Lover (play)|The Lover]]'', which was then televised on [[Associated Rediffusion]] in 1963; and ''[[Tea Party (play)|Tea Party]]'', a play that Pinter developed from his 1963 short story, first broadcast on television ([[BBC TV]]) in 1965.

Working as both a screenwriter and as a playwright, Pinter composed a script called "[[The Basement (play)#Origin: "The Compartment"|The Compartment]]" (1966), for a trilogy of films to be contributed by [[Samuel Beckett]], [[Eugene Ionesco]], and Pinter, of which only Beckett's film, entitled ''[[Film (film)|Film]]'', was actually produced.  Then Pinter turned his unfilmed script into a television play, which was produced as ''[[The Basement (play)|The Basement]]'', both on [[BBC 2]], and also on stage in 1968.<ref name=BRChronology>For a "Chronology" of Pinter's career, see Baker and Ross, "Chronology" xxiii–xl, drawn upon throughout this article.</ref>

====="Memory plays" (1968–1982)=====
From the late sixties through the early eighties, Pinter wrote ''[[Landscape (play)|Landscape]]'' (1968), ''[[Silence (play)|Silence]]'' (1969), ''[[Night (sketch)|Night]]'' (1969), ''[[Old Times]]'' (1971), ''[[No Man's Land (play)|No Man's Land]]'' (1975), ''[[The Proust Screenplay]]'' (1977), ''Betrayal'' (1978), ''[[Family Voices]]'' (1981), ''[[Victoria Station (sketch)|Victoria Station]]'' (1982), and ''[[A Kind of Alaska]]'' (1982), all of which dramatise complex ambiguities, elegiac mysteries, comic vagaries, and other "quicksand"-like characteristics of [[memory]] and which critics sometimes classify as Pinter's "memory plays".<ref name=BillingtonETP/>  Pinter's plays ''[[Party Time (play)|Party Time]]'' (1991), ''[[Moonlight (play)|Moonlight]]'' (1993), ''[[Ashes to Ashes (play)|Ashes to Ashes]]'' (1996), and ''[[Celebration (play)|Celebration]]'' (2000) draw upon some features of his "memory" [[dramaturgy]] in their focus on the past in the present, but they have personal and political resonances and other tonal differences from these more-clearly-identifiable "memory plays".<ref name=BillingtonETP/><ref name=MemoryPlays>See discussions of these plays throughout Batty; Grimes; and Baker.</ref>

====="Overtly political plays" and sketches (1980–2000)=====
During the 1980s, most particularly following a three-year period of "creative blankness in the early 1980s"  after his marriage to Lady [[Antonia Fraser]] and the death of Vivien Merchant, as mentioned by Billington (''Harold Pinter'' 258), Pinter's plays tended to become shorter and more overtly political, serving as critiques of [[oppression]], [[torture]], and other abuses of [[human rights]],<ref name=MerrittPIPGrimes>Merritt, ''Pinter in Play'' xi–xv, 170–209; [[cf.]] Grimes 19.</ref> linked by the apparent "invulnerability of power" (Grimes 119).

First Pinter resurrected ''[[The Hothouse]]'', which he had written in 1958, between ''The Birthday Party'' and ''The Caretaker'' but had set aside until 1979, when, after re-discovering his manuscript, he re-read and made some changes to it and then directed its first production himself at [[Hampstead Theatre]], in London ("Author's Note").<ref name=HHNote>Qtd. in [http://www.haroldpinter.org/plays/plays_hothouse.shtml "The Hothouse – Premiere"], ''HaroldPinter.org'', Harold Pinter, 2000–[[2009]], [[World Wide Web|Web]], 9 May 2009.</ref>  Like his other plays of this period, ''The Hothouse'' is about authoritarianism and the abuses of power politics, but it is also highly comic, more like his earlier [[Comedy of menace|comedies of menace]], and Pinter himself played the major role of Roote in a revival at the [[Minerva Theatre, Chichester]], in 1995.<ref name=MerrittGrimesHH>See Merritt, "Pinter Playing Pinter" and Grimes 16, 36–38, 61–71, and throughout.</ref>

The brief dramatic sketch ''[[Precisely]]'' (1983) is a duologue between two bureaucrats exposing the absurd power politics of mutual nuclear annihilation and [[Deterrence theory|deterrence]].  His first overtly political one-act play is ''[[One for the Road (Harold Pinter play)|One for the Road]]'' (1984).  In Nick Hern's interview with Pinter "A Play and Its Politics" conducted in February 1985 and published with the first British and American editions of ''One for the Road'', Pinter states that whereas his earlier plays presented "metaphors" for power and powerlessness (8–9), the later ones present literal "realities" of power and its abuse (16–17, 21). Grimes proposes, "If it is too much to say that Pinter faults himself for his earlier political inactivity, his political theater dramatizes the interplay and conflict of the opposing poles of involvement and disengagement" (19).

The dramatic sketch ''[[The New World Order (sketch)|The New World Order]]'' (1991), according to the ''[[The Independent|Independent on Sunday]]'' reviewer Robert Cushman, provides "ten nerve wracking minutes" of two men threatening to torture a third man who is blindfolded, gagged, and bound in a chair; Pinter directed the British première at the [[Royal Court Theatre|Royal Court Theatre Upstairs]], where it opened on 9 July 1991, and the Royal Court production went on to be performed in [[Washington, D.C.]]<ref name=NWO>[http://www.haroldpinter.org/plays/title_newworldorder.shtml "The New World Order"], ''HaroldPinter.org'', Harold Pinter, 2000–[2009], [[World Wide Web]], 8 May 2009.  Cushman's performance review is reprinted here.  Though listed among the "plays" and not among the "sketches" in the "Plays" section of ''HaroldPinter.org'', ''[[The New World Order (sketch)|The New World Order]]'' is identified as a sketch both in its illustrated 1991 ''American Theatre'' [http://www.haroldpinter.org/plays/frn_newworldorder_us91.shtml "poster"] and in published criticism.</ref>  In April 1991, prior to its stage première, he had sent an audio recording of himself reading this sketch for presentation at the International Pinter Festival held by the [[Harold Pinter and academia#The Harold Pinter Society|Harold Pinter Society]] at [[Ohio State University|The Ohio State University]], in [[Columbus, Ohio]], where a panel was first convened on the subject of Pinter and Politics (Merritt, ''Pinter in Play'' xi).  The sketch was subsequently performed by Scena Theatre, also in [[Washington, D.C.]], in 1994.<ref name=NWO/>  In the same year, he wrote the longer [[political satire]] ''[[Party Time]]'' (1991), which premièred at the [[Almeida Theatre]], in London, in a double-bill with ''[[Mountain Language]]'' (1988); it was published first as a play for the stage (Faber, 1991).<ref name=PT>''[[Party Time]]'' is published in the U.S. edition along with ''[[The New World Order (sketch)|The New World Order]]'' (Grove, 1993); for extended critical discussions of both works, see Grimes 101–28 and 139–43.</ref> After Pinter adapted it as a television screenplay in 1992, which he directed when it was transmitted on 17 November of that year, ''Party Time'' was published in a new edition by [[Grove Press]] in 1993, including additional scenes and camera directions.<ref name=BakerandRoss>For bibliographical details, see Baker and Ross 100–102; [[cf.]] their "Chronology" xxxvii; for critical discussion, see Grimes 101–16, 120–29, and throughout.</ref>

Intertwining political and personal concerns, his next full-length plays, ''[[Moonlight (play)|Moonlight]]'' (1993) and ''[[Ashes to Ashes (play)|Ashes to Ashes]]'' (1996) are set in domestic households and focus on dying and death.  Devlin and Rebecca in ''Ashes to Ashes'' cite unspecified "atrocities" in their conversations, which allude to details relating to the [[The Holocaust|Holocaust]].<ref name=MerrittGrimesATA>Merritt, "Harold Pinter's ''Ashes to Ashes'': Political/Personal Echoes of the Holocaust"; [[cf.]] Grimes 195–220.</ref> After experiencing the deaths of first his mother (1992) and then his father (1997), again merging the personal and the political, Pinter wrote the poems "Death" (1997) (which he would read near the end of his 2005 Nobel Lecture) and "The Disappeared" (1998).

Paired with a revival of Pinter's first play, ''[[The Room (play)|The Room]]'', at the 2001 [[Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts|Lincoln Center]] Pinter Festival, Pinter's last stage play, ''[[Celebration (play)|Celebration]]'' (2000), is a hilarious social [[satire]], set in a "posh restaurant" (Grimes 133), which lampoons [[The Ivy]] near [[Covent Garden]], in London's [[West End theatre]] district, and its patrons: "&nbsp;'Celebration' focuses on two groups of diners in a restaurant that London critics were quick to point out is very like [[the Ivy]], a fabled theatre gathering place in the West End.  As it happens, these revelers have just come from performances of either the ballet or the opera. Not that they can remember a darn thing about what they saw, including the titles. … these gilded, foul-mouthed souls are just as myopic when it comes to their own table mates (and for that matter, their food), with conversations that usually connect only on the surface, if there."<ref name=BrantleyLC>[[Ben Brantley]], [http://www.haroldpinter.org/home/lincolnfestival.shtml "Pinter's Silences, Richly Eloquent"], ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]'', [[The New York Times Company|New York Times Company]], 27 July 2001, rpt. in "Lincoln Center Festival, New York, 2001", ''HaroldPinter.org'', Harold Pinter, 2000–[2009], [[World Wide Web|Web]], 9 May 2009.</ref>  The play may appear superficially to have fewer overtly political resonances than such plays as ''[[One for the Road (Harold Pinter play)|One for the Road]]'' (1984), ''[[Mountain Language]]'' (1988), ''[[Party Time (play)|Party Time]]'' (1991), and ''[[Ashes to Ashes (play)|Ashes to Ashes]]'' (1996).  But its central male characters, brothers named Lambert and Matt, are apparently "empowered elites" (like the men "in charge" in ''Party Time'') who describe themselves as "peaceful strategy consultants" because "we don't carry guns" (''Celebration'' [London: Faber, 2000] 60).  At the next table, their fellow diner Russell, a banker, describes himself as a "totally disordered personality […] a psychopath" (''Celebration'' [London: Faber, 2000] 39), "while Lambert "vows to be reincarnated as '[a] more civilised, [a] gentler person, [a] nicer person' [56] than he is currently" (Grimes 129).  Extreme viciousness underlies these characters' at times somewhat-smoother exteriors.  ''Celebration'' evokes familiar [[Characteristics of Harold Pinter's work#The "Pinteresque"|Pinteresque]] political contexts for both Brantley and Grimes: "The ritzy loudmouths in 'Celebration', Harold Pinter's most recent play, and the quieter working-class mumblers of 'The Room', the first drama by Mr. Pinter ever produced, have everything in common beneath the surface" (Brantley); "Money remains in the service of entrenched power, and the brothers in the play are 'strategy consultants' whose jobs involve force and violence (arms dealers, perhaps). … It is tempting but inaccurate to equate the comic power inversions of the social behavior in ''Celebration'' with lasting change in larger political structures," Grimes finds, as he considers the play indicative of Pinter's purported "black pessimism" about the possibility of changing the status quo (130).

Grimes ties ''Celebration'' to Pinter's next-to-last sketch, ''[[Press Conference (sketch)|Press Conference]]'' (2002), which, "like ''Celebration'', invokes both torture and the fragile, circumscribed existence of dissent" (135).  For its première in the [[Royal National Theatre|National Theatre]]'s two-part production of ''Sketches'', despite undergoing chemotherapy at the time, Pinter played the ruthless Minister willing to murder little children for the benefit of "The State".<ref name=Sketches>[http://www.haroldpinter.org/plays/plays_sketches.shtml "Sketches"], ''HaroldPinter.org'', Harold Pinter, 2000–[[2009]], [[World Wide Web|Web]], 9 May 2009; [[cf.]] Alastair Macaulay, "The Playwright's Triple Risk: Pinter Sketches - [[Royal National Theatre]]," rpt. from ''[[The Financial Times|Financial Times]]'', 13 Feb. 2002.</ref>

As the Waiter's often comically unbelievable reminiscences about his grandfather demonstrate in ''Celebration'', Pinter's final stage plays also extend some expressionistic aspects of his earlier "memory plays" whilst harkening back to his "comedies of menace" in the characters whom he must serve and in his final ominous speech concluding Pinter's last play:{{quotation|<blockquote>My grandfather introduced me to the mystery of life and I'm still in the middle of it.  I can't find the door to get out.  My grandfather got out of it.  He got right out of it.  He left it behind him and he didn't look back.<br />He got that absolutely right.<br /> And I'd like to make one further interjection.<br />  ''He stands still''.<br />''Slow fade''.  (''Celebration'' [London: Faber, 2000] 72)</blockquote>}}
Perhaps the Waiter reflects the influence of both Pinter's collaboration with director [[Di Trevis]] on ''[[Remembrance of Things Past (play)|Remembrance of Things Past]]'' (NT, 27 Nov. 2000 – 7 Feb. 2001)<ref name=Remembrance>Their stage adaptation of his unfilmed 1972 work ''[[Remembrance of Things Past (play)#The Proust Screenplay|The Proust Screenplay]]'', based on [[Marcel Proust]]'s famous seven-volume novel ''[[In Search of Lost Time]]'', opened at the [[Royal National Theatre|Cottesloe Theatre]] (NT) on 27 November 2000, running at the NT through 7 February 2001.</ref> and the revival of ''[[The Caretaker]]'' directed by [[Patrick Marber]] and starring [[Michael Gambon]] (as Davies), [[Rupert Graves]] (as Mick), and [[Douglas Hodge]] (as Aston), playing simultaneously at the [[Comedy Theatre]], in London's [[West End of London|West End]] (Nov. 2000 – Feb. 2001).<ref name=Plays/>

====2001–2008====
From 16 to 31 July 2001, a Harold Pinter Festival celebrating his work curated by [[Michael Colgan (theatre director)|Michael Colgan]], artistic director of the [[Gate Theatre]], [[Dublin]], was held as part of the annual Lincoln Center Festival at the [[Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts|Lincoln Center]], in [[New York City]], in which Pinter participated both as an actor, as Nicolas in ''[[One for the Road (Harold Pinter play)|One for the Road]]'', and as a director of a double bill pairing his last play, ''[[Celebration (play)|Celebration]]'', with his first play, ''[[The Room (play)|The Room]]''.<ref name=reports>Reports and reviews of the 2001 Lincoln Center Pinter Festival productions and symposia, ''The Pinter Review'' (2002); Merritt, "Talking about Pinter".  See also BWW News Desk.</ref>

As part of a two-week "Harold Pinter [[Homage]]" at the World Leaders Festival of Creative Genius, held from 24 September to 30 October 2001, at Harbourfront Centre, in Toronto, following the reception and during the dinner honouring him, Pinter presented a dramatic reading of ''[[Celebration (play)|Celebration]]'' (2000) and also participated in a public interview as part of the [[Culture in Toronto#Literature|International Festival of Authors]].<ref name=IFOA>For news accounts, see [http://web.archive.org/web/20020225161916/http://www.readings.org/news/011001pinter.html "Harold Pinter Added to IFOA Lineup"] (via ''[[Internet Archive]]'') and "[http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9B06E3DB1339F93AA3575AC0A9679C8B63&n=Top%2fReference%2fTimes%20Topics%2fPeople%2fP%2fPinter%2c%20Harold Travel Advisory]".</ref>

In December 2001, Pinter was diagnosed with [[Esophageal cancer|oesophageal cancer]], for which, in 2002, he underwent what he described afterwards in published and broadcast interviews as a "successful" operation and [[chemotherapy]], thanking both his "brilliant surgeon" and his "brilliant wife" for their efforts on his behalf during that period.<ref name=BillingtonKoval>See Koval's interviews with Pinter at the [[Edinburgh Book Festival]]; [[cf.]] Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' 413–16.</ref> During the course of his treatment, he directed a production of his play ''[[No Man's Land (play)|No Man's Land]]'' and wrote and performed in his new sketch "[[Press Conference (sketch)|Press Conference]]" for a two-part otherwise-retrospective production of his dramatic sketches at the [[Royal National Theatre|National Theatre]] (415–16).  Since 2002, having become increasingly "engaged" as "a citizen" (Merritt, ''Pinter in Play'' 179),  Pinter continued to write and present politically charged poetry, essays, speeches and two new unpublished screenplay adaptations of others' plays, "[[The Tragedy of King Lear (screenplay by Harold Pinter)|The Tragedy of King Lear]]" (completed in 2000 but unfilmed); and "Sleuth", based on Anthony Shaffer's 1970 play ''[[Sleuth (play)|Sleuth]]'' (written in 2005, with revisions completed later for the 2007 film ''[[Sleuth (2007 film)|Sleuth]]'').<ref name=BLHPAMS>The various drafts of these works are catalogued in [[The Harold Pinter Archive in the British Library]] (Manuscripts Catalogue no. [http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/manuscripts/HITS0001.ASP?VPath=arevhtml/78604.htm&Search=Add.%2088880/%20%20%202&Highlight=T Add MS 88880 / 2]).  For "Full description" with itemized lists of contents, one must first "Find a specific manuscript (by number)" in the BL ''Manuscripts Catalogue'' and then select "Descriptions hierarchy".</ref>

From 9 to 25 January 2003, the Manitoba Theatre Centre, in [[Manitoba]], [[Canada]], held a nearly month-long ''PinterFest'', in which "over a 130 performances" of a dozen of Pinter's plays were produced by a dozen different theatre companies.<ref name=PinterFest>[http://www.haroldpinter.org/plays/frn_pinterfestival_ca03.shtml "PinterFest, Manitoba Theatre Center, 2003"], in ''HaroldPinter.org''.</ref>  Productions during the Festival included: ''[[The Hothouse]]'', by the Black Hole Theatre Company, [[University of Manitoba]]; ''[[Night School (play)|Night School]]'', by The Conspiracy Network; ''[[The Lover (play)|The Lover]]'', by Dreamsurf; ''[[The Dumb Waiter]]'', by The King's Players; ''[[The Homecoming]]'', by the Manitoba Theatre Centre; ''[[The Birthday Party (play)|The Birthday Party]]'', by New Theatre; ''[[Monologue (play)|Monologue]]'', by New Theatre; ''[[One for the Road (Harold Pinter play)|One for the Road]]'', by Sarasvàti Productions; ''[[The Caretaker]]'', by Tara Players; ''[[Ashes to Ashes (play)|Ashes to Ashes]]'', by Toothsome Breed Theatre Company; ''[[Celebration (play)|Celebration]]'', by the [[University of Winnipeg]] Theatre Students' Association; and ''No Man's Land'', by Who Knows Productions.<ref name=MerrittPinterFest>[[Cf.]] ''PinterFest'', as listed in Merritt, "Forthcoming Publications, Upcoming Productions, and Other Works in Progress" in "Harold Pinter Bibliography: 2000–2002", ''Pinter Rev.'' (2004): 299.</ref>

On 28 February 2005, in an interview conducted by [[Mark Lawson]] on the [[BBC Radio 4]] programme ''[[Front Row (radio)|Front Row]]'', Pinter announced publicly that he would stop writing plays to dedicate himself to his political [[activism]] and writing [[poetry]]: "I think I've written 29 plays. I think it's enough for me. I think I've found other forms now. My energies are going in different directions—over the last few years I've made a number of political speeches at various locations and ceremonies ... I'm using a lot of energy more specifically about political states of affairs, which I think are very, very worrying as things stand."

In later interviews and correspondence, he vowed to "keep fighting" politically,<ref name=BillingtonLFK>Harold Pinter to Professor [[Avraham Oz]], "one of Israel's leading internal opponents of authoritarianism," in a letter of 2005, as qtd. in Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' 395, 430.</ref>  remaining committed to writing and publishing poetry (e.g., his poems "The 'Special Relationship'&nbsp;", "Laughter", and "The Watcher") and to continuing political pressure against the "status quo" and battling what he considered [[social injustice]]s.  Personally, he was also battling post-oesophageal cancer bouts of ill health, including "a rare skin disease called [[pemphigus]]"—a "very, very mysterious skin condition which emanated from the Brazilian jungle", as he described it<ref name=Billingtonwritten/>—and "a form of [[Sepsis|septicaemia]] which afflict[ed] his feet and [made] movement slow and laborious" (Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' 395).  Yet, despite these afflictions, Pinter completed his screenplay for ''[[Sleuth (2007 film)|Sleuth]]'' in 2005 (418–20).<ref name=Lyall/>

His last dramatic work for radio, ''[[Voices (radio play)|Voices]]'' (2005), a collaboration with composer [[James Clarke (composer)|James Clarke]], adapting such selected works by Pinter to music, premièred on [[BBC Radio 3]] on his 75th birthday (10 October 2005), three days before the October 13th announcement that he had won the 2005 Nobel Prize in Literature (Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' 420).

In an interview of Pinter on 12 March 2006, conducted as part of the [[Europe Theatre Prize]] award ceremony, in [[Turin]], [[Italy]], which was part of the [[Event program|Cultural Programme]] of the [[2006 Winter Olympics|XX Winter Olympic Games]], [[Michael Billington (critic)|Billington]] asked Pinter, "Is the itch to put pen to paper still there?" He replied, "Yes. It's just a question of what the form is ... I've been writing poetry since my youth and I'm sure I'll keep on writing it till I conk out. I've said it before and I'll say it again. I've written 29 damn plays. Isn't that enough?"<ref name=Billingtonwritten/>  In response, audience members shouted "in unison" a resounding ''No'', urging him to keep writing (Merritt, "Europe Theatre Prize Celebration").  Along with the international symposium on Pinter: Passion, Poetry, Politics, curated by Billington, the Europe Theatre Prize theatrical  events celebrating Pinter included new productions (in French) of ''[[Precisely]]'' (1983), ''[[One for the Road (Harold Pinter play)|One for the Road]]'' (1984), ''[[Mountain Language]]'' (1988), ''[[The New World Order (sketch)|The New World Order]]'' (1991), ''[[Party Time]]'' (1991), and ''[[Press Conference (sketch)|Press Conference]]'' (2002), "Six short political works by Harold Pinter, in the unpublished French versions by Jean Pavans"; and ''Pinter Plays, Poetry & Prose'', an evening of dramatic readings by actors [[Charles Dance]], [[Michael Gambon]], [[Jeremy Irons]], and [[Penelope Wilton]],  directed by [[Alan Stanford]], of the [[Gate Theatre]], [[Dublin]].<ref name=ETPEvent>For further details (mostly in Italian, with some information provided in English), see [http://www.premio-europa.org/open_page.php?id=336 "Event"] section for "Harold Pinter" on the official website of the [[Europe Theatre Prize]], 10th edition.</ref>

In June 2006, the [[British Academy of Film and Television Arts]] (BAFTA) hosted "a celebration of [Pinter's] work in cinema," curated by his friend and fellow playwright [[David Hare (playwright)|David Hare]], described as "a brilliant selection of film clips" which Hare introduced by saying: "To jump back into the world of Pinter's movies ... is to remind yourself of a literate mainstream cinema, focused as much as [[Ingmar Bergman|Bergman]]'s is on the human face, in which tension is maintained by a carefully crafted mix of image and dialogue" (Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' 429).

Pinter occasionally left open the possibility that if a compelling dramatic "image" were to come to mind (though "not likely"), he would perhaps have pursued it. After making this point, with [[Rupert Graves]] in another location on screen, Pinter performed a dramatic reading of his "new work," [[Apart From That (sketch)|"Apart From That"]], at the end of the interview conducted by Wark, broadcast live on ''[[Newsnight]]'' on 23 June 2006. This "very funny" dramatic sketch was inspired by Pinter's strong aversion to [[Mobile phone|mobile telephones]]; "as two people trade banalities over their mobile phones there is a hint of something ominous and unspoken behind the clichéd chat" (Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' 429).

<!--[[:File:HaroldPinterKrappsLastTape.jpg|left|thumb|200px|Harold Pinter as Krapp, in ''[[Krapp's Last Tape]]'', by [[Samuel Beckett]], at the [[Royal Court Theatre]], in October 2006]]-->
In an account of Pinter's interview conducted by [[Ramona Koval]] at the [[Edinburgh International Book Festival]] "Meet the Author" in late August 2006, Robinson reports: "Pinter, whose last published play came out in 2000, said the reason he had given up writing was that he had 'written himself out', adding: 'I recently had a holiday in [[Dorset]] and took a couple of my usual yellow writing pads. I didn't write a damn word. Fondly, I turned them over and put them in a drawer.'&nbsp;"  It appeared to Robinson that "despite giving up writing [Pinter] will carry on his acting career."  From another perspective, however, as Eden and Walker observe: "So keenly is Harold Pinter relishing his return to the stage this autumn [in [[Samuel Beckett]]'s one-act [[monologue]] ''[[Krapp's Last Tape]]''] that he has put his literary career on the back burner." Pinter said: "It's a great challenge and I'm going to have a crack at it."<ref name=RobinsonToibin>Pinter, as qtd. in Robinson; for a further perspective, see Toíbín.</ref> 

After returning to London from Edinburgh, in September 2006, he began rehearsing for his performance of the role of [[Krapp's Last Tape#Characters|Krapp]], which, the next month, he performed from a motorized wheelchair in a limited run at the [[Royal Court Theatre]] to sold-out audiences and "ecstatic" critical reviews.<ref name=KLTrev>Billington's "4 Stars" review, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/stage/2006/oct/16/theatre.beckettat100 "Krapp's Last Tape]", appeared in the Theatre section of the ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]''; [[cf.]] his subsequent discussion in ''Harold Pinter'' 429–30.</ref>  The production of only nine performances, from 12 October, two days after Pinter's 76th birthday, to 24 October 2006, was the most sought-after ticket in London during the 50th-anniversary celebration season of the [[Royal Court Theatre]]; his performances sold out within minutes on the first morning of general ticket sales (4 September 2006).<ref>[[Royal Court Theatre]] box office production announcement for ''[[Krapp's Last Tape#Harold Pinter|Krapp's Last Tape]]'', as well as "Upcoming events for the year 2006", on the home page of ''HaroldPinter.org'' (since updated).</ref> One performance was filmed, produced on [[DVD]], and shown on [[BBC Four]] on 21 June 2007.

Also in 2006, [[Sheffield Theatres]] hosted [[Sheffield Theatres#Pinter: A Celebration|Pinter: A Celebration]] for a full month (11 Oct.–11 Nov. 2006). It featured selected productions of Pinter's plays (in order of presentation): ''The Caretaker'', ''Voices'', ''No Man's Land'', ''Family Voices'', ''Tea Party'', ''The Room'', ''One for the Road'', and ''The Dumb Waiter''; films (most his screenplays; some in which Pinter appears as an actor): ''The Go-Between'', ''Accident'', ''The Birthday Party'', ''The French Lieutenant's Woman'', ''Reunion'', ''Mojo'', ''The Servant'', and ''The Pumpkin Eater''; and other related events: Pause for Thought ([[Penelope Wilton]] and [[Douglas Hodge]] in conversation with [[Michael Billington (critic)|Michael Billington]]), Ashes to Ashes—A Cricketing Celebration, a Pinter Quiz Night, the [[BBC Two]] documentary film ''Arena: Harold Pinter'' (introd. Anthony Wall, producer of ''[[Arena (TV series)|Arena]]''), The New World Order—A Pause for Peace (a consideration of "Pinter's pacifist writing" [both poems and prose] supported by the Sheffield Quakers), and a screening of "Pinter's passionate and antagonistic 45-minute Nobel Prize Lecture."<ref name=SheffieldNews>For further information, see [[Sheffield Theatres]] [[News release|press release]] [http://www.sheffieldtheatres.co.uk/index.cfm?fuseaction=news.view&NewsID=222 "Sheffield Theatres Presents Pinter: A Celebration"].</ref>

In 2007, to coincide with the 50th anniversary of ''The Dumb Waiter'', [[Lee Evans (comedian)|Lee Evans]] and [[Jason Isaacs]] starred as Gus and Ben in "a major West end revival," directed by [[Harry Burton (actor)|Harry Burton]], "in a limited seven week run" at the [[Trafalgar Studios]], from 2 February 2007 through 24 March.  Later in February 2007, [[John Crowley (director)|John Crowley]]'s film version of Pinter's play ''Celebration'' (2000) was shown on ''[[More4]]'' ([[Channel 4]], UK), "with a cast including [[James Bolam]], [[Janie Dee]], [[Colin Firth]], [[James Fox]], [[Michael Gambon]], [[Julia McKenzie]], [[Sophie Okonedo]], [[Stephen Rea]] and [[Penelope Wilton]]."  On 18 March 2007, [[BBC Radio 3]] broadcast a new radio production of ''The Homecoming'', directed by [[Thea Sharrock]] and produced by Martin J. Smith, with Pinter performing the role of Max (for the first time; he had previously played Lenny on stage in 1964), [[Michael Gambon]] as Max's brother Sam, [[Rupert Graves]] as Teddy, [[Samuel West]] as Lenny, [[James Alexandrou]] as Joey, and [[Gina McKee]] as Ruth (M. J. Smith; West).  A revival of ''[[The Hothouse]]'', directed by [[Ian Rickson]], with a cast including [[Stephen Moore (actor)|Stephen Moore]] (Roote), [[Lia Williams]] (Miss Cutts), and [[Henry Woolf]] (Tubb), among others, opened at the [[Royal National Theatre]], in London, on 11 July 2007, playing through 27 July, concurrently with a revival of ''[[Betrayal (play)|Betrayal]]'' at the [[Donmar Warehouse]], starring [[Toby Stephens]] (Jerry), [[Dervla Kirwan]] (Emma), and [[Samuel West]] (Robert), as directed by [[Roger Michell]] (West).

Revivals in 2008 included the 40th anniverary production of the American première of ''The Homecoming'' on [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]] starring [[James Frain]] as Teddy, [[Ian McShane]] as Max, [[Raúl Esparza]] as Lenny, [[Michael McKean]] as Sam, and [[Eve Best]] as Ruth, and directed by [[Daniel J. Sullivan]], which opened on 16 December 2007, for a "20-week limited engagement ... through 13 April 2008" at the [[Cort Theatre]] (Gans; Horwitz).<ref name=Upcomingevents>Other recent and "upcoming events" (updated periodically) are listed on the home page of Pinter's official website and through its menu of links to the "Calendar" ([http://www.haroldpinter.org/calendar/index.shtml "Worldwide Calendar"]).</ref>  From 8 to 24 May 2008, the [[Lyric Hammersmith]] celebrated the 50th anniversary of ''[[The Birthday Party (play)|The Birthday Party]]'' with a revival, directed by artistic director [[David Farr (director)|David Farr]], and related events, including a [[festival|gala performance]] and reception hosted by Harold Pinter on 19 May 2008, exactly fifty years after its London première there.

<!--[[File:No Mans Land Harold Pinter Duke of Yorks Theatre London.jpg|right|thumb|upright|''[[No Man's Land (play)|No Man's Land]]'' revival at [[Duke of York's Theatre]], 30 December 2008]]-->
The final revival during Pinter's lifetime was a production of ''No Man's Land'', directed by [[Rupert Goold]]; it opened at the [[Gate Theatre]], [[Dublin]], whose artistic director is [[Michael Colgan (theatre director)|Michael Colgan]], in August 2008, and then transferred to the [[Duke of York's Theatre]], London, where it played through Saturday, 3 January 2009 (BWW News Desk).  On the Monday before Christmas 2008, during its break, Pinter "was admitted to [[Hammersmith Hospital]]," where he died "two days later on Christmas Eve" from liver cancer, after having "suffered for more than five years from [[Esophageal cancer|cancer of the oesophagus]]" ("Pinter Ends").<ref name=Obits/><ref name=Funeral/>  On Friday, 26 December 2008, when the production of ''No Man's Land'' reopened at the Duke of York's, expressing great sadness and appreciation for their playwright, the actors paid tribute to Pinter from the stage, with Gambon reading Hirst's monologue about his "photograph album" from Act Two that, in August, Pinter had selected for him to read at his funeral, ending with a standing ovation from the audience, many of whom were in tears:
{{quotation|<blockquote>I might even show you my photograph album.  You might even see a face in it which might remind you of your own, of what you once were.  You might see faces of others, in shadow, or cheeks of others, turning, or jaws, or backs of necks, or eyes, dark under hats, which might remind you of others, whom once you knew, whom you thought long dead, but from whom you will still receive a sidelong glance, if you can face the good ghost.  Allow the love of the good ghost.  They possess all that emotion . . . trapped.  Bow to it.  It will assuredly never release them, but who knows . . . what relief . . . it may give them . . . who knows how they may quicken . . . in their chains, in their glass jars.  You think it cruel . . . to quicken them, when they are fixed, imprisoned? No . . . no.  Deeply, deeply, they wish to respond to your touch, to your look, and when you smile, their joy . . . is unbounded.  And so I say to you, tender the dead, as you would yourself be tendered, now, in what you would describe as your life.  (69–70 of ''No Man's Land'', in ''Four Plays'')<ref name=Tribute>Parts of this passage are quoted in [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/7800829.stm "West End Pays Tribute to Pinter"]; in Billington, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/culture/2009/jan/01/pinter-theatre "Goodnight, Sweet Prince"]; and in other accounts listed in [[Bibliography for Harold Pinter#Obituaries and related articles|Obituaries and related articles]].  It was reproduced in full as a memorial to Harold Pinter on the home page of [[Harold Pinter and academia#The Harold Pinter Society|The Harold Pinter Society]] (updated 1 Jan. 2009).  [Note: The three dots are features of Pinter's text, not ellipses.]</ref></blockquote>}}

==Posthumous events (2008–2010)==
===Funeral (31 December 2008)===
Several accounts of the private funeral held for Pinter, a "half-hour ceremony conducted around the graveside" at [[Kensal Green Cemetery]], on Wednesday afternoon, 31 December 2008, the week after his death, describe it as "directed" or "conducted" or "scripted" by Pinter himself, perhaps recalling the Father who speaks "from the grave" in his play ''[[Family Voices]]''.<ref name=BillingtonGoodnight>See Billington, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/culture/2009/jan/01/pinter-theatre "Goodnight, Sweet Prince"]; [[cf.]] Adams, [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/arts_and_culture/7805812.stm "Friends"], [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-1103789/Pinter-ends-double-plot.html "Pinter Ends"], and other accounts of Pinter's funeral listed in [[Bibliography for Harold Pinter#Obituaries and related articles|Obituaries and related articles]].</ref>  As Pinter's official biographer [[Michael Billington (critic)|Michael Billington]], who was among approximately 50 family and friends who attended the graveside ceremony, reports: "As recently as last August [2008], [Pinter] had sat down with his wife, Antonia Fraser, and selected the readings he wanted for his funeral."  [[Michael Gambon]] read "a speech he nightly delivers on stage in [[No Man's Land (play)|No Man's Land]], in which Hirst pays tribute to the emotion trapped in photo albums and asks us to 'tender the dead, as you would yourself be tendered, now, in what you would describe as your life'&nbsp;" (as qtd. above) and the poem "Death" (1997), which Pinter read toward the end of his 2005 Nobel Lecture, "[[Art, Truth and Politics]]"; [[Penelope Wilton]] "delivered with impeccable gravitas" a passage ending [[T. S. Eliot]]'s "[[Four Quartets#Little Gidding (1942)|Little Gidding]]" (1942), the last of his ''[[Four Quartets]]'': "So, while the light falls/On a winter's afternoon, in a secluded chapel,/History is now and England"; Harry Burton, an actor, director, and member of Pinter's cricket team The Gaieties, "read Pinter's favourite cricket poem, [[Francis Thompson]]'s At Lord's, in which the run-stealers eternally flicker to and fro"; and Stella Powell-Jones, Pinter's step-granddaughter, "read beautifully a love poem dedicated to [her grandmother] Antonia Fraser It Is Here, recalling the [[Entre Nous|coup de foudre]] at Pinter's first meeting with his future wife."  According to the ''[[Daily Mail|Mail Online]]'', "The only departure from his 'script' was at the end, when a tearful Antonia stepped forward to his grave and said: 'I always get this quotation wrong.  I hope I get it right today,'&nbsp;" going on to quote [[Horatio (character)|Horatio]]'s speech after the death of [[Prince Hamlet]]: "Good night sweet prince:/And flights of angels sing thee to thy rest!"

===Memorial tributes===
The night before Pinter's New Year's Eve burial, theatre marquees on [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]] dimmed their lights for a minute in tribute ("Friends"), and the final night of ''No Man's Land'' at the [[Duke of York's Theatre]], on 3 January 2009, starting at 6:30 p.m., all of the [[Ambassador Theatre Group]] in the [[West End theatre|West End]] also dimmed their lights for an hour to honour the playwright (Smith, "Pinter to Be Honoured").  "A more public commemoration" is being planned in London; Pinter's "friends and family" have proposed that Pinter "be accorded the honour of a memorial in [[Westminster Abbey]]'s '[[Poets’ Corner]]'," where one of Pinter's most revered poets, [[Wilfred Owen]], is commemorated among many others, though, reportedly, their proposal may be meeting some resistance due to Pinter's "&nbsp;'anti-religious views'&nbsp;" (Eden).

After Pinter's death, at the end of January 2009, the [[Sydney Festival]] (then in progress), Dublin's [[Gate Theatre]], and the [[Sydney Theatre Company]], whose co-artistic directors are Australian actress [[Cate Blanchett]] and her husband, [[Andrew Upton]], announced that, on Sunday, 1 February, there would be a free, hour-long performance of readings from Pinter's works as a tribute to him.  It was directed and introduced by Colgan and featured Blanchett, fellow Australian actor Robert Menzies (grandson of former Australian Prime Minister [[Robert Menzies]] and her co-star in [[Shakespearean history#The "Wars of the Roses" cycle|''The War of the Roses'' Cycle]]), and Gate Theatre actors Niall Buggy and Owen Roe.  In their public statement, Blanchett and Upton "acknowledged the playwright's legacy," saying: "We are delighted to join with Sydney Festival and Ireland's celebrated Gate Theatre in this event marking the passing of one of the 20th century's theatre greats, Harold Pinter, whose influence over playwriting and performance has been so profound."<ref name=Pintertribute>For announcements, see Morgan, Westwood, and the ''[[Sydney Festival]] 2009'' official Website, which quotes both the public statement by [[Cate Blanchett|Blanchett]] and [[Andrew Upton|Upton]] and [[Michael Colgan (theatre director)|Colgan]]'s following comment: "In early December, I talked with Harold about a forthcoming meeting with [[Sydney Theatre Company]] and the possibility of the [[Gate Theatre|Gate]] and STC working together, which he was very pleased about.  It is with great sadness but it gives me great pride that these two theatres can come together at the end of the Festival to remember this extraordinary writer."</ref> In his account of this event, John McCallum, Sydney theatre critic for the ''[[The Australian|Australian]]'', observes: "The occasion … was sad, but also a time for celebration"; after asking "Was it Pinter, or Blanchett and her fellow stars who drew the crowds?" and stating "Either way, they queued from midday for the 2pm start, to snap up the 900 tickets, allocated on a first-come, first-served basis," McCallum concludes: "It was a fine tribute.  If some of the audience came for Blanchett, they left with Pinter."<ref name=McCallum>For details of the tribute curated by [[Michael Colgan (theatre director)|Colgan]], including his introductory remarks, see McCallum, [http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,,24994048-16947,00.html "Companies Recall Good Ghost of Pinter"], as listed in [[Bibliography for Harold Pinter#Obituaries and related articles|Obituaries and related articles]]: Niall Buggy "read the speech from ''No Man's Land''" (qtd. above), in which Hirst says, "Allow the love of the good ghost," the source for the phrase "good ghost of Pinter" in McCallum's title.  For further information about McCallum, see his [http://www.currency.com.au/search.aspx?type=author&author=John+McCallum "Author Profile"] at [[Currency Press]], publisher of his book ''Belonging: Australian Playwriting in the 20th Century'' (2009).</ref>

[[Diane Abbott]], the [[Member of Parliament#United Kingdom|MP]] for [[Hackney North and Stoke Newington (UK Parliament constituency)|Hackney North & Stoke Newington]] [[Table (verb)#Commencing discussion|proposed]] "an Early Day Motion in the [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|Commons]] [signed initially by 22 other MPs] calling on the government to 'do all it can' to support the [residents'] campaign to restore the old Clapton Cinematograph Theatre, which opened in [[Lower Clapton|Lower Clapton Road]] in 1910" and to turn it into "a memorial to the great dramatist" ("MP Backs Pinter Tribute Campaign").  In speaking to the House of Commons on 16 January 2009, Abbott said: "Harold Pinter is a brilliant example of the creativity that thrives in [[London Borough of Hackney|Hackney]].  The area has always been a hub for the arts and many successful artists, writers, actors and film producers and journalists now live in the area.  The idea of turning the building into a cinematic centre as a memorial to Harold Pinter is fantastic.  I can think of no better way to honour this Hackney boy turned literary great and I fully support the campaign."<ref name=Abbott>Abbott's press release includes links for further "information on the Clapton Cinema campaign."  See also Lafferty.</ref>

On Saturday, 2 May 2009, from 11 a.m. to 9:00 p.m., a free public Harold Pinter Memorial Celebration: A Tribute to Harold Pinter, curated by [[Harry (actor)|Harry Burton]], was held in the Harold M. Proshansky Auditorium, at the Martin E. Segal Theatre Center, of [[CUNY Graduate Center|The Graduate Center]] of The [[City University of New York]] (CUNY).  It was part of the Fifth Annual [[PEN World Voices|PEN World Voices Festival]] of International Literature, taking place in [[New York City]], from 27 April to 3 May 2009.<ref name=PEN>[http://web.gc.cuny.edu/mestc/events/s09/PEN_World_Voices.html "Events: PEN World Voices Festival: Harold Pinter Memorial Celebration: Updated Schedule"], [[PEN World Voices|PEN World Voices Festival]]: The New York Festival of International Literature, ''Martin E. Segal Theatre Center'', [[CUNY Graduate Center|Graduate Center]], [[City University of New York]] (CUNY), [[World Wide Web|Web]], 11 Apr. 2009; [[cf.]] listing for [http://www.pen.org/viewmedia.php/prmMID/3239/prmID/1831 "May 2, 2009: Tribute to Harold Pinter"], [http://www.pen.org/page.php/prmID/1096 "The Fifth Annual PEN World Voices Festival of International Literature, April 27 – May 3, 2009"], ''[[PEN American Center]]'' (pen.org), PEN American Center, [[World Wide Web|Web]], 12 Apr. 2009; BWW News Desk, [http://broadwayworld.com/article/PEN_World_Voices_Festival_Presents_A_Tribute_To_Harold_Pinter_52_20090429 "PEN World Voices Festival Presents A Tribute to Harold Pinter"], ''Broadway World News'', BroadwayWorld.com, 29 Apr. 2009, [[World Wide Web|Web]], 5 May 2009.  (Audio for the event may become accessible online from the "Tributes" section of the PEN American Center website at some future time.)</ref>  Another memorial celebration was held in the [[Royal National Theatre|Olivier Theatre, National Theatre]], in London, on the evening of 7 June 2009; it consisted of "excerpts and readings from Pinter's work" by nearly three dozen of Britain's most-accomplished actors, many of whom were his friends and associates, including: [[Eileen Atkins]], [[David Bradley]], Harry Burton, [[Kenneth Cranham]], [[Janie Dee]], [[Andy de la Tour]], [[Lindsay Duncan]], [[Colin Firth]], [[Henry Goodman]], [[Sheila Hancock]], [[Douglas Hodge]], [[Jeremy Irons]], [[Jude Law]],  [[Gina McKee]], [[Roger Lloyd Pack]], [[Stephen Rea]], [[Alan Rickman]], [[Michael Sheen]], [[Indira Varma]], [[Samuel West]], [[Lia Williams]], [[Penelope Wilton]], [[Susan Wooldridge]], and [[Henry Woolf]]; and a troupe of nine students from [[London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art|LAMDA]].<ref name=NTHPCeleb>[http://www.nationaltheatre.org.uk/?lid=48074 "Harold Pinter: A Celebration"], ''NT News and Information'', [[Royal National Theatre|National Theatre]], 8 May 2009, [[World Wide Web|Web]], 8 May 2009.</ref>  It was directed by Ian Rickson, who had directed Pinter in ''[[Krapp's Last Tape]]'' at the [[Royal Court Theatre|Royal Court]], in October 2006.<ref name=Coveney>A five-star review of this sold-out event entitled  [http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/theatre-dance/reviews/harold-pinter-a-celebration-national-theatre-london-1700071.html "Harold Pinter: A Celebration, National Theatre, London: Some Pauses to Remember"], by [[Michael Coveney]], was published in ''[[The Independent]]'' on Tuesday, 9 June 2009.</ref>

Editor [[Craig Raine]] devotes most of issue 28 (Spring/Summer 2009) of the Arts Tri-Quarterly ''[[Areté]]'' ({{ISBN|9780955455384}}), to articles and other pieces remembering Harold Pinter, beginning with Pinter's 1987 unpublished love poem dedicated "To Antonia", which begins "She dances in my life." and is followed by the line in its original context, Pinter's poem "Paris", written in 1975, the year they began living together; these poems are followed by brief memoirs by some of Pinter's associates and friends, including [[Patrick Marber]], [[Nina Raine]], Nicholas Murray, [[Tom Stoppard]], [[Peter Nichols]], [[Susanna Gross]], Marigold Johnson, Francis Wyndham, [[Nick Hern Books|Nick Hern]], [[Richard Eyre]], Sarah Johnson, [[Ronald Harwood]], [[David Hare]], and [[Nigel Williams]].

On 16 June 2009, [[Antonia Fraser|Lady Antonia Fraser]] officially opened the Harold Pinter Room & Studio at the [[Hackney Empire]], renaming the Hackney Empire Hospitality Suite.<ref name=Moberly>The invitation and related information is reprinted on the website of Tracey Moberly, an artist whose collaborative installation with Danny Pockets was on display at the event; see Tracey Moberly, [http://www.sanderswood.com/festivals_and_events/pinter_launch/ "Hackney Empire: Pinter Residency Launch"], ''sanderswood.com'', Festivals and events, 16 June 2009, [[World Wide Web|Web]], 19 June 2009.</ref> This memorial event, attended by invited guests, also launched the Pinter Residency, "intended to establish the Hackney Empire as a centre for writers".<ref name=Jury>See report by Louise Jury, [http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard/article-23708548-details/Harold+Pinter+honoured+by+Hackney+Empire/article.do "Harold Pinter Honoured by Hackney Empire"], ''[[This Is London]]'', ''[[London Evening Standard]]'', 17 June 2009, [[World Wide Web|Web]], 18 June 2009.</ref> Its first recipient is social activist and writer Jan Woolf, of [[Cricklewood]], whose play ''Porn Crackers'' is being performed at the Hackney Empire on 15, 16, and 19 July 2009.<ref name=Jury/><ref name=JanWoolf>Jan Woolf, [http://www.rootball.org.uk/Rootball/Writing.html "Writing"] and [http://www.rootball.org.uk/Rootball/Theatre.html "Theatre"], ''Rootball.org.uk'', Rootball Productions, 2009, [[World Wide Web|Web]], 22 June 2009.</ref>

At a memorial cricket charity match on 27 September 2009, at [[Lord's Cricket Ground]], the Gaieties Cricket Club plays the Lord's Taverners, followed by "a concert of words and music in the Long Room in the Lords pavillion to celebrate Harold Pinter's love of cricket," including such invited performers as [[Janie Dee]], [[Judi Dench]], [[Michael Gambon]], [[Bill Nighy]], [[Roger Lloyd Pack]], and [[Samuel West]].<ref name=Sherwin/><ref name=Upcoming/> At the concert after the match, the winner of a public [[auction]] of the 2005 portrait of Pinter by Joe Hill–"a gift to Pinter from his team mates at Gaieties Cricket Club as a mark of their esteem and gratitude for Pinter's 40 years service to the club"–will be announced, with the "proceeds" going to benefit youth causes supported by the Taverners.<ref name=Sherwin/><ref name=Upcoming/>

Prior to Pinter's death, Irish theatre director [[Michael Colgan (theatre director)|Michael Colgan]], who curated "four major festivals of [Pinter's] work" starting in 1994, including the 2001 Harold Pinter Festival, at [[Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts|Lincoln Center]], in [[New York City]], announced that he "is preparing for another major retrospective of his work in [[Dublin]] to take place in 2010," to mark Pinter's 80th birthday (BWW News Desk).

==Honours==
{{See|Honours and awards to Harold Pinter}}
An Honorary Associate of the [[National Secular Society]], a Fellow of the [[Royal Society of Literature]], and an Honorary Fellow of the [[Modern Language Association|Modern Language Association of America]] (1970), Pinter was appointed [[Order of the British Empire|CBE]] in 1966 and became a [[Order of the Companions of Honour|Companion of Honour]] in 2002 (having previously declined a knighthood in 1996). In 1995 and 1996 he accepted the [[David Cohen Prize]], in recognition of a lifetime's literary achievement, and the [[Laurence Olivier Awards|Laurence Olivier Special Award]] for a lifetime's achievement in the theatre, respectively. In 1997 he became a [[British Academy of Film and Television Arts|BAFTA]] Fellow. He received the World Leaders Award for "Creative Genius" as the subject of a week-long "Homage" in Toronto, in October 2001. A few years later, in 2004, he received the [[Wilfred Owen]] Award for Poetry—"in recognition of Pinter's lifelong contribution to literature, 'and specifically for his collection of poetry entitled ''War'', published in 2003'&nbsp;" (''Wilfred Owen Association Newsletter''). In March 2006 he was awarded the [[Europe Theatre Prize]], in recognition of lifetime achievements pertaining to drama and theatre ("Letter of Motivation"). In conjunction with that award, [[Michael Billington (critic)|Michael Billington]] coordinated an international conference on Pinter: Passion, Poetry, Politics, including scholars and critics from Europe and the Americas, held in [[Turin]], [[Italy]], from 10 to 14 March 2006 (''Harold Pinter'' 427–28).<ref name=BillingtonETP/><ref name=ETPEvent/>

===Nobel Prize in Literature===
On 13 October 2005 the [[Swedish Academy]] announced that it had decided to award the [[Nobel Prize in Literature]] for that year to "Harold Pinter ... Who in his plays uncovers the precipice under everyday prattle and forces entry into oppression's closed rooms" (press release), instigating some public controversy and criticism relating both to [[Characteristics of Harold Pinter's work|characteristics of Pinter's work]] and to his [[#Civic activities and political activism|politics]].<ref name=HariPryce-Jones/>

When interviewed that day about his own reaction to the Nobel Prize announcement by Billington, Pinter joked: "I was told today that one of the Sky channels said this morning that 'Harold Pinter is dead'. Then they changed their mind and said, 'No, he's won the Nobel prize.' So I've risen from the dead" (Billington, "They said").

Nobel Week, including the [[Nobel Prize]] Awards Ceremony in [[Stockholm]] and related events throughout Scandinavia, began in the first few days of December 2005. Due to medical concerns about his health, Pinter and his family could not attend the Awards Ceremony and those events.  After the Academy notified him of his award, although he had arranged for his publisher (Stephen Page of [[Faber and Faber|Faber]]) to accept his Nobel Diploma and Nobel Medal at the Awards Ceremony scheduled for 10 December, he had still planned to travel to [[Stockholm]], to present his lecture in person a few days earlier (Honigsbaum). In November, however, discovering the infection that would nearly kill him, his doctor hospitalised him and barred such travel (Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' 423–24).<ref name=Lyall/>

==="Art, Truth and Politics": The Nobel Lecture===
{{Main|Art, Truth and Politics}}
Though still hospitalised, Pinter went to a [[Channel 4]] studio to videotape his Nobel Lecture: "Art, Truth and Politics," which was projected on three large screens at the Swedish Academy, in [[Stockholm]], on the evening of 7 December 2005.<ref name=Lyall/><ref name=Lyall2>For an example of an illustrated contemporaneous news account, see Lyall, [http://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/08/international/europe/08pinter.html "Playwright Takes a Prize and a Jab at U.S"], which appeared in both the ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]'' and the ''[[International Herald Tribune]]'', [[The New York Times Company]], 8 Dec. 2009, [[World Wide Web|Web]], 9 May 2009 [enlargeable photograph]; other national newspapers featured similar photographs of the audience watching these screens.</ref>

Simultaneously transmitted on [[More 4]] in the [[United Kingdom]] that evening, but "totally ignored by the [[BBC]]" (Billington, ''Harold Pinter'' 424), Pinter's 46-minute lecture was introduced on television by friend and fellow playwright [[David Hare (playwright)|David Hare]]. Subsequently, the full text and streaming video formats (without Hare's introduction) were posted for the public on the Nobel Prize and Swedish Academy official websites by the Nobel Foundation, which acknowledges Illuminations for the filmed streaming video version. In these formats Pinter's Nobel Lecture has been widely watched, cited, quoted, and distributed by print and online media and the source of much commentary and debate (425–27).

<!--[[:Image:Pinterdvd.jpg|right|thumb|upright|Illuminations (2005 and 2006)]]-->
Pinter's Nobel Lecture "Art, Truth and Politics" provoked extensive public controversy, with some [[mass media|media]] commentators accusing Pinter of "anti-Americanism" (Allen-Mills). Yet in it he emphasizes that he criticizes policies and practices of American administrations (and those who voted for them), not all American citizens, many of whom he recognizes as "demonstrably sickened, shamed and angered by their government's actions," adding "but as things stand they are not a coherent political force — yet."<ref name=ATP>Pinter, ''Art, Truth and Politics'' 21.  Pinter's "Nobel Lecture: [[Art, Truth and Politics|Art, Truth & Politics]]" (text and [[streaming media]]) is accessible on the official website of the [[Nobel Prize]], ''nobelprize.org'' in the original English, with hyperlinked translations into French, German, and Swedish.  (Page references throughout are to the Faber ed., ''Art, Truth and Politics: The Nobel Lecture''.) [[Cf.]] Pinter's Nov. 2002 [http://artists.refuseandresist.org/artists/haroldpinter.html Turin speech], rpt. in "Harold Pinter," in ''The Artists Network of [[Refuse & Resist!]]'', and in Pinter, ''Various Voices''  (2005) 243. For analysis of such contexts and related perspectives on Pinter's Nobel Lecture, see Merritt, "(Anti-)Global Pinter."</ref>

As a result of his Nobel Prize and his controversial Nobel Lecture, interest in Pinter's life and work surged.  They led to new revivals of his plays, to Billington's updating his biography (retitled ''Harold Pinter''), and to new editions of Pinter's works, such as ''The Essential Pinter'' and ''The Dwarfs'', by [[Grove Press]], and a three-volume box set including ''The Birthday Party'', ''No Man's Land'', ''Mountain Language'', and ''Celebration'' entitled ''Four Plays'', by [[Faber and Faber|Faber]].  Illuminations released its [[DVD]] and [[VHS]] video recordings of Pinter's Nobel Lecture without Hare's introduction.  Thus, this version is closest to what those in the audience in [[Stockholm]] experienced.  The Illuminations DVD is also the version shown for the first public screening of "Art, Truth & Politics" before an audience in the United States, at the PEN World Voices Harold Pinter Tribute, in New York City, on 2 May 2009.<ref name=PEN/>

===Légion d'honneur===
On 18 January 2007 the French Prime Minister [[Dominique de Villepin]], himself a published poet, presented Pinter with France's highest civil honour, the [[Légion d'honneur]], at a ceremony at the French embassy in London, shortly after holding talks with [[Tony Blair]].  Prime Minister de Villepin "praised Mr Pinter's poem American Football (1991)" stating: "&nbsp;'With its violence and its cruelty, it is for me one of the most accurate images of war, one of the most telling metaphors of the temptation of imperialism and violence.'&nbsp;"  Then, "In return," Pinter "praised France for its opposition to the war in Iraq."  M. de Villepin concluded: "The poet stands still and observes what doesn't deserve other men's attention. Poetry teaches us how to live and you, Harold Pinter, teach us how to live."  He said that Pinter received the award particularly "because in seeking to capture all the facets of the human spirit, [Pinter's] works respond to the aspirations of the French public, and its taste for an understanding of man and of what is truly universal."<ref name=FE>French Prime Minister [[Dominique de Villepin]], in his speech qtd. by the French Embassy (UK) in its official [[News release|press release]], [http://www.ambafrance-uk.org/Legion-d-honneur-for-Harold-Pinter.html "Légion d'Honneur for Harold Pinter"]; [[cf.]] [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/6273365.stm "French PM Honours Harold Pinter"], as reported by [[BBC News]].</ref>  Lawrence Pollard observed that "the award for the great playwright underlines how much Mr Pinter is admired in countries like France as a model of the uncompromising radical intellectual."<ref name=FE/>

==Pinter and academia==
{{See|Harold Pinter and academia}}
{{See|Honours and awards to Harold Pinter}}
Some scholars and critics challenge the validity of Pinter's critiques of what he terms "the modes of thinking of those in power" (Merritt, ''Pinter in Play'' 171–89; 180) or dissent from his retrospective viewpoints on his own work (Begley; Karwowski; and Quigley).

In his personal political history, however, {{quotation|<blockquote>Pinter's own "political act" of conscientious objection resulted from being "terribly disturbed as a young man by the Cold War. And McCarthyism.... A profound hypocrisy. 'They' the monsters, 'we' the good. In 1948 the Russian suppression of Eastern Europe was an obvious and brutal fact, but I felt very strongly then and feel as strongly now [1985] that we have an obligation to subject our own actions and attitudes to an equivalent critical and moral scrutiny." (Merritt, ''Pinter in Play'' 178)</blockquote>}}  Scholars agree that Pinter's dramatic rendering of power relations results from such astute "critical and moral scrutiny."<ref name=BattyGrimes2>[[Cf.]], e.g., Batty, "Preface" and chap. 6–9 in ''About Pinter''; Grimes 19, 36–71, 218–20, and throughout.</ref>

Pinter's aversion to any censorship by "the authorities" is epitomised in Petey's line at the end of ''[[The Birthday Party (play)|The Birthday Party]]''.  As the broken-down and reconstituted Stanley is being carted off by the figures of authority Goldberg and McCann, Petey calls out after him, "Stan, don't let them tell you what to do!" "I've lived that line all my damn life. Never more than now," Pinter told Gussow in 1988.<ref name=GussowConv>Qtd. in Merritt, ''Pinter in Play'' 179.</ref> The example of Pinter's stalwart opposition to what he termed "the modes of thinking of those in power"—the "brick wall" of the "minds" perpetuating the "status quo" (Merritt, ''Pinter in Play'' 180)—infused the "vast political pessimism" that some academic critics may perceive in his artistic work (Grimes 220), its "drowning landscape" of harsh contemporary realities, with some residual "hope for restoring the dignity of man" (Pinter, ''Art, Truth and Politics'' 9, 24).

As Pinter's longtime friends the directors and actors [[David Hugh Jones]] and [[Henry Woolf]] would remind analytically-inclined scholars and dramatic critics, Pinter was a "great [[Comedy|comic]] writer" (Coppa); yet, as Pinter himself said of ''[[The Caretaker]]'', his work is only "funny, up to a point"—"beyond that point" it "ceases to be funny, and it is because of that point" that he wrote it: {{quotation|<blockquote>The trap with Harold’s work, for performers and audiences, is to approach it too earnestly or portentously. I have always tried to interpret his plays with as much humor and humanity as possible. There is always mischief lurking in the darkest corners. The world of The Caretaker is a bleak one, its characters damaged and lonely. But they are all going to survive. And in their dance to that end they show a frenetic vitality and a wry sense of the ridiculous that balance heartache and laughter. Funny, but not too funny. As Pinter wrote, back in 1960 : "As far as I am concerned The Caretaker IS funny, up to a point. Beyond that point, it ceases to be funny, and it is because of that point that I wrote it."<ref name=JonesWoolf>Qtd. in [http://roundabouttheater.org/fc/fall03/jones.htm "Travels with Harold"], an account of staging the play for the [[Roundabout Theatre|Roundabout Theatre Company]], in [[New York City]], published by director [[David Hugh Jones]] in the Fall 2003 issue of ''Front & Center Online'', the "online version of the Roundabout Theatre Company's subscriber magazine"; [[cf.]] Woolf, as qtd. in Merritt, "Talking about Pinter" 147–48.</ref></blockquote>}}  His dramatic conflicts present serious implications for his characters and his audiences, leading to sustained inquiry about "the point" of his work and multiple "critical strategies" for developing interpretations and stylistic analyses of it (Merritt, ''Pinter in Play'').

On 9 October 2008, the [[Central School of Speech and Drama]] announced that Pinter had agreed to become its [[president]] and to receive an [[Honorary title (academic)|honorary fellowship]] in the School's graduation ceremony on 10 December 2008 ("Central Announces").  On his appointment Pinter commented: "I was a student at Central in 1950–51.  I enjoyed my time there very much and I am delighted to become president of a remarkable institution" (Smith, "Pinter Replaces"). But Pinter had to receive that honorary degree, his 20th, in absentia, due to ill health ("2008 Central School").<ref>See [http://entertainment.aol.co.uk/entertainment-news/degree-honour-for-playwright-pinter/article/20081210135450881462169 "Degree Honour for Playwright Pinter"] and other news accounts citing the [[Central School of Speech and Drama]].</ref>  His presidency of the School was brief, as he died just two weeks after the graduation ceremony, on 24 December 2008.

==Archive==
{{See|The Harold Pinter Archive in the British Library|Bibliography for Harold Pinter#The Harold Pinter Archive in the British Library}}
Pinter's unpublished manuscripts and letters to and from him are held in the Modern Literary Manuscripts division of the [[British Library]] (BL), where the catalogued expanded Harold Pinter Archive acquired in December 2007 reopened on 2 February 2009 (O'Brien).  Smaller collections of Pinter manuscripts are in the [[Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center]], the [[University of Texas at Austin]]<ref name=RansomColl>''[http://research.hrc.utexas.edu:8080/hrcxtf/view?docId=ead/00108.xml Harold Pinter: An Inventory of His Collection at the Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center]'' (1960–1980), [[Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center]], [[University of Texas at Austin]].</ref>; [[Indiana University (Bloomington)#The Lilly Library|The Lilly Library]], at [[Indiana University (Bloomington)|Indiana University at Bloomington]]; the Mandeville Special Collections Library, Geisel Library, at the [[University of California, San Diego]]; the [[British Film Institute]], in London, England; the [[Margaret Herrick|Margaret Herrick Library]], [[Pickford Center for Motion Picture Study]], the [[Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences]], in [[Beverly Hills, California]]; and in other public and private libraries.<ref>See Baker and Ross, "Appendix One" 224 and Merritt, "Harold Pinter Bibliography," cited in Baker and Ross.</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|Theatre}}
*[[Antonia Fraser#Forthcoming work|Antonia Fraser's forthcoming memoir of Harold Pinter entitled ''Must You Go? My Life with Harold Pinter'']]
*''[[Belarus Free Theatre#History|Being Harold Pinter]]'' ([[Belarus Free Theatre#Subsequent international support and performances|Belarus Free Theatre]])
*[[Jewish left]]
*[[Michael Billington (critic)#Biographical and critical studies|Michael Billington's critical biography entitled ''Harold Pinter'']]

==Notes==
{{Reflist|2}}

==Works cited and further reading==
{{See|Bibliography for Harold Pinter|Works of Harold Pinter}}
:[For individual works by Pinter and related stage productions cited, see their classified entries listed in [[Bibliography for Harold Pinter]].]

===Bio-bibliography===
{{See also|Bibliography for Harold Pinter#Bibliographical resources}}
{{refbegin|indent=yes|2}}
Baker, William, and John C. Ross, comps.  ''Harold Pinter: A Bibliographical History''.  London: The [[British Library]] and New Castle, DE: Oak Knoll P, 2005.  {{ISBN|1584561564}} (10).  {{ISBN|9781584561569}} (13).  Print.  "Oak Knoll Press Bestsellers", {{cite web|url= http://www.oakknoll.com/resources/pdfcatalogues/Cat2007Spring_web.pdf |title=''[http://www.oakknoll.com/resources/pdfcatalogues/Cat2007Spring_web.pdf Spring – Summer 2007 Catalogue]'' }}''[http://www.oakknoll.com/resources/pdfcatalogues/Cat2007Spring_web.pdf Spring – Summer 2007 Catalogue]''&nbsp;{{small|(9.25&nbsp;MB)}}.  Oak Knoll Press, 2007.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.  (Page 37 of 40 pages.)

[http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/2005/bio-bibl.html "Biobibliographical Notes"] and [http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/2005/pinter-bibl.html "Bibliography"] for "Harold Pinter, [[Nobel Prize in Literature]] 2005."  In "[http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/2005/bio-bibl.html Bio-bibliography]".  By [[Swedish Academy|The Swedish Academy]]. ''The Nobel Prize in Literature 2005''.  ''nobelprize.org''.  The Swedish Academy and The Nobel Foundation, Oct. 2005.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  6 Jan. 2009. ([[English language|English]] [[HTML]] version.)  [Additional [[PDF]] versions accessible in English, [[French language|French]], [[German language|German]], and [[Swedish language|Swedish]] via hyperlinks.]

''[http://research.hrc.utexas.edu:8080/hrcxtf/view?docId=ead/00108.xml Harold Pinter: An Inventory of His Collection at the Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center]'' (1960–1980).  [[Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center]], [[University of Texas at Austin]], 1999.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  5 Apr. 2009.

[http://www.haroldpinter.org/links/links_academia.shtml "Links: Libraries and Academia"] and [http://www.haroldpinter.org/publications/index.shtml "Publications": "Works By" and "Works About" Pinter].  ''haroldpinter.org''.  Harold Pinter, 2000–[2009].  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  18 Apr. 2009.

Merritt, Susan Hollis, comp.  [http://susanhollismerritt.org/_wsn/page2.html "Harold Pinter Bibliography"]. ''SusanHollisMerritt.org''.  Susan Hollis Merritt, 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  18 Apr. 2009.  (Webpage pertaining to the "Harold Pinter Bibliography" published in ''The Pinter Review''.  Tampa: U of Tampa P, 1987–  .)

–––.  "Harold Pinter Bibliography: 2000–2002."  ''The Pinter Review: Collected Essays 2003 and 2004''.  Ed. Francis Gillen and Steven H. Gale.  Tampa: U of Tampa P, 2004.  242–300.  Print.

–––.  "Harold Pinter Bibliography: 2002–2004 ''With a Special Supplement on the 2005 Nobel Prize in Literature, October 2005 – May 2006''."  ''The Pinter Review: Nobel Prize/Europe Theatre Prize Volume: 2005 – 2008''.  Ed. Francis Gillen with Steven H. Gale.  Tampa: U of Tampa P, 2008.  261–343.  Print.

''[http://www.haroldpinter.org/pinterreview/index.shtml The Pinter Review]''.  Tampa: U of Tampa P, 1987–   ).  Ed. Francis Gillen and Steven H. Gale.  ''HaroldPinter.org''.  Harold Pinter, 2000–[2008].  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  3 Jan. 2009.  [Table of contents of past issues, retyped on index Webpage; occasional typographical variations.]

''The Pinter Review: Nobel Prize/Europe Theatre Prize Volume: 2005 – 2008''.  Ed. Francis Gillen with Steven H. Gale.  Tampa: U of Tampa P, 2008.  {{ISBN|9781879852198}}  (hardcover).  {{ISBN|9781879852204}} (softcover).  {{ISSN|08959706}}.  Print.

[[Swedish Academy|The Swedish Academy]].  [http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/2005/bio-bibl.html "Bio-bibliography]: Harold Pinter, Nobel Prize in Literature 2005".  ''NobelPrize.org''.  The Swedish Academy and [[Nobel Prize|The Nobel Foundation]], 2005.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  5 Jan. 2009.  (Contains both [http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/2005/bio-bibl.html "Biobibliographical Notes"] and "[http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/2005/pinter-bibl.html "Bibliography"], with the latter hyperlinked separately in site menu.)
{{refend}}

===Selected multimedia resources===
{{See also|Bibliography for Harold Pinter#Multimedia resources}}
{{refbegin|indent=yes|2}}
BWW News Desk.  [http://broadwayworld.com/article/Photo_Flash_NO_MANS_LAND_at_the_Duke_of_York_20000101 "Photo Flash: No Man's Land at the Duke of York....Photos by Jeremy Whelehan"].  ''BroadwayWorld.com''.  Broadway World, 10 Nov. 2008. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  26 Dec. 2008.

''[http://www.channel4.com/more4/drama/c/celebration.html Celebration]'' (2000).  ''[[More 4]]''.  [[Channel Four]], London.  [[Television]].  Channel 4, 26 Feb. 2007.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  6 Jan. 2009.  (Includes [[video clips]] of filmed stage prod.; first broadcast Feb. 2007.)

''[http://www.illuminationsmedia.co.uk/filmstobuy/category/6/product/6/harold_pinter_art,_truth__politics.html Harold Pinter: Art, Truth & Politics]'': The Nobel Prize Lecture.  © Copyright 2006 Illuminations. All Rights Reserved.  Transmission Channel 4, 2005. [[Digital Video Disc|DVD]].  46 mins. ([[Digital Video Disc|DVD]] and [[VHS]] video recordings.  Catalogue listing.)  2 Oct. 2007.  [Features preview [[video clip]].]
{{refend}}

===Selected interviews===
{{See also|Bibliography for Harold Pinter#Interviews}}
{{refbegin|indent=yes|2}}
Batty, Mark.  "Pinter Views: Pinter on Pinter."  79–153 (chap. 8) in Batty, ''About Pinter''.  Print.

Bensky, Lawrence M.  [http://www.theparisreview.org/viewinterview.php/prmMID/4351 "The Art of Theatre No. 3: Harold Pinter"].  ''[[The Paris Review|Paris Rev.]]'' 10.39 (Fall 1966): 12–37.  Print.  Excerpt from archived contents of journal; hyperlinked {{cite web|url= http://www.theparisreview.org/media/4351_PINTER.pdf |title="The Art of Theatre No. 3: Harold Pinter" }}&nbsp;{{small|(280&nbsp;KB)}}. ''Paris Review''.  Paris Review Foundation, Inc., 2004.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.  [A frequently-cited source of Pinter's early views.]

[[Michael Billington (critic)|Billington, Michael]].  [http://www.guardian.co.uk/g2/story/0,,1730237,00.html "&nbsp;'I've written 29 damn plays.  Isn't that enough?'&nbsp;"] ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]''.  [[Guardian Media Group]], 17 Mar. 2006. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.  Transcript.

–––, comp.  [http://books.guardian.co.uk/nobelprize/story/0,,1592185,00.html "&nbsp;'They said you've a call from the Nobel committee. I said, why?': Harold Pinter in His Own Words"]. ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]''.  [[Guardian Media Group]], 14 Oct. 2005.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

Bull, Andy.  [http://www.guardian.co.uk/culture/2008/dec/26/harold-pinter-final-interview "Playwright Harold Pinter's Last Interview Reveals His Childhood Love of Cricket and Why It Is Better Than Sex"].  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]''.  [[Guardian Media Group]], 27 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  7 Mar. 2009.

[[Harry Burton (actor)|Burton, Harry]].   [http://www.bl.uk/whatson/podcasts/exhibition/golden/ "Harold Pinter - Interview (MP3, 47mins, 19MB)"] (Golden Generation conference podcast).  ''[[British Library]] Online Gallery: What's On''.  British Library, 8 Sept. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  14 Mar. 2009.  Downloadable [[MP3]] [[podcast]].  ["Harold Pinter shares his memories of postwar British theatre with actor and director Harry Burton."  Introduced by Jamie Andrews (Head, Modern Literary Manuscripts, British Library) and recorded at the Golden Generation conference, held at the British Library on 8–9 Sept. 2008.]

[[Mel Gussow|Gussow, Mel]].  ''Conversations with Pinter.'' London: [[Nick Hern Books]], 1994. {{ISBN|1854592017}}.  Rpt. New York: Limelight, 2004. {{ISBN|0879101792}}. Print.

[[Nick Hern Books|Hern, Nicholas]], and Harold Pinter.  "A Play and Its Politics: A Conversation between Harold Pinter and Nicholas Hern."  February 1985.  5–23 in Pinter, ''One for the Road''.  Print.

Johnson, B. S.  "Evacuees" (1968). ''The Pinter Review: Annual Essays 1994''.  Ed. Francis Gillen and Steven H. Gale.  Tampa: U of Tampa P, 1994.  8-13.  Print.

Jones, Rebecca, and Harold Pinter.  [http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/today/listenagain/ram/today5_pinter_20080512.ram Interview].  ''[[Today programme|Today]]''. ''[[BBC Radio 4]]''  [[BBC]], 12 May 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  7 Apr. 2009.  ([[MP3|Streaming audio]] [excerpts], BBC Radio Player; "extended interview" audio [[RealAudio|RealAudio Media]] [.ram] clip ["PINTER20080513"].  Duration of shorter, broadcast version: 3 mins., 56 secs.; duration of the extended interview: 10 mins., 19 secs.)  [Interview with Pinter conducted by Jones on the occasion of the 50th anniversary revival of ''[[The Birthday Party (play)|The Birthday Party]]'' at the [[Lyric Hammersmith]], [[London]]; BBC Radio Player version was accessible for a week after first broadcast in "Listen again" on the ''Today'' website.]

Koval, Ramona. [http://www.abc.net.au/rn/arts/bwriting/stories/s671912.htm "Harold Pinter"].  ''Books and Writing with Ramona Koval''.  [[Radio National|ABC Radio National]].  [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]], 15 Sept. 2002.  Conducted at [[Edinburgh Book Festival]], Edinburgh, Scotland, Aug. 2002.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.  [[Radio]].  Transcript.

–––.  [http://www.abc.net.au/rn/bookshow/stories/2006/1746077.htm "Harold Pinter, Nobel Prize-Winning Playwright and Poet], at [[Edinburgh Book Festival|Edinburgh International Book Festival]] (transcript available)."  Edinburgh, Scotland, 25 Aug. 2006. ''The Book Show''.  [[Radio National|ABC Radio National]].  [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]],  25 Sept. 2006.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  26 Sept. 2006.  Radio.  Transcript.  (Downloadable [[MP3]] audio file and printable transcript.)  [Audio file includes Pinter's dramatic reading of a scene from his play ''[[The Birthday Party (play)|The Birthday Party]]''.]

Lawson, Mark.  [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/arts/4305725.stm "Pinter 'to give up writing plays'&nbsp;"].  Inc. "Pinter on Front Row".  Broadcast on [[BBC Radio 4]].  [[BBC News]], 28 Feb. 2005 (last updated).  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  11 Nov. 2006 & 2 Oct. 2007. Radio.  ([[RealPlayer]] audio.)

Lyall, Sarah.  [http://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/07/movies/07lyal.html "Still Pinteresque"].  ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]'' 7 Oct. 2007, sec. 2 ("Arts & Leisure"): 1, 16; illus.  Print.  ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]'', Movies.  [[The New York Times Company|New York Times Company]], 7 Oct. 2007.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  6 Jan. 2009.  [Feature article which previews ''[[Sleuth (2007 film)|Sleuth]]''; includes comments from Lyall's interview with Pinter and the hyperlinked [[film trailer]].]

Riddell, Mary. [http://www.newstatesman.co.uk/199911080014.htm "The New Statesman Interview: Harold Pinter"].  ''[[New Statesman]]''.  New Statesman, 8 Nov. 1999.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  6 Jan. 2009.  [Includes [[Media clip|audio clip]].]

[[Charlie Rose|Rose, Charlie]].  [http://www.charlierose.com/view/interview/9889 "An Appreciation of Harold Pinter"].  ''[[The Charlie Rose Show]]''.  [[WNET]], New York, 2 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  14 Mar. 2009.  [Rebroadcast of "A Conversation with Harold Pinter" (filmed at the Old Vic Theatre and first broadcast on 1 Mar. 2007).  Introduced as "An appreciation of English dramatist, actor and theater director Harold Pinter who died on December 24, 2008" ("In memoriam"). (52 mins., 52 secs.; buffered).]

–––.  "A Conversation with Harold Pinter."  ''[[Charlie Rose (talk show)|Charlie Rose]]''. [[Public Broadcasting Service|PBS]].  [[WNET]], New York, 19 July 2001.  [[Television]].  [First broadcast on 19 July 2001 from 11:00 p.m. EST to 12:00 a.m. EST; also broadcast on PBS affiliate channels at various scheduled times.  (58 mins.).] [http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=5643475180929004220&q=owner%3ACharlie_Rose+Harold+Pinter Video clip] (57 mins., 47 secs.).  ''Google Video''.  [[Google]], n.d.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007 & 3 Jan. 2009.

–––. [http://www.charlierose.com/guests/harold-pinter "A Conversation with Harold Pinter"] (Filmed at the [[Old Vic]], London). ''[[Charlie Rose (talk show)|Charlie Rose]]''. [[Public Broadcasting Service|PBS]].   [[WNET]], New York, 1 Mar. 2007.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  1 Mar. 2007.  [[Television]].  [First broadcast on 1 Mar. 2007 from 11:00 p.m. ET to 12:00 a.m. ET; also broadcast on PBS affiliate channels at various scheduled times. [[Public Broadcasting Service|PBS]].  [[WXXI-TV]], [[Rochester, New York]], 1 Mar. 2007.  Broadcast from 11:00 p.m. ET to 12:00 a.m. ET. (52 mins., 21 secs.)  Full-length streaming video accessible directly from the show's Website.  Rebroadcast as "An Appreciation of Harold Pinter" (See above).]

[[Kirsty Wark|Wark, Kirsty]].  [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/newsnight/5110060.stm "Harold Pinter on ''Newsnight Review''"].  [[BBC News]].  [[BBC]], 23 June 2006.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  6 Jan. 2009.  ["Kirsty Wark introduces her interview with Harold Pinter, which aired on ''[[Newsnight#Newsnight Review|Newsnight Review]]'', Friday 23 June, at 11pm on [[BBC Two|BBC TWO]]." (See below).]

–––.  [http://news.bbc.co.uk/nolavconsole/ukfs_news/hi/newsid_4780000/newsid_4785400/nb_rm_4785475.stm "Interviews: Nobel Prize Winning Playwright Harold Pinter Talks to Kirsty Wark"].   ''[[Newsnight#Newsnight Review|Newsnight Review]]''.  [[BBC Two]], London, 23 June 2006.  [[Television]]. [[BBC News]]. [[BBC]], 25 June 2006. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  6 Jan. 2009.  [[RealPlayer]] [[Streaming media|streaming video]].  (See above.)
{{refend}}

===Official authorised biography===
{{refbegin|indent=yes|2}}
[[Michael Billington (critic)|Billington, Michael]].  ''Harold Pinter''.  London: [[Faber and Faber|Faber]], 2007.  {{ISBN|9780571234769}} (13).  Updated 2nd ed. of ''The Life and Work of Harold Pinter''.  1996.  London: Faber, 1997. {{ISBN|0571171036}} (10). Print.
{{refend}}

===Other selected secondary sources===
{{refbegin|indent=yes|2}}
Agencies.  [http://books.guardian.co.uk/nobelprize/story/0,,1591412,00.html "&nbsp;'The foremost representative of British drama':] Excerpts from the Swedish Academy's Citation Awarding the 2005 Nobel Prize for Literature to British Playwright Harold Pinter."  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]'', Culture: Books.  [[Guardian Media Group]],  13 Oct. 2005. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  23 Mar. 2009. (Previously part of "Special Reports: The Nobel Prize for Literature" in 2005.)

Allen-Mills, Tony.  [http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/article586943.ece "This Pinter Guy Could Turn Into a Pain"].  ''[[The Sunday Times|Times Online]]''. [[News International]], 6 Nov. 2005. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  15 Mar. 2009.  ["Belatedly, Americans are wising up to a Nobel menace, says Tony Allen-Mills."]

Anderson, Porter.  [http://www.cnn.com/2006/SHOWBIZ/books/03/16/pinter.europe/index.html "Harold Pinter: Theater's Angry Old Man:] At the Prize of Europe, the Playwright Is All Politics."  ''[[CNN|CNN.com]]''. [[CNN]], 17 Mar. 2006. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

Baker, William.  ''Harold Pinter''.  Writers' Lives Series.  London and New York: [[Continuum International Publishing Group]], 2008.  {{ISBN|0826499708}} (10) (hardback). {{ISBN|9780826499707}} (13) (hardback).  {{ISBN|0826499716}} (10) (paperback). {{ISBN|9780826499714}} (13) (paperback). Print.

Batiukov, Michael. [http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/viewArticle.asp?articleID=35833 "Belarus 'Free Theatre' Is Under Attack by Militia in Minsk, Belarus"]. ''[[The American Chronicle|American Chronicle]]''.  Ultio, LLC, 22 Aug. 2007. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

Batty, Mark.  ''About Pinter: The Playwright and the Work''.  London: Faber, 2005. {{ISBN|0571220053}} (10).  {{ISBN|9780571220052}} (13). Print.  [Includes chap. 9, "Views on Pinter: Friends and Collaborators" on 155–221.]

Begley, Varun.  ''Harold Pinter and the Twilight of Modernism''.  Toronto: U of Toronto P, 2005.  {{ISBN|0802038875}} (10).  {{ISBN|9780802038876}} (13). Print.

[[Michael Billington (critic)|Billington, Michael]]. [http://blogs.guardian.co.uk/theatre/2007/04/the_importance_of_being_pinter.html "The Importance of Being Pinter:] A New Production by the Belarus Free Theatre Reinforces the Global Resonance of the British Playwright's Political Works." ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]'', Arts blog – Theatre. [[Guardian Media Group]], 16 Apr. 2007. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  16 April 2007.

–––.  [http://www.guardian.co.uk/stage/2006/oct/16/theatre.beckettat100 "Krapp's Last Tape: 4 Stars Royal Court, London"].  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]'', Theatre. [[Guardian Media Group]], 16 Oct. 2006. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  6 Jan. 2009.

–––. [http://books.guardian.co.uk/news/articles/0,6109,1661931,00.html "Passionate Pinter's Devastating Assault On US Foreign Policy]: Shades of Beckett As Ailing Playwright Delivers Powerful Nobel Lecture."  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]''. [[Guardian Media Group]],  8 Dec. 2005, Books. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

–––. [http://www.guardian.co.uk/comment/story/0,,2023570,00.html "We Are Catching Up With This Man's Creative Talent At Last"]. ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]'', Comment.   [[Guardian Media Group]],  1 Mar. 2007. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  11 Oct. 2007.  ["The current rash of Pinter revivals is about far more than guilt or respect.  Both artistically and politically, he was ahead of the pack."]

Bond, Paul.  [http://www.wsws.org/articles/2005/dec2005/pint-d29.shtml "Harold Pinter's Artistic Achievement"].  ''[[World Socialist Web Site]]''.  World Socialist Web Site, 29 Dec. 2005. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

[[Ben Brantley|Brantley, Ben]].  [http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/p/harold_pinter/index.html "Harold Pinter"].  ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]'', Times Topics .  [[The New York Times Company|New York Times Company]], 2009 (updated periodically). [[World Wide Web|Web]].  6 Jan. 2009.  [Introd. to hyperlinked ''Harold Pinter News––New York Times''; includes menu of recommended external links.]

–––.  "A Master of Menace." (Audio file.)  (See "Multimedia resources" listed below.)

Brown, Mark.  [http://www.socialistreview.org.uk/article.php?articlenumber=8575 "What Is It (War) Good for?"]  ''[[Socialist Review]]''.  Socialist Review, Sept. 2003. [[World Wide Web|Web]].   2 Oct. 2007.  [Book rev. of ''War'', by Harold Pinter.]

[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4505874.stm "Bush and Blair Slated by Pinter"].  ''[[BBC News]]''. [[BBC]], 7 Dec. 2005. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007. (Features related links.)

''[http://cco.cambridge.org/extract?id=ccol0521651239_CCOL0521651239_root The Cambridge Companion to Harold Pinter]''.  Ed. Peter Raby.  Cambridge Companions to Literature.  Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2001.  {{ISBN|052165842X}} (10).  {{ISBN|9780521658423}} (13). Print.   ''Cambridge Collections Online''. Cambridge University Press, n.d. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  11 October 2007. [Hyperlinked table of contents.]

[[Central School of Speech and Drama]] (CSSD).  [http://www.cssd.ac.uk/news.php/13/central_announces_new_president.html "Central Announces New President"].  [[Press release]]. [[Central School of Speech and Drama]].  [[University of London]],  9 Oct. 2008. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  15 Oct. 2008.

–––. [http://www.cssd.ac.uk/news.php/14/centralrsquos_2008_graduation_ceremony.html "Central's 2008 Graduation Ceremony:] Honorary Fellowships for Harold Pinter, [[Jo Brand]] and [[Penny Francis]]."  [[Press release]]. [[Central School of Speech and Drama]].   [[University of London]], 12 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]]. 1 Jan. 2009.

Chrisafis, Angelique, and Imogen Tilden. [http://www.guardian.co.uk/arts/news/story/0,11711,975050,00.html "Pinter Blasts 'Nazi America' and 'deluded idiot' Blair"].  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]''. [[Guardian Media Group]],  11 June 2003. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

Coppa, Francesca. [http://cco.cambridge.org/extract?id=ccol0521651239_CCOL0521651239A006 "The Sacred Joke:] Comedy and Politics in Pinter's Early Plays."  44–56 in ''The Cambridge Companion to Harold Pinter''.  Ed. Peter Raby.  Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2001. Print.  ''Cambridge Collections Online''.  Cambridge University Press, n.d.  [[World Wide Web|Web]]. 4 Jan. 2009. [Extract; registered account required for access to full text.]

[http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F02E3DD163BF934A35753C1A964948260 "Death of Vivien Merchant Is Ascribed to Alcoholism"]. ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]''. [[The New York Times Company|New York Times Company]], 7 Oct. 1982.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  3 Oct. 2007.

[http://entertainment.aol.co.uk/entertainment-news/degree-honour-for-playwright-pinter/article/20081210135450881462169 "Degree Honour for Playwright Pinter"]. ''AOL.co.uk''. [[AOL]] (UK), 10 Dec. 2008. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  12 Mar. 2009.  [Cites [[Central School of Speech and Drama]].]

Dougary, Ginny.  [http://women.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/women/article4241665.ece "Lady Antonia Fraser's Life Less Ordinary:] In a Frank Interview, the Famed Writer Talks about Motherhood, Catholicism, Her Parents and Soulmate Harold Pinter." ''[[The Times|Times Online]]''. [[News International]] ([[News Corporation]]),  5 July 2008. [[World Wide Web|Web]].   5 July 2008.

Eden, Richard, and Tim Walker.  [http://www.bookrags.com/highbeam/a-pinteresque-silence-20060827-hb/ "Mandrake: A Pinteresque Silence"]. ''[[The Daily Telegraph|Sunday Telegraph]]''. [[Telegraph Media Group]], 27 Aug. 2006.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.  <nowiki><http://www.telegraph.co.uk/opinion/main.jhtml?xml=/opinion/2006/08/27/nosplit/dp2701.xml></nowiki> (original URL).  ''Bookrags: [[HighBeam Research]]''. [[Cengage Learning]] (Gale), 27 Aug. 2006.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  16 Mar. 2009.  (Free trial for non-subscribers).<!--This article was fully checked and its content fully verified on 2 Oct. 2007 from the original URL.-->

[[Niall Ferguson|Ferguson, Niall]].  [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/personal-view/3621643/Do-the-sums-then-compare-US-and-Communist-crimes-from-the-Cold-War.html "Personal View: Do the Sums, Then Compare US and Communist Crimes from the Cold War"].  ''[[The Daily Telegraph|Telegraph]]''. [[Telegraph Media Group]],  11 Dec. 2005.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  9 May 2009.

French Embassy in the [[United Kingdom]].  [http://www.ambafrance-uk.org/Legion-d-honneur-for-Harold-Pinter.html "Harold Pinter Awarded Légion d'Honneur"].  ''France in the United Kingdom''.  French Embassy (UK), 17 Jan. 2007.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  3 Oct. 2007. ([[News release|Press release]].)

[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/6273365.stm "French PM Honours Harold Pinter"].  [[BBC News]]. [[BBC]], 18 Jan. 2007. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

Grimes, Charles.  ''Harold Pinter's Politics:  A Silence Beyond Echo''.  Madison & Teaneck: Fairleigh Dickinson UP; Cranbury, NJ: Associated UP, 2005.  {{ISBN|0838640508}}. Print.

[[Mel Gussow|Gussow, Mel]]. [http://theater2.nytimes.com/mem/theater/treview.html?_r=1&pagewanted=print&res=9D0CEFDD103FF932A05754C0A967958260&oref=slogin "Critic's Notebook]: On the London Stage, a Feast of Revenge, Menace and Guilt."  ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]''. [[The New York Times Company|New York Times Company]],  31 July 1991. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.  (Site registration may be required.)

Hadley, Kathryn.  [http://historytodaymagazine.blogspot.com/2009/06/forward-to-freedom.html "Forward to Freedom"].  ''History Today News'', History in the News.  History Today Magazine, 15 June 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  25 June 2009.

[[Johann Hari|Hari, Johann]].  [http://www.johannhari.com/archive/article.php?id=741 "Johann Hari: Pinter Does Not Deserve the Nobel Prize:] The Only Response to His Nobel Rant (and Does Anyone Doubt It Will Be a Rant?) Will Be a Long, Long Pause" (column).  ''[[The Independent|Independent]]'', Comment.  [[Independent News & Media]], 6 Dec. 2005.  Johann Hari, 2 Oct. 2007.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  12 Oct. 2007.  (Archived in ''johannhari.com''.)

[http://www.readings.org/news/011001pinter.html "Harold Pinter Added to IFOA Lineup"]. Press release.  International Festival of Authors (IFOA), Toronto, 1 Oct. 2001. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  1 Oct. 2001.  [http://web.archive.org/web/20020225161916/http://www.readings.org/news/011001pinter.html "Harold Pinter Added to IFOA Lineup"].  Archived IFOA press release. ''[[The Internet Archive]]: The Wayback Machine''. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  4 Oct. 2007.

[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/4502430.stm "Harold Pinter Taken to Hospital"].  ''[[BBC News]]''.  [[BBC]], 30 Nov. 2005.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  7 May 2009.

[[Christopher Hitchens|Hitchens, Christopher]]. [http://online.wsj.com/article/SB112950379731670200.html "Opinion: The Sinister Mediocrity of Harold Pinter"].   ''[[The Wall Street Journal|Wall Street Jour.]]'' 17 Oct. 2005, A18. Print.  Wall Street Journal ([[Dow Jones & Company]]), 17 Oct. 2005. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  7 May 2009. [Electronic ed.; printable version "for personal, non-commercial use only."]

[[Harold Hobson|Hobson, Harold]].  "The Screw Turns Again."  ''[[The Times|Sunday Times]]'' 25 May 1958: 11.   Print.   (Cited in Merritt, ''Pinter in Play''.)  Rpt. in ''The Birthday Party''.  ''HaroldPinter.org''.  Harold Pinter, 2000–[2008].   [[World Wide Web|Web]].  3 Oct. 2007.  (See also "Stage productions" listed above.)

Hodgson, Martin.  [http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/this_britain/article2237707.ece "British Jews Break Away from 'pro-Israeli' Board of Deputies"]. ''[[The Independent|Independent]]''.  [[Independent News & Media]], 5 Feb. 2007. [[World Wide Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

Honigsbaum, Mark.  [http://books.guardian.co.uk/nobelprize/story/0,,1649409,00.html "Publisher to Stand In for Pinter at Nobel Ceremony"].  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]''. [[Guardian Media Group]],  24 Nov. 2005. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

Howard, Jennifer.  [http://chronicle.com/free/2005/10/2005101301n.htm "Nobel Prize in Literature Goes to Harold Pinter, British Playwright Widely Studied in Academe"].  ''[[The Chronicle of Higher Education|Chronicle of Higher Education]]''.  Chronicle of Higher Education, 13 Oct. 2006. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

[[David Jones (director)|Jones, David]].  [http://roundabouttheater.org/fc/fall03/jones.htm "Travels with Harold"].  ''Front & Center Online'' ("The Online Version of [[Roundabout Theatre Company]]'s Subscriber Magazine").  Roundabout Theatre Company, Fall 2003.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  9 Oct. 2007.  (3 pages.)  ["David Jones' Staging of ''The Caretaker'' for Roundabout Culminates a 40-Year Career Acting and Directing the Work of Harold Pinter.  Here the Director Looks Back."]

[http://www.premio-europa.org/open_page.php?id=319 "Letter of Motivation for the European Theatre Prize"].  10th Edition of the [[Europe Theatre Prize]] to Harold Pinter ("X Premio Europa per il teatro a Harold Pinter").  ''premio-europa.org''.  Europe Theatre Prize, [[Turin]], Italy, 8–12 Mar. 2006.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  10 Mar. 2009.

Lyall, Sarah. [http://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/08/international/europe/08pinter.html "Playwright Takes a Prize and a Jab at U.S."]  ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]''. [[The New York Times Company|New York Times Company]],  8 Dec. 2006. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.  [Correction appended 10 Dec. 2005: "''An article on Thursday about the playwright Harold Pinter's criticism of American foreign policy in his acceptance speech for the Nobel Prize for literature described it incompletely. He said that both President Bush and Prime Minister Tony Blair - and not just Prime Minister Blair - should be tried before the [[International Criminal Court]] of Justice for the [[2003 invasion of Iraq|invasion of Iraq]].''"]

Mbeki, Thabo.  [http://www.anc.org.za/ancdocs/anctoday/2005/at42.htm "Letter from the President: Hail the Nobel Laureates - Apostles of Human Curiosity!"].  ''[[African National Congress|ANC]] Today'' ("Online Voice of the African National Congress") 5.42 (21–27 Oct. 2005). [[African National Congress]], 12 Nov. 2007. [[World Wide Web|Web]].

[McDowell, Leslie.]  "Book Festival Reviews: [http://living.scotsman.com/topics.cfm?tid=893&id=1260982006 Pinter at 75: The Anger Still Burns: Harold Pinter"]. ''[[The Scotsman]]'' 26 Aug. 2006: 5.  Print.  The Scotsman Publications Limited ([[Johnston Press]] Plc), (updated) 27 Aug. 2006.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  6 Jan. 2009.

Merritt, Susan Hollis. "(Anti-)Global Pinter."  ''The Pinter Review: Nobel Prize/Europe Theatre Prize Volume: 2005 – 2008''.  Ed. Francis Gillen with Steven H. Gale.  Tampa: U of Tampa P, 2008.  140–67.  Print.

–––.  "Europe Theatre Prize Celebration -- Turin, Italy."  ''Harold Pinter Society Newsletter'', Fall 2006. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  (Downloadable electronic document sent to members.)

–––.  ''Pinter in Play: Critical Strategies and the Plays of Harold Pinter''.  1990.  Durham and London: Duke UP, 1995. {{ISBN|0822316749}} (10).  {{ISBN|9780822316749}} (13). Print.

–––.  "Talking about Pinter."  (On the Lincoln Center Festival 2001: Harold Pinter Festival Symposia.)  ''The Pinter Review: Collected Essays 2001 and 2002''.  Ed. Francis Gillen and Steven H. Gale.  Tampa: U of Tampa P, 2002.  144–67. Print.

Moss, Stephen.  [http://www.guardian.co.uk/saturday_review/story/0,3605,268400,00.html "The Guardian Profile: Harold Pinter: Under the Volcano"].  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]''. [[Guardian Media Group]],  4 Sept. 1999. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

[http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/nobelprize2005 "The Nobel Prize for Literature 2005: Harold Pinter"].  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]''.  [[Guardian Media Group]], [2005–2009].  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  23 Mar. 2009.  (Index of articles; some part of "Special Reports: The Nobel Prize for Literature" in 2005.)

[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,917680-1,00.html "People"]. ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' .  Time Inc., 11 Aug. 1975. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007. [Archived in the ''[http://www.time.com/time/archive Time Archive: 1923 to the Present]''.] (Page 1 of 2 pages.)<!--Updated URLs.-->

[http://reporter.leeds.ac.uk/press_releases/current/pinter.htm "Pinter Honoured for a Lifetime's Contribution to the Arts"]. [[University of Leeds]] press release.  University of Leeds, 13 Apr. 2007.   [[World Wide Web|Web]].  15 Apr. 2007.

[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4338082.stm "Pinter Wins Nobel Literary Prize"]. ''[[BBC News]]'' . [[BBC]], 13 Oct. 2005. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

[http://www.socialistworker.co.uk/art.php?id=15188 "Protesters Will Defy Ban on Anti-Bush Demo on Sunday 15 June"].  ''[[Socialist Worker]] Online'' ([[United Kingdom|UK]]).  Socialist Worker, 14 June 2008. [[World Wide Web|Web]]. 12 June 2008.

[[David Pryce-Jones|Pryce-Jones, David]].  [http://article.nationalreview.com/?q=YTkzMWIwZGU4YTkxYTZkMjk4NTE2NDMxMzU2YmVhN2Y= "Harold Pinter's Special Triteness:] Harold Pinter Wins the [[Nobel Prize in Literature]]."  ''[[National Review]]'' 7 Nov. 2005.  [[National Review|National Review Online]] ([[National Review|National Review, Inc.]]), 28 Oct. 2005.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  3 Mar. 2009.  Rpt. in [http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1282/is_20_57/ai_n15926063 "News Publications: 2005 Ad"].  ''[[BNET]]: Business Network''.  [[FindArticles]] ([[Gale (Cengage)|Gale Cengage Learning]]), 2008.  [[CBS Interactive]], Inc., 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  7 Mar. 2009.  (3 pages.)

Quigley, Austin E.  "Pinter, Politics and Postmodernmism (I)."  7–27 in ''The Cambridge Companion to Harold Pinter''. Print.

Reddy, E.S. "Free Mandela: An Account of the Campaign to Free Nelson Mandela and All Other Political Prisoners in South Africa."  ''[http://www.anc.org.za/ancdocs/history/campaigns/prisoner.html African National Congress (ANC): Documents: History of Campaigns]''.  African National Congress, July 1988. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  5 Jan. 2009.

Riddell, Mary.  [http://books.guardian.co.uk/nobelprize/story/0,,1664822,00.html "Comment: Prophet without Honour:] Harold Pinter Can Be Cantankerous and Puerile. But He Is a Worthy Nobel Prizewinner."  ''[[Guardian.co.uk]]''. [[Guardian Media Group]], 11 Dec. 2005. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  6 Jan. 2009.

Robinson, David.  [http://living.scotsman.com/books.cfm?id=1265162006 "Books: Doyle Returns to an Old Favourite in New Work; . . . Harold Pinter"].  ''[[The Scotsman|Scotsman]]'', Living.  Scotsman, 28 Aug. 2006. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

–––.  [http://news.scotsman.com/uk.cfm?id=1258602006 "I'm Written Out, Says Controversial Pinter"]. ''[[The Scotsman|Scotsman]]'' 26 Aug. 2006: 6.  Print.  Scotsman, 26 Aug. 2006. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  26 Aug. 2006.

[[Sheffield Theatres]].  [http://www.sheffieldtheatres.co.uk/index.cfm?fuseaction=news.view&NewsID=222 "Latest News: August 2006: Sheffield Theatres Presents Pinter: A Celebration"].  Press release.  Sheffield Theatres, 18 Aug. 2006.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  7 Jan. 2009.

Shenton, Mark.  [http://blogs.thestage.co.uk/shenton/2006/03/pinter-in-turin/ "Pinter in Turin"].  ''[[The Stage|Stage]] [[Blog]]s: Shenton's View''.  Stage Newspaper Limited, 11 Mar. 2006.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  15 Mar. 2009.

Smith, Alastair. [http://www.thestage.co.uk/news/newsstory.php/22095/pinter-replaces-mandelson-as-central "Pinter Replaces Mandelson as Central President"].  ''[[The Stage|Stage]]''.  Stage Newspaper Limited, 14 Oct. 2008. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  15 Oct. 2008.

Smith, Neil.  [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/4339096.stm "&nbsp;'Political element' to Pinter Prize?"]  ''[[BBC News]]''. [[BBC]], 13 Oct. 2005.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

[http://books.guardian.co.uk/nobelprize/0,14969,1285607,00.html "Special Report: The Nobel Prize for Literature: 2005 Harold Pinter"].  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]''. [[Guardian Media Group]], 2 Oct. 2007. [[World Wide Web]].  2 Oct. 2007. (Features links relating to Harold Pinter's 2005 [[Nobel Prize in Literature]]. [Periodically updated and re-located.])

[[Swedish Academy]]. [http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/2005/index.html "The Nobel Prize in Literature 2005: Harold Pinter"].  ''Nobelprize.org''.  Swedish Academy and [[The Nobel Foundation|Nobel Foundation]], 13 Oct. 2005. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  4 Oct. 2007. (Hyperlinked account.  Provides links to the official Nobel Prize announcement, Bio-bibliography, Bibliography, press release, press conference, and audio and video streaming media files of the press conference and related interviews and features.  These resources are accessible on the official websites of both the [[Nobel Prize]] (Nobel Foundation) and the Swedish Academy; they are periodically revised and re-located.)

Thomson, David T. ''Pinter: The Player's Playwright''.  London: Macmillan, 1985.  New York: Schocken, 1985.  {{ISBN|0805239642}}. Print.

Toíbín, Colm.  [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/arts/main.jhtml?xml=/arts/2006/10/07/btpinter07.xml "Pinter Takes On Beckett"].  ''[[The Daily Telegraph|Daily Telegraph]]''. [[News International]], 7 Oct. 2006.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  3 Oct. 2007.  ("As Harold Pinter prepares to tackle 'Krapp's Last Tape', novelist Colm Toíbín looks forward to a meeting of two theatrical giants.")

Traub, James. [http://www.nytimes.com/2005/10/30/magazine/30wwln.html "The Way We Live Now: Their Highbrow Hatred of Us"].  ''[[The New York Times|New York Times Mag.]]''.  [[The New York Times Company|New York Times Company]], 30 Oct. 2005. [[World Wide Web|Web]]. 30 Oct 2005. (Site registration may be required.)

[http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9B06E3DB1339F93AA3575AC0A9679C8B63&n=Top%2fReference%2fTimes%20Topics%2fPeople%2fP%2fPinter%2c%20Harold "Travel Advisory:]  Toronto Festival Honors 14 Leaders in the Arts".  ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]'' (Archive).   [[The New York Times Company|New York Times Company]], 9 Sept. 2001. [[World Wide Web|Web]].   4 Oct. 2007.  (Site registration may be required.)

Wardle, Irving.  "The Birthday Party."  ''[[Encore (magazine)|Encore]]'' 5 (July–Aug. 1958): 39–40.  Rpt. in ''The'' Encore ''Reader: A Chronicle of the New Drama''.  Ed. [[Charles Marowitz]], Tom Milne, and Owen Hale.  London: Methuen, 1965.  76–78. Print.   (Reissued as: ''New Theatre Voices of the Fifties and Sixties''.  London: Eyre Methuen, 1981.)

–––.  "Comedy of Menace."  ''Encore'' 5 (Sept.–Oct. 1958): 28–33.  Rpt. in ''The'' Encore ''Reader'' and ''New Theatre Voices'' 86–91. Print.

–––.  "Pinter, Harold."  657–58 in ''The Reader's Encyclopedia of World Drama''. Ed.  John Gassner and Edward Quinn.  New York: Crowell, 1969. Print.

–––. "There's Music in That Room."  ''Encore'' 7 (July–Aug. 1960): 32–34.  Rpt. in ''The'' Encore ''Reader'' and ''New Theatre Voices'' 129–32.  Print.

[[Per Wästberg|Wästberg, Per]].  [http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/2005/presentation-speech.html "The Nobel Prize in Literature 2005: Presentation Speech"].  ''Nobelprize.org''. [[The Nobel Foundation]] and [[Swedish Academy|The Swedish Academy]], 10 December 2005. [[World Wide Web|Web]],  2 Oct. 2007.  (Full text; links to [[video clip]]s of the Nobel Ceremony provided online.)

[[Samuel West|West, Samuel]].  [http://books.guardian.co.uk/review/story/0,,2035008,00.html "Fathers and Sons"].  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]''. [[Guardian Media Group]], 17 Mar. 2007. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.  ["How does it feel to act in a Pinter play for radio alongside the man himself? Samuel West reveals all."]

''Wilfred Owen Association Newsletter'' 4 Aug. 2004. Print.

[[Henry Woolf|Woolf, Henry]].  [http://arts.guardian.co.uk/theatre/drama/story/0,,2124351,00.html "My 60 Years in Harold's Gang"].  ''[[Guardian.co.uk]]''. [[Guardian Media Group]], 12 July 2007. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  11 Oct. 2007.
{{refend}}

===Obituaries and related articles===
{{See also|Bibliography for Harold Pinter#Obituaries and related articles}}
{{refbegin|indent=yes|2}}
[[Diane Abbott|Abbott, Diane]].  [http://www.dianeabbott.org.uk/news/press/news.aspx?p=102369 "Diane Abbott Calls for Pinter Cinema"].  ''DianeAbbott.org.uk''.  Diane Abbott Labour MP for [[Hackney North and Stoke Newington (UK Parliament constituency)|Hackney North and Stoke Newington]] (site funded from the Parliamentary Members Communications Allowance), 16 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  28 Jan. 2009.  Press release.

Adams, Stephen.  [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/4045997/Harold-Pinter-directs-his-own-funeral.html "Harold Pinter Directs His Own Funeral"].  ''[[The Daily Telegraph|Telegraph]]''.  Telegraph Media Group, 31 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  6 Jan. 2009. ["His plays were masterpieces of artistic control.  And even at his own funeral Harold Pinter made sure he exerted a director's influence."]

[[Geoffrey Alderman|Alderman, Geoffrey]]. [http://www.currentviewpoint.com/cgibin/news.cgi?id=11&command=shownews&newsid=1075 "Editorial: Harold Pinter -  A Jewish View"].  ''Current Viewpoint''.  Current viewpoint.com, 27 Mar. 2009. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  25 Apr. 2009.

Andrews, Jamie.  [http://britishlibrary.typepad.co.uk/pinter_archive_blog/2009/01/tender-the-dead-as-you-yourself-would-be-tendered.html "&nbsp;'Tender the dead, as you yourself would be tendered...'&nbsp;"]. ''Harold Pinter Archive Blog: British Library Curators on Cataloguing the Pinter Archive''.  [[British Library]], 6 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  6 Jan. 2009.

''[[Areté]]: The Arts Tri-Quarterly'' 28 (Spring/Summer 2009).  Ed. [[Craig Raine]].  {{ISBN|9780955455384}}.  Print.

Baker, Terry. "Harold Pinter and the Sports Field."  ''The Clove's Lines: The Newsletter of The Clove Club: The Old Boys of [[Hackney Downs School]]'' 3.2 (Mar. 2009): 10.  Print.

[[Michael Billington (critic)|Billington, Michael]]. [http://www.guardian.co.uk/culture/2009/jan/01/pinter-theatre "Goodnight, Sweet Prince: Shakespearean Farewell to Pinter"].  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]''.  [[Guardian Media Group]], 1 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  1 Jan.  2009.

–––.  [http://www.guardian.co.uk/culture/2008/dec/25/pinter-theatre "Harold Pinter"].  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]''.  [[Guardian Media Group]], 25 Dec. 2008. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  25 Dec. 2008.

[[British Library]].  [http://britishlibrary.typepad.co.uk/pinter_archive_blog/2008/12/harold-pinter-19302008.html "Harold Pinter (1930–2008)"].  ''Harold Pinter Archive Blog: British Library Curators on Cataloguing the Pinter Archive''.  [[British Library]], 29 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Jan. 2009.

Brooks, Melvyn.  "A Memory of Harold Pinter."  ''The Clove's Lines: The Newsletter of The Clove Club: The Old Boys of [[Hackney Downs School]]'' 3.2 (Mar. 2009): 14.  Print.

Cavendish, Dominic.  [http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/dominccavendish/blog/2008/12/26/harold_pinter__how_the_theatre_world_saw_him "Harold Pinter: How the Theatre World Saw Him"].  ''[[The Daily Telegraph|Telegraph]]'', Blogs.  Telegraph Media Group, 26 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  5 May 2009.  (Reprints an article that Cavendish "compiled for the Telegraph shortly after Pinter turned 70 – back in Ocober 2000 – on the eve of the 40th anniversary reval of 'The Caretaker', the play which catapulted him to fame and fortune."]

[[Nick Cohen|Cohen, Nick]].  [http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2008/dec/28/comment-pinter-theatre "Pinter Was Powerful and Passionate, But Often Misguided"].  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Observer]]'', "Comment is Free".  [[Guardian Media Group]], 28 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  23 Mar. 2009.

[[Michael Coveney|Coveney, Michael]].  [http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/theatre-dance/reviews/harold-pinter-a-celebration-national-theatre-london-1700071.html "Harold Pinter: A Celebration, National Theatre, London: Some Pauses to Remember"]. ''[[The Independent|Independent]]''.  [[Independent News and Media]], 9 June 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  9 June 2009.

Daily Mail Reporter.  [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1101502/BREAKING-NEWS-Nobel-Prize-winning-playwright-Harold-Pinter-dies-aged-78.html "Breaking News: Nobel Prize-winning Playwright Harold Pinter Dies Aged 78"]. ''[[The Daily Mail|Daily Mail]]''.  [[Associated Newspapers Ltd]], 25 Dec. 2008. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  25 Dec. 2008.  [Updated on 26 Dec. 2008 by Greenhill.]

Dodds, Paisley ([[Associated Press]]). [http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=6527704 "Nobel-winning Playwright Harold Pinter Dies at 78"].  ''[[ABC News]]''.  [[American Broadcasting Company]], 25 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  14 Mar. 2009.

[[Ariel Dorfman|Dorfman, Ariel]].  [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/12/26/AR2008122601359.html "The World That Harold Pinter Unlocked"].  ''[[The Washington Post|Washington Post]]''.  Washington Post, 27 Dec. 2008, A15.  Print.  [[The Washington Post Company]], 27 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  9 Jan. 2009.

–––.  [http://www.newstatesman.com/theatre/2009/01/harold-pinter-world-life-free "&nbsp;'You want to free the world from oppression?'&nbsp;"].  ''[[The New Statesman|New Statesman]]'', Jan. 2009.  New Statesman, 8 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web]].  9 Jan. 2009.  ["Ariel Dorfman on the life and work of Harold Pinter (1930–2008)."]

Driscoll, Margarette. [http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/stage/article5488513.ece "Yo, Grandpa Pinter, Big Respect"].  ''[[The Times|Times Online]]''.  [[News International]] ([[News Corporation]]), 11 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  11 Jan. 2009. [Concerns the poem "Grandpa", © Simon Soros 2008, listed below.]

Eden, Richard.  [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/mandrake/4092762/Harold-Pinter-faces-opposition-to-memorial-in-Poets-Corner.html "Harold Pinter Faces Opposition to Memorial in Poet's Corner"].  ''[[The Daily Telegraph|Telegraph]]''.  Telegraph Media Group, 3 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  3 Jan. 2009.

[[David Edgar|Edgar, David]].  [http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2008/dec/29/harold-pinter-politics "Pinter's Weasels"].  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]'', "Comment is Free".  [[Guardian Media Group]], 29 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  23 Mar. 2009.  ["The idea that he was a dissenting figure only in later life ignores the politics of his early work."]

[http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2008/dec/27/harold-pinter-tribute-plays-politics "Editorial: Harold Pinter: Breaking the Rules"].  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]''.  [[Guardian Media Group]], 27 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  7 Mar. 2009. ["Pinter broke the rules in art and in life."]

Edwardes, Jane.  [http://www.timeout.com/london/theatre/features/6523/Time_Out-s_tribute_to_Harold_Pinter.html "Time Out's Tribute to Harold Pinter"].  ''[[Time Out|Time Out London]]'', Theatre.  Time Out Group Ltd., 31 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  10 May 2009.

Fenton, Anna, and Lucy Jackson.  [http://www.journal-online.co.uk/article/5257-harold-pinter-a-look-back "Harold Pinter: A Look Back"].  ''[[The Journal (student newspaper)|Journal]]''.  The Edinburgh Journal Limited, 11 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  12 Jan. 2009.

[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/arts_and_culture/7805812.stm "Friends Bid Pinter Farewell"]. ''[[BBC News]]''.  [[BBC]], 1 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  1 Jan. 2009.

Greenhill, Sam.  [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1101502/Theatreland-mourning-Nobel-Prize-winning-playwright-Harold-Pinter-dies-aged-78.html "Theatreland in Mourning As Nobel Prize-winning Playwright Harold Pinter Dies Aged 78"]. ''[[The Daily Mail|Daily Mail]]''.  [[Associated Newspapers Ltd]], 25 Dec. 2008. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  25 Dec. 2008.

[[Mel Gussow|Gussow, Mel]], and [[Ben Brantley]].[http://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/26/theater/26pinter.html?_r=1&hp "Harold Pinter, Playwright of the Pause, Dies at 78"].  ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]''.  [[The New York Times Company|New York Times Company]], 25 Dec. 2008, Theater. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  26 Dec. 2008. [Web version of article listed below.]

–––.  "Harold Pinter, Whose Silences Redefined Drama, Dies at 78."  ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]'' 26 Dec. 2008, national ed., sec. A: 1, A22–23.  Print. [Cites "Online: A Pinter Appraisal: An audio evaluation by Ben Brantley, reviews of Mr. Pinter's plays and more".  Print version of article listed above.]

[http://www.economist.com/obituary/PrinterFriendly.cfm?story_id=12847331 "Harold Pinter"].  ''[[The Economist|Economist]]'', People: Obituary.  [[The Economist Group]], 30 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  15 Jan. 2009. ["Harold Pinter, playwright and polemicist, died on December 24, aged 78."]

[http://www.englishpen.org/news/_1656/ "Harold Pinter Mourned by PEN"].  ''English PEN'', News.  English Centre of [[International PEN]], 25 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  11 Jan. 2009.  [Includes an introductory tribute written by [[Jonathan Heawood]] and a selection of messages received from around the world.]

[https://www.nationaltheatre.org.uk/43844/theatre-news/harold-pinter-1930-2008.html "Harold Pinter 1930 – 2008"].  ''[[Royal National Theatre|National Theatre]]'', Theatre News.  National Theatre, 29 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  5 May 2009.

[http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/the_tls/article5412486.ece "Harold Pinter 1930–2008: Great Playwright, Nobel Laureate – and TLS Cricketer"].  ''[[The Times Literary Supplement|Times Literary Supplement]]''.  [[News International]] ([[News Corporation]]), 29 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  9 Jan. 2009.

[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/culturenews/3949591/Harold-Pinter-one-of-the-most-influential-British-playwrights-of-modern-times.html "Harold Pinter: One of the Most Influential British Playwrights of Modern Times"].  ''[[The Daily Telegraph|Telegraph]]'', Telegraph Media Group, 26 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  5 May 2009.

[http://www.granta.com/Online-Only/Harold-Pinter-tribute "Harold Pinter Tribute"].  ''[[Granta]]''.  [[Granta]], 25 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Jan. 2009.

[http://www.gold.ac.uk/pinter-centre/inmemoriamharoldpinter/ "In Memoriam: Harold Pinter"].  The Pinter Centre for the Study of Performance and Creative Writing, [[Goldsmiths, University of London]].  Goldsmiths College, University of London, 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  23 Apr. 2009.

[[Howard Jacobson|Jacobson, Howard]].  [http://www.independent.co.uk/opinion/commentators/howard-jacobson/howard-jacobson-harold-pinter-didnt-get-my-joke-and-i-didnt-get-him-ndash-until-it-was-too-late-1297593.html "Opinion: Howard Jacobson: Harold Pinter Didn't Get My Joke, and I Didn't Get Him – Until It Was Too Late"]. ''[[The Independent|Independent]]''.  [[Independent News and Media]], 10 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  27 Apr. 2009.

Jamieson, Alastair.  [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/culturenews/3949147/Nobel-Laureate-playwright-Harold-Pinter-dies.html "Nobel Laureate Playwright Harold Pinter Dies"].  ''[[The Daily Telegraph|Telegraph]]''.  Telegraph Media Group, 26 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  5 May 2009.  ["Harold Pinter, the [[Nobel Prize]]-winning playwright and political activist, has died of [[liver cancer]] aged 78."  (Includes links to several other related articles.)]

Kamm, Oliver.  [http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article5398006.ece "Harold Pinter: An Impassioned Artist Who Lost Direction on the Political Stage"].  ''[[The Times|Times]]''.  [[News International]] ([[News Corporation]]), 26 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  23 Mar. 2009.

Lafferty, Julia.  [http://www.hackneygazette.co.uk/content/hackney/gazette/postbag/story.aspx?brand=HKYGOnline&category=postbag&tBrand=northlondon24&tCategory=postbaghkyg&itemid=WeED07%20Jan%202009%2014%3A14%3A14%3A117 "Pinter – A Man of Principle"].  ''[[Archant|Hackney Gazette]]'', Letters.  [[Archant]], 7 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  28 Jan. 2009.

[[Charles Marowitz|Marowitz, Charles]].  [http://www.swans.com/library/art15/cmarow126.html "Harold Pinter: 1930 – 2008"].  ''[[Swans (magazine)|Swans]]'', Commentary.  Swans, 29 Dec. 2008 – 1 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  13 Jan. 2009.

McCallum, John.  [http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,,24994048-16947,00.html "Companies Recall Good Ghost of Pinter"]. ''[[The Australian|Australian]]''. [[News Limited]], 2 Feb. 2009. [[World Wide Web|Web]]. 14 Apr. 2009.

Miller, Lionel.  "The Lost Librarian."  ''The Clove's Lines: The Newsletter of The Clove Club: The Old Boys of Hackney Downs School'' 3.2 (Mar. 2009): 5.  Print.

Morgan, Clare.  [http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2009/01/27/1232818434020.html "Festival Joins Forces for Free Pinter Tribute"].  ''[[The Sydney Morning Herald|Sydney Morning Herald]]''.  [[Fairfax Media|Fairfax Digital]], 28 Jan.2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]], 28 Jan. 2009.

[http://www.hackneygazette.co.uk/content/hackney/gazette/news/story.aspx?brand=HKYGOnline&category=news&tBrand=northlondon24&tCategory=newshkyg&itemid=WeED26%20Jan%202009%2017%3A37%3A22%3A783 "MP Backs Pinter Tribute Campaign"].  ''[[Archant|Hackney Gazette]]'', News.  [[Archant]], 27 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  28 Jan. 2009.

[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/1805113.stm "Obituary: Harold Pinter"].  ''[[BBC News]]''. [[BBC]], 25 Dec. 2008.   [[World Wide Web|Web]].  25 Dec. 2008.

[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-1103789/Pinter-ends-double-plot.html "Pinter Ends It All with a Double Plot"].  ''[[The Daily Mail|Mail Online]]''.  [[Associated Newspapers Ltd]], 1 Jan. 2009.  [[WorldWideWeb|Web]].  4 Jan. 2009.

[[Sarah Sands|Sands, Sarah]].  [http://www.independent.co.uk/opinion/commentators/sarah-sands/sarah-sands-pinters-funeral-ndash-more-final-reckoning-than-reconciliation-1224214.html "Opinion: Sarah Sands: Pinter's Funeral – More Final Reckoning Than Reconciliation"].  ''[[The Independent|Independent]]''.  [[Independent News and Media]], 4 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  27 Apr. 2009. 

Sherwin, Adam.  [http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/stage/article5963091.ece "Portrait of Harold Pinter Playing Cricket To Be Sold at Auction"].  ''[[The Times|Times]]''.  [[News International]], 24 Mar. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  24 Mar. 2009.

Smith, Alastair. [http://www.thestage.co.uk/news/newsstory.php/22984/pinter-to-be-honoured-before-final "Pinter to be Honoured Before Final Performance of No Man's Land"].  ''[[The Stage|Stage]]'', News.  Stage Newspaper Group Ltd, 2 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  14 Mar. 2009.

Soros, Simon.  [http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/stage/article5488511.ece "Grandpa"].  ''[[The Sunday Times|Sunday Times]]''.  [[News International]] ([[News Corporation]]), 11 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  11 Jan. 2009.  (© Simon Soros 2008).  [See hyperlinked account by Driscoll listed above and ''The Pinter Review'' publication listed below.]

–––.  "Grandpa."  ''The Pinter Review: Nobel Prize/Europe Theatre Prize Volume: 2005 – 2008''.  Ed. Francis Gillen with Steven H. Gale.  Tampa: U of Tampa P, 2008.  1.  Print.

[[Peter Stothard|Stothard, Peter]].  [http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/the_tls/article5467502.ece "Harold Pinter: Exit a Master"].  ''[[The Times Literary Supplement|Times Literary Supplement]]'' (''TLS''.  [[News International]] ([[News Corporation]]), 7 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  8 Jan. 2009. [Rpt. from [[blog]] of ''TLS'' ed. Peter Stothard; first posted on 25 Dec. 2008.]

[[Barry Supple|Supple, Barry]].  "Harold Pinter – Some Memories."  ''The Clove's Lines: The Newsletter of The Clove Club: The Old Boys of [[Hackney Downs School]]'' 3.2 (Mar. 2009): 6–7.  Print. [This memorial tribute consists of "edited excerpts" from Supple's autobiography, ''Doors Open'' (Cambridge, Eng.: Asher, 2008).  {{ISBN|0956005705}} (10).  {{ISBN|9780956005700}} (13).  Print.]

Taylor, Jean (Hersh).  "Of Harold Pinter and Joseph Brearley."  ''The Clove's Lines: The Newsletter of The Clove Club: The Old Boys of [[Hackney Downs School]]'' 3.2 (Mar. 2009): 18.  Print.

Taylor-Batty, Mark, comp.  [http://www.pintersociety.org/links/inmemoriam/inmemoriam.html "In Memoriam: Harold Pinter"].  ''Harold Pinter Society Webpages''.  [[Harold Pinter and academia#The Harold Pinter Society|The Harold Pinter Society]], 1 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  1 Jan. 2009.  ["Harold Pinter - playwright, poet, actor, director, political activist - died on 24 December 2008, aged 78 ... Here are a few of the obituaries and commentaries released by the international press and online theatre community." (Contains "Key links" and a hyperlinked "Full list" periodically being updated.)]

Thomas, Edward.  "Theatre Talk with Edward Thomas: The End of the Pauses."  ''The Clove's Lines: The Newsletter of The Clove Club: The Old Boys of Hackney Downs School'' 3.2 (Mar. 2009): 9.  Print.  [Rpt. by permission of Theatre Monthly ''Encore''.]

[http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article5397295.ece "Times Obituary: Harold Pinter"]. ''[[The Times|Times]]''. [[News International]] ([[News Corporation]]), 25 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  25 Dec. 2008.

Ulaby, Neda.  [http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=98707193 "Remembrances:  Remembering Influential Playwright Harold Pinter"].  ''Day to Day''.  [[National Public Radio]], 25 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  25 Dec. 2008.  [Includes [[Media clip|audio clip]].]

[[Hilary Wainwright|Wainwright, Hilary]].  [http://www.redpepper.org.uk/In-words-and-silences "In Words and Silences]".  ''[[Red Pepper (magazine)|Red Pepper]]''.  Red Pepper magazine, Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  3 Jan. 2009.  ["Hilary Wainwright reflects on Harold Pinter and Red Pepper."]

Walker, Peter, David Smith, and Haroon Siddique. [http://www.guardian.co.uk/culture/2008/dec/26/harold-pinter-death-tributes "Harold Pinter: Tributes Pour In After Death of Dramatist Aged 78"].  ''[[Guardian.co.uk]]''.  [[Guardian Media Group]], 26 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  10 Jan. 2009.  ["Multi-award winning playwright lauded by dignitaries of theatrical and political spheres. … Tributes are being paid to the playwright Harold Pinter today from both the theatrical and political worlds after his death from [[cancer]], aged 78."]

Watkins, G. L. "Harold Pinter, CH, CBE.  10th October 1930 – 24th December 2008 (Hackney Downs School, 1942–1948, Hammond House, Prefect)," "Memorable Phrasings," and "Elsewhere in the World."  ''The Clove's Lines: The Newsletter of The Clove Club: The Old Boys of Hackney Downs School'' 3.2 (Mar. 2009): 4; 8; 11.  Print.

–––, ed.  ''The Clove's Lines: The Newsletter of The Clove Club: The Old Boys of Hackney Downs School'' 3.2 (Mar. 2009): 1–36.  Print. [This issue contains several memorial tributes to Pinter and to other departed former classmates; on Pinter, see Baker, Miller, Supple, Taylor, Thomas, Yeates, and Watkins.]

[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/7800829.stm "West End Pays Tribute to Pinter"]. ''[[BBC News]]''.  [[BBC]], 27 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  1 Jan. 2009. [Includes [[video clip]].]

Westwood, Matthew.  [http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,25197,24974099-15089,00.html "Blanchett Stars in Free Play"].  ''[[The Australian|Australian]]''.  [[News Limited]], 27 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]], 28 Jan. 2009.

Winer, Linda.  [http://www.newsday.com/iphone/ny-obpint1226,0,3229292.story "Nobel Laureate Harold Pinter Dead at 78"].  ''[[Newsday]]''.  Newsday Inc., 25 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  10 Jan. 2009.

Yeates, Binnie (Yankovitch).  [http://britishlibrary.typepad.co.uk/pinter_archive_blog/2009/04/romeo.html "Harold Pinter – Romeo – 1948"].  Rpt. in "Romeo," by Jamie Andrews.  ''Harold Pinter Archive Blog''.  [[British Library]], 20 Apr. 2009. [[World Wide Web|Web]]. 25 Apr. 2009.  Rpt. from "Harold Pinter Romeo and Juliet – 1948."  ''The Clove's Lines: The Newsletter of The Clove Club: The Old Boys of Hackney Downs School'' 3.2 (Mar. 2009): 8.  Print.  [Reproduced with permission of the author.]
{{refend}}

==External links==
{{Wikiquote}}
*''[http://www.haroldpinter.org/home/index.shtml HaroldPinter.org]'' – ''The Official Website for the International Playwright Harold Pinter'' (home and index page).
*[http://www.abc.net.au/rn/arts/bwriting/stories/s671912.htm "Harold Pinter"] at ''[[The Book Show|Books and Writing]] with [[Ramona Koval]]''.  Broadcast on [[Radio National]] on 15 Sept. 2002.  (Interview conducted at the [[Edinburgh International Book Festival]] on 25 Aug. 2002.)
*{{screenonline name|id=453152|name=Harold Pinter}}.  [Brief biography, critical account, and selected bibliography, compiled by Roger Phillip Mellor, in the ''Encyclopedia of British Film''.  Includes hyperlinked filmography ["Film & TV Credits"], with featured works.]
*[http://www.faber.co.uk/author/harold-pinter/ "Harold Pinter"] at [[Faber and Faber]] (Pinter's publisher in the UK).  [Includes hyperlinked list of Pinter's works published by Faber and Faber.]
*[http://www.groveatlantic.com/grove/bin/wc.dll?groveproc~genauth~590 "Harold Pinter"] at [[Grove Press]], an imprint of Grove/Atlantic, Inc. (Pinter's U.S. publisher).  [Includes hyperlinked list of Pinter's works published by Grove Press.]
*[http://www.guardian.co.uk/culture/pinter "Harold Pinter"] at ''[[Guardian.co.uk]]'' ["The best of the Guardian's coverage, including tributes, reviews and articles from the archive." Hyperlinked content; periodically updated.]
*[http://www.ibdb.com/person.php?id=6084 Harold Pinter] at the [[Internet Broadway Database]].
*{{imdb name|name=Harold Pinter|id=0056217}}.
*[http://www.stopwar.org.uk/index.php?option=com_search&Itemid=186&searchword=harold+pinter&submit=Search&searchphrase=exact&ordering=newest "Harold Pinter"] at the [[Stop the War Coalition]]. (Index of search results.)
*[http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/hpinter.htm "Harold Pinter"] in ''Books and Writers''.  [Biography and critical account.] [See [http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/calendar.htm Authors' Calendar], which Featured Nobel Prize in Literature winner for 2005.]
*[http://www.contemporarywriters.com/authors/?p=auth01G24K343812605467 "Harold Pinter"] in ''Contemporary Writers.'' [Biography and critical account by [[Michael Billington (critic)|Michael Billington]] for [[British Council|British Council: Arts]].]
*[http://www.litencyc.com/php/speople.php?rec=true&UID=4985 "Harold Pinter"] in the ''Literary Encyclopedia''.  [Biography and critical account, by Andrew Wyllie, [[University of the West of England]].]
*[http://artists.refuseandresist.org/artists/haroldpinter.html "Harold Pinter"] in ''The Artists Network of [[Refuse & Resist!]]''. (17 pages.)  [A selection of writings by and commentary about Pinter; also reprints Pinter's 2002 Turin speech and his 2005 Nobel Lecture: "[[Art, Truth and Politics|Art, Truth & Politics]]".]
*[http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/p/harold_pinter/index.html "Harold Pinter"] in "Times Topics" of ''[[The New York Times]]''.  [Index of hyperlinked collected news articles, reviews, commentaries, and photographs published in the newspaper; featured links to [[media clip]]s and additional external resources.]
*[http://www.zmag.org/zspace/haroldpinter Harold Pinter] in [[Z Communications|ZSpace]]. [Articles by Pinter from 1 Feb. 1997 through 30 Mar. 2007.]
*[http://www.theatrevoice.com/listen_now/player/?audioID=463 "Harold Pinter"] on ''The Mark Shenton Show'', ''[[TheatreVoice]]'', recorded on 21 Feb. 2007.  (Audio player clip.)  ["Focuses on Harold Pinter, with critics [[Michael Billington (critic)|Michael Billington]] and Alastair Macaulay reviewing ''[[Pinter's People]]'' ([[Haymarket Theatre|Haymarket]]) and [[The Dumb Waiter]] ([[Trafalgar Studios|Trafalgar]]). Director and actor [[Harry Burton (actor)|Harry Burton]] talks about his experiences with Pinter, and host Mark Shenton discusses upcoming Pinter productions".]
*''[http://britishlibrary.typepad.co.uk/pinter_archive_blog/ Harold Pinter Archive Blog]: [[British Library]] Curators on Cataloguing the Pinter Archive''.  Official blog.  Developed by BL Cataloguer Kate O'Brien, primary contributor.  [See "Pinter Archive" below.]
*[http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/whatson/downloads/index.html "Harold Pinter - Interview (MP3, 47mins, 19MB)"].  ''[[British Library]] Online Gallery: What's On''.  British Library, 8 Sept. 2008. Downloadable [[MP3]] [[podcast]].  ["Harold Pinter shares his memories of postwar British theatre with actor and director [[Harry Burton (actor)|Harry Burton]]."  Introduced by Jamie Andrews [Head, Modern Literary Manuscripts, British Library] and recorded at the Golden Generation conference at the British Library, held on 8–9 Sept. 2008.]
*[http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=32396153 Harold Pinter memorial and photographs] at ''[[Findagrave.com]]''.
*[http://www.joehill-art.com/page2.htm Harold Pinter portrait] by artist Joe Hill – At ''joe-hill-art.com''.  [Offered at auction, with winner and proceeds donated to charity to be announced at match between the Gaieties and the Lord's Taverners at Lord's Cricket Ground on 27 Sept. 2009.]
*[http://www.pintersociety.org Harold Pinter Society] (HPS) – An Allied Organization of the [[Modern Language Association]] (MLA) and an Associated Organization of the Midwest Modern Language Association (M/MLA).  [[Harold Pinter and academia#The Harold Pinter Society|The Harold Pinter Society]] is "dedicated to studying, celebrating, and appraising the works of this prolific and frequently enigmatic writer."  ''The Pinter Review''  (1987–  ) is published for the HPS by the [[University of Tampa]] Press.  (Periodically updated.)]
*[http://sydneyfestival.org.au/2009/SF09_news/_item/_news/ANNOUNCEMENT_HAROLD_PINTER_TRIBUTE "Harold Pinter Tribute"] – Announcement of ''A Tribute to Harold Pinter'', presented by the [[Sydney Festival]], [[Gate Theatre]], and [[Sydney Theatre Company]], on 1 Feb. 2009 (''Sydney Festival 2009: January 10–31'': "Sydney Festival News").
*[http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/2005/pinter-lecture.html "Nobel Lecture: Art, Truth & Politics"], by Harold Pinter, at ''nobelprize.org'' – Official Website of the [[Nobel Prize]]. [Hyperlinked video and "The Lecture in Text Format" in the original English and in French, German, and Swedish translations.]
*[http://www.bl.uk/news/2007/pressrelease20071211.html "Pinter Archive Saved for the Nation"] – Press release of 11 Dec. 2007 concerning the acquisition of [[The Harold Pinter Archive in the British Library]] (BL). [Hyperlinked BL announcement page.  See "Harold Pinter Archive Blog" above.]
*''[http://web.archive.org/web/*/http:/www.bbc.co.uk/bbcfour/pinter/ Pinter at the BBC]'' ([[BBC Four]]), 26 Oct. 2002 – 9 Nov. 2002; posted 7 Feb. 2003.  [Includes a "Pinter Timeline", a "Q&A" with Pinter's official biographer [[Michael Billington (critic)|Michael Billington]], and hyperlinked [[RealMedia]] [[video clip]]s.]
*''[http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00hsp0d/episodes/2009 Pinter Tribute: Essay: Pinter's Voices]''.  [[BBC Radio 3]].  Five episodes, each one broadcast daily from 16–20 Feb. 2009. [1: [[Gate Theatre]] director [[Michael Colgan (director)|Michael Colgan]]; 2: Critic [[Michael Billington (critic)|Michael Billington]]; 3: Writer [[Lisa Appignanesi]]; 4: Film historian [[Ian Christie]]; and 5: Actor and director [[Harry Burton (actor)|Harry Burton]].  (Preceded on 15 Feb. 2009 by ''[http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00hkfbp Harold Pinter Double Bill]:'' [[Moonlight (play)|Moonlight]] ''and'' [[Voices (radio play)|Voices]].)  [[Streaming media|Streaming audio]] accessible for 7 days after broadcast; Burton's essay "Harold Pinter & Cricket" linked on his Matahari Films website accessible via [http://www.lordstaverners.org/news.cfm?fullID=70 "Win an Exclusive Harold Pinter Portrait"] (in "News" at ''[[Lord's Taverners]]''), hyperlinked in "Upcoming Events for the Year 2009" at ''HaroldPinter.org''.]
*[http://www.redpepper.org.uk/article554.html "Pinter on War"]''. ''[[Red Pepper (magazine)|Red Pepper]] Feb. 2004.  (Archived version.) [Texts of poems "Weather Forecast", "Democracy", "The Bombs", and "God Bless America".]
*''[http://www.premio-europa.org/open_page.php?id=325 Premio Europa Per Il Theatro – X Edizione]'' (10th Edition of the [[Europe Theatre Prize]], Turin, Italy, 8–12 Mar. 2006).  [Hyperlinked "program", "jury", "events" (including international symposium Pinter: Passion, Poetry, Politics), and "letter of motivation" of the award to Harold Pinter; site includes [[Italian language|Italian]], [[English language|English]], [[French language|French]], and [[German language]] options.]
*[http://www.theatrevoice.com/listen_now/player/?audioID=352 "Reputations: Harold Pinter"] on ''[[TheatreVoice]]''.  Clip of program recorded on 14 Oct. 2005.  [Critical assessment by [[Michael Billington (critic)|Michael Billington]], Dan Rebellato, [[Charles Spencer (journalist)|Charles Spencer]] and Ian Smith"; hosted by [[In-yer-face theatre|Aleks Sierz]].]
*[http://www.flickr.com/photos/penamericancenter/sets/72157617751981614/show/ "Tribute to Harold Pinter"] – Fifth Anniversary (2009) [[PEN World Voices|PEN World Voices Festival]] [[flickr]] slideshow set (2 May).  (Credit: "Copyright © Beowulf Sheehan/[[PEN American Center]] for non-profit editorial use only")

{{Pinter}}
{{Nobel Prize in Literature Laureates 2001-2025}}
{{OlivierAward SpecialAward 1979–2000}}


[[:Category:Alumni of the Central School of Speech and Drama]]
[[:Category:Anti-Iraq War activists]]
[[:Category:Ashkenazi Jews]]
[[:Category:BAFTA winners (people)]]
[[:Category:British anti-nuclear weapons activists]]
[[:Category:British anti-war activists]]
[[:Category:British conscientious objectors]]
[[:Category:British people of Polish descent]]
[[:Category:British people of Ukrainian descent]]
[[:Category:Burials at Kensal Green Cemetery]]
[[:Category:Cancer deaths in England]]
[[:Category:Commanders of the Order of the British Empire]]
[[:Category:David Cohen Prize recipients]]
[[:Category:English conscientious objectors]]
[[:Category:English dramatists and playwrights]]
[[:Category:English human rights activists]]
[[:Category:English Jews]]
[[:Category:English Nobel laureates]]
[[:Category:English socialists]]
[[:Category:English social justice activists]]
[[:Category:Fellows of the Royal Society of Literature]]
[[:Category:Jewish actors]]
[[:Category:Jewish playwrights]]
[[:Category:Légion d'honneur recipients]]
[[:Category:Members of the Order of the Companions of Honour]]
[[:Category:Members of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts]]
[[:Category:Nobel laureates in Literature]]
[[:Category:Olivier Award winners]]
[[:Category:People associated with Queen Mary, University of London]]
[[:Category:People from Hackney]]
[[:Category:People from Lower Clapton]]
<nowiki>{{Lifetime|1930|2008|Pinter, Harold}}</nowiki>

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[Version of [[Bibliography for Harold Pinter]] of 30 June 2009; see automatically interlinked message re: {{tl|Ref indent}} and discussion there; in case changes are made to this cross-linked section of the main article and one need to check bibliographical details provided prior to 27 and 30 June 2009, the material is accessible here.  It also shows the proper use of hanging paragraphs, as they are used in criticism and scholarship on Pinter and many other subjects in Wikipedia, including in featured articles.]

{{Main|Harold Pinter}}
'''Bibliography for Harold Pinter''' is a list of selected published primary works, productions, secondary sources, and other resources related to [[English people|English]] [[playwright]] [[Harold Pinter]] (1930–2008), the 2005 [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Laureate in Literature]], who was also a [[screenwriter]], [[actor]], [[Theatre director|director]], [[poet]], [[author]], and [[political activist]].  It lists works by and works about him, and it serves as the Bibliography ("[[Harold Pinter#Works cited|Works cited]]") for the main article on Harold Pinter and for several articles relating to him and his works.
<!--Documentation format throughout follows ''[[The MLA Style Manual]]'', 3rd ed.  (Use of quotation marks in titles follows [[WP:MOS]], with periods after closing quotation marks.) All sources listed have been checked and verified.-->
==Bibliographical resources==
{{refbegin|indent=yes|2}}
Baker, William, and John C. Ross, comps.  ''Harold Pinter: A Bibliographical History''.  London: The [[British Library]] and New Castle, DE: Oak Knoll P, 2005.  {{ISBN|1584561564}} (10).  {{ISBN|9781584561569}} (13).  Print.  "Oak Knoll Press Bestsellers", {{cite web|url= http://www.oakknoll.com/resources/pdfcatalogues/Cat2007Spring_web.pdf |title=''[http://www.oakknoll.com/resources/pdfcatalogues/Cat2007Spring_web.pdf Spring – Summer 2007 Catalogue]'' }}''[http://www.oakknoll.com/resources/pdfcatalogues/Cat2007Spring_web.pdf Spring – Summer 2007 Catalogue]''&nbsp;{{small|(9.25&nbsp;MB)}}.  Oak Knoll Press, 2007.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.  (Page 37 of 40 pages.)

[http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/2005/bio-bibl.html "Biobibliographical Notes"] and [http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/2005/pinter-bibl.html "Bibliography"] for "Harold Pinter, [[Nobel Prize in Literature]] 2005."  In "[http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/2005/bio-bibl.html Bio-bibliography]".  By [[Swedish Academy|The Swedish Academy]]. ''The Nobel Prize in Literature 2005''.  ''nobelprize.org''.  The Swedish Academy and The Nobel Foundation, Oct. 2005.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  6 Jan. 2009. ([[English language|English]] [[HTML]] version.)  [Additional [[PDF]] versions accessible in English, [[French language|French]], [[German language|German]], and [[Swedish language|Swedish]] via hyperlinks.]

''[http://research.hrc.utexas.edu:8080/hrcxtf/view?docId=ead/00108.xml Harold Pinter: An Inventory of His Collection at the Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center]'' (1960–1980).  [[Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center]], [[University of Texas at Austin]], 1999.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  5 Apr. 2009.

[http://www.haroldpinter.org/links/links_academia.shtml "Links: Libraries and Academia"] and [http://www.haroldpinter.org/publications/index.shtml "Publications": "Works By" and "Works About" Pinter].  ''haroldpinter.org''.  Harold Pinter, 2000–[2009].  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  18 Apr. 2009.

Merritt, Susan Hollis, comp.  [http://susanhollismerritt.org/_wsn/page2.html "Harold Pinter Bibliography"]. ''SusanHollisMerritt.org''.  Susan Hollis Merritt, 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  18 Apr. 2009.  (Webpage pertaining to the "Harold Pinter Bibliography" published in ''The Pinter Review''.  Tampa: U of Tampa P, 1987–  .)

–––.  "Harold Pinter Bibliography: 2000–2002."  ''The Pinter Review: Collected Essays 2003 and 2004''.  Ed. Francis Gillen and Steven H. Gale.  Tampa: U of Tampa P, 2004.  242–300.  Print.

–––.  "Harold Pinter Bibliography: 2002–2004 ''With a Special Supplement on the 2005 Nobel Prize in Literature, October 2005 – May 2006''."  ''The Pinter Review: Nobel Prize/Europe Theatre Prize Volume: 2005 – 2008''.  Ed. Francis Gillen with Steven H. Gale.  Tampa: U of Tampa P, 2008.  261–343.  Print.

''[http://www.haroldpinter.org/pinterreview/index.shtml The Pinter Review]''.  Tampa: U of Tampa P, 1987–   ).  Ed. Francis Gillen and Steven H. Gale.  ''HaroldPinter.org''.  Harold Pinter, 2000–[2008].  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  3 Jan. 2009.  [Table of contents of past issues, retyped on index Webpage; occasional typographical variations.]

''The Pinter Review: Nobel Prize/Europe Theatre Prize Volume: 2005 – 2008''.  Ed. Francis Gillen with Steven H. Gale.  Tampa: U of Tampa P, 2008.  {{ISBN|9781879852198}}  (hardcover).  {{ISBN|9781879852204}} (softcover).  {{ISSN|08959706}}.  Print.<!--The ISBN and ISSN nos. are verified from  the actual volumes; they are printed in the physical copies of these books.  The nos. may not yet be entered in the WorldCat database or other online databases.-->
{{refend}}

==The Harold Pinter Archive in the [[British Library]]==
{{Main|The Harold Pinter Archive in the British Library}}
{{refbegin|indent=yes|2}}

[[British Library]] (BL).  [http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/manuscripts/HITS0001.ASP?VPath=arevhtml/78575.htm&Search='Harold+Pinter'&Highlight=T "Harold Pinter Archive:  Additional Manuscripts 88880: Full Description"].  ''Manuscripts Catalogue''.  [[The British Library|BL]], London, 2 Feb. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  3 Feb. 2009.  (See below.)

–––.  [http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/manuscripts//HITS0001.ASP?VPath=arevhtml/62484.htm&Search='Harold+Pinter'&Highlight=T "Loan No. 110 A/1-74: Harold Pinter Archive"]. ''British Library Manuscripts (Loan) Catalogue''.  [[The British Library|BL]], London, 1994–2009. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  3 Jan. 2009.  (Updated.) ["The manuscripts formerly held as Loan 110 A were purchased by the British Library with additional material in 2007 and are now part of the Harold Pinter Archive, which is numbered Add MS 88880."  (See above.) The contents of this pre-acquisition online list of "Loan No. 110 A" has been incorporated in the BL's updated ''Manuscripts Catalogue'' after the BL acquired Pinter's Archive and catalogued it (a process completed in 2009).  Although its earlier title listed "1-74" (boxes), it covered 80 boxes prior to the acquisition.  The acquisition of over 150 boxes has been catalogued as part of its "Additional Collections": no. Add MS 88880; full descriptions provide references to the earlier box nos. incorporated in it.]

–––.  [http://www.bl.uk/news/2007/pressrelease20071211.html "Pinter Archive Saved for the Nation:] British Library Acquires Extensive Collection of UK's Greatest Living Playwright."  ''The British Library: The World's Knowledge''.  [[British Library]], 11 Dec. 2007.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  11 Dec. 2007.  [British Library press release.]

Brown, Mark. [http://books.guardian.co.uk/news/articles/0,,2225925,00.html "British Library's £1.1m Saves Pinter's Papers for Nation"]. ''[[Guardian.co.uk]]''.  [[Guardian Media Group]], 12 Dec. 2007.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  11 Dec. 2007.

Gale, Steven H., and Christopher Hudgins.  "The Harold Pinter Archives II: A Description of the Filmscript Materials in the Archive in the British Library."  ''The Pinter Review: Annual Essays 1995 and 1996''.  Ed. Francis Gillen and Steven H. Gale.  Tampa: U of Tampa P, 1997.  101-42.  Print. [Follows up article by Merritt listed below; does not include an updated version of Merritt's "Appendix"; focuses on manuscript materials relating to Pinter's screenplays.]

Howard, Jennifer.  [http://chronicle.com/news/article/3616/british-library-acquires-pinter-papers "British Library Acquires Pinter Papers"].  ''[[The Chronicle of Higher Education|Chronicle of Higher Education]]'', News Blog.  The Chronicle of Higher Education, Inc., 12 Dec. 2007.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  16 Dec. 2007.

Merritt, Susan Hollis.  "The Harold Pinter Archive in the British Library."  ''The Pinter Review: Annual Essays 1994''.  Ed. Francis Gillen and Steven H. Gale.  Tampa: U of Tampa P, 1994.  14-53.  Print. [The first article describing in detail the contents of this archive; it includes: "Appendix: List of Boxes Presently in the Archive: Loan 110 A/1-(64): Harold Pinter Archive," which provides, with emendations and corrections, the original BL "finding list" through Box 64; in 1994 the "finding list" covered only through Box 61; this Appendix adds Boxes 62, 63, & 64, all pertaining to Pinter's screenplay adapting ''[[The Handmaid's Tale]]'' (a novel by [[Margaret Atwood]]) for the 1990 film ''[[The Handmaid's Tale (film)|The Handmaid's Tale]]''.  See British Library, "Loan No. 110 A/1-74: Harold Pinter Archive" and the follow-up article by Gale and Hudgins, both listed above.]

O'Brien, Kate (BL Cataloguer). [http://britishlibrary.typepad.co.uk/pinter_archive_blog/2008/09/when-do-we-get.html "When Do We Get to See the Stuff?!"] ''Harold Pinter Archive Blog: British Library Curators on Cataloguing the Pinter Archive''.  [[British Library]], 29 Sept. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  3 Jan. 2009.
{{refend}}

==Works==
{{Main|Works of Harold Pinter}}
{{refbegin|indent=yes|2}}
"Apart From That". ''Areté'' 20 (Spring/Summer 2006): 5–8.  Print.

''[http://nobelprize.org/literature/laureates/2005/pinter-lecture-e.html Art, Truth and Politics: The Nobel Lecture]''.  Presented on video in Stockholm, Sweden.  7 Dec. 2005.  [[Nobel Foundation]] and [[Swedish Academy]].  Published as "The Nobel Lecture: Art, Truth & Politics".  ''NobelPrize.org''.  Nobel Foundation, 8 Dec. 2005.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.  (RealPlayer streaming audio and video as well as text available).  London: Faber and Faber, 2006.  {{ISBN|0571233961}} (10).  {{ISBN|9780571233960}} (13).   Rpt. also in ''The Essential Pinter''.  New York: [[Grove Press|Grove]], 2006.  (Listed below.)  Rpt. also in ''PMLA: Publications of the [[Modern Language Association]]'' 121 (2006): 811–18.  Print.  Rpt. also in ''Various Voices: Sixty Years of Prose, Poetry, Politics 1948–2008'' 285–300.  Print.

[http://www.guardian.co.uk/stage/2005/dec/08/theatre.nobelprize "Art, Truth and Politics: The Nobel Lecture"].  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]''. [[Guardian Media Group]], 2 Oct. 2007 and 8 Dec. 2005 [[World Wide Web]].  2 Oct. 2007 and 7 May 2009. ["In his video-taped Nobel acceptance speech, Harold Pinter excoriated a 'brutal, scornful and ruthless' United States. This is the full text of his address"; features links relating to Harold Pinter's 2005 [[Nobel Prize in Literature]]. (Originally part of "Special Report: The Nobel Prize for Literature: 2005 Harold Pinter."  Periodically updated and re-located since 2005.)]

''The Birthday Party'', ''The Caretaker'', ''The Homecoming'', ''Landscape'', ''Old Times''and ''Celebration''.  In ''The Essential Pinter''.  New York: [[Grove Press|Grove]], 2006.  {{ISBN|0802142699}} (10).  {{ISBN|9780802142696}}.  Print.

[http://www.haroldpinter.org/politics/politics_torture.shtml "Campaigning Against Torture: Arthur Miller's Socks" (1985)].  ("Written as a tribute to [[Arthur Miller]], on the occasion of his 80th birthday".)  ''HaroldPinter.org''.  Harold Pinter, 3 July 2006.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.  Rpt. in ''Various Voices'' 56-57.

–––.  The Caretaker ''and'' The Dumb Waiter'': Two Plays by Harold Pinter''.  1960.  New York: [[Grove Press|Grove]], 1988.  {{ISBN|080215087x}} (10).  {{ISBN|9780802150875}} (13).  Print.

Celebration ''and'' The Room.  London: [[Faber and Faber|Faber]], 2000.  {{ISBN|057120497X}} (10).  {{ISBN|9780571204977}} (13).  Print.

''Death etc.'' New York: [[Grove Press|Grove]], 2005.  {{ISBN|0802142257}} (10).  {{ISBN|9780802142252}} (13).  Print.

''The Dwarfs''.  New York: [[Grove Press|Grove]], 2006.  {{ISBN|0-8021-3266-9}}.  {{ISBN|9780802132666}} (13).  Print.

''The Essential Pinter: Selections from the Work of Harold Pinter''.  New York: [[Grove Press|Grove]], 2006. {{ISBN|0802142699}} (10).  {{ISBN|9780802142696}} (13). Print. [Inc. "Art, Truth & Politics: The 2005 Nobel Lecture"; 8 plays and the dramatic sketch "Press Conference"; and 10 poems.]

The Hothouse'': A Play by Harold Pinter''.  New York: [[Grove Press|Grove]] (Distributed by [[Random House]]), 1980. {{ISBN|0394513959}} (10).  {{ISBN|9780394513959}} (13).  {{ISBN|0394176758}} (10).  {{ISBN|9780394176758}} (13).  {{ISBN|0802136435}} (10).  {{ISBN|9780802136435}} (13).

''Four Plays'': The Birthday Party; No Man's Land; Mountain Language; Celebration.  London: [[Faber and Faber|Faber]], 2005.  {{ISBN|0571232272}} (10).  {{ISBN|9780571232277}} (13).  Print.  [A "celebratory collection" of hardcover reprinted editions in a box set published in 2005 "to mark [Pinter's] [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize for Literature]] 2005".]<!--The ISBN nos. (on the back of the sleeve for the box set and in online bookseller catalogues) have been checked and verified, though WorldCat may not list them.-->

''Moonlight''.  New York: [[Grove Press|Grove]], 1994.  {{ISBN|0802133932}} (10).  {{ISBN|9780802133939}} (13).  Print.

''One for the Road''.  New York: [[Grove Press|Grove]] (Evergreen paperback), 1986. {{ISBN|0394623630}} (10). {{ISBN|9780394623634}} (13).  {{ISBN|0394545753}} (10).  {{ISBN|9780394545752}} (13).  Print.  ["With production photos by Ivan Kyncl and an interview on the play and its politics," by Nicholas Hern, entitled "A Play and Its Politics: A Conversation between Harold Pinter and Nicholas Hern" (February 1985).]

''Various Voices: Prose, Poetry, Politics 1948-2005''.  Rev. ed.  1998.  London: [[Faber and Faber|Faber]], 2005. {{ISBN|0571230091}} (10).  {{ISBN|9780571230099}} (13).  Print.

''Various Voices: Sixty Years of Prose, Poetry, Politics 1948–2008''.  3rd ed.  1998, 2005.  London: [[Faber and Faber|Faber]], 2009.  {{ISBN|9780571244805}}.  Print.

[http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio3/speechanddrama/voices_pinter.shtml "Voices: Text by Harold Pinter and Music by James Clarke"].  ''Through the Night''.  [[BBC Radio 3]], Speech and Drama, 10 Oct. 2005, 9:30-10:15 p.m. (LT).  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  10 Oct. 2005 [live].  Repeated on 30 Dec. 2006.  (RealPlayer audio no longer accessible.) [http://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/proginfo/radio/wk52/sat_01.shtml "BBC Press Office:] Programme Information Network Radio Week 1".  ''BBC Press Office''.  [[BBC]], 10 Oct. 2005.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  3 Jan. 2009.  (Re-broadcast with ''[[Moonlight (play)|Moonlight]]'', as part of ''Harold Pinter Double Bill'', on 15 Feb. 2009, as listed below in [[#Multimedia resources]].)

''War.''  London: [[Faber and Faber|Faber]], 2003. {{ISBN|0571221319}} (10).  {{ISBN|9780571221318}} (13).  Print.  (Book revs. by Gardner and Brown.)
{{refend}}

==Additional essays, letters, and speeches==
{{refbegin|indent=yes|2}}
[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/opinion/main.jhtml?xml=/opinion/2002/12/11/do1101.xml&sSheet=/opinion/2002/12/11/ixopinion.html "The American administration is a bloodthirsty wild animal"]. ''[[The Daily Telegraph|Telegraph.co.uk]]''.  [[Telegraph Media Group]], 11 Dec. 2002.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.  [A version of "Harold Pinter Gives Honorary Doctorate Speech at Turin University - 27th November 2002" (see below).]

[http://www.haroldpinter.org/home/thessa.html "Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Degree Speech April 18th 2000"].  ''HaroldPinter.org''.  Harold Pinter, 2000–[2008].  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

"Blowing Up the Media: ''[[Index on Censorship]]'', May 1992."  Print. Rpt. in ''Various Voices'' 201–5.  Print.

[http://www.redpepper.org.uk/article374.html "Caribbean Cold War"].  ''[[Red Pepper (magazine)|Red Pepper]]'' May 1996.  ''Redpepper.org''.  Red Pepper magazine, May 1996.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  3 Oct. 2007.  (Rpt. in ''[[The Guardian|Guardian]]'' 4 Dec. 1996.  Also rpt. in Pinter, ''Various Voices'' 209–12.  Print.)

[http://www.haroldpinter.org/home/florence.html "Degree Speech to the University of Florence 10th September 2001"].  ''HaroldPinter.org.''  Harold Pinter, 2002.  [[World Wide Web|Web]]. 2 Oct. 2007.  Rpt. as "University of Florence Speech: On the Occasion of the Award of an Honorary Degree, 10 September 2001".  ''Various Voices'' (Faber rev. ed., 2005) 238–40.

[http://www.haroldpinter.org/politics/politics_freedom.shtml "Eroding the Language of Freedom:] ''Sanity'', March 1989."  Rpt. in ''HaroldPinter.org''.  Harold Pinter, 2000–[2008].  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.  Rpt. in ''Various Voices'' (Faber rev. ed., 2005) 188–89.  Print.

Foreword.  ''Degraded Capability: The Media and the Kosovo Crisis''.  Ed. [[Philip Hammond]] and [[Edward S. Herman]].  London: [[Pluto Press]], 2000.  {{ISBN|074531631X}}.  Print.

[http://www.haroldpinter.org/politics/politics_nato.shtml "The Gulf War and the Continuing Bombing of Iraq"].  ''HaroldPinter.org''.  Harold Pinter, 2000–[2008].  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.  [Includes hyperlinked essays and speeches.] (See ""House of Commons Speech: 15 October 2002" below.)

[http://artists.refuseandresist.org/artists/haroldpinter.html "Harold Pinter Gives Honorary Doctorate Speech at Turin University - 27th November 2002"]. ''Artists Network of [[Refuse & Resist!]]'', 12 Dec. 2005.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  15 Mar. 2009.  Rpt. as "University of Turin Speech: On the Occasion of the Award of an Honorary Degree 27 November 2002."  ''Various Voices'' 241–43.  Also rpt. in ''War'' [7–9; n. pag.].  Print.  (Another version was published as "The American administration is a bloodthirsty wild animal" [without internal quotation marks]; see above.)

[http://www.haroldpinter.org/politics/houseofcommonsspeech.html "House of Commons Speech – 15 October 2002"].  ''HaroldPinter.org''.  Harold Pinter, 2002.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.  Rpt. in ''Death etc.'' 71–73. Print.

[http://www.haroldpinter.org/politics/lobbyofparliment.html "House of Commons Speech - Tuesday 21st January 2003"].  ''HaroldPinter.org''.  Harold Pinter, 2003.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.  Rpt. in ''Various Voices'' (Faber rev. ed., 2005) 244.  Print.

"Introduction by Harold Pinter, ''Nobel Laureate''."  7–9 in '' 'Fortune's Fool': The Man Who Taught Harold Pinter: A Life of Joe Brearley''.  Ed. G. L. Watkins.  Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, Eng., UK: TwigBooks in association with The Clove Club, 2008. {{ISBN|9780954723682}}.  Print.

[http://www.haroldpinter.org/home/takesidesoniraq.html "Iraq Debate: Imperial War Museum, 23 September 2004"].  ''HaroldPinter.org''.  Harold Pinter, 2004.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.  Rpt. in ''Various Voices'' 24–46.  Print.

[http://www.zmag.org/zmag/viewArticle/12899 "It Never Happened"].  ''Z Magazine''. ''[[Z Communications]]'', Feb. 1997.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  14 Mar. 2009.  Rpt. in ''Various Voices'' (Faber rev. ed., 2005) 214-17.  Print.

[http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/HL0607/S00376.htm "Letter from Pinter, Saramago, Chomsky and Berger"].  ''Scoop'' ([[New Zealand]]).  Scoop.co.nz Independent News, 25 July 2006.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  15 Mar. 2009.  ["''This letter, signed by [[Harold Pinter]], [[José Saramago]], [[Noam Chomsky]] and [[John Berger]], has been forwarded to major newspapers''."]

"Oh, Superman: Broadcast for ''Opinion'', [[Channel 4]], 31 May 1990."  Rpt. in ''Various Voices'' 190–200.  Print.  Excerpt qtd. in [http://www.haroldpinter.org/politics/index.shtml "Politics"] section of ''haroldpinter.org''.  Harold Pinter, 2007. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

[http://www.haroldpinter.org/politics/politics_nato.shtml "An Open Letter to the Prime Minister:] ''[[The Guardian|Guardian]]'' 17 February 1998."  Hyperlinked in "The Gulf War and the Continuing Bombing of Iraq".  ''HaroldPinter.org''.  Harold Pinter, 2000–[2008]; (original posting) Oct. 2007.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  14 Mar. 2009.  Rpt. in ''Various Voices'' (Faber rev. ed., 2005) 235–37.  Print.

[http://www.haroldpinter.org/home/hydeparkspeech.html "Speech at Hyde Park (F)ebruary 15th 2003"].  ''HaroldPinter.org''.  Harold Pinter, 2000–[2008].  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

"The [[United States|US]] and [[El Salvador]]: ''[[The Observer|Observer]]'', 28 March 1993."  Rpt. in ''Various Voices'' 206–208.  Print.

"The [[United States|US]] Elephant Must Be Stopped." ''[[The Guardian|Guardian]]'', 5 December 1987". Rpt. in ''Various Voices'' (Faber rev. ed., 2005) 185–87.  Print.

[http://www.zmag.org/content/showarticle.cfm?ItemID=2672 "The War Against Reason"].  ''[[Red Pepper (magazine)|Red Pepper]]'' Dec. 2002.  Rpt. in ''ZNet''.  [[Z Communications]], 27 Nov. 2002.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  4 Mar. 2009.<!--No longer archived at ''Red Pepper''.-->

[http://www.zmag.org/znet/viewArticle/1707 "Why George Bush Is Insane"] (2002).  Rpt. in ''ZNet''.  [[Z Communications]], 30 Mar. 2007.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  4 Mar. 2009.  [Another published version of the University of Turin Speech (27 Nov. 2002), listed above, and rpt. in ''Various Voices'' (Faber rev. ed., 2005) 241-43.  Print.]

[http://www.haroldpinter.org/home/wilfredowenprizespeech.html "Wilfred Owen Award for Poetry: Acceptance Speech, 18 March 2005"].  ''HaroldPinter.org''.  Harold Pinter, 2005.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.  Rpt. in ''Death etc.'' 1–2 and ''Various Voices'' (Faber rev. ed., 2005) 247–48.  Print.
{{refend}}

==Poems==
{{refbegin|indent=yes|2}}
"Death May Be Ageing" (Apr. 2005).  Rpt. in ''Various Voices: Prose, Poetry, Politics 1948&ndash;2005'' (2005 ed.) 180.  Print.  Also rpt. in "Poetry by Harold Pinter" in ''[[Another America]]'' (listed below).

[http://www.poetryarchive.org/poetryarchive/singlePoet.do?poetId=2991# "Harold Pinter (b. 1930)"].  ''Poetryarchive.org''.  ''[[The Poetry Archive]]'', n.d.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.   [Biography, critical account, and streaming audio of a special recording of Pinter reading four of his poems: "Cancer Cells", "It is Here", "Later", and "Episode"; recorded 16 Dec. 2002, The Audio Workshop, London; prod. Richard Carrington.]

[http://www.haroldpinter.org/poetry/index.shtml# "Harold Pinter's Poetry"].   ''HaroldPinter.org''.  Harold Pinter, 2000–[2008].  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.  [Includes "Harold Pinter's Most Recent Poetry" (periodically updated).]

[http://www.anotheramerica.org/harold_pinter's_war.htm "Harold Pinter's ''War''"], by [[M. C. Gardner]]. ''Another America''.  [[Donald Freed]], May 2007.  [[World Wide Web|Web]]. 2 Oct. 2007.  [Includes texts and related review of ''War''.]  (See "Poetry by Harold Pinter", in ''Another America'', listed below.)

"Laughter."  In "Review: Laughter: The Saturday Poem: By Harold Pinter."  ''[[The Guardian|Guardian]]'' 25 Nov. 2006, Guardian Review Pages: 23.  Print.

[http://www.haroldpinter.org/cricket/literature.shtml "Literature of the Gaieties"].  ''haroldpinter.org''.  Harold Pinter, 2000–[2008].  [[World Wide Web|Web]]. 1 Nov. 2007.

[http://www.anotheramerica.org/Harold_Pinter_Poetry.htm "Poetry by Harold Pinter"]. ''[[Another America]]''.  [[Donald Freed]], May 2007.  [[World Wide Web|Web]]. 2 Oct. 2007.  [Published with permission of Harold Pinter.]

Sections of various printed collections such as ''Death etc.'', ''The Essential Pinter'', ''The Pinter Review'', ''Various Voices'', and ''War''.  Print.

[http://www.haroldpinter.org/home/thespecialrelationship.html "The Special Relationship"] (Aug. 2004).  ''haroldpinter.org''. Harold Pinter, 2004.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  31 Oct. 2007.  [Featured link accessible from home page.]

"The 'special relationship'." ''[[The Guardian|Guardian]]'' 9 Sept. 2004, G2: 4.  Print.

"The Watcher."  ''[[The Guardian|Guardian]]'' 9 Apr. 2007: 3.  Print.
{{refend}}

==Interviews==
{{See|#Multimedia resources}}
{{refbegin|indent=yes|2}}
Batty, Mark.  "Pinter Views: Pinter on Pinter."  79–153 (chap. 8) in Batty, ''About Pinter''.  Print.

Bensky, Lawrence M.  [http://www.theparisreview.org/viewinterview.php/prmMID/4351 "The Art of Theatre No. 3: Harold Pinter"].  ''[[The Paris Review|Paris Rev.]]'' 10.39 (Fall 1966): 12–37.  Print.  Excerpt from archived contents of journal; hyperlinked {{cite web|url= http://www.theparisreview.org/media/4351_PINTER.pdf |title="The Art of Theatre No. 3: Harold Pinter" }}&nbsp;{{small|(280&nbsp;KB)}}. ''Paris Review''.  Paris Review Foundation, Inc., 2004.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.  [A frequently-cited source of Pinter's early views.]

[[Michael Billington (critic)|Billington, Michael]].  [http://www.guardian.co.uk/g2/story/0,,1730237,00.html "&nbsp;'I've written 29 damn plays.  Isn't that enough?'&nbsp;"] ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]''.  [[Guardian Media Group]], 17 Mar. 2006. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.  Transcript.

–––, comp.  [http://books.guardian.co.uk/nobelprize/story/0,,1592185,00.html "&nbsp;'They said you've a call from the Nobel committee. I said, why?': Harold Pinter in His Own Words"]. ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]''.  [[Guardian Media Group]], 14 Oct. 2005.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

Bull, Andy.  [http://www.guardian.co.uk/culture/2008/dec/26/harold-pinter-final-interview "Playwright Harold Pinter's Last Interview Reveals His Childhood Love of Cricket and Why It Is Better Than Sex"].  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]''.  [[Guardian Media Group]], 27 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  7 Mar. 2009.

[[Harry Burton (actor)|Burton, Harry]].   [http://www.bl.uk/whatson/podcasts/exhibition/golden/ "Harold Pinter - Interview (MP3, 47mins, 19MB)"] (Golden Generation conference podcast).  ''[[British Library]] Online Gallery: What's On''.  British Library, 8 Sept. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  14 Mar. 2009.  Downloadable [[MP3]] [[podcast]].  ["Harold Pinter shares his memories of postwar British theatre with actor and director Harry Burton."  Introduced by Jamie Andrews (Head, Modern Literary Manuscripts, British Library) and recorded at the Golden Generation conference, held at the British Library on 8–9 Sept. 2008.]

[[Mel Gussow|Gussow, Mel]].  ''Conversations with Pinter.'' London: [[Nick Hern Books]], 1994. {{ISBN|1854592017}}.  Rpt. New York: Limelight, 2004. {{ISBN|0879101792}}. Print.

[[Nick Hern Books|Hern, Nicholas]], and Harold Pinter.  "A Play and Its Politics: A Conversation between Harold Pinter and Nicholas Hern."  February 1985.  5–23 in Pinter, ''One for the Road''.  Print.

Johnson, B. S.  "Evacuees" (1968). ''The Pinter Review: Annual Essays 1994''.  Ed. Francis Gillen and Steven H. Gale.  Tampa: U of Tampa P, 1994.  8-13.  Print.

Jones, Rebecca, and [[Harold Pinter]].  [http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/today/listenagain/ram/today5_pinter_20080512.ram Interview].  ''[[Today programme|Today]]''. ''[[BBC Radio 4]]''  [[BBC]], 12 May 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  7 Apr. 2009.  ([[MP3|Streaming audio]] [excerpts], BBC Radio Player; "extended interview" audio [[RealAudio|RealAudio Media]] [.ram] clip ["PINTER20080513"].  Duration of shorter, broadcast version: 3 mins., 56 secs.; duration of the extended interview: 10 mins., 19 secs.)  [Interview with Pinter conducted by Jones on the occasion of the 50th anniversary revival of ''[[The Birthday Party (play)|The Birthday Party]]'' at the [[Lyric Hammersmith]], [[London]]; BBC Radio Player version was accessible for a week after first broadcast in "Listen again" on the ''Today'' website.]

Koval, Ramona. [http://www.abc.net.au/rn/arts/bwriting/stories/s671912.htm "Harold Pinter"].  ''Books and Writing with Ramona Koval''.  [[Radio National|ABC Radio National]].  [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]], 15 Sept. 2002.  Conducted at [[Edinburgh Book Festival]], Edinburgh, Scotland, Aug. 2002.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.  [[Radio]].  Transcript.

–––.  [http://www.abc.net.au/rn/bookshow/stories/2006/1746077.htm "Harold Pinter, Nobel Prize-Winning Playwright and Poet], at [[Edinburgh Book Festival|Edinburgh International Book Festival]] (transcript available)."  Edinburgh, Scotland, 25 Aug. 2006. ''The Book Show''.  [[Radio National|ABC Radio National]].  [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]],  25 Sept. 2006.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  26 Sept. 2006.  Radio.  Transcript.  (Downloadable [[MP3]] audio file and printable transcript.)  [Audio file includes Pinter's dramatic reading of a scene from his play ''[[The Birthday Party (play)|The Birthday Party]]''.]

Lawson, Mark.  [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/arts/4305725.stm "Pinter 'to give up writing plays'&nbsp;"].  Inc. "Pinter on Front Row".  Broadcast on [[BBC Radio 4]].  [[BBC News]], 28 Feb. 2005 (last updated).  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  11 Nov. 2006 & 2 Oct. 2007. Radio.  ([[RealPlayer]] audio.)

Lyall, Sarah.  [http://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/07/movies/07lyal.html "Still Pinteresque"].  ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]'' 7 Oct. 2007, sec. 2 ("Arts & Leisure"): 1, 16; illus.  Print.  ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]'', Movies.  [[The New York Times Company|New York Times Company]], 7 Oct. 2007.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  6 Jan. 2009.  [Feature article which previews ''[[Sleuth (2007 film)|Sleuth]]''; includes comments from Lyall's interview with Pinter and the hyperlinked [[film trailer]].]

Riddell, Mary. [http://www.newstatesman.co.uk/199911080014.htm "The New Statesman Interview: Harold Pinter"].  ''[[New Statesman]]''.  New Statesman, 8 Nov. 1999.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  6 Jan. 2009.  [Includes [[Media clip|audio clip]].]

[[Charlie Rose|Rose, Charlie]].  [http://www.charlierose.com/view/interview/9889 "An Appreciation of Harold Pinter"].  ''[[The Charlie Rose Show]]''.  [[WNET]], New York, 2 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  14 Mar. 2009.  [Rebroadcast of "A Conversation with Harold Pinter" (filmed at the Old Vic Theatre and first broadcast on 1 Mar. 2007).  Introduced as "An appreciation of English dramatist, actor and theater director Harold Pinter who died on December 24, 2008" ("In memoriam"). (52 mins., 52 secs.; buffered).]

–––.  "A Conversation with Harold Pinter."  ''[[Charlie Rose (talk show)|Charlie Rose]]''. [[Public Broadcasting Service|PBS]].  [[WNET]], New York, 19 July 2001.  [[Television]].  [First broadcast on 19 July 2001 from 11:00 p.m. EST to 12:00 a.m. EST; also broadcast on PBS affiliate channels at various scheduled times.  (58 mins.).] [http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=5643475180929004220&q=owner%3ACharlie_Rose+Harold+Pinter Video clip] (57 mins., 47 secs.).  ''Google Video''.  [[Google]], n.d.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007 & 3 Jan. 2009.

–––. [http://www.charlierose.com/guests/harold-pinter "A Conversation with Harold Pinter"] (Filmed at the [[Old Vic]], London). ''[[Charlie Rose (talk show)|Charlie Rose]]''. [[Public Broadcasting Service|PBS]].   [[WNET]], New York, 1 Mar. 2007.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  1 Mar. 2007.  [[Television]].  [First broadcast on 1 Mar. 2007 from 11:00 p.m. ET to 12:00 a.m. ET; also broadcast on PBS affiliate channels at various scheduled times. [[Public Broadcasting Service|PBS]].  [[WXXI-TV]], [[Rochester, New York]], 1 Mar. 2007.  Broadcast from 11:00 p.m. ET to 12:00 a.m. ET. (52 mins., 21 secs.)  Full-length streaming video accessible directly from the show's Website.  Rebroadcast as "An Appreciation of Harold Pinter" (See above).]

[[Kirsty Wark|Wark, Kirsty]].  [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/newsnight/5110060.stm "Harold Pinter on ''Newsnight Review''"].  [[BBC News]].  [[BBC]], 23 June 2006.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  6 Jan. 2009.  ["Kirsty Wark introduces her interview with Harold Pinter, which aired on ''[[Newsnight#Newsnight Review|Newsnight Review]]'', Friday 23 June, at 11pm on [[BBC Two|BBC TWO]]." (See below).]

–––.  [http://news.bbc.co.uk/nolavconsole/ukfs_news/hi/newsid_4780000/newsid_4785400/nb_rm_4785475.stm "Interviews: Nobel Prize Winning Playwright Harold Pinter Talks to Kirsty Wark"].   ''[[Newsnight#Newsnight Review|Newsnight Review]]''.  [[BBC Two]], London, 23 June 2006.  [[Television]]. [[BBC News]]. [[BBC]], 25 June 2006. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  6 Jan. 2009.  [[RealPlayer]] [[Streaming media|streaming video]].  (See above.)
{{refend}}

==Stage productions==
{{refbegin|indent=yes|2}}
[http://www.lyric.co.uk/pl330.html "The Birthday Party: 8–24 May 2008"].  ''Lyric''.  [[Lyric Hammersmith]], 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  7 Jan. 2009.

[http://www.haroldpinter.org/plays/plays_bdayparty.shtml "The Birthday Party – Premiere"]. ''haroldpinter.org''.  Harold Pinter, 2000–[2008]. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  3 Oct. 2007. ["First presented by Michael Codron and David Hall at the Arts Theatre, Cambridge 28 April 1958, and subsequently at the [[Lyric Hammersmith|Lyric Opera House]], Hammersmith."  Production details and excerpts from related reviews by [[Harold Hobson]] (See below) and others.]

[http://www.haroldpinter.org/plays/plays_caretaker.shtml "The Caretaker –  Premiere"].  Dir. Donald McWhinnie, Arts Theatre Club, [[Arts Theatre]], London, 27 Apr. 1960; transferred to the [[Duchess Theatre]], London, 30 May 1960.  ''haroldpinter.org''.  Harold Pinter, 2000–[2008].  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  4 Oct. 2007. [Production details and excerpts from related reviews.]

''[http://web.archive.org/web/20071025100517/http://www.theambassadors.com/trafalgarstudios/sp_p3494.html The Dumb Waiter]'' (1957).  Dir. [[Harry Burton (actor)|Harry Burton]].  [[Trafalgar Studios]], [[London]].  Opened [[2 February]] [[2007]].  ''Trafalgar Studios''.  [[Ambassador Theatre Group]], 2 Oct. 2007.  [[Internet Archive]].  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  14 Mar. 2009.

[http://www.soniafriedman.com/news_press_releases/dumb_waiter_limited_run "Dumb Waiter Limited Run"].  50th anniversary production.  Press release.  Sonia Friedman Productions, 3 Jan. 2007.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

''[http://www.thehomecomingonbroadway.com/story.php The Homecoming on Broadway: The Story]''.  Dir. [[Daniel J. Sullivan|Daniel Sullivan]].  [[Cort Theatre]], [[New York City|New York]].  16 Dec. 2007 - 13 Apr. 2008. (Previews from 4 Dec. 2007.)  ''The Homecoming on Broadway''.  Jeffrey Richards Productions, Feb. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  27 Feb. 2008. (Official site of the 2007–2008 [[Cort Theatre]] production.) [http://web.archive.org/web/20071012031232/http://www.thehomecomingonbroadway.com/ Archived version] of home page. ''[[Internet Archive]]: The Wayback Machine'', 12 Oct. 2007.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  7 Jan. 2009.<!--Flash site no longer functioning.-->

''[http://www.ibdb.com/production.php?id=465255 The Homecoming]'' at the [[Internet Broadway Database]].  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  7 Jan. 2009.

[http://www.nt-online.org/hothouse "The Hothouse"].  Dir. [[Ian Rickson]].  Lyttelton Theatre, [[Royal National Theatre]], London.  11 July – 27 Oct. 2007.  [[Royal National Theatre|National Theatre Online]], n.d.  [[World Wide Web|Web]]. 6 Jan. 2009.  [Features NT [[Video clip|Video]].]

''[http://www.royalcourttheatre.com/productions_play_detail.asp?PlayID=455 Krapp's Last Tape]''.  Jerwood Theatre Upstairs, [[Royal Court Theatre]], [[London]].  12 Oct.–24 Oct. 2006.  Royal Court Theatre, Oct. 2006.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  6 Jan. 2009.

''[http://www.nml-westend.com/ No Man's Land]''.  Dir. [[Rupert Goold]].  [[Duke of York's Theatre]], London.  27 Sept. 2008 – 3 Jan. 2009.  Sonia Friedman Productions, n.d. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  7 Jan. 2009.(Transferred from the [[Gate Theatre]], [[Dublin]].)

[http://www.haroldpinter.org/plays/plays_onefortheroad.shtml One For The Road - Premiere"] (1984).  (A double bill with ''[[Victoria Station (play)|Victoria Station]]''.)  ''HaroldPinter.org''.  Harold Pinter, 2000–[2008].  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  6 Jan. 2009.  [Production details and excerpts from related reviews.]

[http://www.sheffieldtheatres.co.uk/index.cfm?fuseaction=news.view&NewsID=222 "Sheffield Theatres: Harold Pinter: A Celebration"].  [[Sheffield Theatres]], Sheffield, Eng., Oct. – Nov. 2006. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  14 Mar. 2009.

[http://www.haroldpinter.org/plays/plays_victoria2.shtml "Victoria Station - Lyric Studio 1984"].  (A double bill with ''[[One for the Road (Harold Pinter play)|One for the Road]]''.)  ''HaroldPinter.org''.  Harold Pinter, 2000–[2008].  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  6 Jan. 2009.  [Production details and excerpts from related reviews.]
{{refend}}

==Official authorised biography==
{{refbegin|indent=yes|2}}
[[Michael Billington (critic)|Billington, Michael]].  ''Harold Pinter''.  London: [[Faber and Faber|Faber]], 2007.  {{ISBN|9780571234769}} (13).  Updated 2nd ed. of ''The Life and Work of Harold Pinter''.  1996.  London: Faber, 1997. {{ISBN|0571171036}} (10). Print.
{{refend}}

==Other secondary sources==
{{refbegin|indent=yes|2}}
Agencies.  [http://books.guardian.co.uk/nobelprize/story/0,,1591412,00.html "'The foremost representative of British drama':] Excerpts from the Swedish Academy's Citation Awarding the 2005 Nobel Prize for Literature to British Playwright Harold Pinter."  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]'', Culture: Books.  [[Guardian Media Group]],  13 Oct. 2005. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  23 Mar. 2009. (Previously part of "Special Reports: The Nobel Prize for Literature" in 2005.)

Allen-Mills, Tony.  [http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/article586943.ece "This Pinter Guy Could Turn Into a Pain"].  ''[[The Sunday Times|Times Online]]''. [[News International]], 6 Nov. 2005. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  15 Mar. 2009.  ["Belatedly, Americans are wising up to a Nobel menace, says Tony Allen-Mills."]

Anderson, Porter.  [http://www.cnn.com/2006/SHOWBIZ/books/03/16/pinter.europe/index.html "Harold Pinter: Theater's Angry Old Man:] At the Prize of Europe, the Playwright Is All Politics."  ''[[CNN|CNN.com]]''. [[CNN]], 17 Mar. 2006. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

Baker, William.  ''Harold Pinter''.  Writers' Lives Series.  London and New York: [[Continuum International Publishing Group]], 2008.  {{ISBN|0826499708}} (10) (hardback). {{ISBN|9780826499707}} (13) (hardback).  {{ISBN|0826499716}} (10) (paperback). {{ISBN|9780826499714}} (13) (paperback). Print.

Batiukov, Michael. [http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/viewArticle.asp?articleID=35833 "Belarus 'Free Theatre' Is Under Attack by Militia in Minsk, Belarus"]. ''[[The American Chronicle|American Chronicle]]''.  Ultio, LLC, 22 Aug. 2007. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

Batty, Mark.  ''About Pinter: The Playwright and the Work''.  London: Faber, 2005. {{ISBN|0571220053}} (10).  {{ISBN|9780571220052}} (13). Print.  [Includes chap. 9, "Views on Pinter: Friends and Collaborators" on 155–221.]

Begley, Varun.  ''Harold Pinter and the Twilight of Modernism''.  Toronto: U of Toronto P, 2005.  {{ISBN|0802038875}} (10).  {{ISBN|9780802038876}} (13). Print.

[[Michael Billington (critic)|Billington, Michael]]. [http://blogs.guardian.co.uk/theatre/2007/04/the_importance_of_being_pinter.html "The Importance of Being Pinter:] A New Production by the Belarus Free Theatre Reinforces the Global Resonance of the British Playwright's Political Works". ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]'', Arts blog – Theatre. [[Guardian Media Group]], 16 Apr. 2007. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  16 April 2007.

–––.  [http://www.guardian.co.uk/stage/2006/oct/16/theatre.beckettat100 "Krapp's Last Tape: 4 Stars Royal Court, London"].  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]'', Theatre. [[Guardian Media Group]], 16 Oct. 2006. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  6 Jan. 2009.

–––. [http://books.guardian.co.uk/news/articles/0,6109,1661931,00.html "Passionate Pinter's Devastating Assault On US Foreign Policy]: Shades of Beckett As Ailing Playwright Delivers Powerful Nobel Lecture."  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]''. [[Guardian Media Group]],  8 Dec. 2005, Books. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

–––. [http://www.guardian.co.uk/comment/story/0,,2023570,00.html "We Are Catching Up With This Man's Creative Talent At Last:] The Current Rash of Pinter Revivals Is about Far More Than Guilt or Respect.  Both Artistically and Politically, He Was Ahead of the Pack."  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]'', Comment.   [[Guardian Media Group]],  1 Mar. 2007. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  11 Oct. 2007.

Bond, Paul.  [http://www.wsws.org/articles/2005/dec2005/pint-d29.shtml "Harold Pinter's Artistic Achievement"].  ''[[World Socialist Web Site]]''.  World Socialist Web Site, 29 Dec. 2005. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

[[Ben Brantley|Brantley, Ben]].  [http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/p/harold_pinter/index.html "Harold Pinter"].  ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]'', Times Topics .  [[The New York Times Company|New York Times Company]], 2009 (updated periodically). [[World Wide Web|Web]].  6 Jan. 2009.  [Introd. to hyperlinked ''Harold Pinter News––New York Times''; includes menu of recommended external links.]

–––.  "A Master of Menace." (Audio file.)  (See "Multimedia resources" listed below.)

–––.  "Theater Review: The Homecoming (Cort Theater): [http://theater2.nytimes.com/2007/12/17/theater/reviews/17home.html You Can Go Home Again, But You'll Pay the Consequences"].  ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]'' 17 Dec. 2007, The Arts: E1. Print. [[The New York Times Company|New York Times Company]], 17 Dec. 2007. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  17 Dec. 2007.

Brown, Mark.  [http://www.socialistreview.org.uk/article.php?articlenumber=8575 "What Is It (War) Good for?"]  ''[[Socialist Review]]''.  Socialist Review, Sept. 2003. [[World Wide Web|Web]].   2 Oct. 2007.  [Book rev. of ''War'', by Harold Pinter.]

[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4505874.stm "Bush and Blair Slated by Pinter"].  ''[[BBC News]]''. [[BBC]], 7 Dec. 2005. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007. (Features related links.)

''[http://cco.cambridge.org/extract?id=ccol0521651239_CCOL0521651239_root The Cambridge Companion to Harold Pinter]''.  Ed. Peter Raby.  Cambridge Companions to Literature.  Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2001.  {{ISBN|052165842X}} (10).  {{ISBN|9780521658423}} (13). Print.   ''Cambridge Collections Online''. Cambridge University Press, n.d. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  11 October 2007. [Hyperlinked table of contents.]

[[Central School of Speech and Drama]] (CSSD).  [http://www.cssd.ac.uk/news.php/13/central_announces_new_president.html "Central Announces New President"].  [[Press release]]. [[Central School of Speech and Drama]].  [[University of London]],  9 Oct. 2008. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  15 Oct. 2008.

–––. [http://www.cssd.ac.uk/news.php/14/centralrsquos_2008_graduation_ceremony.html "Central's 2008 Graduation Ceremony:] Honorary Fellowships for Harold Pinter, [[Jo Brand]] and [[Penny Francis]]".  [[Press release]]. [[Central School of Speech and Drama]].   [[University of London]], 12 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]]. 1 Jan. 2009.

[[Noam Chomsky|Chomsky, Noam]].  [http://www.zmag.org/content/showarticle.cfm?SectionID=107&ItemID=10891 "Comments on Dershowitz"].  ''[[Z Communications|ZNet]]''.  ''[[Z Communications]]'', 6 Sept. 2006. [[World Wide Web|Web]]. 7 Sept. 2006. (Followed by text by [[Alan Dershowitz]].)

–––.  [http://www.chomsky.info/letters/20060719.htm "Israel, Lebanon, and Palestine:] [[Tariq Ali]], [[John Berger]], [[Noam Chomsky]], [[Eduardo Galeano]], [[Naomi Klein]], [[Harold Pinter]], [[Arundhati Roy]], [[José Saramago]] & [[Howard Zinn]]" (Updated signatures).  ''chomsky.info'' . Noam Chomsky, 19 July 2006. [[World Wide Web|Web]], 4 Oct. 2007.

Chrisafis, Angelique, and Imogen Tilden. [http://www.guardian.co.uk/arts/news/story/0,11711,975050,00.html "Pinter Blasts 'Nazi America' and 'deluded idiot' Blair"].  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]''. [[Guardian Media Group]],  11 June 2003. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

Christie, Janet.  [http://living.scotsman.com/books.cfm?id=1595372007 "Cautionary Tale about a Boy and Girl"].  ''[[Scotland on Sunday]]'', Books.  [[The Scotsman Publications Ltd|Scotsman Publications]], 7 Oct. 2007.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  9 Oct. 2007.  [Outdated link.]   [http://web.archive.org/web/20071013172524/http://living.scotsman.com/books.cfm?id=1595372007 "Cautionary Tale about a Boy and a Girl"] (archived version). [[Internet Archive]], 13 Oct. 2007.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  26 Jan. 2009.

Cohen, Lisa.  [http://www.edgeftlauderdale.com/index.php?ch=entertainment&sc=theatre&sc2=features&sc3=&id=3971 "J. Barry Lewis on 'Betrayal'"], ''Edge'' ([[Ft. Lauderdale, Florida]]).  Edge Publications, Inc., 1 Mar. 2007.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

Cole, Olivia.  [http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/stage/theatre/article1364686.ece "Cut the Pauses ...Says Pinter"].  ''[[The Sunday Times|Times Online]]''. [[News International]] ([[News Corporation]]), 11 Feb. 2007.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

Coppa, Francesca. [http://cco.cambridge.org/extract?id=ccol0521651239_CCOL0521651239A006 "The Sacred Joke:] Comedy and Politics in Pinter's Early Plays".  44–56 in ''The Cambridge Companion to Harold Pinter''.  Ed. Peter Raby.  Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2001. Print.  ''Cambridge Collections Online''.  Cambridge University Press, n.d.  [[World Wide Web|Web]]. 4 Jan. 2009. [Extract; registered account required for access to full text.]

''[http://www.cuba-solidarity.org/ Cuba Solidarity Campaign in the UK] (CSC)''.  Cuba Solidarity Campaign in the UK, 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]], 24 June 2009.  (Official Website updated periodically.) [Site originally entitled ''Hands Off Cuba!'' when Pinter first began supporting the CSC and when accessed on  3 Oct. 2007 (see below).  Re-titled ''The Cuba Solidarity Campaign in the UK''.  According to his official website, not yet fully updated, "Harold Pinter is an active delegate and speaker on behalf of the CSC, especially in its campaign against the US Embargo" ("Political organisations" and causes supported by Pinter as hyperlinked in "Politics" in ''HaroldPinter.org'', 2000–[2009].  [[World Wide Web|Web]], 24 June 2009.]

[http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F02E3DD163BF934A35753C1A964948260 "Death of Vivien Merchant Is Ascribed to Alcoholism"]. ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]''. [[The New York Times Company|New York Times Company]], 7 Oct. 1982.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  3 Oct. 2007.

[http://entertainment.aol.co.uk/entertainment-news/degree-honour-for-playwright-pinter/article/20081210135450881462169 "Degree Honour for Playwright Pinter"]. ''AOL.co.uk''. [[AOL]] (UK), 10 Dec. 2008. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  12 Mar. 2009.  [Cites [[Central School of Speech and Drama]].]

Diamond, Elin. ''Pinter's Comic Play''.  Lewisburg, PA: Bucknell UP, 1985. Print.

Dougary, Ginny.  [http://women.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/women/article4241665.ece "Lady Antonia Fraser's Life Less Ordinary:] In a Frank Interview, the Famed Writer Talks about Motherhood, Catholicism, Her Parents and Soulmate [[Harold Pinter]]". ''[[The Times|Times Online]]''. [[News International]] ([[News Corporation]]),  5 July 2008. [[World Wide Web|Web]].   5 July 2008.

Eden, Richard, and Tim Walker.  [http://www.bookrags.com/highbeam/a-pinteresque-silence-20060827-hb/ "Mandrake: A Pinteresque Silence"]. ''[[The Daily Telegraph|Sunday Telegraph]]''. [[Telegraph Media Group]], 27 Aug. 2006.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.  <nowiki><http://www.telegraph.co.uk/opinion/main.jhtml?xml=/opinion/2006/08/27/nosplit/dp2701.xml></nowiki> (original URL).  ''Bookrags: [[HighBeam Research]]''. [[Cengage Learning]] (Gale), 27 Aug. 2006.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  16 Mar. 2009.  (Free trial for non-subscribers).<!--This article was fully checked and its content fully verified on 2 Oct. 2007 from the original URL.-->

[[Niall Ferguson|Ferguson, Niall]].  [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/personal-view/3621643/Do-the-sums-then-compare-US-and-Communist-crimes-from-the-Cold-War.html "Personal View: Do the Sums, Then Compare US and Communist Crimes from the Cold War"].  ''[[The Daily Telegraph|Telegraph]]''. [[Telegraph Media Group]],  11 Dec. 2005.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  9 May 2009.

Filichia, Peter. [http://www.mccarter.org/ticketoffice/reviews.aspx?event_id=2419&page_id=8 "McCarter Gives Pinter a Happy 'Birthday Party'&nbsp;"]. ''[[Star-Ledger]]''.  McCarter Theatre Ticket Office (Reviews), 18 Sept. 2006.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

[[Donald Freed|Freed, Donald]].  [http://www.anotheramerica.org/courage_of_harold_pinter.htm "The Courage of Harold Pinter"]. Presentation at Artist and Citizen: 50 Years of Performing Pinter.  [[University of Leeds]], 13 Apr. 2007.  ''[[Another America]]''.  Donald Freed, Apr. 2007. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  28 May 2007.

French Embassy in the [[United Kingdom]].  [http://www.ambafrance-uk.org/Legion-d-honneur-for-Harold-Pinter.html "Harold Pinter Awarded Légion d'Honneur"].  ''France in the United Kingdom''.  French Embassy (UK), 17 Jan. 2007.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  3 Oct. 2007. ([[News release|Press release]].)

[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/6273365.stm "French PM Honours Harold Pinter"].  [[BBC News]]. [[BBC]], 18 Jan. 2007. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

Gale, Steven H. ''Sharp Cut: Harold Pinter's Screenplays and the Artistic Process''.  Lexington: UP of Kentucky, 2003.  {{ISBN|0813122449}} (10).  {{ISBN|9780813122441}} (13). Print.

–––, ed. ''The Films of Harold Pinter''.  Albany: SUNY P, 2001.  {{ISBN|0791449327}} (10).  {{ISBN|9780791449325}} (13).  Print. 

Gans, Andrew.  [http://www.playbill.com/news/article/110205.html "Broadway Homecoming Will Be a Week Later Than Originally Announced"]. ''[[Playbill]]'', News.  Playbill, 9 Aug. 2007. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.  [Features hyperlink to [http://www1.playbill.com/events/event_detail/12742.html "Listings/Tickets/Broadway: The Homecoming"], ''[[Playbill]]''.]

–––.  [http://www.playbill.com/news/article/109796.html "Esparza to Return to Broadway in The Homecoming; McKean, Too"], ''[[Playbill]]'', News.  Playbill, 24 July 2007. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

–––.  [http://www.playbill.com/news/article/103521.html "Ian McShane to Have Broadway ''Homecoming''"]. ''[[Playbill]]'', News.  Playbill, 14 Nov. 2006.  [[World Wide Web|Web]]. 2 Oct. 2007.

Ganz, Arthur R., ed.  ''Pinter: A Collection of Critical Essays''.  Twentieth Century Views.   Englewood Cliffs, NJ: [[Prentice Hall]], 1972.  {{ISBN|0136763871}} (10).  {{ISBN|9780136763871}} (13).  {{ISBN|0136763790}} (10). {{ISBN|9780136763796}} (13).  Print.  [http://www.archive.org/stream/pinteracriticale007278mbp/pinteracriticale007278mbp_djvu.txt Archived version of full text].  ''[[Internet Archive]]'', n.d.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  19 Jan. 2009.

[[M. C. Gardner|Gardner, M.C.]]  [http://www.anotheramerica.org/harold_pinter's_war.htm "Harold Pinter's ''War''"].  Book rev.  ''[[Another America]] Journal''.  Lightning Source, Inc., 2003.  ''[[Another America]]''.  Donald Freed, May 2007. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  6 Jan. 2009.

Gordon, Lois, ed.  ''Pinter at 70:  A Casebook''.  Casebooks on Modern Dramatists.  1990.  Rev. and enl. ed.  New York: Routledge, 2001. {{ISBN|0415936306}} (10).  {{ISBN|9780415936309}} (13). Print.

Grimes, Charles.  ''Harold Pinter's Politics:  A Silence Beyond Echo''.  Madison & Teaneck: Fairleigh Dickinson UP; Cranbury, NJ: Associated UP, 2005.  {{ISBN|0838640508}}. Print.

[[Mel Gussow|Gussow, Mel]].  [http://theater2.nytimes.com/mem/theater/treview.html?_r=1&pagewanted=print&res=9D0CEFDD103FF932A05754C0A967958260&oref=slogin "Critic's Notebook]: On the London Stage, a Feast of Revenge, Menace and Guilt".  ''[[The New York Times Company|New York Times Company]]''. [[The New York Times Company|New York Times]],  31 July 1991. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.  (Site registration may be required.)

Hadley, Kathryn.  [http://historytodaymagazine.blogspot.com/2009/06/forward-to-freedom.html "Forward to Freedom"].  ''History Today News'', History in the News.  History Today Magazine, 15 June 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  25 June 2009.

''[http://www.cuba-solidarity.org/ Hands Off Cuba!]''  The Cuba Solidarity Campaign in the UK, n.d. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  3 Oct. 2007.  [Official website updated periodically; [[cf.]] updated website for The Cuba Solidarity Campaign in the UK, listed above.]

[[Johann Hari|Hari, Johann]].  [http://www.johannhari.com/archive/article.php?id=741 "Johann Hari: Pinter Does Not Deserve the Nobel Prize:] The Only Response to His Nobel Rant (and Does Anyone Doubt It Will Be a Rant?) Will Be a Long, Long Pause" (column).  ''[[The Independent|Independent]]'', Comment.  [[Independent News & Media]], 6 Dec. 2005.  Johann Hari, 2 Oct. 2007.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  12 Oct. 2007.  (Archived in ''johannhari.com''.)

[http://www.readings.org/news/011001pinter.html "Harold Pinter Added to IFOA Lineup"]. Press release.  International Festival of Authors (IFOA), Toronto, 1 Oct. 2001. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  1 Oct. 2001.  [http://web.archive.org/web/20020225161916/http://www.readings.org/news/011001pinter.html "Harold Pinter Added to IFOA Lineup"].  Archived IFOA press release. ''[[The Internet Archive]]: The Wayback Machine''. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  4 Oct. 2007.

{{ibdb name|name=Harold Pinter|id=6084}}. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  3 Oct. 2007.

[http://www.dramaturg.org/?lang=en&menu=expand_article&article_id=1816952385 "Harold Pinter Meets Free Theatre in Leeds"].  Press release.  ''[http://www.dramaturg.org/?lang=en Belarus Free Theatre]''. [[Belarus Free Theatre]], 2 May 2007. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.  [English version has some typographical errors; also accessible in [[Belarusian language|Belarusian]] [p??????] and in [[French language|French]] [français].  Features photographs reposted from Mark Taylor-Batty's [[University of Leeds]] Website for the conference [[Harold Pinter and academia#Artist and Citizen: 50 Years of Performing Pinter|Artist and Citizen: 50 Years of Performing Pinter]].]

[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/4502430.stm "Harold Pinter Taken to Hospital"].  ''[[BBC News]]''.  [[BBC]], 30 Nov. 2005.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  7 May 2009.

Hickling, Alfred.  [http://arts.guardian.co.uk/theatre/drama/reviews/story/0,,2058095,00.html "''Being Harold Pinter'' ***** Workshop, University of Leeds"]. ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]''. [[Guardian Media Group]], 16 Apr. 2007. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

Higgins, Charlotte.  [http://arts.guardian.co.uk/edinburgh2006/story/0,,1858853,00.html "Edinburgh Festival: Two-act rant from Sean and Harold"].  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]''. [[Guardian Media Group]],  26 Aug. 2006. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

Hinchliffe, Arnold P.  ''Harold Pinter''.  The Griffin Authors Ser. New York: St. Martin's P, 1967. Print.

[[Christopher Hitchens|Hitchens, Christopher]]. [http://online.wsj.com/article/SB112950379731670200.html "Opinion: The Sinister Mediocrity of Harold Pinter"].   ''[[The Wall Street Journal|Wall Street Jour.]]'' 17 Oct. 2005, A18. Print.  Wall Street Journal ([[Dow Jones & Company]]), 17 Oct. 2005. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  7 May 2009. [Electronic ed.; printable version "for personal, non-commercial use only."]

[[Harold Hobson|Hobson, Harold]].  "The Screw Turns Again".  ''[[The Times|Sunday Times]]'' 25 May 1958: 11.   Print.   (Cited in Merritt, ''Pinter in Play''.)  Rpt. in ''The Birthday Party''.  ''HaroldPinter.org''.  Harold Pinter, 2000–[2008].   [[World Wide Web|Web]].  3 Oct. 2007.  (See also "Stage productions" listed above.)

Hodgson, Martin.  [http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/this_britain/article2237707.ece "British Jews Break Away from 'pro-Israeli' Board of Deputies"]. ''[[The Independent|Independent]]''.  [[Independent News & Media]], 5 Feb. 2007. [[World Wide Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

Honigsbaum, Mark.  [http://books.guardian.co.uk/nobelprize/story/0,,1649409,00.html "Publisher to Stand In for Pinter at Nobel Ceremony"].  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]''. [[Guardian Media Group]],  24 Nov. 2005. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

Horwitz, Simi.  [http://www.backstage.com/bso/news_reviews/stage/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1003650129 "James Frain Joins 'The Homecoming'"]. ''Backstage.com''.  [[Nielsen Company|Nielsen Business Media, Inc.]], 2 Oct. 2007.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  5 Oct. 2007.

Howard, Jennifer.  [http://chronicle.com/free/2005/10/2005101301n.htm "Nobel Prize in Literature Goes to Harold Pinter, British Playwright Widely Studied in Academe"].  ''[[The Chronicle of Higher Education|Chronicle of Higher Education]]''.  Chronicle of Higher Education, 13 Oct. 2006. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

Hudgins, Christopher C.  "Harold Pinter's ''[[Lolita (1997 film)#History of the screenplay|Lolita]]'': 'My Sin, My Soul'."  123–46 in Gale, ''The Films of Harold Pinter''.

–––.  "The Nobel Prize Festivities: Stockholm, December 2005.  A Joyous Report."   ''The Pinter Review: Nobel Prize/Europe Theatre Prize Volume: 2005 – 2008''.  Ed. Francis Gillen with Steven H. Gale.  Tampa: U of Tampa P, 2008.  43–50.  Print.

–––.  "Three Unpublished Harold Pinter Filmscripts: ''[[The Handmaid's Tale (film)#Pinter's unpublished filmscript|The Handmaid's Tale]]'', ''[[The Remains of the Day (film)#Background and production notes|The Remains of the Day]]'', ''[[Lolita (1997 film)|Lolita]]''."  ''The Pinter Review: Nobel Prize/Europe Theatre Prize Volume: 2005 – 2008''.  Ed. Francis Gillen with Steven H. Gale.  Tampa: U of Tampa P, 2008.  132–39.  Print.

Jacobson, Aileen.  "Pinter's Pauses: Even the Playwright Thinks They've Led to Over-pausing.  But Actors in Two New Productions Find Them Exciting."  ''[[Newsday]]'', 5 Nov. 1989. Print.

Jones, Edward T.  "On ''The Remains of the Day'': Harold Pinter Remaindered."  99–107 in Gale, ''The Films of Harold Pinter''.

[[David Jones (director)|Jones, David]].  [http://roundabouttheater.org/fc/fall03/jones.htm "Travels with Harold"].  ''Front & Center Online'' ("The Online Version of [[Roundabout Theatre Company]]'s Subscriber Magazine").  Roundabout Theatre Company, Fall 2003.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  9 Oct. 2007.  (3 pages.)  ["David Jones' Staging of ''The Caretaker'' for Roundabout Culminates a 40-Year Career Acting and Directing the Work of Harold Pinter.  Here the Director Looks Back."]

Karwowski, Michael. [http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G1-111858203.html "Harold Pinter––a Political Playwright?"]  ''[[Contemporary Review]]'' 283.1654 (Nov. 2003): 291–96. Rpt. in ''HighBeam Encyclopedia''. [[World Wide Web|Web]].<!--checked and verified.-->

[[John Lahr|Lahr, John]].  [http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2007/12/24/071224fa_fact_lahr "Demolition Man: Harold Pinter and 'The Homecoming'&nbsp;"].  ''[[The New Yorker (magazine)|New Yorker]]'' 24 Dec. 2007, "Onward and Upward with the Arts".   Print.  ''[[The New Yorker (magazine)|New Yorker]]''.  New Yorker Magazine, 16 Dec. 2007.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  16 Dec. 2007.  (Advance online version: 6 pages online; 7 pages in printout.)

[http://www.premio-europa.org/open_page.php?id=319 "Letter of Motivation for the European Theatre Prize"].  10th Edition of the [[Europe Theatre Prize]] to Harold Pinter ("X Premio Europa per il teatro a Harold Pinter").  ''premio-europa.org''.  Europe Theatre Prize, [[Turin]], Italy, 8–12 Mar. 2006.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  10 Mar. 2009.

Lyall, Sarah. [http://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/08/international/europe/08pinter.html "Playwright Takes a Prize and a Jab at U.S."]  ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]''. [[The New York Times Company|New York Times Company]],  8 Dec. 2006. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.  [Correction appended 10 Dec. 2005: "''An article on Thursday about the playwright Harold Pinter's criticism of American foreign policy in his acceptance speech for the Nobel Prize for literature described it incompletely. He said that both President Bush and Prime Minister Tony Blair - and not just Prime Minister Blair - should be tried before the [[International Criminal Court]] of Justice for the [[2003 invasion of Iraq|invasion of Iraq]].''"]

Mbeki, Thabo.  [http://www.anc.org.za/ancdocs/anctoday/2005/at42.htm "Letter from the President: Hail the Nobel Laureates - Apostles of Human Curiosity!"].  ''[[African National Congress|ANC]] Today'' ("Online Voice of the African National Congress") 5.42 (21–27 Oct. 2005). [[African National Congress]], 12 Nov. 2007. [[World Wide Web|Web]].

[McDowell, Leslie.]  "Book Festival Reviews: [http://living.scotsman.com/topics.cfm?tid=893&id=1260982006 Pinter at 75: The Anger Still Burns: Harold Pinter"]. ''[[The Scotsman]]'' 26 Aug. 2006: 5.  Print.  The Scotsman Publications Limited ([[Johnston Press]] Plc), (updated) 27 Aug. 2006.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  6 Jan. 2009.

Merritt, Susan Hollis. "(Anti-)Global Pinter."  ''The Pinter Review: Nobel Prize/Europe Theatre Prize Volume: 2005 – 2008''.  Ed. Francis Gillen with Steven H. Gale.  Tampa: U of Tampa P, 2008.  140–67.  Print.

–––.  "''Betrayal'' in Denver."  ''The Pinter Review: Collected Essays 2003 and 2004''.  Ed. Francis Gillen and Steven H. Gale.  Tampa: U of Tampa P, 2004.  187–201.  Print.

–––.  "Europe Theatre Prize Celebration -- Turin, Italy."  ''Harold Pinter Society Newsletter'', Fall 2006. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  (Downloadable electronic document sent to members.)

–––.  "Harold Pinter's ''Ashes to Ashes'': Political/Personal Echoes of the Holocaust."  ''The Pinter Review: Collected Essays 1999 and 2000''.  Ed. Francis Gillen and Steven H. Gale.  Tampa: U of Tampa P, 2000.  73–84.  Print.

–––.  ''Pinter in Play: Critical Strategies and the Plays of Harold Pinter''.  1990.  Durham and London: Duke UP, 1995. {{ISBN|0822316749}} (10).  {{ISBN|9780822316749}} (13). Print.

–––.  "Pinter Playing Pinter: ''The Hothouse''."  ''The Pinter Review: Collected Essays 1995–1996''.  Ed. Francis Gillen and Steven H. Gale.  Tampa: U of Tampa P, 1997. 73–84.  Print.

–––.  "Talking about Pinter."  (On the Lincoln Center Festival 2001: Harold Pinter Festival Symposia.)  ''The Pinter Review: Collected Essays 2001 and 2002''.  Ed. Francis Gillen and Steven H. Gale.  Tampa: U of Tampa P, 2002.  144–67. Print.

Moss, Stephen.  [http://www.guardian.co.uk/saturday_review/story/0,3605,268400,00.html "The Guardian Profile: Harold Pinter: Under the Volcano"].  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]''. [[Guardian Media Group]],  4 Sept. 1999. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

[http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/nobelprize2005 "The Nobel Prize for Literature 2005: Harold Pinter"].  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]''.  [[Guardian Media Group]], [2005–2009].  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  23 Mar. 2009.  (Index of articles; some part of "Special Reports: The Nobel Prize for Literature" in 2005.)

[http://comment.independent.co.uk/letters/article1188853.ece "Palestinian Nation Under Threat".] [[The Independent|Independent]].  [[Independent News & Media]], 21 July 2006. [[World Wide Web]]. 3 Oct. 2007.

[[Jay Parini|Parini, Jay]].  [http://chronicle.com/weekly/v52/i12/12b01501.htm "Theater: Pinter's Plays, Pinter's Politics"]. ''[[The Chronicle of Higher Education|Chronicle of Higher Education]]'', Chronicle Rev.  Chronicle of Higher Education, 11 Nov. 2005. [[World Wide Web]].   2 Oct. 2007.  (3 pages.)

[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,917680-1,00.html "People"]. ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' .  Time Inc., 11 Aug. 1975. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007. [Archived in the ''[http://www.time.com/time/archive Time Archive: 1923 to the Present]''.] (Page 1 of 2 pages.)<!--Updated URLs.-->

[[John Pilger|Pilger, John]].  [http://www.zmag.org/content/showarticle.cfm?ItemID=8941 "The Silence of Writers"].  ''[[Z Communications|ZNet]]''.  Z Communications, 16 Oct. 2005. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  5 July 2006.

[http://reporter.leeds.ac.uk/press_releases/current/pinter.htm "Pinter Honoured for a Lifetime's Contribution to the Arts"]. [[University of Leeds]] press release.  University of Leeds, 13 Apr. 2007.   [[World Wide Web|Web]].  15 Apr. 2007.

[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4338082.stm "Pinter Wins Nobel Literary Prize".] ''[[BBC News]]'' . [[BBC]], 13 Oct. 2005. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

[http://www.socialistworker.co.uk/art.php?id=15188 "Protesters Will Defy Ban on Anti-Bush Demo on Sunday 15 June"].  ''[[Socialist Worker]] Online'' ([[United Kingdom|UK]]).  Socialist Worker, 14 June 2008. [[World Wide Web|Web]]. 12 June 2008.

[[David Pryce-Jones|Pryce-Jones, David]].  [http://article.nationalreview.com/?q=YTkzMWIwZGU4YTkxYTZkMjk4NTE2NDMxMzU2YmVhN2Y= "Harold Pinter's Special Triteness:] Harold Pinter Wins the [[Nobel Prize in Literature]]."  ''[[National Review]]'' 7 Nov. 2005.  [[National Review|National Review Online]] ([[National Review|National Review, Inc.]]), 28 Oct. 2005.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  3 Mar. 2009.  Rpt. in [http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1282/is_20_57/ai_n15926063 "News Publications: 2005 Ad"].  ''[[BNET]]: Business Network''.  [[FindArticles]] ([[Gale (Cengage)|Gale Cengage Learning]]), 2008.  [[CBS Interactive]], Inc., 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  7 Mar. 2009.  (3 pages.)

Quigley, Austin E.  "Pinter, Politics and Postmodernmism (I)."  7–27 in ''The Cambridge Companion to Harold Pinter''. Print.

Reddy, E. S. "Free Mandela: An Account of the Campaign to Free Nelson Mandela and All Other Political Prisoners in South Africa."  ''[http://www.anc.org.za/ancdocs/history/campaigns/prisoner.html African National Congress (ANC): Documents: History of Campaigns]''.  African National Congress, July 1988. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  5 Jan. 2009.

Riddell, Mary.  [http://books.guardian.co.uk/nobelprize/story/0,,1664822,00.html "Comment: Prophet without Honour:] Harold Pinter Can Be Cantankerous and Puerile. But He Is a Worthy Nobel Prizewinner."  ''[[Guardian.co.uk]]''. [[Guardian Media Group]], 11 Dec. 2005. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  6 Jan. 2009.

Robertson, Campbell. [http://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/24/theater/24best.html "In Search of Her Inner Kangaroo Suit:] Eve Best Storms Broadway and New York."  ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]'', 24 Dec. 2007, The Arts: E1, 6. 24 Dec. 2007. Print. [[The New York Times Company|New York Times Company]], 24 Dec. 2007. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  24 Dec. 2007.  (Interview with actress [[Eve Best]] [Ruth in ''[[The Homecoming]]'' ([[Cort Theatre]])].)

Robinson, David.  [http://living.scotsman.com/books.cfm?id=1265162006 "Books: Doyle Returns to an Old Favourite in New Work; . . . Harold Pinter"].  ''[[The Scotsman|Scotsman]]'', Living.  Scotsman, 28 Aug. 2006. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

–––.  [http://news.scotsman.com/uk.cfm?id=1258602006 "I'm Written Out, Says Controversial Pinter"]. ''[[The Scotsman|Scotsman]]'' 26 Aug. 2006: 6.  Print.  Scotsman, 26 Aug. 2006. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  26 Aug. 2006.

[[Sheffield Theatres]].  [http://www.sheffieldtheatres.co.uk/index.cfm?fuseaction=news.view&NewsID=222 "Latest News: August 2006: Sheffield Theatres Presents Pinter: A Celebration"].  Press release.  Sheffield Theatres, 18 Aug. 2006.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  7 Jan. 2009.

Shenton, Mark.  [http://blogs.thestage.co.uk/shenton/2006/03/pinter-in-turin/ "Pinter in Turin"].  ''[[The Stage|Stage]] [[Blog]]s: Shenton's View''.  Stage Newspaper Limited, 11 Mar. 2006.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  15 Mar. 2009.

Smith, Alastair. [http://www.thestage.co.uk/news/newsstory.php/22095/pinter-replaces-mandelson-as-central "Pinter Replaces Mandelson as Central President"].  ''[[The Stage|Stage]]''.  Stage Newspaper Limited, 14 Oct. 2008. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  15 Oct. 2008.

Smith, Martin J. [http://blogs.guardian.co.uk/theatre/2007/03/my_diary_of_pinters_homecoming.html "My Diary of Pinter's Homecoming"].  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]'',  Arts Blog – Theatre. [[Guardian Media Group]], 16 Mar. 2007. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  16 Mar. 2007.

Smith, Neil.  [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/4339096.stm "&nbsp;'Political element' to Pinter Prize?"]  ''[[BBC News]]''. [[BBC]], 13 Oct. 2005.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

Smith, Susan Harris.  "&nbsp;'Pinteresque' in the Popular Press."  ''The Pinter Review: Collected Essays 2003 and 2004''.  Ed. Francis Gillen and Steven H. Gale.  Tampa: U of Tampa P, 2004.  103–108.  Print.

Sofer, Andrew. "The Cheese-Roll under the Cocktail Cabinet: Pinter's Object Lessons."  ''The Pinter Review: Collected Essays 2003 and 2004''.  Ed. Francis Gillen and Steven H. Gale.  Tampa: U of Tampa P, 2004.  29–38. Print.

[http://books.guardian.co.uk/nobelprize/0,14969,1285607,00.html "Special Report: The Nobel Prize for Literature: 2005 Harold Pinter"].  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]''. [[Guardian Media Group]], 2 Oct. 2007. [[World Wide Web]].  2 Oct. 2007. (Features links relating to Harold Pinter's 2005 [[Nobel Prize in Literature]]. [Periodically updated and re-located.])

[[Swedish Academy]]. [http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/2005/index.html "The Nobel Prize in Literature 2005: Harold Pinter"].  ''Nobelprize.org''.  Swedish Academy and [[The Nobel Foundation|Nobel Foundation]], 13 Oct. 2005. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  4 Oct. 2007. (Hyperlinked account.  Provides links to the official Nobel Prize announcement, Bio-bibliography, Bibliography, press release, press conference, and audio and video streaming media files of the press conference and related interviews and features.  These resources are accessible on the official websites of both the [[Nobel Prize]] (Nobel Foundation) and the Swedish Academy; they are periodically revised and re-located.)

Taylor-Batty, Mark.  "Fling Open Door and Let Pinter's Pause Be Heard." ''[[Times Higher Education Supplement]]'' 27 Apr. 2007: 12. Print.

Thomson, David T. ''Pinter: The Player's Playwright''.  London: Macmillan, 1985.  New York: Schocken, 1985.  {{ISBN|0805239642}}. Print.

Toíbín, Colm.  [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/arts/main.jhtml?xml=/arts/2006/10/07/btpinter07.xml "Pinter Takes On Beckett"].  ''[[The Daily Telegraph|Daily Telegraph]]''. [[News International]], 7 Oct. 2006.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  3 Oct. 2007.  ("As Harold Pinter prepares to tackle 'Krapp's Last Tape', novelist Colm Toíbín looks forward to a meeting of two theatrical giants.")

Traub, James. [http://www.nytimes.com/2005/10/30/magazine/30wwln.html "The Way We Live Now: Their Highbrow Hatred of Us"].  ''[[The New York Times|New York Times Mag.]]''.  [[The New York Times Company|New York Times Company]], 30 Oct. 2005. [[World Wide Web|Web]]. 30 Oct 2005. (Site registration may be required.)

[http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9B06E3DB1339F93AA3575AC0A9679C8B63&n=Top%2fReference%2fTimes%20Topics%2fPeople%2fP%2fPinter%2c%20Harold "Travel Advisory:]  Toronto Festival Honors 14 Leaders in the Arts".  ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]'' (Archive).   [[The New York Times Company|New York Times Company]], 9 Sept. 2001. [[World Wide Web|Web]].   4 Oct. 2007.  (Site registration may be required.)

Wardle, Irving.  "The Birthday Party."  ''[[Encore (magazine)|Encore]]'' 5 (July–Aug. 1958): 39–40.  Rpt. in ''The'' Encore ''Reader: A Chronicle of the New Drama''.  Ed. [[Charles Marowitz]], Tom Milne, and Owen Hale.  London: Methuen, 1965.  76–78. Print.   (Reissued as: ''New Theatre Voices of the Fifties and Sixties''.  London: Eyre Methuen, 1981.)

–––.  "Comedy of Menace."  ''Encore'' 5 (Sept.–Oct. 1958): 28–33.  Rpt. in ''The'' Encore ''Reader'' and ''New Theatre Voices'' 86–91. Print.

–––.  "Pinter, Harold."  657–58 in ''The Reader's Encyclopedia of World Drama''. Ed.  John Gassner and Edward Quinn.  New York: Crowell, 1969. Print.

"There's Music in That Room."  ''Encore'' 7 (July–Aug. 1960): 32–34.  Rpt. in ''The'' Encore ''Reader'' and ''New Theatre Voices'' 129–32.  Print.

[[Per Wästberg|Wästberg, Per]].  [http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/2005/presentation-speech.html "The Nobel Prize in Literature 2005: Presentation Speech"].  ''Nobelprize.org''. [[The Nobel Foundation]] and [[Swedish Academy|The Swedish Academy]], 10 December 2005. [[World Wide Web|Web]],  2 Oct. 2007.  (Full text; links to [[video clip]]s of the Nobel Ceremony provided online.)

[[Samuel West|West, Samuel]].  [http://books.guardian.co.uk/review/story/0,,2035008,00.html "Fathers and Sons"].  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]''. [[Guardian Media Group]], 17 Mar. 2007. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.  ["How does it feel to act in a Pinter play for radio alongside the man himself? Samuel West reveals all."]

''Wilfred Owen Association Newsletter'' 4 Aug. 2004. Print.

[[Henry Woolf|Woolf, Henry]].  [http://arts.guardian.co.uk/theatre/drama/story/0,,2124351,00.html "My 60 Years in Harold's Gang"].  ''[[Guardian.co.uk]]''. [[Guardian Media Group]], 12 July 2007. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  11 Oct. 2007.
{{refend}}

==Multimedia resources==
{{See also|#Interviews|#Obituaries and related articles}}
{{refbegin|indent=yes|2}}
[[Ben Brantley|Brantley, Ben]].  "A Master of Menace" (audio file).  Hyperlinked in "Multimedia".  In [http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/p/harold_pinter/index.html "Harold Pinter"].  ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]'', Times Topics.  [[The New York Times Company|New York Times Company]], 13 Oct. 2005.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].   9 Oct. 2007.

BWW News Desk.  [http://broadwayworld.com/article/Photo_Flash_NO_MANS_LAND_at_the_Duke_of_York_20000101 "Photo Flash: No Man's Land at the Duke of York....Photos by Jeremy Whelehan"].  ''BroadwayWorld.com''.  Broadway World, 10 Nov. 2008. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  26 Dec. 2008.

''[http://www.channel4.com/more4/drama/c/celebration.html Celebration]'' (2000).  ''[[More 4]]''.  [[Channel Four]], London.  [[Television]].  Channel 4, 26 Feb. 2007.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  6 Jan. 2009.  (Includes [[video clips]] of filmed stage prod.; first broadcast Feb. 2007.)

''[http://www.illuminationsmedia.co.uk/filmstobuy/category/6/product/6/harold_pinter_art,_truth__politics.html Harold Pinter: Art, Truth & Politics]'': The Nobel Prize Lecture.  © Copyright 2006 Illuminations. All Rights Reserved.  Transmission Channel 4, 2005. [[Digital Video Disc|DVD]].  46 mins. ([[Digital Video Disc|DVD]] and [[VHS]] video recordings.  Catalogue listing.)  2 Oct. 2007.  [Features preview [[video clip]].]

[http://www.nytimes.com/slideshow/2005/10/13/theater/20051013_PINTER_SLIDESHOW_1.html "Harold Pinter Slideshow"].  [http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/p/harold_pinter/index.html "Harold Pinter"]. ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]'', Times Topics.  [[The New York Times Company|New York Times Company]], 13 Oct. 2005.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  9 Oct. 2007.  [Hyperlinked in "Multimedia".]

[http://www.nt-online.org/hothouse "The Hothouse"]. By [[Harold Pinter]].  Dir. [[Ian Rickson]].  Lyttelton Theatre, [[Royal National Theatre]], London, 11 July – 27 Oct. 2007.  National Theatre Online (Royal National Theatre), n.d.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  6 Jan. 2009.  [Features NT [[Video|Video clip]] of stage prod.]

[[Bob Mondello|Mondello, Bob]], and [[Robert Siegel]]. [http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=98711455 "Remembrances: An Appreciation of Harold Pinter"].  ''[[All Things Considered]]''.  [[National Public Radio]].  25 Dec. 2008.  25 Dec. 2008.  [Hyperlinked audio clip; 3 mins., 42 secs.]

[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/7799718.stm "Playwright Harold Pinter Dies"].  ''[[BBC News]]''.  [[BBC]], 25 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  25 Dec. 2008.  [Features photographs and video.]  (See selection of [[Bibliography for Harold Pinter#Obituaries|Obituaries]] below.)

[http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00hkfbp ''Moonlight'' and ''Voices''].  ''Harold Pinter Double Bill''.  ''[[BBC Radio 3]] Drama Programmes — Drama on 3''. [[BBC]], 15 Feb. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  15 Feb. 2009.  [First broadcast 10 Oct. 2005, as part of Pinter's 75th birthday celebration.  (See ''[[Voices (radio play)|Voices]]'', as listed above in [[#Works]]).  Re-broadcast 15 Feb. 2009, as part of ''Harold Pinter Tribute''.  ([[Streaming audio]] accessible for 7 days after broadcasts).]

[http://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2002/10_october/03/pinter_release.shtml "Press Releases & Press Packs"] for ''[http://www.bbc.co.uk/pinter Pinter at the BBC]''. [[BBC]] Press Office, 3 Oct. 2002.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

[[Charlie Rose|Rose, Charlie]].  [http://www.charlierose.com/view/interview/9889 "An Appreciation of Harold Pinter"].  ''[[The Charlie Rose Show]]''.  [[WNET]], New York, 2 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  14 Mar. 2009.  [Rebroadcast of the interview with Pinter conducted on 1 Mar. 2007, introduced as "An appreciation of English dramatist, actor and theater director Harold Pinter who died on December 24, 2008" ("In memoriam"). (52 mins., 52 secs.; buffered.)]

''[http://www.sonyclassics.com/sleuth/ Sleuth]''.  [[Sony Pictures Entertainment|Sony Pictures Classics]].  [[Sony Pictures Entertainment|Sony Pictures]], n.d.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007. [Features [[video clip]] of [[film trailer]].]

{{imdb title|title=Sleuth|id=0857265}}.  [[Internet Movie Database|IMDb.com]], (updated) 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  6 Jan. 2009.  [Features updated news and [[video clip]]s, including [[film trailer]].]

{{imdb title|title=Tamara's Return (1998)|id=0555171}}.  Episode 4 of Season 2 (204).  ''[http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0555171/dvd Dawson's Creek: The Complete Second Season]''.  [[Digital Video Disc|DVD]]. [[Sony Pictures Entertainment|Sony Pictures]], (released) 16 Dec. 2003.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.

[[Neil Tennant|Tennant, Neil]], and [[Chris Lowe]] ([[The Pet Shop Boys]]).  "Up Against It".  Song lyrics.  ''[http://www.petshopboys.co.uk/browser.aspx petshopboys.co.uk: The Official Site]''. 2 Oct. 2007.  ["Browse all lyrics alphabetically" accessible via "Lyric of the day: Read more".  Requires [[Adobe Flash Player]] 8 or above.]

[http://www.channel4.com/more4/drama/p/pinter/pinter_working.html ''Working With Pinter''].  Dir. [[Harry Burton (actor)|Harry Burton]].  First televised on ''[[More 4]]'', [[Channel 4 (UK)]], 26 Feb. 2007.  Repeated 9 Mar. 2007.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Oct. 2007.  (Program listing.  Features [[Windows Media Player]] [[video clip]].)  [Screened at [[Harold Pinter#Artist and Citizen: 50 Years of Performing Pinter|Artist and Citizen: 50 Years of Performing Pinter]], [[University of Leeds]], 12 Apr. 2007; at the [[East End]] Film Festival, at Genesis Mile End Cinema, London, 23 Apr. 2007; and at the The End of the Pier International Film Festival, [[Bognor Regis]], [[West Sussex]], 1 May 2007.]
{{refend}}

==Obituaries and related articles==
{{See also|#Interviews|#Multimedia resources}}
{{refbegin|indent=yes|2}}
[[Diane Abbott|Abbott, Diane]].  [http://www.dianeabbott.org.uk/news/press/news.aspx?p=102369 "Diane Abbott Calls for Pinter Cinema"].  ''DianeAbbott.org.uk''.  Diane Abbott Labour MP for [[Hackney North and Stoke Newington (UK Parliament constituency)|Hackney North and Stoke Newington]] (site funded from the Parliamentary Members Communications Allowance), 16 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  28 Jan. 2009.  Press release.

Adams, Stephen.  [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/4045997/Harold-Pinter-directs-his-own-funeral.html "Harold Pinter Directs His Own Funeral"].  ''[[The Daily Telegraph|Telegraph]]''.  Telegraph Media Group, 31 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  6 Jan. 2009. ["His plays were masterpieces of artistic control.  And even at his own funeral Harold Pinter made sure he exerted a director's influence."]

[[Geoffrey Alderman|Alderman, Geoffrey]]. [http://www.currentviewpoint.com/cgibin/news.cgi?id=11&command=shownews&newsid=1075 "Editorial: Harold Pinter -  A Jewish View"].  ''Current Viewpoint''.  Current viewpoint.com, 27 Mar. 2009. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  25 Apr. 2009.

Andrews, Jamie.  [http://britishlibrary.typepad.co.uk/pinter_archive_blog/2009/01/tender-the-dead-as-you-yourself-would-be-tendered.html "&nbsp;'Tender the dead, as you yourself would be tendered...'&nbsp;"]. ''Harold Pinter Archive Blog: British Library Curators on Cataloguing the Pinter Archive''.  [[British Library]], 6 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  6 Jan. 2009.

Baker, Terry. "Harold Pinter and the Sports Field."  ''The Clove's Lines: The Newsletter of The Clove Club: The Old Boys of [[Hackney Downs School]]'' 3.2 (Mar. 2009): 10.  Print.

[[Michael Billington (critic)|Billington, Michael]]. [http://www.guardian.co.uk/culture/2009/jan/01/pinter-theatre "Goodnight, Sweet Prince: Shakespearean Farewell to Pinter"].  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]''.  [[Guardian Media Group]], 1 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  1 Jan.  2009.

–––.  [http://www.guardian.co.uk/culture/2008/dec/25/pinter-theatre "Harold Pinter"].  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]''.  [[Guardian Media Group]], 25 Dec. 2008. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  25 Dec. 2008.

[[British Library]].  [http://britishlibrary.typepad.co.uk/pinter_archive_blog/2008/12/harold-pinter-19302008.html "Harold Pinter (1930–2008)"].  ''Harold Pinter Archive Blog: British Library Curators on Cataloguing the Pinter Archive''.  [[British Library]], 29 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Jan. 2009.

Brooks, Melvyn.  "A Memory of Harold Pinter."  ''The Clove's Lines: The Newsletter of The Clove Club: The Old Boys of [[Hackney Downs School]]'' 3.2 (Mar. 2009): 14.  Print.

Cavendish, Dominic.  [http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/dominccavendish/blog/2008/12/26/harold_pinter__how_the_theatre_world_saw_him "Harold Pinter: How the Theatre World Saw Him"].  ''[[The Daily Telegraph|Telegraph]]'', Blogs.  Telegraph Media Group, 26 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  5 May 2009.  (Reprints an article that Cavendish "compiled for the Telegraph shortly after Pinter turned 70 – back in Ocober 2000 – on the eve of the 40th anniversary reval of 'The Caretaker', the play which catapulted him to fame and fortune."]

[[Nick Cohen|Cohen, Nick]].  [http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2008/dec/28/comment-pinter-theatre "Pinter Was Powerful and Passionate, But Often Misguided"].  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Observer]]'', "Comment is Free".  [[Guardian Media Group]], 28 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  23 Mar. 2009.

[[Michael Coveney|Coveney, Michael]].  [http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/theatre-dance/reviews/harold-pinter-a-celebration-national-theatre-london-1700071.html "Harold Pinter: A Celebration, National Theatre, London: Some Pauses to Remember"]. ''[[The Independent|Independent]]''.  [[Independent News and Media]], 9 June 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  9 June 2009.

Daily Mail Reporter.  [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1101502/BREAKING-NEWS-Nobel-Prize-winning-playwright-Harold-Pinter-dies-aged-78.html "Breaking News: Nobel Prize-winning Playwright Harold Pinter Dies Aged 78"]. ''[[The Daily Mail|Daily Mail]]''.  [[Associated Newspapers Ltd]], 25 Dec. 2008. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  25 Dec. 2008.  [Updated on 26 Dec. 2008 by Greenhill.]

Dodds, Paisley ([[Associated Press]]). [http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=6527704 "Nobel-winning Playwright Harold Pinter Dies at 78"].  ''[[ABC News]]''.  [[American Broadcasting Company]], 25 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  14 Mar. 2009.

[[Ariel Dorfman|Dorfman, Ariel]].  [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/12/26/AR2008122601359.html "The World That Harold Pinter Unlocked"].  ''[[The Washington Post|Washington Post]]''.  Washington Post, 27 Dec. 2008, A15.  Print.  [[The Washington Post Company]], 27 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  9 Jan. 2009.

–––.  [http://www.newstatesman.com/theatre/2009/01/harold-pinter-world-life-free "&nbsp;'You want to free the world from oppression?'&nbsp;"].  ''[[The New Statesman|New Statesman]]'', Jan. 2009.  New Statesman, 8 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web]].  9 Jan. 2009.  ["Ariel Dorfman on the life and work of Harold Pinter (1930–2008)."]

Driscoll, Margarette. [http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/stage/article5488513.ece "Yo, Grandpa Pinter, Big Respect"].  ''[[The Times|Times Online]]''.  [[News International]] ([[News Corporation]]), 11 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  11 Jan. 2009. [Concerns the poem "Grandpa", © Simon Soros 2008, listed below.]

Eden, Richard.  [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/mandrake/4092762/Harold-Pinter-faces-opposition-to-memorial-in-Poets-Corner.html "Harold Pinter Faces Opposition to Memorial in Poet's Corner"].  ''[[The Daily Telegraph|Telegraph]]''.  Telegraph Media Group, 3 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  3 Jan. 2009.

Edgar, David.  [http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2008/dec/29/harold-pinter-politics "Pinter's Weasels"].  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]'', "Comment is Free".  [[Guardian Media Group]], 29 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  23 Mar. 2009.  ["The idea that he was a dissenting figure only in later life ignores the politics of his early work."]

[http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2008/dec/27/harold-pinter-tribute-plays-politics "Editorial: Harold Pinter: Breaking the Rules"].  ''[[Guardian.co.uk|Guardian]]''.  [[Guardian Media Group]], 27 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  7 Mar. 2009. ["Pinter broke the rules in art and in life."]

Edwardes, Jane.  [http://www.timeout.com/london/theatre/features/6523/Time_Out-s_tribute_to_Harold_Pinter.html "Time Out's Tribute to Harold Pinter"].  ''[[Time Out|Time Out London]]'', Theatre.  Time Out Group Ltd., 31 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  10 May 2009.

Fenton, Anna, and Lucy Jackson.  [http://www.journal-online.co.uk/article/5257-harold-pinter-a-look-back "Harold Pinter: A Look Back"].  ''[[The Journal (student newspaper)|Journal]]''.  The Edinburgh Journal Limited, 11 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  12 Jan. 2009.

[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/arts_and_culture/7805812.stm "Friends Bid Pinter Farewell"]. ''[[BBC News]]''.  [[BBC]], 1 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  1 Jan. 2009.

Greenhill, Sam.  [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1101502/Theatreland-mourning-Nobel-Prize-winning-playwright-Harold-Pinter-dies-aged-78.html "Theatreland in Mourning As Nobel Prize-winning Playwright Harold Pinter Dies Aged 78"]. ''[[The Daily Mail|Daily Mail]]''.  [[Associated Newspapers Ltd]], 25 Dec. 2008. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  25 Dec. 2008.

[[Mel Gussow|Gussow, Mel]], and [[Ben Brantley]].[http://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/26/theater/26pinter.html?_r=1&hp "Harold Pinter, Playwright of the Pause, Dies at 78"].  ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]''.  [[The New York Times Company|New York Times Company]], 25 Dec. 2008, Theater. [[World Wide Web|Web]].  26 Dec. 2008. [Web version of article listed below.]

–––.  "Harold Pinter, Whose Silences Redefined Drama, Dies at 78."  ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]'' 26 Dec. 2008, national ed., sec. A: 1, A22–23.  Print. [Cites "Online: A Pinter Appraisal: An audio evaluation by Ben Brantley, reviews of Mr. Pinter's plays and more".  Print version of article listed above.]

[http://www.economist.com/obituary/PrinterFriendly.cfm?story_id=12847331 "Harold Pinter"].  ''[[The Economist|Economist]]'', People: Obituary.  [[The Economist Group]], 30 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  15 Jan. 2009. ["Harold Pinter, playwright and polemicist, died on December 24, aged 78."]

[http://www.englishpen.org/news/_1656/ "Harold Pinter Mourned by PEN"].  ''English PEN'', News.  English Centre of [[International PEN]], 25 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  11 Jan. 2009.  [Includes an introductory tribute written by [[Jonathan Heawood]] and a selection of messages received from around the world.]

[https://www.nationaltheatre.org.uk/43844/theatre-news/harold-pinter-1930-2008.html "Harold Pinter 1930 – 2008"].  ''[[Royal National Theatre|National Theatre]]'', Theatre News.  National Theatre, 29 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  5 May 2009.

[http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/the_tls/article5412486.ece "Harold Pinter 1930–2008: Great Playwright, Nobel Laureate – and TLS Cricketer"].  ''[[The Times Literary Supplement|Times Literary Supplement]]''.  [[News International]] ([[News Corporation]]), 29 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  9 Jan. 2009.

[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/culturenews/3949591/Harold-Pinter-one-of-the-most-influential-British-playwrights-of-modern-times.html "Harold Pinter: One of the Most Influential British Playwrights of Modern Times"].  ''[[The Daily Telegraph|Telegraph]]'', Telegraph Media Group, 26 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  5 May 2009.

[http://www.granta.com/Online-Only/Harold-Pinter-tribute "Harold Pinter Tribute"].  ''[[Granta]]''.  [[Granta]], 25 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  2 Jan. 2009.

[http://www.gold.ac.uk/pinter-centre/inmemoriamharoldpinter/ "In Memoriam: Harold Pinter"].  The Pinter Centre for the Study of Performance and Creative Writing, [[Goldsmiths, University of London]].  Goldsmiths College, University of London, 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  23 Apr. 2009.

[[Howard Jacobson|Jacobson, Howard]].  [http://www.independent.co.uk/opinion/commentators/howard-jacobson/howard-jacobson-harold-pinter-didnt-get-my-joke-and-i-didnt-get-him-ndash-until-it-was-too-late-1297593.html "Opinion: Howard Jacobson: Harold Pinter Didn't Get My Joke, and I Didn't Get Him – Until It Was Too Late"]. ''[[The Independent|Independent]]''.  [[Independent News and Media]], 10 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  27 Apr. 2009.

Jamieson, Alastair.  [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/culturenews/3949147/Nobel-Laureate-playwright-Harold-Pinter-dies.html "Nobel Laureate Playwright Harold Pinter Dies"].  ''[[The Daily Telegraph|Telegraph]]''.  Telegraph Media Group, 26 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  5 May 2009.  ["Harold Pinter, the Nobel Prize-winning playwright and political activist, has died of [[liver cancer]] aged 78."  (Includes links to several other related articles.)]

Kamm, Oliver.  [http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article5398006.ece "Harold Pinter: An Impassioned Artist Who Lost Direction on the Political Stage"].  ''[[The Times|Times]]''.  [[News International]] ([[News Corporation]]), 26 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  23 Mar. 2009.

Lafferty, Julia.  [http://www.hackneygazette.co.uk/content/hackney/gazette/postbag/story.aspx?brand=HKYGOnline&category=postbag&tBrand=northlondon24&tCategory=postbaghkyg&itemid=WeED07%20Jan%202009%2014%3A14%3A14%3A117 "Pinter – A Man of Principle"].  ''[[Archant|Hackney Gazette]]'', Letters.  [[Archant]], 7 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  28 Jan. 2009.

[[Charles Marowitz|Marowitz, Charles]].  [http://www.swans.com/library/art15/cmarow126.html "Harold Pinter: 1930 – 2008"].  ''[[Swans (magazine)|Swans]]'', Commentary.  Swans, 29 Dec. 2008 – 1 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  13 Jan. 2009.

McCallum, John.  [http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,,24994048-16947,00.html "Companies Recall Good Ghost of Pinter"]. ''[[The Australian|Australian]]''. [[News Limited]], 2 Feb. 2009. [[World Wide Web|Web]]. 14 Apr. 2009.

Miller, Lionel.  "The Lost Librarian."  ''The Clove's Lines: The Newsletter of The Clove Club: The Old Boys of Hackney Downs School'' 3.2 (Mar. 2009): 5.  Print.

Morgan, Clare.  [http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2009/01/27/1232818434020.html "Festival Joins Forces for Free Pinter Tribute"].  ''[[The Sydney Morning Herald|Sydney Morning Herald]]''.  [[Fairfax Media|Fairfax Digital]], 28 Jan.2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]], 28 Jan. 2009.

[http://www.hackneygazette.co.uk/content/hackney/gazette/news/story.aspx?brand=HKYGOnline&category=news&tBrand=northlondon24&tCategory=newshkyg&itemid=WeED26%20Jan%202009%2017%3A37%3A22%3A783 "MP Backs Pinter Tribute Campaign"].  ''[[Archant|Hackney Gazette]]'', News.  [[Archant]], 27 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  28 Jan. 2009.

[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/1805113.stm "Obituary: Harold Pinter"].  ''[[BBC News]]''. [[BBC]], 25 Dec. 2008.   [[World Wide Web|Web]].  25 Dec. 2008.

[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-1103789/Pinter-ends-double-plot.html "Pinter Ends It All with a Double Plot"].  ''[[The Daily Mail|Mail Online]]''.  [[Associated Newspapers Ltd]], 1 Jan. 2009.  [[WorldWideWeb|Web]].  4 Jan. 2009.

[[Sarah Sands|Sands, Sarah]].  [http://www.independent.co.uk/opinion/commentators/sarah-sands/sarah-sands-pinters-funeral-ndash-more-final-reckoning-than-reconciliation-1224214.html "Opinion: Sarah Sands: Pinter's Funeral – More Final Reckoning Than Reconciliation"].  ''[[The Independent|Independent]]''.  [[Independent News and Media]], 4 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  27 Apr. 2009. 

Sherwin, Adam.  [http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/stage/article5963091.ece "Portrait of Harold Pinter Playing Cricket To Be Sold at Auction"].  ''[[The Times|Times]]''.  [[News International]], 24 Mar. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  24 Mar. 2009.

Smith, Alastair. [http://www.thestage.co.uk/news/newsstory.php/22984/pinter-to-be-honoured-before-final "Pinter to be Honoured Before Final Performance of No Man's Land"].  ''[[The Stage|Stage]]'', News.  Stage Newspaper Group Ltd, 2 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  14 Mar. 2009.

Soros, Simon.  [http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/stage/article5488511.ece "Grandpa"].  ''[[The Sunday Times|Sunday Times]]''.  [[News International]] ([[News Corporation]]), 11 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  11 Jan. 2009.  (© Simon Soros 2008).  [See hyperlinked account by Driscoll listed above and ''The Pinter Review'' publication listed below.]

–––.  "Grandpa."  ''The Pinter Review: Nobel Prize/Europe Theatre Prize Volume: 2005 – 2008''.  Ed. Francis Gillen with Steven H. Gale.  Tampa: U of Tampa P, 2008.  1.  Print.

[[Peter Stothard|Stothard, Peter]].  [http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/the_tls/article5467502.ece "Harold Pinter: Exit a Master"].  ''[[The Times Literary Supplement|Times Literary Supplement]]'' (''TLS''.  [[News International]] ([[News Corporation]]), 7 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  8 Jan. 2009. [Rpt. from [[blog]] of ''TLS'' ed. Peter Stothard; first posted on 25 Dec. 2008.]

[[Barry Supple|Supple, Barry]].  "Harold Pinter – Some Memories."  ''The Clove's Lines: The Newsletter of The Clove Club: The Old Boys of [[Hackney Downs School]]'' 3.2 (Mar. 2009): 6–7.  Print. [This memorial tribute consists of "edited excerpts" from Supple's autobiography, ''Doors Open'' (Cambridge, Eng.: Asher, 2008).  {{ISBN|0956005705}} (10).  {{ISBN|9780956005700}} (13).  Print.]

Taylor, Jean (Hersh).  "Of Harold Pinter and Joseph Brearley."  ''The Clove's Lines: The Newsletter of The Clove Club: The Old Boys of [[Hackney Downs School]]'' 3.2 (Mar. 2009): 18.  Print.

Taylor-Batty, Mark, comp.  [http://www.pintersociety.org/links/inmemoriam/inmemoriam.html "In Memoriam: Harold Pinter"].  ''Harold Pinter Society Webpages''.  [[Harold Pinter and academia#The Harold Pinter Society|The Harold Pinter Society]], 1 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  1 Jan. 2009.  ["Harold Pinter - playwright, poet, actor, director, political activist - died on 24 December 2008, aged 78 ... Here are a few of the obituaries and commentaries released by the international press and online theatre community." (Contains "Key links" and a hyperlinked "Full list" periodically being updated.)]

Thomas, Edward.  "Theatre Talk with Edward Thomas: The End of the Pauses."  ''The Clove's Lines: The Newsletter of The Clove Club: The Old Boys of Hackney Downs School'' 3.2 (Mar. 2009): 9.  Print.  [Rpt. by permission of Theatre Monthly ''Encore''.]

[http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article5397295.ece "Times Obituary: Harold Pinter"]. ''[[The Times|Times]]''. [[News International]] ([[News Corporation]]), 25 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  25 Dec. 2008.

Ulaby, Neda.  [http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=98707193 "Remembrances:  Remembering Influential Playwright Harold Pinter"].  ''Day to Day''.  [[National Public Radio]], 25 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  25 Dec. 2008.  [Includes [[Media clip|audio clip]].]

[[Hilary Wainwright|Wainwright, Hilary]].  [http://www.redpepper.org.uk/In-words-and-silences "In Words and Silences]".  ''[[Red Pepper (magazine)|Red Pepper]]''.  Red Pepper magazine, Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  3 Jan. 2009.  ["Hilary Wainwright reflects on Harold Pinter and Red Pepper."]

Walker, Peter, David Smith, and Haroon Siddique. [http://www.guardian.co.uk/culture/2008/dec/26/harold-pinter-death-tributes "Harold Pinter: Tributes Pour In After Death of Dramatist Aged 78"].  ''[[Guardian.co.uk]]''.  [[Guardian Media Group]], 26 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  10 Jan. 2009.  ["Multi-award winning playwright lauded by dignitaries of theatrical and political spheres. … Tributes are being paid to the playwright Harold Pinter today from both the theatrical and political worlds after his death from [[cancer]], aged 78."]

Watkins, G. L. "Harold Pinter, CH, CBE.  10th October 1930 – 24th December 2008 (Hackney Downs School, 1942–1948, Hammond House, Prefect)," "Memorable Phrasings," and "Elsewhere in the World."  ''The Clove's Lines: The Newsletter of The Clove Club: The Old Boys of Hackney Downs School'' 3.2 (Mar. 2009): 4; 8; 11.  Print.

–––, ed.  ''The Clove's Lines: The Newsletter of The Clove Club: The Old Boys of Hackney Downs School'' 3.2 (Mar. 2009): 1–36.  Print. [This issue contains several memorial tributes to Pinter and to other departed former classmates; on Pinter, see Baker, Miller, Supple, Taylor, Thomas, Yeates, and Watkins.]

[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/7800829.stm "West End Pays Tribute to Pinter"]. ''[[BBC News]]''.  [[BBC]], 27 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  1 Jan. 2009. [Includes [[video clip]].]

Westwood, Matthew.  [http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,25197,24974099-15089,00.html "Blanchett Stars in Free Play"].  ''[[The Australian|Australian]]''.  [[News Limited]], 27 Jan. 2009.  [[World Wide Web|Web]], 28 Jan. 2009.

Winer, Linda.  [http://www.newsday.com/iphone/ny-obpint1226,0,3229292.story "Nobel Laureate Harold Pinter Dead at 78"].  ''[[Newsday]]''.  Newsday Inc., 25 Dec. 2008.  [[World Wide Web|Web]].  10 Jan. 2009.

Yeates, Binnie (Yankovitch).  [http://britishlibrary.typepad.co.uk/pinter_archive_blog/2009/04/romeo.html "Harold Pinter – Romeo – 1948"].  Rpt. in "Romeo," by Jamie Andrews.  ''Harold Pinter Archive Blog''.  [[British Library]], 20 Apr. 2009. [[World Wide Web|Web]]. 25 Apr. 2009.  Rpt. from "Harold Pinter Romeo and Juliet – 1948."  ''The Clove's Lines: The Newsletter of The Clove Club: The Old Boys of Hackney Downs School'' 3.2 (Mar. 2009): 8.  Print.  [Reproduced with permission of the author.]
{{refend}}

==See also==
*[[Characteristics of Harold Pinter's work]]
*[[Works of Harold Pinter]]

==External links==
{{Wikiquote|Harold Pinter}}
{{Main|Harold Pinter#External links}}
*''[http://www.haroldpinter.org/home/index.shtml HaroldPinter.org]'' – ''The Official Website for the International Playwright Harold Pinter'' (Home and index page).

{{Pinter}}
{{Nobel Prize in Literature Laureates 2001-2025}}
{{OlivierAward SpecialAward 1979–2000}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pinter}}
[[:Category:Bibliographies by author]]
[[:Category:Bibliographies by subject]]