Lionfish (disambiguation): Difference between revisions

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Lionfish often refers to:

genus Pterois, collectively known as the lionfish
Red Lionfish (P. volitans), a significant invasive species off the East Coast of North America and in the Caribbean

"Lionfish" may also refer to:

a number of fish species within family Scorpaenidae that are characterized by venomous, feathery fins
- Brachypterois serrulata, also known as the Pygmy Lionfish, found in the Indo-West Pacific region
- within genus Dendrochirus, collectively known as the dwarf lionfishes
  - Dendrochirus barberi, known as the Hawaiian Lionfish or Green Lionfish
  - Dendrochirus biocellatus, known as the Fu Man Chu Lionfish or Twinspot Lionfish
  - Dendrochirus brachypterus, known as the Hawaiian Lionfish
  - Dendrochirus zebra, known as the Zebra Lionfish
- within genus Ebosia:
  - Ebosia bleekeri, also known as the Cockscomb Firefish or Bleeker's Lionfish, found in the West Pacific
- Parapterois heterura, also known as the Blackfoot Lionfish, found in and around the Indian Ocean
- within genus Pterois, collectively known as the lionfish, found in the Indo-Pacific:
  - Pterois antennata, also known as the Antennata Lionfish, Ragged-finned Firefish, or Spotfin Firefish
  - Pterois miles, also known as the Common Lionfish
  - Pterois mombasae, also known as the African Lionfish or Mombasa Lionfish
  - Pterois radiata, also known as the Clearfin Lionfish, Tailbar Lionfish, or Radiata Lionfish
  - Pterois volitans, also known as the Red Lionfish, a significant invasive species off North America and in the Caribbean

USS Lionfish (SS-298), a United States Navy submarine

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+'''Lionfish''' often refers to:
-{{For|the United States Navy submarine|USS Lionfish}}
+* genus ''[[Pterois]]'', collectively known as the lionfish
+* [[Red Lionfish]] (''P. volitans''), a significant invasive species off the East Coast of North America and in the Caribbean
+"Lionfish" may also refer to:
-[[Image:MC Rotfeuerfisch.jpg|thumb|right|''Pterois antennata'' in [[Tiergarten Schönbrunn|Schönbrunn Zoo]], [[Vienna]], [[Austria]]]]
+* a number of fish species within family [[Scorpaenidae]] that are characterized by venomous, feathery fins
-[[Image:Lionfish in palau.jpg|thumb|right|Antennata Lionfish, [[Peleliu]], [[Palau]]]]
+**''[[Brachypterois serrulata]]'', also known as the Pygmy Lionfish, found in the Indo-West Pacific region
-A '''Lionfish''' is any of several species of [[venom]]ous marine [[fish]] in the [[genus|genera]] ''[[Pterois]]'', ''[[Parapterois]]'', ''[[Brachypterois]]'', ''[[Ebosia]]'' or ''[[Dendrochirus]]'', of the family [[Scorpaenidae]]. The lionfish is also known as the '''Turkey Fish''', '''[[Scorpaenidae|Scorpion or Fire Fish]]'''.<ref>[http://www.aquariacentral.com/fishinfo/marine/lionfish.htm   Mike McEwan, "A Fierce Predator: ☺When the Lionfish shows its aggressive looks, its no bluff", ''Aquaria Central'']</ref> They are notable for their extremely long and separated spines, and have a generally striped appearance, red, green, navy green, brown, orange, [[yellow]], black, maroon, or white.
+** within genus ''[[Dendrochirus]]'', collectively known as the dwarf lionfishes
+***''[[Dendrochirus barberi]]'', known as the Hawaiian Lionfish or Green Lionfish
+***''[[Dendrochirus biocellatus]]'', known as the Fu Man Chu Lionfish or Twinspot Lionfish
+***''[[Dendrochirus brachypterus]]'', known as the Hawaiian Lionfish
+***''[[Dendrochirus zebra]]'', known as the Zebra Lionfish
+**within genus ''[[Ebosia]]'':
+***''[[Ebosia bleekeri]]'', also known as the Cockscomb Firefish or Bleeker's Lionfish, found in the West Pacific
+** ''[[Parapterois]] heterura'', also known as the Blackfoot Lionfish, found in and around the Indian Ocean
+**within genus ''[[Pterois]]'', collectively known as the lionfish, found in the Indo-Pacific:
+*** ''[[Pterois antennata]]'', also known as the Antennata Lionfish, Ragged-finned Firefish, or Spotfin Firefish
+***''[[Pterois miles]]'', also known as the Common Lionfish
+***''[[Pterois mombasae]]'', also known as the African Lionfish or Mombasa Lionfish
+***''[[Pterois radiata]]'', also known as the Clearfin Lionfish, Tailbar Lionfish, or Radiata Lionfish
+***''Pterois volitans'', also known as the [[Red Lionfish]], a significant invasive species off North America and in the Caribbean
+* [[USS Lionfish (SS-298)|''USS Lionfish'' (SS-298)]], a United States Navy submarine
-==Native environment==
-The lionfish is native to the Indo-Pacific oceanic region. This range extends from western [[Australia]] and [[Malaysia]] east to [[French Polynesia]] and the [[Pitcairn Islands]]. In addition, the range extends north to southern [[Japan]] and southern [[Korea]] and south to parts of coastal Australia.<ref>[http://www.flmnh.ufl.edu/fish/Gallery/Descript/RedLionfish/RLionfish.html]</ref> The lionfish has been discovered on the shores of [[Jamaica]] ([[West Indies|W.I.]]), [[Panama]], [[Dominican Republic]] and [[Cuba]].
+== See also==
-Although the lionfish is not native to all regions in the world, these fish continue to spread throughout many parts of the world, and recently found in the B.V.I.s.<ref>[http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=111695369]</ref> Due to a recent introduction, the lionfish has been spotted in the warmer coral regions of the eastern [[Atlantic Ocean]] around the [[Azores]], extending into the [[Mediterranean Sea]], and in the [[Caribbean Sea]] ([[Cozumel]], Jamaica, Bermuda, the [[Dominican Republic]], [[Belize]], [[Roatan]], [[Puerto Rico]], [[Cuba]], [[The Cayman Islands]], [[Colombia]] and [[Venezuela]]) and in the [[Red Sea]] .<ref>{{cite journal |author=Whitfield, P; Gardner, T; Vives, SP; Gilligan, MR; Courtney Jr, WR; Ray, GC; Hare, JA |title=The Introduction and Dispersal of the Indo-Pacific Lionfish (Pterois volitans) Along the Atlantic Coast of North America |journal=In: SF Norton (ed).  Diving for Scienceyea right...2003. |volume=Proceedings of the American Academy of Underwater Sciences |issue=22nd Annual Scientific Diving Symposium |year=2003 |url=http://archive.rubicon-foundation.org/4766 |accessdate=2008-Go to www.freewebs.com/zevbans for more info}}</ref> It has been speculated that this introduction may well have been caused when [[Hurricane Andrew]] destroyed an [[aquarium]] in southern [[Florida]].<ref>{{cite web| url=http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/stories/lionfish/lion02_invade.html| title=Lionfish devastate Florida's native shoals |publisher=''[[The Times]]''| date=October 20, 2008| accessdate=2009-07-12}}; {{cite news| url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/environment/article4974396.ece| title=Lionfish Invade U.S. Waters| publisher=[[NOAA]]| date=March 25, 2008| accessdate=2009-07-12 | location=London | first=Jacqui | last=Goddard}}</ref>  However, a more recent report <ref>{{cite web| url=http://news.sciencemag.org/scienceinsider/2010/04/mystery-of-the-lionfish-dont-bla.html| title=Mystery of the Lionfish: Don't Blame Hurricane Andrew |publisher=''[[Science (Journal)]]''|date=April 29, 2010}}</ref> states [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]] ecologist James Morris Jr. has discovered that a lionfish was caught off [[Dania Beach, Florida|Dania, FL]] prior to Hurricane Andrew, as long ago as 1985. Morris indicated that the "most likely vector" was release of fish and/or eggs into the wild by people in the aquarium trade.  [[DNA]] from captured lionfish in this region shows they all originated from the same six or seven fish.<ref>[http://a-z-animals.com/animals/lionfish/ A-Z animals]</ref>
+* [[Firefish]]
-''Pterois volitans'' lionfish has been found in waters near Long Island, New York, where as a 'tropical fish' it was not expected to be able to survive.
+* [[Turkeyfish]]
+{{disambig}}
-Treatment of invasive lionfish in the Caribbean varies - in Cozumel they are frequently captured alive to collect a bounty that has been placed upon them, while in Roatan they are frequently killed on sight by local divemasters, with as many as five to twenty killed during a single 1-hour dive.
-==Size==
-There are many types of lionfish that vary in size. The [[common lionfish]], or devil firefish, generally reaches a size of 30&nbsp;cm to 35&nbsp;cm (12&nbsp;inches), while smaller lionfish, like the fuzzy dwarf lionfish, ''[[Dendrochirus brachypterus]]'', are typically the size of a tennis ball, not including fins.  In the Caribbean, where lionfish are not indigenous, they grow to up to 55&nbsp;cm.
-==Warnings==
-[[NOAA]] encourages everyone (divers and fishers) to be extremely cautious and avoid contact with the venomous spines of the lionfish. Usually, lionfish are not aggressive toward humans and will almost always keep their distance when given the opportunity, so they pose a relatively low risk. In addition, their stings are not deadly, but they are very painful.<ref>[http://www.coastalscience.noaa.gov/documents/lionfish_fish_id.pdf  "Have You Seen Me?" National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science"]</ref>
-==Venom==
-[[Image:Pterois volitans Manado-e edit.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Red lionfish]] in warning posture]]
-Lionfish have venomous dorsal spines that are used for defense.  When threatened, the fish  faces its attacker in an upside down posture which brings its spines to bear. However, a lionfish's sting is not fatal to humans. If a human is envenomed, that person will experience extreme pain, and possibly headaches,  vomiting, and breathing difficulties. A common treatment is soaking the afflicted area in hot water, as very few hospitals carry specific treatments.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Aldred B, Erickson T, Lipscomb J |title=Lionfish envenomations in an urban wilderness |journal=Wilderness Environ Med |volume=7 |issue=4 |pages=291–6 |year=1996 |month=November |pmid=11990126 |doi= |url= |accessdate= }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Taylor |first=G. |title=Toxic fish spine injury: Lessons from 11 years experience |journal=South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society Journal |volume=30 |issue=1 |year=2000 |issn=0813-1988 |oclc=16986801 |url=http://archive.rubicon-foundation.org/5828 |accessdate=2008-08-13 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Vetrano SJ, Lebowitz JB, Marcus S |title=Lionfish envenomation |journal=J Emerg Med |volume=23 |issue=4 |pages=379–82 |year=2002 |month=November |pmid=12480019 |doi= 10.1016/S0736-4679(02)00572-3|url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0736467902005723 |accessdate=2008-08-13}}</ref> However, immediate emergency medical treatment is still advised, as some people are more susceptible to the venom than others.
-==Feeding==
-Lionfish are voracious predators. They do not use their spines to capture prey; only for protection from their own predators. When hunting, they corner prey using their large fins and then use their quick reflexes to swallow the prey whole. They hunt primarily from late afternoon to dawn.  In captivity, lionfish can be trained to eat frozen [[krill]] and [[mysis]].
-==Predators==
-The lionfish have very few natural predators, but the [[grouper]] and other fish have been found with lionfish remains in their stomachs.
-==Pop culture==
-*''[[Star Trek:The Next Generation]]'' - Captain Picard has a lionfish named Livingston.
-*''[[Shark Tale]]'' - A character named Lola.
-==References==
-{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}
-==External links==
-*[http://lifeinthefastlane.com/2009/04/toxicology-conundrum-013/ Life In The Fast Lane: Toxicology Conundrum #013]
-*[http://divefilm.ru/?p=40&lang=en/ underwater video of lionfish]
-[[Category:Scorpaenidae]]
-[[Category:Invasive fish species]]
 [[ar:سمكة التنين]]