United States military aid to Israel: Difference between revisions
Content deleted Content added
→Foreign Military Sales: avoiding acronyms |
→Foreign Military Sales: This is a claim, not a fact, and not supported by anyhting on the Merkava article |
||
| (3 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown) | |||
| Line 3: | Line 3: | ||
| ⚫ | |||
The majority of [[Israel]]'s military arsenal is composed of equipment supplied via [[United States]] military aid programs. <ref name = "WPIUSIs">{{cite web |
|||
| url = http://www.worldpolicy.org/projects/arms/reports/israel.lebanon.FINAL2.pdf |
|||
| title = U.S. Military Assistance and Arms Transfers to Israel: U.S. Aid, Companies Fuel Israeli Military |
|||
| accessdate = 2006-08-13 |
|||
| last = Berrigan |
|||
| first = Frida |
|||
| coauthors = William D. Hartung |
|||
| date = [[July 20]], [[2006]] |
|||
| format = PDF |
|||
| work = Arms Trade Resource Center Reports |
|||
| publisher = [[World Policy Institute]] |
|||
}}</ref> |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
1976 and the largest total recipient since [[World War II]]. <ref name="Mark">{{cite web|title=Israel:US Foreign Assistance|author=Clyde R. Mark, Foreign Affairs Defense and Trade Division|publisher=Congressional Research Service, The Library of Congress|date=26 April 2005|accessdate=03.05.2005|url=http://209.85.129.104/search?q=cache:7xVgexnWtJ4J:www.fas.org/sgp/crs/mideast/IB85066.pdf}}</ref> |
|||
== U.S.-supplied weapon systems == |
|||
''(this is not a comprehensive listing)'' |
|||
The list below is from Appendix 1 of "U.S. Military Assistance and Arms Transfers to Israel: U.S. Aid, Companies Fuel Israeli Military." A [[World Policy Institute]] Issue Brief. By Frida Berrigan and [[William D. Hartung]]. July 20, 2006.<ref name = "WPIUSIs">{{cite web |
|||
| url = http://www.worldpolicy.org/projects/arms/reports/israel.lebanon.FINAL2.pdf |
|||
| title = U.S. Military Assistance and Arms Transfers to Israel: U.S. Aid, Companies Fuel Israeli Military |
|||
| accessdate = 2006-08-13 |
|||
| last = Berrigan |
|||
| first = Frida |
|||
| coauthors = William D. Hartung |
|||
| date = [[July 20]], [[2006]] |
|||
| format = PDF |
|||
| work = Arms Trade Resource Center Reports |
|||
| publisher = [[World Policy Institute]] |
|||
}}</ref> Appendix 1 is titled "U.S.-Supplied Weaponry in Israel’s Military Inventory". From that report: "The bulk of Israel’s current arsenal is composed of equipment supplied under U.S. [[military aid]] programs."<ref name = "WPIUSIs"/>. From another report (January 2006): "Recent U.S. Military Sales to Israel. Israel uses almost 75% of its FMF [Foreign Military Financing (direct military aid)] funds to purchase U.S. defense equipment."<ref name=congress>{{cite news|title=U.S. Foreign Aid to Israel - Report to Congress January 5, 2006|date=[[2006-01-05]]|publisher=[[Congress]]|author=[[Congress]] |url=http://www.opencrs.com/rpts/RL33222_20060105.pdf}}</ref> |
|||
'''[[Military aircraft]]:''' |
|||
:'''[[Fighter aircraft]]'''. [[A-4 Skyhawk]]. [[F-15 Eagle]]. [[F-15K#F-15I|F-15I]]. [[F-16 Fighting Falcon]]. [[F-16#F-16 C.2FD|F-16I]]. Israel has the world's largest F-16 fleet outside the [[United States Air Force]]. With the delivery of 102 F-16Is, scheduled through 2008, the [[IAF|Israeli Air Force]] will have a total F-16 inventory of 362, in addition to 89 F-15s. <ref>[http://www.lockheedmartin.com/wms/findPage.do?dsp=fec&ci=12098&rsbci=0&fti=0&ti=0&sc=400]</ref> <ref>[http://www.lockheedmartin.com/wms/findPage.do?dsp=fec&ci=13991&rsbci=0&fti=0&ti=0&sc=400]</ref> |
|||
:'''[[Transport plane]]s'''. [[C-130 Hercules]]. [[Boeing 707]] |
|||
:'''[[Attack helicopter]]s'''. [[AH-1 Cobra]]. [[AH-64 Apache]]. [[AH-64 Apache#AH-64D|AH-64D Apache]] |
|||
:'''Transport helicopters'''. [[CH-53 Sea Stallion]]. [[Bell 206]]. [[Bell 212]]. [[UH-60 Black Hawk]] |
|||
'''Land warfare systems'''. Over 700 M-60 [[Patton tank]]s. Over 6,000 [[armoured personnel carrier]]s |
|||
:'''Assault rifles'''. [[M16 rifle|M16]]. [[CAR-15]]. [[M4 carbine]] |
|||
:'''Sniper rifles'''. [[M82 Barrett rifle|M82]]. [[M24 Sniper Weapon System]]. [[SR-25]]. [[Ruger 10/22]] |
|||
:'''Machine guns'''. [[M1919 Browning machine gun]]. [[M2 Browning machine gun]] |
|||
:'''Shotguns'''. [[Remington 870]]. [[Mossberg 500|Mossberg 695]] |
|||
:'''[[Artillery]]'''. [[M109 howitzer]]. M270 Multiple Launch Rocket System]] |
|||
:'''[[Munitions]]'''. [[Precision guided bomb]]s. [[Bunker buster#Modern|Bunker buster bombs]]. [[Missile]]s ([[air-to-air]], [[surface-to-air]], [[Anti-ballistic missile|anti-ballistic]], e.g. [[MIM-104 Patriot]]) |
|||
== Foreign Military Sales == |
== Foreign Military Sales == |
||
| Line 88: | Line 43: | ||
|$6,323,182,000 |
|$6,323,182,000 |
||
|} |
|} |
||
:''Source: "Facts Book: Department of Defense, Security Assistance Agency," September 30, 2005.''<ref name = "WPIUSIs">{{cite web |
:''Source: "Facts Book: Department of Defense, Security Assistance Agency," September 30, 2005.''<ref name = "WPIUSIs">{{cite web |
||
| url = http://www.worldpolicy.org/projects/arms/reports/israel.lebanon.FINAL2.pdf |
| url = http://www.worldpolicy.org/projects/arms/reports/israel.lebanon.FINAL2.pdf |
||
| Line 101: | Line 57: | ||
}}</ref> |
}}</ref> |
||
| ⚫ | The [[World Policy Institute ]] claims that the U.S. underwrites Israel's research and development of weapons contributing significant amounts of money to Israeli defense projects such as the [[Merkava]] battle tank and the [[IAI Lavi|Lavi]] ground-attack aircraft. Israel is also permitted special access to programmes such as the [[F-35 Lightning II]] fighter development programme, although cooperation was temporarily suspended following allegations that Israel was trading military secrets with [[People's Republic of China|China]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Reports: Israel Frozen out of F-35 Development|date=[[2005-04-19]]|publisher=[[Jewish Virtual Library]]|author=[[Jewish Virtual Library]]|url=http://www.defenseindustrydaily.com/2005/04/reports-israel-frozen-out-of-f35-development/index.php}}</ref> |
||
Israel deals directly with U.S. companies for the vast majority of its military purchases from the United States. U.S. antiboycott regulations make it illegal for American citizens and companies to participate in foreign boycotts that the United States does not sanction.<ref>{{cite news|title=Antiboycott Regulations|date=[[2006-08-06]]|publisher=[[Jewish Virtual Library]]|author=[[Jewish Virtual Library]]|url=http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/US-Israel/antiboy.html}}</ref> Other states have a US$100,000 minimum purchase amount per defense contract, while Israel is allowed to purchase military items for less than US$100,000 as required. <ref name="Mark"/> |
|||
| ⚫ | The U.S. underwrites Israel's research and development of weapons contributing significant amounts of money to Israeli defense projects such as the [[Merkava]] battle tank and the [[IAI Lavi|Lavi]] ground-attack aircraft. Israel is also permitted special access to programmes such as the [[F-35 Lightning II]] fighter development programme, although cooperation was temporarily suspended following allegations that Israel was trading military secrets with [[People's Republic of China|China]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Reports: Israel Frozen out of F-35 Development|date=[[2005-04-19]]|publisher=[[Jewish Virtual Library]]|author=[[Jewish Virtual Library]]|url=http://www.defenseindustrydaily.com/2005/04/reports-israel-frozen-out-of-f35-development/index.php}}</ref> |
||
== Foreign Military Financing == |
== Foreign Military Financing == |
||
Revision as of 04:24, 4 May 2007
 | It has been suggested that this article be merged into United States military aid. (Discuss) Proposed since April 2007. |
| It has been suggested that this article be merged into Israel-United States military relations. (Discuss) Proposed since April 2007. |
The United States have supplied Israel with a variety of weapon systems.
Foreign Military Sales
Note: This is not a comprehensive listing of U.S. military sales to Israel.
| Year | Foreign military sales | Direct commercial sales | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2001 | $766,026,000 | $4,019,000 | $770,045,000 |
| 2002 | $629,426,000 | $1,427,000 | $630,853,000 |
| 2003 | $845,952,000 | $16,455,000 | $862,407,000 |
| 2004 | $878,189,000 | $418,883,000 | $1,297,072,000 |
| 2005 | $1,652,582,000 | $1,110,223,000 | $2,762,805,000 |
| 2001 - 2005 | $4,772,175,000 | $1,551,007,000 | $6,323,182,000 |
- Source: "Facts Book: Department of Defense, Security Assistance Agency," September 30, 2005.[1]
The World Policy Institute claims that the U.S. underwrites Israel's research and development of weapons contributing significant amounts of money to Israeli defense projects such as the Merkava battle tank and the Lavi ground-attack aircraft. Israel is also permitted special access to programmes such as the F-35 Lightning II fighter development programme, although cooperation was temporarily suspended following allegations that Israel was trading military secrets with China.[2]
Foreign Military Financing
Note: This is not a comprehensive listing of US ESF and military aid to Israel.
| Year | FMF | ESF | Supplementals | NADR-ATA | TOTAL |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2001 | $1,975,644,000 | $838,000,000 | $2,813,644,000 | ||
| 2002 | $2,040,000,000 | $720,000,000 | $28,000,000 | $2,788,000,000 | |
| 2003 | $2,086,350,000 | $596,100,000 | $1,000,000,000 | $3,682,450,000 | |
| 2004 | $2,147,256,000 | $477,168,000 | $2,624,424,000 | ||
| 2005 | $2,202,240,000 | $357,120,000 | $50,000,000 | $210,000 | $2,609,570,000 |
| 2006 (estimated) | $2,257,200,000 | $273,600,000 | $526,000 | $2,531,326,000 | |
| 2007 (requested) | $2,340,000,000 | $120,000,000 | $320,000 | $2,460,320,000 | |
| Total 2001-2007 | $15,048,690,000 | $3,381,988,000 | $1,050,000,000 | $29,056,000 | $19,509,734,000 |
- FMF - Foreign Military Financing (direct military aid)
- ESF - Economic Support Fund (open-ended monetary assistance that can be used to offset military spending and arms purchases
- Supplementals are special one-time grants meant as a complement to already allocated aid
- NADR-ATA - Nonproliferation, Anti-Terrorism, Demining & Related Programs
- Source: "Congressional Budget Justification for Foreign Operations," Fiscal Years 2001-2007.[1]
Israel is the largest recipient of U.S. Foreign Military Financing (FMF) in all respects. Israel has received more American financial aid, loan assistance and FMF than any other nationstate in history since its creation in 1948.[3] Over the past decade, the United States has transferred more than US $17 billion in military aid to Israel, which helped transform the Israel Defense Forces into one of the most technically advanced military forces in the world.
References
- ^ a b Berrigan, Frida (July 20, 2006). "U.S. Military Assistance and Arms Transfers to Israel: U.S. Aid, Companies Fuel Israeli Military" (PDF). Arms Trade Resource Center Reports. World Policy Institute. Retrieved 2006-08-13.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|date=(help); Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ Jewish Virtual Library (2005-04-19). "Reports: Israel Frozen out of F-35 Development". Jewish Virtual Library.
{{cite news}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ Congress (2006-01-05). "U.S. Foreign Aid to Israel - Report to Congress January 5, 2006" (PDF). Congress.
{{cite news}}: Check date values in:|date=(help)