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Melayu Kingdom (also known as Dharmasraya Kingdom or the Jambi Kingdom) was an ancient kingdom (4th–13th century CE) established around present-day Jambi on Sumatra, Indonesia. The location is approximately 200km north of Palembang and some 400km south of Singapore. In the year 1088, Melayu conquered Srivijaya and ruled it for the next 2 centuries[1]. In the year 1275 CE, the King Kertanegara of Singhasari, conquered the Melayu Kingdom. In the year 1281, Islam established at Melayu, and sent an embassy to the Mongol of Kublai Khan.

Origin

According to Yijing's Buddhist Monks Pilgrimage of Tang Dynasty (Chinese: 大唐西域求法高僧傳 - 卷2), the early Melayu (written in Chinese Ma-La-yu 末羅瑜國) was an independent kingdom. In the late 7th century, the monk Yijing recorded that the second time he returned back to Ma-La-Yu (Chinese: 末羅瑜國), it was captured by Srivijaya. Further, Melayu had accessed to gold producing areas in the hinterland of Sumatra. This slowly increased the prestige of Melayu which traded various local goods, including gold, with foreign traders.

According to The origins of the word 'Melayu', the word Melayu was inscribed (year 1286) on the Padang Rocore statue at the river mouth of Muara Jambi.

According to the the Encyclopedia of Malaysia, ancient Indian texts in Ramayana and Vayu Purana (3rd century BCE), the word Malayadvipa (literally 'Malay Island') was mentioned, refering to Sumatra.

Melayu's last prince Parameswara

In the year 1347, Gajah Mada the military leader of Majapahit installed Adityawarman as the king of Melayu to prevent the revival of Srivijaya. Adityawarman is son of Mahesa/Kebo/Lembu Anabrang and Dara Jingga and has blood relation with Hayam Wuruk [2]. Dara Jingga is a daughter of King Mauliwarmadhewa of Melayu. Mahesa/Kebo/Lembu Anabrang was a General of Singhasari, he conquered Srivijaya and Melayu in 1288. Adityawarman later conquered Tanah Datar to take control of the gold trade. Later Adityawarman founded the Minangkabau in Pagar Ruyung, his mother was placed as the first Pagar Ruyung leader, she is well-known as Bundo Kanduang in Minangkabau legend. Adityawarman's most important contribution was the spread of Buddhism [3]. According to the 14th century inscribed stone near Batusangkar[4], in the year 1374, Adityawarman appointed prince Ananggavarman as the ruler of Palembang [5]. In the year 1377, the Majapahit defeated Palembang and ended the empire of Srivijaya. The last prince of Srivijaya, Parameswara, who is a relative of Ananggavarman, together with his servants, fled to Temasik to seek refuge. In Temasik, the prince killed the local ruler and rob passing by ships to survive. (see Parameswara (sultan))

External links

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{Unreferenced|date=January 2007}}
 [[Image:MelayuKingdom001.jpg|thumb|200px|Map of ancient Melayu Kingdom.]]
-'''Melayu Kingdom''' (also known as the Jambi Kingdom) was an ancient kingdom (4th–13th century CE) established around present-day [[Jambi]] on [[Sumatra]], [[Indonesia]]. The location is approximately 200km north of [[Palembang]] and some 400km south of [[Singapore]]. In the year 1275 CE, the King [[Kertanegara]] of [[Singhasari]], conquered the Melayu Kingdom. According to records, in the year 1281, Islam established themselves at Melayu, and sent an embassy to the [[Mongol]] of [[Kublai Khan]]. In the years 1347, [[Adityavarman]], or [[Adityawarman]], king of Melayu, ruled [[Minangkabau]] for [[Majapahit]].
+'''Melayu Kingdom''' (also known as Dharmasraya Kingdom or the Jambi Kingdom) was an ancient kingdom (4th–13th century CE) established around present-day [[Jambi]] on [[Sumatra]], [[Indonesia]]. The location is approximately 200km north of [[Palembang]] and some 400km south of [[Singapore]]. In the year 1088, Melayu conquered Srivijaya and ruled it for the next 2 centuries[http://zenbulogy.com/pages/srivijaya]. In the year 1275 CE, the King [[Kertanegara]] of [[Singhasari]], conquered the Melayu Kingdom. In the year 1281, Islam established at Melayu, and sent an embassy to the [[Mongol]] of [[Kublai Khan]].
+== Origin ==
-According to written sources from [[China]], the early Melayu Kingdom was an independent kingdom. Further, Melayu had accessed to gold producing areas in the hinterland of Sumatra. This slowly increased the prestige of Melayu which traded various local goods, including gold, with foreign traders. In the late 7th century, the monk [[I Ching (monk)|Yijing]] recorded that the second time he returned back to ''Ma-La-Yu'' (Chinese: 末羅瑜國), it was captured by [[Srivijaya]].
+According to [[Yijing]]'s [http://www.buddhist-canon.com/history/T510007c.htm Buddhist Monks Pilgrimage of Tang Dynasty] (Chinese: 大唐西域求法高僧傳 - 卷2), the early Melayu (written in Chinese Ma-La-yu 末羅瑜國) was an independent kingdom. In the late 7th century, the monk [[I Ching (monk)|Yijing]] recorded that the second time he returned back to ''Ma-La-Yu'' (Chinese: 末羅瑜國), it was captured by [[Srivijaya]]. Further, Melayu had accessed to gold producing areas in the hinterland of Sumatra. This slowly increased the prestige of Melayu which traded various local goods, including gold, with foreign traders.
+According to [http://www.sabrizain.demon.co.uk/malaya/malays4.htm The origins of the word 'Melayu'], the word Melayu was inscribed (year 1286) on the Padang Rocore statue at the river mouth of Muara Jambi.
+According to the the [http://www.encyclopedia.com.my/volume4/widercontacts.html Encyclopedia of Malaysia], ancient Indian texts in Ramayana and Vayu Purana (3rd century BCE), the word Malayadvipa (literally 'Malay Island') was mentioned, refering to [[Sumatra]].
+== Melayu's last prince Parameswara ==
+In the year 1347, [[Gajah Mada]] the military leader of Majapahit installed [[Adityawarman]] as the king of Melayu to prevent the revival of Srivijaya. Adityawarman is son of Mahesa/Kebo/Lembu Anabrang and Dara Jingga and has blood relation with [[Hayam Wuruk]] [http://www.yawiki.org/proc/Adityawarman]. Dara Jingga is a daughter of King Mauliwarmadhewa of Melayu. Mahesa/Kebo/Lembu Anabrang was a General of [[Singhasari]], he conquered Srivijaya and Melayu in 1288. Adityawarman later conquered [[Tanah Datar]] to take control of the gold trade. Later Adityawarman founded the [[Minangkabau]] in [[Pagar Ruyung]], his mother was placed as the first Pagar Ruyung leader, she is well-known as Bundo Kanduang in Minangkabau legend. Adityawarman's most important contribution was the spread of [[Buddhism]][http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Sumatra]. According to the 14th century inscribed stone near Batusangkar[http://home.wanadoo.nl/zoontjes/en/sumb/sumb_tanah.htm], in the year 1374, Adityawarman appointed prince [[Ananggavarman]] as the ruler of Palembang [http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adityawarman]. In the year 1377, the Majapahit defeated Palembang and ended the empire of Srivijaya. The last prince of Srivijaya, Parameswara, who is a relative of Ananggavarman, together with his servants, fled to [[Temasik]] to seek refuge. In Temasik, the prince killed the local ruler and rob passing by ships to survive. (see [[Parameswara (sultan)]])
 ==External links==
@@ Line 21: / Line 28: @@
 [[zh:马来族]]
+[[ms:Kerajaan Melayu Jambi]]
+[[id:Kerajaan Dharmasraya]]