Huỳnh Phú Sổ

Huỳnh Phú Sổ (b.1919 – d. 1947) was the founder of the Hòa Hảo religious sect based on Buddhism.

Early years

Born in the village of Hoa Hao in 1919, So was the son of a moderately wealthy peasant. Plagued in his youth by illness, he was a mediocre student and graduated from high school only because his father’s influence. His father sent him to learn from a hermit in Nui Cam in the Seven Mountains who was both a mystic and a healer. After some training, So made his mark during a stormy night in May 1939, having returned to his village after his master’s death.<ref="f1">Fall, p.149-150</ref> While in an agitated state, So appeared to have suddenly been cured of his illnesses and started to propound his religious teachings, which was based on Buddhism, on the spot. According to observers, he spoke for several hours spontaneously “with eloquence and erudition about the sublime dogmans of Buddhism….The witnesses to this miracle, deeply impressed byt eh strange scene, became his first converts.” His simplified teachings were designed to appeal primarily to the poor and the peasants. He attempted to win supporters by cutting down on ceremonies and complex doctrines, eschewing the use of temples. He won over followers by offering free consultations and performing purported miracle cures with simple herbs and acupuncture, and preaching at street corners and canal intersections.<Ref="f1"/> He quickly built up a following in the southern Mekong Delta and was looked to by his disciples for guidance in their daily lifestyles. In a time of colonial occupation, a native religion appealed to the masses who were displaying nationalist sentiment. Unlike Gautama Buddha or Jesus, So was Vietnamese. As a result, So became a nationalist icon and became a wanted man for the French colonial authorities, having gained 100,000 followers in less than a year. He predicted that politics would be the cause of the his premature death.