Turkish ney: Difference between revisions
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Neyzenhasan (talk | contribs) Add refs, links, sizes, blow vs. play, recent players, |
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[[Image:shahney3.gif|left|Turkish Shah Ney]] The Turkish ''ney'' reed flute, together with the Turkish ''tanbur'' lute and Turkish ''kemençe'' fiddle are considered the most typical instruments of [[classical Turkish music]]. The ney also plays a primary role in the |
[[Image:shahney3.gif|left|Turkish Shah Ney]] The Turkish ''ney'' reed flute, together with the Turkish ''tanbur'' lute and Turkish ''kemençe'' fiddle are considered the most typical instruments of [[classical Turkish music]]. The ney also plays a primary role in the music of the [[Mevlevi]] Sufi rites (''semâ''). |
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A rim-blown, oblique flute made of reed, the Turkish ney has five finger-holes in front and a thumb-hole in back. Using cross-fingering, finger-hole shading, and embouchure adjustment, the journeyman player can produce any pitch |
A rim-blown, oblique flute made of reed, the Turkish ney has five finger-holes in front and a thumb-hole in back. Using cross-fingering, finger-hole shading, and embouchure adjustment, the journeyman player can produce any pitch over a two-and-a-half octave range or more. Nearly all Turkish neys have a mouthpiece made of water buffalo horn, or sometimes ivory, ebony, plastic, or similar workable material. Sizes range from the lowest, ''Davud'' (in E/mi, 95 cm long), to the highest, ''Bolahenk nısfiye'' (in d/re, 52.5 cm long). The low-pitched ''Ṣah'' (Shah) ney (in F/fa, 90 cm long) is shown at left. '''Note''': in Turkish musical circles, the "pitch" (''akord'') of a ney is not the concert pitch (''diyapazon'') of the fundamental pitch with all holes closed. Rather, the "pitch" is designated one note higher, e.g., Mansur being A/La rather than G/Sol. Note also that the lengths above are approximate. |
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One refers to a Turkish ney player using the verb ''üflemek'' (blow) although for all other instrumentalists one uses the verb ''çalmak'' (play). One might speculate that the ney's close identification with the Mevlevi Sufis might be the origin of this usage. |
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| ⚫ | The classical Turkish ney's closest relatives in other countries, the Arab ''nay'' and the Persian ''ney'', do not use a mouthpiece, but rather blow against the sharpened edge of the reed |
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| ⚫ | The classical Turkish ney's closest relatives in other countries, the Arab ''nay'' and the Persian ''ney'', do not use a mouthpiece, but rather blow against the sharpened edge of the reed. In Turkish folk music, one type of ney (''dilli'') has a fipple; the other type (''dilsiz'') is a rim-blown oblique flute, as is the Turkish classical ney. The Bulgarian ''kaval'', a folk instrument, resembles the Turkish dilsiz folk ney. The Romanian ''nai''—a panpipe, not a flute— may be related etymologically and morphologically. |
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Noted recent ney players include [[Niyazi Sayın]], [[Akagünüz Kutbay]], and Süleyman Erguner (''torun''). |
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==References== |
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* Signell, Karl. "Meetings with a remarkable man: Neyzen Akagündüz Kutbay," ''Festschrift for Robert Garfias'' (in press) |
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* Tamer, Anthony. "Construction of the Turkish Ney," ''Turkish Music Quarterly'' V/4-VI/1 (1993) |
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* Erguner, Süleyman. ''Ney metod'' Quarto, 351 pages, b/w, color illustr., 2 CDs. ISBN 975-97801-0-0 |
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== Links == |
== Links == |
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* [http://www.umbc.edu/eol/wikipedia/Shah_ney.mp3 Improvisation by Süleyman Erguner on |
* [http://www.umbc.edu/eol/wikipedia/Shah_ney.mp3 Improvisation by Süleyman Erguner on Ṣah ney (excerpt)] 00:01:58, 4.7 MB, mp3 |
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* [http://www.umbc.edu/eol/tmq/ Turkish Music Quarterly contents] |
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* [http://www.neyzen.com/english.htm NEYZEN, a useful resource (English)] |
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* [http://www.neyyapim.com/en/ NEYYAPIM, also a useful resource (English)] |
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Revision as of 21:06, 19 September 2007
The Turkish ney reed flute, together with the Turkish tanbur lute and Turkish kemençe fiddle are considered the most typical instruments of classical Turkish music. The ney also plays a primary role in the music of the Mevlevi Sufi rites (semâ).
A rim-blown, oblique flute made of reed, the Turkish ney has five finger-holes in front and a thumb-hole in back. Using cross-fingering, finger-hole shading, and embouchure adjustment, the journeyman player can produce any pitch over a two-and-a-half octave range or more. Nearly all Turkish neys have a mouthpiece made of water buffalo horn, or sometimes ivory, ebony, plastic, or similar workable material. Sizes range from the lowest, Davud (in E/mi, 95 cm long), to the highest, Bolahenk nısfiye (in d/re, 52.5 cm long). The low-pitched Ṣah (Shah) ney (in F/fa, 90 cm long) is shown at left. Note: in Turkish musical circles, the "pitch" (akord) of a ney is not the concert pitch (diyapazon) of the fundamental pitch with all holes closed. Rather, the "pitch" is designated one note higher, e.g., Mansur being A/La rather than G/Sol. Note also that the lengths above are approximate.
One refers to a Turkish ney player using the verb üflemek (blow) although for all other instrumentalists one uses the verb çalmak (play). One might speculate that the ney's close identification with the Mevlevi Sufis might be the origin of this usage.
The classical Turkish ney's closest relatives in other countries, the Arab nay and the Persian ney, do not use a mouthpiece, but rather blow against the sharpened edge of the reed. In Turkish folk music, one type of ney (dilli) has a fipple; the other type (dilsiz) is a rim-blown oblique flute, as is the Turkish classical ney. The Bulgarian kaval, a folk instrument, resembles the Turkish dilsiz folk ney. The Romanian nai—a panpipe, not a flute— may be related etymologically and morphologically.
Noted recent ney players include Niyazi Sayın, Akagünüz Kutbay, and Süleyman Erguner (torun).
References
- Signell, Karl. "Meetings with a remarkable man: Neyzen Akagündüz Kutbay," Festschrift for Robert Garfias (in press)
- Tamer, Anthony. "Construction of the Turkish Ney," Turkish Music Quarterly V/4-VI/1 (1993)
- Erguner, Süleyman. Ney metod Quarto, 351 pages, b/w, color illustr., 2 CDs. ISBN 975-97801-0-0