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{{Infobox Firearm Cartridge
there is no info here
|image=[[Image:9.3X62-30-06-8X57-6.5X55-308.JPG|300px]]
|caption= From left to right [[9.3x62mm]], [[.30-06 Springfield]], [[8x57mm IS]], [[6.5x55mm]] and .308 Winchester [[cartridge (weaponry)|cartridges]].<br>The [[7.62x51mm NATO]] is similar in appearance to the .308 Winchester.
|name=.308 Winchester
|type=Rifle
|origin={{flagcountry|United States}}
|design_date=1952
|parent=[[.300 Savage]]
|case_type=Rimless, Bottleneck
|bullet=0.308
|neck=0.343
|shoulder=0.454
|base=0.470
|rim_dia=0.473
|rim_thick=0.050
|case_length=2.015
|length=2.800
|rifling=1/12
|primer=Large Rifle
|max_pressure=62000
|max_cup=
<!-- Ballistic performance -->
|velocity=
|energy=
<!-- Ballistic data, load 1 -->
|bw1=150
|btype1=Nosler tip
|vel1=2820
|en1=2648
<!-- Ballistic data, load 2 -->
|bw2=165
|btype2= BTSP
|vel2=2700
|en2=2671
<!-- Ballistic data, load 3 -->
|bw3=168
|btype3=BTHP
|vel3=2650
|en3=2619
<!-- Ballistic data, load 4 -->
|bw4=175
|btype4=BTHP
|vel4=2600
|en4=2627
<!-- Ballistic data, load 5 -->
|bw5=180
|btype5=Nosler partition High-Energy
|vel5=2740
|en5=3000
<!-- Ballistics data source -->
|test_barrel_length=24 in
|balsrc=[http://www.federalcartridge.com/ballistics Federal Cartridge Co. ballistics page]
}}
{{Refimprove|date=May 2008}}

'''.308 Winchester''' is the commercial name of a centerfire cartridge based on the military [[7.62x51mm NATO]] round. Two years prior to the [[NATO]] adoption of the 7.62x51mm NATO T65 in 1954, [[Winchester_Repeating_Arms_Company|Winchester]] (a subsidiary of the [[Olin Corporation]]) branded the cartridge and introduced it to the commercial hunting market as the .308 Winchester. Winchester's [[Winchester Model 70|Model 70]] and Model 88 rifles were subsequently chambered for the new cartridge. Since then, the .308 Winchester has become the most popular short-action big-game hunting cartridge worldwide.<ref name="about">{{cite web | url=http://hunting.about.com/od/guns/l/aasttopriflecar.htm | author=Simpson, Layne | title=The 20th Century's Top Rifle Cartridge | accessdate=2008-06-06 | date=February 2000}}</ref> It is also commonly used for civilian targets, military [[sniper rifle|sniping]] and police sharpshooting. The relatively short case makes the .308 Winchester especially well adapted for short action rifles.

Among calibers larger than 6mm, the .308 is by far the most popular short-action big-game cartridge among hunters worldwide.{{dubious}}

==Cartridge dimensions==
The .308 Winchester has 3.64 [[litre|ml]] (56.0 [[grain (measure)|grains]]) H<sub>2</sub>O cartridge case capacity. The exterior shape of the case was designed to promote reliable case feeding and extraction in [[bolt action]] rifles and [[machine gun]]s alike, under extreme conditions.

[[Image:.308 Winchester.jpg|400px]]

'''.308 Winchester maximum C.I.P. cartridge dimensions.''' All sizes in millimeters (mm).

Americans would define the shoulder angle at alpha/2 = 20 degrees. The common [[rifling]] [[twist rate]] for this cartridge is 305 mm (1 in 12 in), 4 grooves, Ø lands = 7.62 mm, Ø grooves = 7.82 mm, land width = 4.47 mm and the [[Percussion cap| primer type]] is large rifle.

According to the official [[C.I.P.]] ([[Commission Internationale Permanente pour l'Epreuve des Armes à Feu Portatives]]) guidelines the .308 Winchester case can handle up to 415 MPa (60,190 psi) piezo pressure. In C.I.P. regulated countries every rifle cartridge combo has to be [[Proof (firearms)| proofed]] at 125% of this maximum C.I.P. pressure to certify for sale to consumers.

''The .308 Winchester and 7.62x51mm cartridges are not identical and there are minor differences in their inner case dimensions, though [[SAAMI]] does not list either cartridge as unsafe in a firearm designed for use with the other.<ref>[http://www.saami.org/Unsafe_Combinations.cfm Unsafe Arms and Ammunition Combinations] technical data sheet at SAAMI</ref>''

==The .308 Winchester as a parent case==
Several more cartridges have been developed using the .308 Winchester as a parent case, some becoming very popular for hunting, particularly in [[North America]]. These are the [[.243 Winchester]], the [[.260 Remington]] (aka 6.5-08 A-Square), the [[7mm-08 Remington]], the [[.338 Federal]], and the [[.358 Winchester]] (aka 8.8x51mm). In 1980, two rimmed cartridges based on the .308 Winchester were introduced for use in the [[Winchester Model 1894|Winchester Model 94]] XTR Angle Eject rifle; the [[.307 Winchester]] and the [[.356 Winchester]].

== References ==
{{reflist}}
* C.I.P. decisions, texts and tables ([http://www.cip-bp.org/index.php?id=tdcc-telechargement free current C.I.P. CD-ROM version download (ZIP and RAR format)])

== See also ==
* [[List of firearms]]
* [[List of rifle cartridges]]
* [[Hydrostatic shock]]
* [[Delta L problem]]

==External links==
* [http://www.6mmbr.com/308win.html .308 Winchester Cartridge Guide] by AccurateShooter.com
* [http://stoppingpower.info/index.php?title=.308 .308 Videos] by StoppingPower.Info

{{DEFAULTSORT:308 Winchester}}
[[Category:Pistol and rifle cartridges]]
[[Category:Hunting]]

[[cs:.308 Winchester]]
[[pt:.308 Winchester]]
[[ru:.308 Winchester]]
[[sv:.308 Winchester]]
[[tr:.308 Win]]
[[zh:.308 Winchester]]

Revision as of 13:30, 15 October 2008

.308 Winchester
From left to right 9.3x62mm, .30-06 Springfield, 8x57mm IS, 6.5x55mm and .308 Winchester cartridges.
The 7.62x51mm NATO is similar in appearance to the .308 Winchester.
TypeRifle
Place of origin United States
Production history
Designed1952
Specifications
Parent case.300 Savage
Case typeRimless, Bottleneck
Bullet diameter0.308 in (7.8 mm)
Neck diameter0.343 in (8.7 mm)
Shoulder diameter0.454 in (11.5 mm)
Base diameter0.470 in (11.9 mm)
Rim diameter0.473 in (12.0 mm)
Rim thickness0.050 in (1.3 mm)
Case length2.015 in (51.2 mm)
Overall length2.800 in (71.1 mm)
Rifling twist1/12
Primer typeLarge Rifle
Maximum pressure62,000 psi (430 MPa)
Ballistic performance
Bullet mass/type Velocity Energy
150 gr (10 g) Nosler tip 2,820 ft/s (860 m/s) 2,648 ft⋅lbf (3,590 J)
165 gr (11 g) BTSP 2,700 ft/s (820 m/s) 2,671 ft⋅lbf (3,621 J)
168 gr (11 g) BTHP 2,650 ft/s (810 m/s) 2,619 ft⋅lbf (3,551 J)
175 gr (11 g) BTHP 2,600 ft/s (790 m/s) 2,627 ft⋅lbf (3,562 J)
180 gr (12 g) Nosler partition High-Energy 2,740 ft/s (840 m/s) 3,000 ft⋅lbf (4,100 J)
Test barrel length: 24 in
Source(s): Federal Cartridge Co. ballistics page

.308 Winchester is the commercial name of a centerfire cartridge based on the military 7.62x51mm NATO round. Two years prior to the NATO adoption of the 7.62x51mm NATO T65 in 1954, Winchester (a subsidiary of the Olin Corporation) branded the cartridge and introduced it to the commercial hunting market as the .308 Winchester. Winchester's Model 70 and Model 88 rifles were subsequently chambered for the new cartridge. Since then, the .308 Winchester has become the most popular short-action big-game hunting cartridge worldwide.[1] It is also commonly used for civilian targets, military sniping and police sharpshooting. The relatively short case makes the .308 Winchester especially well adapted for short action rifles.

Among calibers larger than 6mm, the .308 is by far the most popular short-action big-game cartridge among hunters worldwide.[dubious – discuss]

Cartridge dimensions

The .308 Winchester has 3.64 ml (56.0 grains) H2O cartridge case capacity. The exterior shape of the case was designed to promote reliable case feeding and extraction in bolt action rifles and machine guns alike, under extreme conditions.

.308 Winchester maximum C.I.P. cartridge dimensions. All sizes in millimeters (mm).

Americans would define the shoulder angle at alpha/2 = 20 degrees. The common rifling twist rate for this cartridge is 305 mm (1 in 12 in), 4 grooves, Ø lands = 7.62 mm, Ø grooves = 7.82 mm, land width = 4.47 mm and the primer type is large rifle.

According to the official C.I.P. (Commission Internationale Permanente pour l'Epreuve des Armes à Feu Portatives) guidelines the .308 Winchester case can handle up to 415 MPa (60,190 psi) piezo pressure. In C.I.P. regulated countries every rifle cartridge combo has to be proofed at 125% of this maximum C.I.P. pressure to certify for sale to consumers.

The .308 Winchester and 7.62x51mm cartridges are not identical and there are minor differences in their inner case dimensions, though SAAMI does not list either cartridge as unsafe in a firearm designed for use with the other.[2]

The .308 Winchester as a parent case

Several more cartridges have been developed using the .308 Winchester as a parent case, some becoming very popular for hunting, particularly in North America. These are the .243 Winchester, the .260 Remington (aka 6.5-08 A-Square), the 7mm-08 Remington, the .338 Federal, and the .358 Winchester (aka 8.8x51mm). In 1980, two rimmed cartridges based on the .308 Winchester were introduced for use in the Winchester Model 94 XTR Angle Eject rifle; the .307 Winchester and the .356 Winchester.

References

  1. ^ Simpson, Layne (February 2000). "The 20th Century's Top Rifle Cartridge". Retrieved 2008-06-06.
  2. ^ Unsafe Arms and Ammunition Combinations technical data sheet at SAAMI

See also

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