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The '''Southern''', '''Kolyma''' or '''Forest Yukaghir''' language is one of only two [[Yukaghir languages]].
The '''Southern''', '''Kolyma''' or '''Forest Yukaghir''' language is one of only two [[Yukaghir languages]].


Last spoken in the forest zone near the sources of the Kolyma, divided between the [[Sakha Republic]] and the [[Magadan Oblast]] (around {{coord|65|N|153|E|}}), previously in the wider area of the upper [[Kolyma region]].
{{language-stub}}

===Phonology===
*Чч {{IPA|/ʧ/}} palatal voiceless affricate
*Җҗ {{IPA|/ʤ/}} palatal voiced affricate
*Сь сь palatal voiceless fricative, a positional variant of c' in non-initial contexts
*{{IPA|Ҕҕ /ɣ/}} uvular fricative
*Ққ /q/ uvular stop
*Зз /z/ voiced palato-alveolar fricative
*{{IPA|Ҥҥ}} /ŋ/ velar nasal
*Шш {{IPA|/ʃ/}} voiceless palato-alveolar fricative
*Ль ль palatal lateral
*Нь нь palatal nasal
*Өө mid front rounded vowel
*Әә short non-high underspecified vowel which occurs after the first foot and is either pronounced as the central mid vowel or harmonized to other vowels
*Ы ы back high unrounded vowel which occurs in loanwords

Long vowels are written as digraphs: аа, ии, оо, уу, (э)

===Sample===
;Yarqadan
Recorded by Ljudmila Zhukova from Ljubov' Demina in 1988.[http://ling.uni-konstanz.de/pages/home/nikolaeva/documentation/texts/start1.html]
{|
|-
|пэ || аан-дә-пә-гәт || йарқә || поҗольә-гәт || пойньаа-сьии-л || туде || оозии-гәлә || Йарқәдән || емей || ой || миидә || чурууҗә || қон-таа-сьии-ну-м.
|-
|mountain || under-3-PL-ABL || ice || shining-ABL || white-DEL-AN <br/>DEL=delimitative<br>AN=action nominalizer|| he.GEN || water-ACC || Yarqadan<br/> (*йарқә-д-ун lit. "ice river") || mother || stream || along || quietly || go-TR-DEL-IMPF-TR.3SG
|}
:"From the bottom of the mountains, from the whiteness of the ice our mother Yarqadan quietly carries its shining water downstream."

==References==
{{reflist}}

* Vakhtin, N. B. 1991. ''The Yukagir language in sociolinguistic perspective''. Steszew, Poland: International Institute of Ethnolinguistic and Oriental Studies.
*Krejnovich, Eruhim A., ''Jukagirskij jazyk''. Moscow / Leningrad: Nauka (1958).
*Maslova, Elena, ''A Grammar of Kolyma Yukaghir'', Mouton Grammar Library, 27 (2003).
*Maslova, Elena, ''Tundra Yukaghir'', LINCOM Europa. Languages of the World/Materials 372 (2003).

== External links==
* [http://www.stanford.edu/~emaslova/Yukaghir.htm The Yukaghir Languages]
* [http://pge.rastko.net/dirs/pge/pge05/100180/e100180.htm Northern Yukaghir text sample - Declaration of Human Rights]
*[http://www.tooyoo.l.u-tokyo.ac.jp/Russia/bibl/Yukaghir.html Bibliography]



[[Category:Languages of Russia]]
[[Category:Languages of Russia]]
[[Category:Endangered languages]]
[[Category:Endangered languages]]
[[Category:Paleosiberian languages]]
[[Category:Unclassified languages]]


[[sv:Sydjukagiriska]]
[[sv:Sydjukagiriska]]

Revision as of 18:18, 14 November 2008

Southern Yukaghir language test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator
Southern Yukaghir
Native toRussia
RegionYakutia and Magadan Oblast
Native speakers
10–50
Yukaghir
  • Southern Yukaghir
Language codes
ISO 639-2mis
ISO 639-3yux
ELPForest Yukagir

The Southern, Kolyma or Forest Yukaghir language is one of only two Yukaghir languages.

Last spoken in the forest zone near the sources of the Kolyma, divided between the Sakha Republic and the Magadan Oblast (around 65°N 153°E / 65°N 153°E / 65; 153), previously in the wider area of the upper Kolyma region.

Phonology

  • Чч /ʧ/ palatal voiceless affricate
  • Җҗ /ʤ/ palatal voiced affricate
  • Сь сь palatal voiceless fricative, a positional variant of c' in non-initial contexts
  • Ҕҕ /ɣ/ uvular fricative
  • Ққ /q/ uvular stop
  • Зз /z/ voiced palato-alveolar fricative
  • Ҥҥ /ŋ/ velar nasal
  • Шш /ʃ/ voiceless palato-alveolar fricative
  • Ль ль palatal lateral
  • Нь нь palatal nasal
  • Өө mid front rounded vowel
  • Әә short non-high underspecified vowel which occurs after the first foot and is either pronounced as the central mid vowel or harmonized to other vowels
  • Ы ы back high unrounded vowel which occurs in loanwords

Long vowels are written as digraphs: аа, ии, оо, уу, (э)

Sample

Yarqadan

Recorded by Ljudmila Zhukova from Ljubov' Demina in 1988.[1]

пэ аан-дә-пә-гәт йарқә поҗольә-гәт пойньаа-сьии-л туде оозии-гәлә Йарқәдән емей ой миидә чурууҗә қон-таа-сьии-ну-м.
mountain under-3-PL-ABL ice shining-ABL white-DEL-AN
DEL=delimitative
AN=action nominalizer		 he.GEN water-ACC Yarqadan
(*йарқә-д-ун lit. "ice river")		 mother stream along quietly go-TR-DEL-IMPF-TR.3SG
"From the bottom of the mountains, from the whiteness of the ice our mother Yarqadan quietly carries its shining water downstream."

References

  • Vakhtin, N. B. 1991. The Yukagir language in sociolinguistic perspective. Steszew, Poland: International Institute of Ethnolinguistic and Oriental Studies.
  • Krejnovich, Eruhim A., Jukagirskij jazyk. Moscow / Leningrad: Nauka (1958).
  • Maslova, Elena, A Grammar of Kolyma Yukaghir, Mouton Grammar Library, 27 (2003).
  • Maslova, Elena, Tundra Yukaghir, LINCOM Europa. Languages of the World/Materials 372 (2003).
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