Brainstem: Difference between revisions
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==Where is it?== |
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| ⚫ | The '''brain stem''' is the stalk of the [[brain]] below the [[cerebral hemisphere]]s. It is the major route for communication between the [[forebrain]] and the [[spinal cord]] and [[peripheral nervous system|peripheral nerves]]. It also controls various functions including [[respiration]], regulation of [[heart]] rhythms, and primary aspects of [[sound localization]]. |
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The term brain stem refers to a composite substructure of the brain. It includes the midbrain, the pons and the medulla oblongata. Some authors include the cerebellum and/or parts of the diencephalon. A discussion of differences in the use of this term is presented in Anthoney-94. |
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[[Image:brainlobes.png|thumb|128px|Mostly enveloped by the cerebrum and cerebellum, the visible part of brainstem is shown in black]] |
[[Image:brainlobes.png|thumb|128px|Mostly enveloped by the cerebrum and cerebellum, the visible part of brainstem is shown in black]] |
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The adult human brainstem emerges from parts of all three [[vesicle (biology)|vesicle]]s in the [[neural tube]]. |
The adult human brainstem emerges from parts of all three [[vesicle (biology)|vesicle]]s in the [[neural tube]]. |
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==Funcion== |
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| ⚫ | The '''brain stem''' is the stalk of the [[brain]] below the [[cerebral hemisphere]]s. It is the major route for communication between the [[forebrain]] and the [[spinal cord]] and [[peripheral nervous system|peripheral nerves]]. It also controls various functions including [[respiration]], regulation of [[heart]] rhythms, and primary aspects of [[sound localization]]. |
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==External Links== |
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* For Neuroanatomy of the brain stem visit [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/otheratlas/Brainstem/index.html BrainInfo] |
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{{Neuroscience-stub}} |
{{Neuroscience-stub}} |
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Revision as of 22:16, 6 November 2005
Where is it?
The term brain stem refers to a composite substructure of the brain. It includes the midbrain, the pons and the medulla oblongata. Some authors include the cerebellum and/or parts of the diencephalon. A discussion of differences in the use of this term is presented in Anthoney-94.
The lower part of the brain stem is the medulla oblongata, grossly comprising the medullary pyramids and the olivary bodies or olives. The pons is a knob above the medulla. The reticular activating system is situated in between the medulla and metencephalon, and is considered to be at the "core."
Differentiation of the brain stem from the cerebrum is complex, both anatomically and taxonomically. Some taxonomies describe the brain stem as the pons, medulla and mesencephalon while others include diencephaletic regions.
The adult human brainstem emerges from parts of all three vesicles in the neural tube.
Funcion
The brain stem is the stalk of the brain below the cerebral hemispheres. It is the major route for communication between the forebrain and the spinal cord and peripheral nerves. It also controls various functions including respiration, regulation of heart rhythms, and primary aspects of sound localization.
External Links
- For Neuroanatomy of the brain stem visit BrainInfo
 | This neuroscience article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |