Stropharia: Difference between revisions
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The genus ''Stropharia'' (sometimes known by the common name '''roundheads''') is a group of medium to large [[agarics]] with a distinct membranous annulus. The scientific name is derived from the [[Ancient Greek|Greek]] 'στροφος/strophos' meaning "belt", in reference to it. [[Spore print]] color is generally medium to dark purple-brown, except for a few species that have rusty-brown spores. There is a great deal of variation, however, since this group as presently delimited is [[polyphyletic]]. Members of the core clade of ''Stropharia'' are characterized by crystalline [[acanthocytes]] among the [[hyphae]] that make up the [[rhizoids]] at the base of the mushroom. |
The genus ''Stropharia'' (sometimes known by the common name '''roundheads''') is a group of medium to large [[agarics]] with a distinct membranous annulus. The scientific name is derived from the [[Ancient Greek|Greek]] 'στροφος/strophos' meaning "belt", in reference to it. [[Spore print]] color is generally medium to dark purple-brown, except for a few species that have rusty-brown spores. There is a great deal of variation, however, since this group as presently delimited is [[polyphyletic]]. Members of the core clade of ''Stropharia'' are characterized by crystalline [[acanthocyte (mycology)|acanthocytes]] among the [[hyphae]] that make up the [[rhizoids]] at the base of the mushroom. |
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Well-known members of this genus include the edible ''[[Stropharia rugosoannulata]]'' and the blue-green [[verdigris]] agarics (''[[Stropharia aeruginosa]]'' and allies). |
Well-known members of this genus include the edible ''[[Stropharia rugosoannulata]]'' and the blue-green [[verdigris]] agarics (''[[Stropharia aeruginosa]]'' and allies). |
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Revision as of 16:35, 19 June 2009
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The genus Stropharia (sometimes known by the common name roundheads) is a group of medium to large agarics with a distinct membranous annulus. The scientific name is derived from the Greek 'στροφος/strophos' meaning "belt", in reference to it. Spore print color is generally medium to dark purple-brown, except for a few species that have rusty-brown spores. There is a great deal of variation, however, since this group as presently delimited is polyphyletic. Members of the core clade of Stropharia are characterized by crystalline acanthocytes among the hyphae that make up the rhizoids at the base of the mushroom.
Well-known members of this genus include the edible Stropharia rugosoannulata and the blue-green verdigris agarics (Stropharia aeruginosa and allies).
Recent molecular work shows the a core group of the genus most closely related to Hypholoma and Pholiota. Other such as S. semiglobata are more distantly related. Section Stropholoma, on the basis of molecular work and its distinct micromorphology was placed in its own genus, Leratiomyces in 2008.
Stropharia are not generally regarded as good to eat and there are doubts over the edibility of several species. However S. rugosoannulata is regarded as a good edible and is often cultivated.
The psychedelic mushroom Psilocybe cubensis was formerly known as Stropharia cubensis. It bears a superficial resemblance to Stropharia with its relatively large size, well-developed annulus, and dark spores, however, it is simply a large-size example of the bluing Psilocybe and hence is not a close relative of Stropharia
