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<!-- Created with subst: of [[Template:Hurricane season single]]. -->The '''2005 Atlantic hurricane season''' officially began on [[June 1]], [[2005]], and lasted until [[November 30]], [[2005]]. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most [[tropical cyclone]]s form in the [[Atlantic basin]], although effectively the season persisted into January of 2006 due to continued storm activity. Forecasters originally called for a modestly above-average hurricane season; however, 2005 unexpectedly became the most active season on record, shattering records on repeated occasions. A record twenty-seven tropical storms formed, of which a record fifteen became hurricanes. Of these, seven strengthened into major hurricanes, a record-tying five became [[Saffir-Simpson Scale|Category 4 hurricanes]] and a record three reached Category 5 strength, the highest categorization for hurricanes. Among these Category 5 storms was [[Hurricane Wilma]], the most intense hurricane ever recorded in the Atlantic.
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{|
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|rowspan=4| '''Related articles'''
| [[2005 Atlantic hurricane season statistics]]
|-
|[[List of 2005 Atlantic hurricane season storms]]
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|[[Timeline of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season]]
|-
|}
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{{Infobox hurricane season nopic | first storm formed=[[June 8]], [[2005]] ([[List of 2005 Atlantic hurricane season storms#Tropical Storm Arlene|Arlene]])
| last storm dissipated=[[January 6]], [[2006]] ([[Tropical Storm Zeta (2005)|Zeta]]) (record)
| strongest storm=[[Hurricane Wilma|Wilma]] - 882&nbsp;mbar (26.05&nbsp;[[inHg]] - record), 185&nbsp;mph (295&nbsp;km/h)
| total storms=27&nbsp;(record)<ref name="statistics">See summaries on the [[2005 Atlantic hurricane season statistics#Individual Storms|statistics article]]</ref>
| major storms=7<ref name="statistics"/>
| total damages=&ge;$100&nbsp;billion (2005&nbsp;[[USD]]&nbsp;-&nbsp;record)<ref name="statistics"/>
| total fatalities=&ge;1,918<ref name="statistics"/>
| basin=Atlantic hurricane
| five seasons=[[2003 Atlantic hurricane season|2003]], [[2004 Atlantic hurricane season|2004]], '''2005''', [[2006 Atlantic hurricane season|2006]], [[2007 Atlantic hurricane season|2007]]
}}

The impact of the season was widespread and ruinous with record damages over $100 billion [[USD]] and at least 1,918 deaths. The season's five landfalling major hurricanes &mdash; [[Hurricane Dennis|Dennis]], [[Hurricane Emily|Emily]], [[Hurricane Katrina|Katrina]], [[Hurricane Rita|Rita]], and [[Hurricane Wilma|Wilma]] &mdash; were responsible for most of the destruction. The [[Mexican state]] of [[Quintana Roo]] and the [[U.S. state]]s of [[Florida]] and [[Louisiana]] were each struck twice by major hurricanes; [[Cuba]], [[Mississippi]], [[Texas]], and [[Tamaulipas]] were each struck once and in each case brushed by at least one more. The most catastrophic effects of the season were felt on the United States' [[Gulf of Mexico|Gulf Coast]], where a 30-foot [[storm surge]] from Hurricane Katrina caused devastating flooding that inundated [[New Orleans]] and destroyed most structures on the [[Mississippi]] coastline.

==Seasonal forecasts==
{|class="wikitable" align="right"
|+ Predictions of the number of tropical storms (TS), hurricanes (Hurr.), and major (Cat 3+) hurricanes
|-
! Source !! Date !! TS !! Hurr. !! Cat 3+
|-
| [[Colorado State University|CSU]]<ref name="csu-dec2004">{{cite web| author=William M. Gray and Philip J. Klotzbach| year=[[2004-12-03]]| title=Extended Range Forecast of Atlantic Seasonal Hurricane Activity and US Landfall Strike Probability for 2005| publisher=Colorado State University | accessdate=2006-02-15| url=http://hurricane.atmos.colostate.edu/forecasts/2004/dec2004/}}</ref> || Average&nbsp;(1950&ndash;2000) || 9.6 || 5.9 || 2.3
|-
| [[NOAA]] || Average || 6&ndash;14 || 4&ndash;8 || 1&ndash;3
|-
| CSU || [[December 3]], [[2004]] || 11 || 6 ||3
|-
| CSU || [[April 1]], [[2005]] || 13 || 7 || 3
|-
| NOAA || [[May 16]], [[2005]] || 12&ndash;15 || 7&ndash;9 || 3&ndash;5
|-
| CSU || [[May 31]], [[2005]] || 15 || 8 || 4
|-
| NOAA || [[August 2]], [[2005]] || 18&ndash;21 || 9&ndash;11 || 5&ndash;7
|-
| CSU || [[August 5]], [[2005]] || 20 || 10 || 6
|-
|colspan=2|'''Actual level of activity''' || 27 || 15 || 7
|}
Forecasts of hurricane activity are issued before each hurricane season by noted hurricane expert Dr. [[William M. Gray]] and his associates at [[Colorado State University]] (CSU), and separately by forecasters with the U.S. Government's [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] (NOAA). Prior to and during the 2005 season, Dr. Gray issued four forecasts, each time increasing the predicted level of activity. The NOAA issued two forecasts, one shortly before the season and one two months into the season, drastically increasing the predicted level of activity in the second release. Nonetheless, all forecasts fell far short of the actual activity of the season.

===Pre-season forecasts===
On [[December 3]], [[2004]], Dr. Gray's team issued its first extended-range forecast for the 2005 season, predicting a slightly above-average season. Additionally, the team predicted a greatly increased chance of a major hurricane striking the [[East Coast of the United States]] and the [[Florida]] peninsula. Though the forecast predicted above-normal activity, the level predicted was less than in the [[2004 Atlantic hurricane season|2004 season]]. <ref name="csu-dec2004"/> On [[April 1]], [[2005]], after confirming that [[ENSO|El Niño]] conditions would not develop, Dr. Gray and his team revised the December forecast upward, expecting thirteen tropical storms instead of eleven and seven hurricanes instead of six. In addition, the chance of a storm impacting the United States was raised slightly. <ref>{{cite web| author=William M. Gray and Philip J. Klotzbach| year=[[2005-04-01]]| title=Extended Range Forecast of Atlantic Seasonal Hurricane Activity and US Landfall Strike Probability for 2005| publisher=Colorado State University | accessdate=2006-02-15| url=http://hurricane.atmos.colostate.edu/forecasts/2005/april2005/}}</ref>

On [[May 16]], [[2005]], fifteen days before the season began, the NOAA issued its outlook for the 2005 season, forecasting a 70% chance of above-normal activity. The [[Accumulated Cyclone Energy]] (ACE) value for the season was predicted to be 120&ndash;190 percent of the median. <ref name="NOAAPress">{{cite web| author="NOAA News"| year=[[2005-08-02]]| title=NOAA Raises the 2005 Atlantic Hurricane Season Outlook| publisher=NOAA| accessdate=2006-02-15| url=http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories2005/s2484.htm}}</ref> Shortly thereafter, on [[May 31]], the day before the season officially began, Dr. Gray's team revised its April forecast upwards. <ref>{{cite web| author=William M. Gray and Philip J. Klotzbach| year=[[2005-05-31]]| title=Extended Range Forecast of Atlantic Seasonal Hurricane Activity and US Landfall Strike Probability for 2005| publisher=Colorado State University | accessdate=2006-02-15| url=http://hurricane.atmos.colostate.edu/forecasts/2005/june2005/}}</ref>

===Mid-season outlook===
On [[August 2]], after an extraordinarily active early season, the NOAA released an updated outlook on the remainder of the season, significantly raising the expected level of activity to numbers about twice those of a normal season. The ACE value was now forecast to be 180 to 270 percent of the median. The NOAA also noted a higher than normal confidence in the forecast of above-normal activity. <ref name="NOAAPress"/> On [[August 5]] [[2005]], Dr. Gray and his associates followed suit, and issued their updated forecast. It was consistent with NOAA's update. <ref>{{cite web| author=William M. Gray and Philip J. Klotzbach| year=[[2005-08-05]]| title=Extended Range Forecast of Atlantic Seasonal Hurricane Activity, Individual Monthly Activity, and US Landfall Strike Probability for 2005| publisher=Colorado State University | accessdate=2006-02-15| url=http://hurricane.atmos.colostate.edu/forecasts/2005/aug2005/}}</ref> Although neither the NOAA nor Dr. Gray had ever forecast such high levels of activity, even the mid-season outlooks fell far short of the actual level of activity.

==Storms==
{{seealso|List of 2005 Atlantic hurricane season storms|Timeline of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season}}
<center>{{ToC2005Atlantichurricaneseason}}</center>

===June and July===
===June and July===
[[Image:Dennis-7-10-05-1915z.jpg|thumb|right|[[Hurricane Dennis]] near landfall on [[Florida]]]]
[[Image:Dennis-7-10-05-1915z.jpg|thumb|right|[[Hurricane Dennis]] near landfall on [[Florida]]]]
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{{anchor|Hurricane Dennis}}On [[July 5]], [[Hurricane Dennis]] formed in the eastern Caribbean; it crossed [[Grenada]] before intensifying into a Category 4 hurricane, the strongest ever recorded in July with a pressure of 930 [[mbar]] ([[hPa]]). Dennis struck [[Cuba]] at full force, then made a final landfall on the [[Florida Panhandle]]. The hurricane killed 88 people - mostly in [[Haiti]] - and caused $4-6 billion in damages in [[Cuba]] and the [[United States]].<ref name="DennisTCR">{{cite web| author=National Hurricane Center| year=2005| title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Dennis| publisher=NOAA| accessdate=2006-02-14| url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/TCR-AL042005_Dennis.pdf| format=PDF}}</ref><ref>The HPC’s [http://www.hpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/DENNIS/DENNIS_archive.shtml archive on Hurricane Dennis]</ref>
{{anchor|Hurricane Dennis}}On [[July 5]], [[Hurricane Dennis]] formed in the eastern Caribbean; it crossed [[Grenada]] before intensifying into a Category 4 hurricane, the strongest ever recorded in July with a pressure of 930 [[mbar]] ([[hPa]]). Dennis struck [[Cuba]] at full force, then made a final landfall on the [[Florida Panhandle]]. The hurricane killed 88 people - mostly in [[Haiti]] - and caused $4-6 billion in damages in [[Cuba]] and the [[United States]].<ref name="DennisTCR">{{cite web| author=National Hurricane Center| year=2005| title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Dennis| publisher=NOAA| accessdate=2006-02-14| url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/TCR-AL042005_Dennis.pdf| format=PDF}}</ref><ref>The HPC’s [http://www.hpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/DENNIS/DENNIS_archive.shtml archive on Hurricane Dennis]</ref>


{{anchor|Hurricane Emily}}Soon thereafter, [[Hurricane Emily]] formed in the Atlantic on [[July 11]]. It entered the [[Caribbean Sea]] and quickly intensified to a Category 4 storm, breaking Dennis's record for July intensity when its pressure reached 929 mbar (hPa). Emily crossed the [[Yucatan Peninsula]] at Category 4 strength before hitting [[Tamaulipas]] at Category 3 strength. Emily killed at least 14 people over the course of its path. An estimated $420 million in damages have been reported.
{{anchor|Hurricane Emily}}Soon thereafter, [[Hurricane Emily]] formed in the Atlantic on [[July 11]]. It entered the [[Caribbean Sea]] and quickly intensified to a Category 5 storm, breaking Dennis's record for July intensity when its pressure reached 929 mbar (hPa). Emily crossed the [[Yucatan Peninsula]] at Category 4 strength before hitting [[Tamaulipas]] at Category 3 strength. Emily killed at least 14 people over the course of its path. An estimated $420 million in damages have been reported.


{{anchor|Tropical Storm Franklin}}[[List of 2005 Atlantic hurricane season storms#Tropical Storm Franklin|Tropical Storm Franklin]] formed off the [[Bahamas]] on [[July 18]]. The storm moved northeast and became extratropical off the coast of [[Atlantic Canada]] without ever having threatened land.
{{anchor|Tropical Storm Franklin}}[[List of 2005 Atlantic hurricane season storms#Tropical Storm Franklin|Tropical Storm Franklin]] formed off the [[Bahamas]] on [[July 18]]. The storm moved northeast and became extratropical off the coast of [[Atlantic Canada]] without ever having threatened land.


{{anchor|Tropical Storm Gert}}[[List of 2005 Atlantic hurricane season storms#Tropical Storm Gert|Tropical Storm Gert]] followed soon after on [[July 24]]. Gert struck Veracruz near where Emily had hit a few days before; roughly 1,000 people were evacuated for fear of flooding, but no damages or deaths were reported.<ref>{{cite web| author=National Hurricane Center| year=2005| title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Gert| publisher=NOAA| accessdate=2006-02-14| url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/TCR-AL072005_Gert.pdf| format=PDF}}</ref>
{{anchor|Tropical Storm Gert}}[[List of 2005 Atlantic hurricane season storms#Tropical Storm Gert|Tropical Storm Gert]] followed soon after on [[July 24]]. Gert struck Veracruz near where Emily had hit a few days before; roughly 1,000 people were evacuated for fear of flooding, but no damages or deaths were reported.<ref>{{cite web| author=National Hurricane Center| year=2005| title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Gert| publisher=NOAA| accessdate=2006-02-14| url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/TCR-AL072005_Gert.pdf| format=PDF}}</ref>

===August===
{{anchor|Tropical Storm Harvey}}August also got off to a fast start: [[List of 2005 Atlantic hurricane season storms#Tropical Storm Harvey|Tropical Storm Harvey]] formed southwest of [[Bermuda]] on [[August 3]]. Harvey dropped some rain on Bermuda as it moved to the northeast; it became extratropical on [[August 8]] in the open [[Atlantic Ocean]].{{fact}}

{{anchor|Hurricane Irene}}The tropical depression that would become [[List of 2005 Atlantic hurricane season storms#Hurricane Irene|Hurricane Irene]] formed west of the [[Cape Verde|Cape Verde Islands]] on [[August 4]]. The system moved west and north and did not reach hurricane strength until [[August 14]], at which point it became the second [[Cape Verde-type hurricane]] of the season. Irene turned northeast and briefly reached [[Category 2]] status before weakening and becoming extratropical on [[August 18]]. It never posed a threat to land.<ref>{{cite web| author=National Hurricane Center| year=2006| title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Irene| publisher=NOAA| accessdate=2006-02-14| url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/TCR-AL092005_Irene.pdf| format=PDF}}</ref>

[[Image:Hurricane Katrina Eye viewed from Hurricane Hunter.jpg|thumb|right|Eye of [[Hurricane Katrina]] as seen from a [[Hurricane Hunters|Hurricane Hunter]] aircraft]]
{{anchor|Tropical Depression Ten}}[[List of 2005 Atlantic hurricane season storms#Tropical Depression Ten|Tropical Depression Ten]] formed east of the [[Lesser Antilles]] on [[August 13]]. The system dissipated the next day. Its remnants soon merged with another system and eventually contributed to the formation of Hurricane Katrina.<ref>{{cite web| author=National Hurricane Center| year=2006| title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Depression Ten| publisher=NOAA| accessdate=2006-02-14| url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/TCR-AL102005_Ten.pdf| format=PDF}}</ref>

{{anchor|Tropical Storm Jose}}[[List of 2005 Atlantic hurricane season storms#Tropical Storm Jose|Tropical Storm Jose]] followed, forming in the [[Bay of Campeche]] on [[August 22]]. It strengthened rapidly but quickly reached the coast and made landfall in [[Veracruz]], [[Mexico]] on [[August 23]], preventing further strengthening. Jose forced 25,000 people to evacuate their homes in Veracruz and killed 8 people in the Mexican state of [[Oaxaca]]; two more were reported missing.<ref name="JoseTCR">{{cite web| author=National Hurricane Center| year=2006| title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Jose| publisher=NOAA| accessdate=2006-02-14| url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/TCR-AL112005_Jose.pdf| format=PDF}}</ref>

{{anchor|Hurricane Katrina}}[[Hurricane Katrina]] formed in mid-August over the [[Bahamas]]. It became a tropical storm on [[August 24]] and reached hurricane intensity before making landfall in south [[Florida]] as a minimal hurricane. A few hours later the storm entered the [[Gulf of Mexico]] and intensified rapidly into a [[Category 5 hurricane]] while crossing the [[Loop Current]] on [[August 28]]. Katrina made landfall on [[August 29]] near the mouth of the [[Mississippi River]] as an extremely large Category 3 hurricane. Storm surge caused catastrophic damage along the coastlines of [[Louisiana]], [[Mississippi]], and [[Alabama]]. Levees separating [[Lake Pontchartrain]] from [[New Orleans]] were breached by the surge, ultimately flooding about 80% of the city. Wind damage was reported well inland, impeding relief efforts. Katrina is estimated to be reponsible for at least $75 billion in damages, making it the costliest recorded hurricane in US history. It was the deadliest U.S. hurricane since the [[1928 Okeechobee Hurricane]], killing at least 1,417 people.<ref name="KatrinaTCR">{{cite web| author=National Hurricane Center| year=2005| title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Katrina| publisher=NOAA| accessdate=2006-02-14| url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/TCR-AL122005_Katrina.pdf| format=PDF}}</ref><ref>The HPC's [http://www.hpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/KATRINA/KATRINA_archive.shtml archive on Hurricane Katrina]</ref>

{{anchor|Tropical Storm Lee}}[[List of 2005 Atlantic hurricane season storms#Tropical Storm Lee|Tropical Storm Lee]] formed out in the Atlantic on [[August 31]] but dissipated several days later without having threatened land.<ref>{{cite web| author=National Hurricane Center| year=2005| title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Lee| publisher=NOAA| accessdate=2006-02-14| url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/TCR-AL132005_Lee.pdf| format=PDF}}</ref>

===September===
[[Image:Hurricane_Ophelia_September_15_2005.jpg|thumb|right|[[Hurricane Ophelia]] off the coast of [[North Carolina]]]]
{{anchor|Hurricane Maria}}[[Hurricane Maria (2005)|Hurricane Maria]] led off the month of September, forming as a tropical storm well east of the [[Leeward Islands]] on [[September 2]]. Maria reached its peak as a [[Category 3 hurricane]] on [[September 5]], turning northeast and weakening before becoming extratropical on the 10th. Unusually, this extratropical storm strengthened as it moved toward [[Iceland]]; its remnants struck [[Norway]] where one person was killed in a landslide.<ref>{{cite web| author=National Hurricane Center| year=2006| title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Maria| publisher=NOAA| accessdate=2006-02-14| url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/TCR-AL142005_Maria.pdf| format=PDF}}</ref>

{{anchor|Hurricane Nate}}[[List of 2005 Atlantic hurricane season storms#Hurricane Nate|Hurricane Nate]] formed southwest of Bermuda on [[September 5]], and moved northeast as it strengthened into a strong Category 1 hurricane. Nate became extratropical on the 10th; the storm never approached land although it did interfere with Canadian naval vessels en route to the [[Gulf Coast]] to help in Katrina relief efforts.<ref>{{cite web| author=National Hurricane Center| year=2005| title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Nate| publisher=NOAA| accessdate=2006-02-14| url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/TCR-AL152005_Nate.pdf| format=PDF}}</ref>

{{anchor|Hurricane Ophelia}}[[Hurricane Ophelia (2005)|Hurricane Ophelia]] formed as a tropical depression in the [[Bahamas]] on [[September 6]] and almost immediately made landfall on [[Grand Bahama]]. It became a tropical storm off the coast of Florida before strengthening into a large Category 1 storm and raking a long stretch of the southern [[North Carolina]] coast with heavy winds and storm surge on the 12th and 13th. The hurricane's eye never made landfall and moved back out to sea before becoming extratropical on the 17th and striking [[Atlantic Canada]]. Damages were around $70 million.<ref name="OpheliaTCR">{{cite web| author=National Hurricane Center| year=2006| title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Ophelia| publisher=NOAA| accessdate=2006-02-14| url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/TCR-AL162005_Ophelia.pdf| format=PDF}}</ref>

{{anchor|Hurricane Philippe}}[[List of 2005 Atlantic hurricane season storms#Hurricane Philippe|Hurricane Philippe]] formed east of the [[Leeward Islands]] on [[September 17]]. It moved northwards, reaching [[Category 1]] intensity before weakening and finally dissipating on the 23rd. No land masses were affected. <ref>{{cite web| author=National Hurricane Center| year=2006| title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Philippe| publisher=NOAA| accessdate=2006-02-14| url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/TCR-AL172005_Philippe.pdf| format=PDF}}</ref>

[[Image:Rita2005-colorIR.GIF|thumb|left|Infrared image of [[Hurricane Rita]]]]
{{anchor|Hurricane Rita}}[[Hurricane Rita]] formed as a tropical storm over the [[Turks and Caicos Islands]] on [[September 18]]. The storm reached Category 2 intensity as it moved south of the [[Florida Keys]] on [[September 20]]. Rapid intensification ensued as Rita moved into the [[Gulf of Mexico]], and Rita became a Category 5 hurricane on the 21st, becoming the third (now fourth) most intense hurricane ever recorded in the Atlantic Basin. Rita made landfall near the [[Texas]]/[[Louisiana]] border on [[September 24]]. Major flooding was reported in [[Port Arthur, Texas|Port Arthur]] and [[Beaumont, Texas|Beaumont]], Texas, while [[Cameron Parish, Louisiana|Cameron]] and [[Calcasieu Parish, Louisiana|Calcasieu]] Parishes in Louisiana were devastated. Offshore oil platforms throughout Rita's path also suffered significant damage. Six people are confirmed dead from Rita's direct effects, and total damage from the storm is estimated at $9.4 billion. 113 indirect deaths have been reported, mostly from the mass exodus from [[Houston]] and surrounding counties.<ref>The HPC's [http://www.hpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/RITA/RITA_archive.shtml archive on Hurricane Rita]</ref>

{{anchor|Tropical Depression Nineteen}}[[List of 2005 Atlantic hurricane season storms#Tropical Depression Nineteen|Tropical Depression Nineteen]] formed west of the [[Cape Verde Islands]] on [[September 30]] but dissipated on [[October 2]] without having threatened land.<ref>{{cite web| author=National Hurricane Center| year=2006| title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Depression Nineteen| publisher=NOAA| accessdate=2006-02-14| url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/TCR-AL192005_Nineteen.pdf| format=PDF}}</ref>

===October===
[[Image:HurricaneStanOct4-1245Z.jpg|thumb|right|[[Hurricane Stan]] shortly before landfall in [[Veracruz]]]]
{{anchor|Hurricane Stan}}[[Hurricane Stan]] was the first October storm, reaching tropical storm status on [[October 2]] just before crossing the [[Yucatán Peninsula]]. In the [[Bay of Campeche]], Stan briefly reached hurricane strength before making landfall south of [[Veracruz]], [[Mexico]] on [[October 4]]. Stan was a part of a large system of rainstorms, which dropped torrential rainfall that caused catastropic flooding and mudslides over southern Mexico and [[Central America]]. Well over 1,000 deaths were caused by the flooding, of which 80-100 are attributed to Stan.<ref>{{cite web| author=National Hurricane Center| year=2006| title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Stan| publisher=NOAA| accessdate=2006-02-14| url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/TCR-AL202005_Stan.pdf| format=PDF}}</ref>

{{anchor|Tropical Storm Tammy}}[[List of 2005 Atlantic hurricane season storms#Tropical Storm Tammy|Tropical Storm Tammy]] led a brief existence before making landfall in northeastern [[Florida]] on [[October 5]]. Tammy dropped heavy rains over portions of the southeast United States before merging with a frontal system that would eventually cause the [[Northeast Flooding of October 2005]].<ref>{{cite web| author=National Hurricane Center| year=2006| title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Tammy| publisher=NOAA| accessdate=2006-02-14| url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/TCR-AL212005_Tammy.pdf| format=PDF}}</ref><ref>The HPC's [http://www.hpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/TAMMY/TAMMY_archive.shtml archive on Tropical Storm Tammy]</ref>

{{anchor|Subtropical Depression Twenty-two}}[[List of 2005 Atlantic hurricane season storms#Subtropical Depression Twenty-two|Subtropical Depression Twenty-two]] formed southeast of [[Bermuda]] on [[October 8]]. It dissipated the next day, although its remnants approached New England and contributed to the [[Northeast Flooding of October 2005]].<ref>{{cite web| author=National Hurricane Center| year=2006| title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Subtropical Depression Twenty-Two| publisher=NOAA| accessdate=2006-02-14| url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/TCR-AL222005_Twenty-two.pdf| format=PDF}}</ref>

{{anchor|Hurricane Vince}}[[Hurricane Vince (2005)|Hurricane Vince]] formed over unfavorably cold water in the east Atlantic near the [[Madeira Islands]] on [[October 8]] as a [[subtropical storm]]. It was first recorded by the NHC on [[October 9]] when it became tropical, and shortly thereafter it briefly strengthened into a hurricane. The storm made an even more unusual landfall in [[Spain]] on [[October 11]], making it the first tropical cyclone on record to impact Spain.<ref name="VinceTCR">{{cite web| author=National Hurricane Center| year=2006| title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Vince| publisher=NOAA| accessdate=2006-02-22| url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/TCR-AL232005_Vince.pdf| format=PDF}}</ref>

[[Image:CancunRadar.gif|left|thumb|Radar image of [[Hurricane Wilma]] as it slowly drifted inland over the [[Yucatán Peninsula]]]]
{{anchor|Hurricane Wilma}}[[Hurricane Wilma]] formed on [[October 17]] in the western Caribbean southwest of [[Jamaica]] and rapidly strengthened. On [[October 19]] it became the strongest Category 5 hurricane on record in the [[Atlantic basin]], with 185&nbsp;mph (295&nbsp;km/h) winds and a central pressure of 882&nbsp;[[mbar]] ([[hPa]]). The hurricane moved slowly and struck [[Quintana Roo]] on [[October 22]] as a [[Category 4 hurricane]], causing very heavy damage to [[Cancun]] and [[Cozumel]]. After emerging into the [[Gulf of Mexico]], Wilma passed north of [[Cuba]] before striking southern [[Florida]] on the 24th as a Category 3 storm, then moving into the [[Atlantic Ocean]] and becoming extratropical. Wilma is directly credited with 22 deaths; total damages are estimated at $16-20 billion, mostly in the United States, Mexico, and Cuba.<ref name="WilmaTCR">{{cite web| author=National Hurricane Center| year=2006| title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Wilma| publisher=NOAA| accessdate=2006-02-14| url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/TCR-AL242005_Wilma.pdf| format=PDF}}</ref>

{{anchor|Tropical Storm Alpha}}[[Tropical Storm Alpha (2005)|Tropical Storm Alpha]] formed in the eastern Caribbean on [[October 22]] and crossed [[Hispaniola]], causing major flooding before merging with Wilma. A total of 42 people are reported dead from the storm in [[Haiti]] and the [[Dominican Republic]].<ref>{{cite web| author=National Hurricane Center| year=2006| title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Alpha| publisher=NOAA| accessdate=2006-02-14| url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/TCR-AL252005_Alpha.pdf| format=PDF}}</ref>

{{anchor|Hurricane Beta}}[[Hurricane Beta (2005)|Hurricane Beta]] formed in the southern Caribbean on [[October 26]] and strengthened into a Category 3 hurricane before making landfall in [[Nicaragua]] on the 30th. Damage and fatalities reports have not yet been made.

===November, December, and January===
[[Image:Epsilon_ISS012-E-10097.jpg|thumb|right|[[Hurricane Epsilon]] viewed from the [[International Space Station]]]]
{{anchor|Tropical Storm Gamma}}Tropical activity declined only very slowly as the season wound down. In mid-November, [[Tropical Storm Gamma (2005)|Tropical Storm Gamma]] initially formed on the 15th in the central Caribbean, and degenerated into a tropical wave before reforming. Although the storm dissipated on [[November 20]] without having made landfall, rainfall from Gamma caused 37 deaths in [[Honduras]] and [[Belize]].<ref>{{cite web| author=National Hurricane Center| year=2005| title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Gamma| publisher=NOAA| accessdate=2006-02-14| url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/TCR-AL272005_Gamma.pdf| format=PDF}}</ref>

{{anchor|Tropical Storm Delta}}[[Tropical Storm Delta (2005)|Tropical Storm Delta]] formed in the eastern Atlantic on [[November 23]]; it approached but never attained hurricane strength. Delta became extratropical on the 28th shortly before striking the [[Canary Islands]] at full force, causing seven deaths and toppling [[El Dedo de Diós]], a famous land formation on [[Gran Canaria]].<ref>{{cite web| author=National Hurricane Center| year=2006| title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Delta| publisher=NOAA| accessdate=2006-02-15| url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/TCR-AL282005_Delta.pdf| format=PDF}}</ref>

{{anchor|Hurricane Epsilon}}[[Hurricane Epsilon (2005)|Hurricane Epsilon]] formed as a tropical storm on [[November 29]] in a hostile environment in the middle of the Atlantic. It reached hurricane strength on [[December 2]] and defied forecasting by persisting for over a week before dissipating.<ref name="EpsilonTCR">{{cite web| author=National Hurricane Center| year=2006| title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Epsilon| publisher=NOAA| accessdate=2006-02-14| url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/TCR-AL292005_Epsilon.pdf| format=PDF}}</ref>

{{anchor|Tropical Storm Zeta}}[[Tropical Storm Zeta (2005)|Tropical Storm Zeta]] became the final storm of the season when it formed on [[December 30]], tying the record of [[Hurricane Alice]] of 1954 as the latest-forming named storm in a season. Zeta dissipated on [[January 6]], [[2006]], having become the longest-lived January tropical cyclone in [[Atlantic basin]] history.
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==Deaths and damage==
[[Image:Beach front home damaged by hurricane dennis 2005.jpg|thumb|175px|left|Damage in [[Navarre Beach]], Florida from [[Hurricane Dennis]]]]
The storms of the season were extraordinarily damaging and were responsible for significant loss of life. Total damages are estimated to be over $100 billion (2005 [[US dollars]]), and at least 1,918 people have been confirmed dead.

The hardest-hit area was the [[U.S. Gulf Coast]] from eastern [[Texas]] to the [[Florida Panhandle]]. First to strike the area was Hurricane Dennis, which caused $2.23 billion in damages along the [[Florida Panhandle]].<ref name="DennisTCR"/> [[Hurricane Katrina]] caused catastrophic damage to the Gulf Coast, devastating a long stretch of coast along [[Louisiana]], [[Mississippi]], and [[Alabama]] with a 30 foot (9 m) storm surge. Wind damage was reported well inland, slowing down recovery efforts. Storm surge also breached levees in the city of [[New Orleans, Louisiana]], flooding about 80% of the city. Total damages have been estimated at $75 billion, and at least 1,417 people were killed by the storm; Katrina is the costliest hurricane in U.S. history, surpassing 1992's [[Hurricane Andrew]], and the deadliest hurricane in the U.S. since 1928.<ref>[http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/tcfaq/E12.html NOAA's Hurricane FAQ: Question E12]</ref><ref name="KatrinaTCR"/> [[Hurricane Rita]] struck near the same area, re-flooded [[New Orleans]], and caused extensive damage along the coastlines of [[Louisiana]] and [[Texas]]; total damages are estimated at $9.4 billion. Tropical Storm Arlene and Hurricane Cindy also struck the Gulf Coast but caused much lighter damage.
[[Image:KatrinaNewOrleansFlooded.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Flooding in [[New Orleans]] from [[Hurricane Katrina]]]]

The Mexican state of [[Quintana Roo]] was also heavily hit, suffering billions of dollars in damages when Hurricanes [[Hurricane Emily|Emily]] and [[Hurricane Wilma|Wilma]] both made landfall between [[Cozumel]] and [[Cancun]]. Wilma was particularly devastating, lashing the area with major hurricane-force winds for over a full day, and was possibly the most damaging hurricane in Mexican history.<ref name="WilmaTCR"/>

Wilma caused widespread heavy damage in south [[Florida]], causing $12.2 billion in damages total in the [[United States]].<ref name="WilmaTCR"/> Hurricanes Katrina and Rita had struck the same area earlier, causing lesser (but still significant) damage, and Tropical Storm Arlene killed one person caught in a [[rip tide]]. <ref name="ArleneTCR"/> Hurricane Dennis also brushed the area on its track northward.

In October, the remnants of [[Tropical Storm Tammy (2005)|Tropical Storm Tammy]] and Subtropical Depression Twenty-two met over the [[Northeastern United States]], causing [[Northeast Flooding of October 2005|intense flooding]].

Southeastern [[North Carolina]] suffered some damage from the slow-moving [[Hurricane Ophelia (2005)|Hurricane Ophelia]]; damages from that storm were originally estimated at $1.6 billion, but finalized at only $70 million. The remainder of the Atlantic coast escaped the major storms, although some regions were affected by the remnants of several storms (including Katrina, Ophelia, Tammy, STD22, and Wilma).<ref name="OpheliaTCR"/>

Northeastern [[Mexico]], including [[Veracruz]] and [[Tamaulipas]], was struck repeatedly. Hurricane Emily struck [[Tamaulipas]] directly, causing severe damage. Tropical Storms Bret, Gert, and Jose also made landfall in the area but caused minimal damage, although they did cause 12 deaths.<ref name="JoseTCR"/>

[[Image:WilmaCancun.jpg|thumb|left|[[Hurricane Wilma]] lashes [[Cancún, Mexico]]]]
Southern Mexico, along with portions of Central America, suffered heavy flooding and mudslides from [[Hurricane Stan]] and nearby non-tropical rains. Over 2,000 people have been confirmed dead in total, with some towns completely wiped out, though most of these deaths were not related to the hurricane. Central America also suffered flooding from [[Tropical Storm Gamma (2005)|Tropical Storm Gamma]] and Hurricane Wilma, and [[Nicaragua]] was struck directly by [[Hurricane Beta (2005)|Hurricane Beta]]. No damage figures are available for any of these storms.

The island of [[Hispaniola]] escaped the worst storms; however at least 89 people were killed in [[Haiti]] from the effects of Hurricanes Dennis and Wilma and [[Tropical Storm Alpha (2005)|Tropical Storm Alpha]].

[[Cuba]] was struck by Hurricane Dennis at peak strength, causing $1.4 billion in damages; it was the worst hurricane to hit Cuba in over 40 years. Some areas of Cuba also suffered heavy damage from Hurricanes Rita and Wilma.<ref name="DennisTCR"/>

Unusual impacts were felt in [[Europe]] from three storms; [[Hurricane Maria (2005)|Hurricane Maria]] intensified and affected northern Europe as a vicious extratropical storm, while [[Hurricane Vince (2005)|Hurricane Vince]] maintained tropical characteristics onto the [[Iberian Peninsula]] as a weak tropical depression. [[Tropical Storm Delta (2005)|Tropical Storm Delta]] struck the [[Canary Islands]] just after becoming extratropical, causing extensive damages before reaching [[Morocco]] as a weak extratropical system. 8 people were killed by those storms, and significant damage was reported as a result of Maria and Delta, although no figures are available.

No major land effects were felt as a result of Franklin, Harvey, Irene, TD10, Lee, Nate, Philippe, TD19, Epsilon, or Zeta.

==Economic impact==
[[Image:Hurricane_Rita%27s_Path_at_Landfall.gif|thumb|[[Hurricane Rita]] at landfall, along with the location of several refineries]]
The level of activity of the season had far-reaching economic consequences. Because of the small remaining global capacity for [[petroleum]] production, and the vulnerability of both oil extracting and [[refining]] capacity in the Gulf of Mexico, storms led to speculative spikes in the price of [[crude oil]]. The damage to refinery capacity in the [[United States]] caused gasoline to soar to record prices (even adjusted for [[inflation]]). Governments in [[Europe]] and the [[United States]] tapped strategic reserves of gasoline and petroleum and shortages were reported in the days after [[Hurricane Katrina|Katrina]] in areas heavily dependent on the [[Gulf of Mexico]] for refined gasoline. Even weeks after the storm, prices remained elevated, as the shortage in production remained over 1 million barrels per day.<ref name="KatrinaTCR"/> [[Hurricane Rita|Rita]] damaged wells in the western Gulf of Mexico which were primarily exploratory, leading to concerns that future production would be damped for some time to come.

Katrina also had significant political consequences, as President [[George W. Bush]], [[Louisiana]] governor [[Kathleen Blanco]], and [[New Orleans]] mayor [[Ray Nagin]] all came under heavy criticism for what were considered sluggish or inappropriate responses to [[Hurricane Katrina]]. On [[December 14]], [[2005]], congressional hearings began to investigate whether these claims had any merit. In addition, [[Michael D. Brown|Michael Brown]], head of the United States [[Federal Emergency Management Agency of the United States|Federal Emergency Management Agency]] (FEMA) was forced to resign from his post after the organization came under fire for what was perceived as an insufficient response to Katrina.

==Forecasting uncertainty==
[[Image:2005_10_09_1200_rgb_12-12-0.jpg|thumb|right|[[Hurricane Vince]] formed in cold waters in the northeast Atlantic.]]
A number of storms that formed in 2005 exhibited unusual behavior, and challenged forecasters' ability to make correct predictions. [[Hurricane Vince (2005)|Hurricane Vince]] formed farther northeast in the Atlantic than any other tropical cyclone on record, and then unexpectedly reached hurricane strength over waters considered too cold to support a [[hurricane]].<ref name="VinceTCR" /> [[Hurricane Wilma]] became one of the fastest-intensifying hurricanes on record, and later strengthened unexpectedly in the face of strong [[wind shear]]<ref>[http://www.wunderground.com/blog/JeffMasters/comment.html?entrynum=210&tstamp=200510 Dr. Jeff Masters' WunderBlog]</ref>.
[[Tropical Storm Delta (2005)|Tropical Storm Delta]], [[Hurricane Epsilon (2005)|Hurricane Epsilon]] and [[Tropical Storm Zeta (2005)|Tropical Storm Zeta]] all formed over the cold waters of the late-season eastern Atlantic much like Hurricane Vince (though at lower latitudes). All three persisted in the face of heavy wind shear, and Epsilon managed to reach hurricane strength over waters well below the temperatures previously thought necessary for hurricane formation. Epsilon became the longest-lasting December hurricane <ref name="EpsilonTCR"/> while Zeta became the longest-lasting storm in January. <ref>The NHC's [http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/dis/al302005.discus.030.shtml 30th Discussion of Tropical Storm Zeta] (awaiting Zeta's final report)</ref> According to the NHC, further research will be needed to understand why some of this season's storms showed unusual resistance to cold water and high wind shear.{{fact}}

==Records and notable events==
{{seealso|2005 Atlantic hurricane season statistics}}
The 2005 season has broken numerous records for tropical cyclone activity<ref>[http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories2005/s2540b.htm NOAA list of all the records surpassed or tied by the 2005 season.]</ref>, although records before 1944 are incomplete<ref>[http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/tcfaq/E11.html NOAA's Hurricane FAQ: question E11]</ref>.

===Number of storms===
{| class="toccolours" cellspacing=0 cellpadding=3 style="float:right; margin-left:1em; text-align:right;"
|+ '''Storm formation during the 2005 season'''
|- style="background:#ccccff"
!align=left| Systems !! Average !! <center>Old</br>Record</center> !! 2005
|-
|align=left| Named Storms || 10 || [[1933 Atlantic hurricane season|21]] || '''27'''
|-
|align=left| Hurricanes || 6 || [[1969 Atlantic hurricane season|12]] || '''15'''
|-
|align=left| Category 3+ Hurricanes || 2 || '''[[1950 Atlantic hurricane season|8]]''' || 7
|-
|align=left| Category 5 Hurricanes || 0.3 || [[1960 Atlantic hurricane season|2]] ([[1961 Atlantic hurricane season|tie]]) || '''3'''
|}
During the season 27 named storms formed, surpassing almost all records for storm formation in the Atlantic. More tropical storms, hurricanes, and Category 5 hurricanes formed during the season than in any previously recorded Atlantic season; the only major record for number of storms the season did not capture was most major hurricanes, still held by the [[1950 Atlantic hurricane season|1950 season]].

The season was the first season to use 'V' and 'W' names, and, when the season ran out of official alphabetical names after the use of [[Hurricane Wilma|Wilma]], forecasters resorted to using letters from the [[Greek alphabet]] for the first time (although [[Tropical Storm Alpha (disambiguation)|Alpha]] and [[Tropical Storm Delta (disambiguation)|Delta]] had been used for subtropical storms in the 1970s).

Almost every storm in 2005 has set a record for early formation. Of the twenty-seven storms which formed, twenty-two of them qualified as the earliest-forming storm of that number; starting with [[Hurricane Dennis]], almost every storm was such.

===Intense storms===
[[Image:Wilma1315z-051019-1kg12.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Hurricane Wilma near peak intensity of 882 [[mbar]]]]
Three of the six most intense hurricanes on record formed in 2005, topped off by Hurricane Wilma's 882 [[mbar]] minimum pressure, shattering the 17-year-old record set by [[Hurricane Gilbert]].<ref name="WilmaTCR"/> Hurricanes Rita and Katrina also attained Category 5 intensity, becoming the fourth and sixth most intense recorded Atlantic storms; 2005 is the only season on record with three Category 5 storms on the [[Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale]]. In addition, Hurricanes Emily and Dennis reached Category 4 status, tying the record set by the {{tcseason|1999|Atlantic|hurricane}} with five Category 4 storms. Finally, some readings from Hurricane Emily indicate it may have briefly been a Category 5 storm.<ref>The [[July 17]] 5 {{AM}} EDT [http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/dis/al052005.discus.026.shtml? Discussion (#26) for Hurricane Emily], National Hurricane Center</ref>

===Early strength and activity===
In July, [[Hurricane Dennis]] became the strongest storm to form prior to August, and the earliest Category 4 storm to form in the Caribbean.<ref name="DennisTCR"/> When [[Hurricane Emily]] reached Category 4 intensity later in the month, the 2005 season became the only season to have two hurricanes reach Category 4 intensity before the end of July; Emily also broke Dennis's nine-day-old record for the strongest storm on record before August. The high level of activity and strength was reflected in the [[Accumulated Cyclone Energy]] value at the end of July; at 61, it was the highest ever.

Additionally, seven storms formed before the end of July, breaking the record of five set in the [[1887 Atlantic hurricane season|1887]], [[1933 Atlantic hurricane season|1933]], [[1936 Atlantic hurricane season|1936]], [[1959 Atlantic hurricane season|1959]], [[1966 Atlantic hurricane season|1966]], and [[1995 Atlantic hurricane season|1995]] seasons. Five of those storms formed ''during'' July, also a new record.

===Late activity===
After forming on [[November 29]], [[Hurricane Epsilon (2005)|Hurricane Epsilon]] became the longest-lasting December hurricane on record when it maintained hurricane strength from [[December 2]] to [[December 7]]. Epsilon is the third-strongest hurricane ever recorded in the month of December; only [[1998 Atlantic hurricane season#Hurricane Nicole|Hurricane Nicole]] of 1998 and an unnamed storm in the [[1925 Atlantic hurricane season|1925 season]] were stronger.

When [[Tropical Storm Zeta (2005)|Tropical Storm Zeta]] formed on [[December 30]], it tied [[Hurricane Alice]] ([[December 30]], [[1954]]) for the latest ever that the last storm of the season formed. Zeta became only the second storm, after Alice, to persist through the end of year and still be active at the start of the next. In addition, Zeta was the longest-lived tropical cyclone to form in [[December]] and cross over into the next year, and it was also the longest-lived [[January]] tropical cyclone.

==2005 storm names==
{{hurricane main|List of tropical cyclone names}}

The following names were used for tropical storms and hurricanes that formed in the North Atlantic in 2005. This was the same list used for the [[1999 Atlantic hurricane season|1999 season]], with the exceptions of Franklin and Lee, which replaced [[Hurricane Floyd|Floyd]] and [[Hurricane Lenny|Lenny]]. The names not retired from this list will be used again in the 2011 Atlantic hurricane season. Storms were named Franklin, Lee, Maria, Nate, Ophelia, Philippe, Rita, Stan, Tammy, Vince, Wilma, Beta, Gamma, Epsilon, and Zeta for the first time in 2005 (the names Alpha and Delta had been previously used in [[1972 Atlantic hurricane season|1972]] for two [[subtropical storm]]s, but this is the first time they have been used in this way). This season used fifteen previously unused names, the most ever in an Atlantic season.

Vince and Wilma were the first named '[[V]]' and '[[W]]' storms ever in the Atlantic basin. The naming of Wilma exhausted the 2005 list, the first time in Atlantic naming history that all names in the list have been used. <!-- Names not yet assigned are marked in <font color="grey">grey</font>.-->
{| width="90%"
| width="25%" |
*Arlene
*Bret
*[[Hurricane Cindy (2005)|Cindy]]
*[[Hurricane Dennis|Dennis]]
*[[Hurricane Emily|Emily]]
*Franklin
*Gert
| width="25%" |
*Harvey
*Irene
*Jose
*[[Hurricane Katrina|Katrina]]
*Lee
*[[Hurricane Maria (2005)|Maria]]
*Nate
| width="25%" |
*[[Hurricane Ophelia (2005)|Ophelia]]
*Philippe
*[[Hurricane Rita|Rita]]
*[[Hurricane Stan|Stan]]
*Tammy
*[[Hurricane Vince (2005)|Vince]]
*[[Hurricane Wilma|Wilma]]
| valign="top" width=&;;quot;25%" |
*[[Tropical Storm Alpha (2005)|Alpha]]
*[[Hurricane Beta (2005)|Beta]]
*[[Tropical Storm Gamma (2005)|Gamma]]
*[[Tropical Storm Delta (2005)|Delta]]
*[[Hurricane Epsilon (2005)|Epsilon]]
*[[Tropical Storm Zeta (2005)|Zeta]]

<!--DON'T ADD THE SYMBOLS OF THE GREEK LETTERS AS THEY ARE NOT IN THE OFFICIAL NAME LIST-->
|}

On [[October 22]], [[2005]], Tropical Depression Twenty-five strengthened into [[Tropical Storm Alpha (2005)|Tropical Storm Alpha]]. This was the first time in Atlantic hurricane history that Greek letters were used due to the exhaustion of the primary list. Because a new backup list will be created in March 2006 (see below), the 2005 season was also the only season during which the Greek alphabet was used.

===Retirement===
{{seealso|List of retired Atlantic hurricanes}}
Names to be retired will be announced by the [[World Meteorological Organization]] in late March or early April of 2006, during the annual hurricane committee meeting of the WMO in [[San Juan, Puerto Rico]]. Any statement about retired names made before then is purely speculative.

Several storms in 2005 are considered candidates for retirement, and it is possible that the 2005 hurricane season will surpass the record for the most names retired after a single season, four (held by the [[1955 Atlantic hurricane season|1955]], [[1995 Atlantic hurricane season|1995]], and [[2004 Atlantic hurricane season|2004]] seasons).

At the same Committee meeting in March 2006, a new backup list will be created, and it will be used if the main list is exhausted again.<ref>[http://www.wmo.ch/news/news_dec2005.html World Meteorological Organization news] under "New list of hurricane names?"</ref>

==See also==
{{wikinewscat|Hurricane season, 2005}}
{{tcportal}}
{{Commons|2005 Atlantic hurricane season}}
*[[2005 Atlantic hurricane season statistics]]
*[[List of 2005 Atlantic hurricane season storms]]
*[[Timeline of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season]]
*[[List of notable Atlantic hurricanes]]
*[[List of Atlantic hurricane records]]
*[[List of Atlantic hurricane seasons]]
*[[2005 Pacific hurricane season]]
*[[2005 Pacific typhoon season]]
*[[2005-06 Southern Hemisphere tropical cyclone season]]
*[[2005 North Indian cyclone season]]

==External links==
*[http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/ National Hurricane Center]
*[http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/research/2005/hurricanes05.html NCDC: Climate of 2005: Atlantic Hurricane Season Summary]
*[http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/tws/MIATWSAT_nov.shtml NHC preliminary summary of 2005 wind speeds and deaths]
*[http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/ National Hurricane Center's 2005 Archive]
*[http://www.hpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/tropstorms.shtml Hydrometeorological Prediction Center's 2005 Advisory Archive]
*[http://www.hpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/2005.html U. S. Rainfall from Tropical Cyclones in 2005]
*[http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/research/2005/2005-atlantic-trop-cyclones.html US National Climatic Data Center - Atlantic Basin 2005 Accumulated Cyclone Energy (ACE) Index]
*[http://images.ibsys.com/sh/hurricanetracker/hurtracker.swf Flash Hurricane Tracker] - track active and archived hurricanes.
*[http://weather.unisys.com/hurricane/atlantic/2005/ Unisys' 2005 Season Page] - includes map of paths of all storms
*[http://www.nasa.gov/vision/earth/lookingatearth/2005_hurricane_season.html NASA Hurricane Tracking] - a movie showing all the hurricanes through [[October 19]]
*[http://flhurricane.com/cyclone/stormlist.php?year=2005 FLHurricane.com 2005 data] - includes GoogleMaps tracking

==Notes==
<div style="font-size: 85%">
<references />
</div>

{{2005 Atlantic hurricane season buttons}}

{{Atlantic hurricane season categories|2005}}

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Revision as of 14:22, 13 March 2006

June and July

Hurricane Dennis near landfall on Florida

On June 9, nearly two months earlier than the 2004 season started, Tropical Storm Arlene formed in the western Caribbean, crossing Cuba before making landfall on the Florida Panhandle on the 11th. Arlene caused no reported damages, although one swimmer was caught in a riptide and drowned in Miami Beach.[1][2]

Tropical Storm Bret formed in the Bay of Campeche on June 28 and made landfall in Veracruz the next morning. The storm damaged hundreds of homes and caused flooding which killed two people.[3]

Hurricane Cindy formed in the Gulf of Mexico on July 4. Originally thought to be a tropical storm, Cindy made landfall in Louisiana on the 5th as a minimal hurricane, dropping up to 5 inches (130 mm) of rain, spawning several tornadoes, and killing three people. Cindy was upgraded to a hurricane in the post-storm analysis.[4] [5]

Satellite photo of Hurricane Emily near peak intensity

On July 5, Hurricane Dennis formed in the eastern Caribbean; it crossed Grenada before intensifying into a Category 4 hurricane, the strongest ever recorded in July with a pressure of 930 mbar (hPa). Dennis struck Cuba at full force, then made a final landfall on the Florida Panhandle. The hurricane killed 88 people - mostly in Haiti - and caused $4-6 billion in damages in Cuba and the United States.[6][7]

Soon thereafter, Hurricane Emily formed in the Atlantic on July 11. It entered the Caribbean Sea and quickly intensified to a Category 5 storm, breaking Dennis's record for July intensity when its pressure reached 929 mbar (hPa). Emily crossed the Yucatan Peninsula at Category 4 strength before hitting Tamaulipas at Category 3 strength. Emily killed at least 14 people over the course of its path. An estimated $420 million in damages have been reported.

Tropical Storm Franklin formed off the Bahamas on July 18. The storm moved northeast and became extratropical off the coast of Atlantic Canada without ever having threatened land.

Tropical Storm Gert followed soon after on July 24. Gert struck Veracruz near where Emily had hit a few days before; roughly 1,000 people were evacuated for fear of flooding, but no damages or deaths were reported.[8]

  1. ^ National Hurricane Center (2005). "Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Arlene" (PDF). NOAA. Retrieved 2006-02-14.
  2. ^ The Hydrometeorological Prediction Center's (HPC) archive on Tropical Storm Arlene
  3. ^ National Hurricane Center (2006). "Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Bret" (PDF). NOAA. Retrieved 2006-02-14.
  4. ^ National Hurricane Center (2006). "Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Cindy" (PDF). NOAA. Retrieved 2006-02-14.
  5. ^ The HPC's archive on Hurricane Cindy
  6. ^ National Hurricane Center (2005). "Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Dennis" (PDF). NOAA. Retrieved 2006-02-14.
  7. ^ The HPC’s archive on Hurricane Dennis
  8. ^ National Hurricane Center (2005). "Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Gert" (PDF). NOAA. Retrieved 2006-02-14.
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