Jump to content

Center for Engaged Democracy: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Content deleted Content added
Line 57: Line 57:


===Majors===
===Majors===
*[http://depts.alverno.edu/cld/%20%20 Alverno College: Community Leadership ]
*[http://depts.alverno.edu/cld/ Alverno College: Community Leadership]
*[http://www.bryant.edu/wps/wcm/connect/Bryant/Academics/Areas%20of%20Study/S-Z/Sociology%20 Bryant University: Sociology and Service-Learning]
*[http://www.bryant.edu/wps/wcm/connect/Bryant/Academics/Areas%20of%20Study/S-Z/Sociology Bryant University: Sociology and Service-Learning]
*[http://www.ehc.edu/academics/programs/public-policy-community-service%20 Emory and Henry College: Public Policy and Community Service ]
*[http://www.ehc.edu/academics/programs/public-policy-community-service Emory and Henry College: Public Policy and Community Service ]
*[http://www.guilford.edu/academics/academic-programs/academic-departments/justice-policy-studies/ Guilford College: Community and Justice Studies]
*[http://www.guilford.edu/academics/academic-programs/academic-departments/justice-policy-studies/ Guilford College: Community and Justice Studies]
*[http://community.mercer.edu/leadership/pls/%20 Mercer University: Leadership and Community Service]
*[http://www2.mercer.edu/NewCLA/PLCS/default.htm Mercer University: Leadership and Community Service]
*[http://www.providence.edu/academics/Pages/public-community-service-studies.aspx%20 Providence College: Public and Community Service Studies]
*[http://www.providence.edu/academics/Pages/public-community-service-studies.aspx Providence College: Public and Community Service Studies]
*[http://www.ubalt.edu/cla_template.cfm?page=1557 University of Baltimore: Community Studies and Civic Engagement]
*[http://communitystudies.ucsc.edu/ University of California, Santa Cruz: Community Studies]
*[http://communitystudies.ucsc.edu/ University of California, Santa Cruz: Community Studies]
*[http://www.ubalt.edu/cas/undergraduate-majors-and-minors/majors/community-studies-and-civic-engagement/%20 University of Baltimore: Community Studies and Civic Engagement]
*[http://www.ubalt.edu/cas/undergraduate-majors-and-minors/majors/community-studies-and-civic-engagement/%20 University of Baltimore: Community Studies and Civic Engagement]
*[http://www.socsci.uci.edu/ssarc/pcs/index.html%20 University of California, Irvine: Public and Community Service]\
*[http://www.socsci.uci.edu/ssarc/pcs/index.html University of California, Irvine: Public and Community Service]
*[http://web.uconn.edu/ucstricampus/%20 University of Connecticut: Urban and Community Studies]
*[http://www.ucs.uconn.edu/ University of Connecticut: Urban and Community Studies]
*[http://www.machias.edu/behavsci%20 University of Maine - Machias: Psychology and Community Studies]
*[http://www.umm.maine.edu/behavsci.html University of Maine - Machias: Psychology and Community Studies]
*[http://www.umb.edu/academics/cpcs/ug/community_studies_ba/%20 University of Massachusetts - Boston: Community Studies]
*[http://www.umb.edu/academics/cpcs/ug/community_studies_ba/ University of Massachusetts - Boston: Community Studies]
*[http://www.edb.utexas.edu/education/edservices/career/students/2584/%20 University of Texas at Austin: Youth and Community Studies]
*[http://www.edb.utexas.edu/education/edservices/career/students/2584/ University of Texas at Austin: Youth and Community Studies]
*[http://www.wartburg.edu/socsci/soc.html%20 Wartburg College: Community Sociology]
*[http://www.pacific.edu/x2327.xml University of the Pacific: Community Service Learning]
*[http://www.wartburg.edu/socsci/soc.html Wartburg College: Community Sociology]


===Minors===
===Minors===
*[http://sites.allegheny.edu/vesa/%20 Allegheny College: Values, Ethics and Social Action]
*[http://sites.allegheny.edu/vesa/ Allegheny College: Values, Ethics and Social Action]
*[http://assumption.edu/academics/programs/csl/%20 Assumption College: Community Service-Learning]
*[http://www.assumption.edu/academics/programs/csl/degree.aspx Assumption College: Community Service-Learning]
*[http://www.cla.auburn.edu/cla/cce/%20 Auburn University: Community and Civic Engagement]
*[http://www.cla.auburn.edu/cla/cce/resources-for-students/minor/ Auburn University: Community and Civic Engagement]
*[http://www.cabrini.edu/Academics/Academic-Departments/Social-Justice-Minor/%20 Cabrini College: Social Justice]
*[http://www.cabrini.edu/Academics/Academic-Departments/Social-Justice-Minor/ Cabrini College: Social Justice]
*[http://service.csumb.edu/sl-leadership-minor%20 California State University, Monterey Bay: Service Learning Leadership]
*[http://service.csumb.edu/site/x3561.xml California State University, Monterey Bay: Service Learning Leadership]
*[http://volunteer.concord.edu/minor/%20 Concord University: Civic Engagement ]
*[http://humanitarian.mines.edu/ Colorado School of Mines: Humanitarian Engineering
*[http://volunteer.concord.edu/minor/ Concord University: Civic Engagement ]
*[http://sr.depaul.edu/catalog/catalogfiles/2008-2009A/College%20of%20Liberal%20Arts%20&%20Sciences%20Undergraduate%20Studies/pg100.html%20 DePaul University: Community Service Studies]
*[http://www.dom.edu/departments/socialjustice/index.html%20 Dominican University: Social Justice and Civic Engagement]
*[http://steans.depaul.edu/css.asp DePaul University: Community Service Studies]
*[http://www.dom.edu/academics/undergrad/majors/socialjustice Dominican University: Social Justice and Civic Engagement]
*[http://www.college.emory.edu/home/academic/program/minor/community_building_social_change.html%20 Emory University: Community Building and Social Change]
*[http://www.college.emory.edu/home/academic/program/minor/community_building_social_change.html%20 Emory University: Community Building and Social Change]
*[http://chss.gmu.edu/programs/la-ba-ints-pce George Mason U: Public and Community Engagement]
*[http://chss.gmu.edu/programs/la-ba-ints-pce George Mason U: Public and Community Engagement]
*[http://www.guilford.edu/academics/academic-programs/academic-departments/justice-policy-studies/minors/ Guilford College: Community Studies]
*[http://www.guilford.edu/academics/academic-programs/academic-departments/justice-policy-studies/minors/ Guilford College: Community Studies]
*[http://www.hws.edu/academics/pubserv/Hobart and William Smith Colleges: Public Service]
*[http://www.hws.edu/catalogue/sjs.aspx Hobart and William Smith Colleges: Public Service]
*[Humboldt: Leadership Studies]
*[http://americandemocracy.illinoisstate.edu/civic-engagement-responsibility/ Illinois State University: Civic Engagement & Responsibility]
*[http://americandemocracy.illinoisstate.edu/civic-engagement-responsibility/ Illinois State University: Civic Engagement & Responsibility]
*[http://www.indiana.edu/~bulletin/iub/college/2008-2010/leader.shtml Indiana University: Leadership, Ethics, and Social Action]
*[http://www.mbc.edu/studies/civic_engagement/ Mary Baldwin College: Civic Engagement]
*[http://www.montclair.edu/catalog/view_requirements.php?CurriculumID=1235 Montclair State University: Leadership Development Through Civic Engagement]
*[http://www.mbc.edu/studies/civicengagement/ Mary Baldwin College: Civic Engagement]
*[http://www.metrostate.edu/msweb/explore/fc/degrees/civic_engagement.htm Metropolitan State University - Twin Cities: Civic Engagement]
*[http://www.montclair.edu/catalog/view_requirements.php?CurriculumID=627 Montclair State University: Leadership Development Through Civic Engagement]
*[http://www.pdx.edu/hatfieldschool/civic-leadership-minor Portland State University: Civic Leadership]
*[http://www.sjsu.edu/ccll/students/ San Jose State University: Service-Learning]
*[http://www.simmons.edu/undergraduate/academics/departments/womens-studies/programs/3357.php Simmons College: Social Justice]
*[http://www.simmons.edu/undergraduate/academics/departments/womens-studies/programs/3357.php Simmons College: Social Justice]
*Slippery Rock University: Community Service and Service-Learning
*St. Catherine's University: Civic Engagement
*[http://www.buffalostate.edu/undergradprog.xml?bpid=477 State University of New York - Buffalo State: Understanding Community, Diversity, and Peace]
*[http://www.buffalostate.edu/undergradprog.xml?bpid=477 State University of New York - Buffalo State: Understanding Community, Diversity, and Peace]
*[http://www.stonybrook.edu/llc/community_service.shtml State University of New York Stony Brook: Community Service-Learning]
*[http://www.career.sunysb.edu/content/general/service State University of New York Stony Brook: Community Service-Learning]
*[http://www2.tusculum.edu/cca/service-learning-at-tusculum/civic-engagement-minor/ Tusculum College: Civic Engagement]
*[http://www2.tusculum.edu/cca/service-learning-at-tusculum/civic-engagement-minor/ Tusculum College: Civic Engagement]
*[http://cis.ucla.edu/studyArea/course.asp?id=306 UCLA: Civic Engagement]
*[http://www.communitylearning.ucla.edu/civic-engagement-minor.html UCLA: Civic Engagement]
*[http://cpc.uindy.edu/academics/index.php University of Indianapolis: Civic Engagement and Community Leadership]
*[http://cpc.uindy.edu/staff.php University of Indianapolis: Civic Engagement and Community Leadership]
*[http://www.honors.umass.edu/about-citizen-scholars University of Massachusetts - Amherst: Citizen Scholars Program]
*[http://www.honors.umass.edu/about-citizen-scholars University of Massachusetts - Amherst: Citizen Scholars Program]
*[http://www.umassd.edu/seppce/centers/cce/leadershipcivicengagementminor/ University of Massachusetts - Dartmouth: Leadership and Civic Engagement]
*[http://www.umassd.edu/seppce/centers/cce/leadershipcivicengagementminor/ University of Massachusetts - Dartmouth: Leadership and Civic Engagement]
*[http://ssw.umich.edu/programs/undergrad/ University of Michigan: Community Action and Social Change]
*[http://www.lsa.umich.edu/umich/v/index.jsp?vgnextoid=c5b3d8d4b5ce9110VgnVCM1000005001010aRCRD University of Michigan: Urban Studies]
*[http://servicelearning.missouri.edu/minor.htm University of Missouri: Leadership and Public Service]
*[http://servelearn.missouri.edu/minor.htm University of Missouri: Leadership and Public Service]
*[http://getinvolved.unlv.edu/minor/ University of Nevada, Las Vegas: Leadership and Civic Engagement]
*[http://getinvolved.unlv.edu/minor/ University of Nevada, Las Vegas: Leadership and Civic Engagement]
*[http://www.usfca.edu/centers/mccarthy/programs/courses/public_service_minor/ University of San Francisco: Public Service and Community Engagement]
*[http://www.usfca.edu/mccarthycenter/programs/PSCP.html University of San Francisco: Public Service and Community Engagement]
*[http://www.uwosh.edu/political_science/information-for-students/degree-rquirements University of Wisconsin - Oshkosh: Civic Engagement]
*[http://www.uwosh.edu/political_science/information-for-students/degree-rquirements/ University of Wisconsin - Oshkosh: Civic Engagement]
*[http://www4.uwm.edu/soe/academics/ed_policy/comm_ed/minor.cfm University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee: Community Studies]
*[http://www.waynesburg.edu/web/servleadershipstudies/service-leadership-minor Waynesburg University: Service Leadership]
*[http://www.waynesburg.edu/web/servleadershipstudies/service-leadership-minor Waynesburg University: Service Leadership]
*Whitworth University: Community Engagement and Transformation
*[http://www.wm.edu/as/charlescenter/interdisciplinary/structured/communitystudies/ William and Mary: Community Studies]
*[http://www.wm.edu/as/charlescenter/interdisciplinary/structured/communitystudies/ William and Mary: Community Studies]



Revision as of 16:59, 5 March 2012

The Center for Engaged Democracy is located within Merrimack College’s School of Education. The Center develops, coordinates, and supports academic programs around the country that are focused on civic and community engagement. The Center supports such academic programs through a variety of initiatives for faculty, administrators, and community partners. There are currently over fifty academic programs focused on community engagement.[1]

History

The Center was founded in 2010 by Dan Butin. His research and acadmeic work for over five years has been focused on the argument for the institutionalization of community engagement in higher education. He says that we need to reconceptualize the service-learning movement as an intellectual movement to make meaningful connections between colleges and communities and expand on the notion of an engaged campus. This shows the need to develop an "academic home" meaning academic programs such as majors, minors, certificates and interdisciplinary programs. His research is the reason for the development of this central research and action hub to develop, coordinate, and support academic programs that are focused on community engagement.[2]

Center Initiatives

Compilation

The Center is currently compiling existing research and documentation to support new and developing programs. The document repository has the following resources:

  • Strategic Planning Resources
  • Student Capstone Projects
  • Course Catalog Resource
  • Key Texts in Community Engagement
  • Syllabus Resource

The document repository is housed within WikiSpaces [3]

Core Competencies Initiative

Over the next six months the Core Competencies group will solicit, compile, and synthesize existing program competencies and resources for the community engagement field that will be shared at the summer conference as a preliminary draft and then made available online for dialogue, input and revision. The goal of this initiative is to ultimately distill common competencies and propose a suggested list of core competencies for academic programs. The Core Competencies will specifically address the following questions:

  • What are the learning outcomes for academic programs in "community engagement"?
  • What knowledge, skills, and dispositions should students have demonstrated by the end of their academic programs?
  • How should these competencies differ across diverse programs - certificates, minors, and majors?

Summer Conference

The Center sponsors a yearly summer research institute for departments and academic programs. This conference brings together scholars, students, and community participants to engage critical questions of what it means in higher education to have an “academic home” for community engagement. In June 2011, the 2nd Annual Summer Research Institute hosted Keynote Speaker Benjamin Barber. The upcoming 3rd annual conference will be June 23–24 at Merrimack College [4]

Research Opportunities

In September 2011, the Center had a Call for Proposals for research on academic programs in community engagement. This request was to advance the research on academic programs in community engagement.

Rick Battistoni (Providence College), Arthur Keene (University of Massachusetts Amherst), Tania Mitchell (Stanford University), and John Reiff (University of Massachusetts Amherst) received the Center’s first research grant. Their research project is called Educating for Democratic Leadership in Three Multi-Year, Development, Cohort-Based Civic Engagement Programs. This project will investigate the long-term impacts of sustained, developmental community action programs at Providence College, Stanford University and the University of Massachusetts to understand how these programs influence civic identity and civic action and promote democratic leadership after college. Their findings will be presented at the 2012 summer research institute

Advisory Board

  • Ari Hoy is Senior Program Officer for the Bonner Foundation.
  • Elizabeth Minnich is a Senior Scholar, Association of American Colleges & Universities: Office of Diversity, Equity, and Global Initiatives.
  • Byron White is the Associate Vice President for Community Engagement at Xavier University and a Senior Associate for the Community Building Institute.

This information comes from Merrimack College School of Education [5]

Majors

Minors

Certificates

Dan Butin

Dan Butin is the founder of the Center for an Engaged Democracy and the founding deaan of the School of Education and an Associate Professor at Merrimack College. Dan Butin is the editor and author of more than sixty academic publications. Dr. Butin's research focuses on community engagement and also issues of education preparation and policy. Prior to working in higher education, Dr. Butin was a middle school math and science teacher and the chief financial officer of Teach for America.

Relevant Work

  • Butin, D. W. 2010. “So Close and Yet So Far To Go: A Review of Teacher Education, Diversity, and Community Engagement in Liberal Arts Colleges” in Teachers College Record, 10/28/2010.
  • Butin, D. W. 2010. “Can I Major in Service-Learning? An Empirical Analysis of Majors, Minors, and Certificates”, Journal of College and Character, 11(2).
  • Butin, D. W. 2010. Service-Learning in Theory and Practice: The Future of Community Engagement in Higher Education. NY: Palgrave.(Read chapter 1)
  • Butin, D. W. 2010. “Service-Learning as an Intellectual Movement: The Need for an ‘Academic Home’ and Critique for the Community Engagement Movement.” In Problematizing Service-Learning: Critical Reflections for Development and Action, edited by Trae Stewart & Nicole Webster. Information Age Publishing.
  • Butin, D. W. 2009. “A Review of Service-Learning and the Liberal Arts” Learning and Teaching: The International Journal of Higher Education in the Social Sciences.
  • Butin, D. W. 2008. Editor. Service-Learning and Social Justice Education. New York: Routledge.
  • Butin, D. W. 2008. “Service-Learning” In Encyclopedia of the Social and Cultural Foundations of Education, edited by Eugene F. Provenzo, Jr. NY: SAGE Publications.
  • Butin, D. W. 2008. “Justice Learning: Service-Learning as Justice-Oriented Education” in D. W. Butin (Ed.) Service-Learning and Social Justice Education. NY: Routledge.
  • Butin, D. W. 2008. “Saving the University on His Own Time: Stanley Fish, Service-Learning, and Knowledge Legitimation in the Academy” Michigan Journal of Community Service Learning.
  • Butin, D. W. 2007. “Rethinking Engagement: Strengthening Faculty Buy-In to Community Engagement.” Change, Nov/Dec., 2007. pp. 34–37.
  • Butin, D. W. 2006. Guest Editor. “Future Directions for Service-Learning in Higher Education”, International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 18(1).
  • Butin, D. W. 2006. “The Limits of Service-Learning in Higher Education”, The Review of Higher Education, 29(4). pp. 473–498.
  • Butin, D. W. 2006. “Special Issue Introduction: Future Directions for Service-Learning in Higher Education”, International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 18(1). pp. 1–4.
  • Butin, D. W. 2006. “Disciplining Service-Learning: Institutionalization and the Case for Community Studies”, International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 18(1). pp. 57–64.
  • Butin, D. W. 2005. Editor. Service-Learning in Higher Education: Critical Issues and Directions. New York: Palgrave.
  • Butin, D. W. 2003. “Of What Use Is It?: Multiple Conceptualizations of Service-Learning in Education”, In Teachers College Record, 105(9), pp. 1674–1692.

Other Work

BOOKS and MONOGRAPHS

  • Butin, D. W. Series Editor. Critical Studies in Community Engagement in Higher Education. NY: Palgrave.
  • Butin, D. W. and S. Seider. (In Press). The Engaged Campus: Majors, Minors, and Certificates as the New Community Engagement. NY: Palgrave.
  • Butin, D. W. (2010). The Education Dissertation: A Guide for Practitioner Scholars. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press. (here is the table of contents)
  • Provenzo, E. F., Butin, D. W., and Angelini, A. (2008). 100 Experiential Learning Activities for Social Studies, Literature, and the Arts. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press.
  • Butin, D. W. (2005). Editor. Teaching Social Foundations of Education: Contexts, Theories, and Issues. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Publishers.

BOOK CHAPTERS, ARTICLES & ENCYCLOPEDIA ENTRIES

  • Butin, D. W. (Forthcoming). “Yes, Service-Learning Works...But For Whom? The Politics and Power Dynamics of Community Engagement in Higher Education.” Theory into Practice.
  • Butin, D. W. (Forthcoming). “Democracy in Doubt: A Critical Examination of K-12 Service-Learning” in Enriching the Curriculum and Promoting Diversity Through Service-Learning, edited by R. Simmons and Valerie Hill-Jackson. Stylus Publishing.
  • Butin, D. W. (In Press). “Rethinking the ‘Apprenticeship of Liberty’: The Case for Academic Programs in Community Engagement in Higher Education” Journal of College & Character.
  • Butin, D. W.and N. Pianko. (In Press). “Jewish Studies and Service-Learning in Higher Education: What Each Can Gain From the Other.” Journal of Jewish Communal Service.
  • Butin, D. W. and S. Seider. (In Press). “The Future of Community Engagement in Higher Education” Journal of College & Character.
  • Butin, D. W. (2009/2000). National Clearinghouse for Educational Facilities. Published a set of overviews on classroom design and educational facilities: “Early Childhood Centers”, “General Classrooms”, “Health Centers”, “Library Media Centers”, “Multi-Purpose Space”, “Science Facilities”, “Student Commons”, “Teacher Workspaces”, Washington, D.C.: available at: http://www.edfacilities.org/
  • Butin, D. W. (2008). “Lessons from an Urban Classroom: A Review of Schultz’s Spectacular Things Happen Along the Way.” Educational Studies, 44, pp. 289–293. (page proof version is here)
  • Butin, D. W. (2008). “Student Resistance” In Encyclopedia of the Social and Cultural Foundations of Education, edited by Eugene F. Provenzo, Jr. NY: SAGE Publications.
  • Butin, D. W. (2007). “Civic Engagement.” In Encyclopedia of the American High School, edited by Kathryn Borman, Spencer Cahill, and Bridget Cotner. New York: Greenwood Publishing.
  • Butin, D. W. (2007). “Dark Times Indeed: NCATE, Social Justice, and the Marginalization of Multicultural Foundations.”, Journal of Educational Controversy, 2(2). Available at: http://www.wce.wwu.edu/Resources/CEP/eJournal/v002n002/.
  • Butin, D. W. (2007). “Re-Reading Dewey: A Review of David Hansen’s John Dewey and Our Educational Prospect”, Education Review. Available at: http://edrev.asu.edu/reviews/rev575.htm.
  • Butin, D. W. (2006). “Putting Foucault to Work in Educational Research: A Review”, Journal of Philosophy of Education. 40(3). pp. 371–380.
  • Butin, D. W. (2006). “The Limits of Service-Learning in Higher Education”, The Review of Higher Education, 29(4). pp. 473–498.(article is here)
  • Butin, D. W. (2005). “Is Anyone Listening? Educational Policy Perspectives on the Social Foundations of Education”. Educational Studies, 38(3). pp. 286–297. (article is here)
  • Butin, D. W. (2005). “’I Don’t Buy It’: Student Resistance, Social Justice, and Identity Construction”, Inventio 7(1). Available at http://www.doit.gmu.edu/inventio/issues/Spring_2005/Butin_1.html.
  • Butin, D. W. (2005). “Preface: Disturbing Normalizations of Service-Learning” in D. W. Butin (Ed.) Service-Learning in Higher Education: Critical Issues and Directions. Palgrave.
  • Butin, D. W. (2005). “Service-Learning as Postmodern Pedagogy” in D. W. Butin (Ed.) Service-Learning in Higher Education: Critical Issues and Directions. Palgrave.
  • Butin, D. W. (2005). “Introduction: Teaching Social Foundations” In D. W. Butin (Ed.) Teaching Social Foundations of Education: Contexts, Theories, and Issues. Mahwah: NJ. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Butin, D. W. (2005). “Identity (Re)Construction and Student Resistance” In D. W. Butin (Ed.) Teaching Social Foundations of Education: Contexts, Theories, and Issues. Mahwah: NJ. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Butin, D. W. (2005). “Diversity, Democracy, and Definitions: Contested Positions for the Future of the Social Foundations” In D. W. Butin (Ed.) Teaching Social Foundations of Education: Contexts, Theories, and Issues. Mahwah: NJ. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Butin, D. W. (2004). “The Foundations of Preparing Teachers: Are Education Schools Really ‘Intellectually Barren’ and Ideological?” Teachers College Record. Available at: http://www.tcrecord.org/Content.asp?ContentId=11349.
  • Butin, D. W. (2002). “This Ain’t Talk Therapy: Problematizing and Extending Anti-Oppressive Education” In Educational Researcher. 31(3). pp. 14–16. (article is here)
  • Butin, D. W. (2001). “If This is Resistance I Would Hate to See Domination: Retrieving Michel Foucault’s Notion of Resistance in Educational Research” In Educational Studies, 32(2), pp. 157–176. (article is here)

References

  1. ^ “Center for an Engaged Democracy”. Retrieved from www.merrimack.edu/democracy
  2. ^ “Dan W. Butin: Community Engagement”. Retrieved from http://danbutin.org/community_engagement
  3. ^ "Center for Enaged Democracy." Retrieved from: http://center-for-engaged-democracy.wikispaces.com/
  4. ^ "Events." Retrieved from: http://ase.tufts.edu/macc/events.htm
  5. ^ “Academic Programs in Community Engagement." Retrieved from http://www.aacu.org/meetings/annualmeeting/AM11/documents/CommunityEngagementPrograms_Handout.pdf