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Revision as of 00:16, 12 March 2012

Olive Fitzhardinge (1881–1956) was an Australian rose breeder.

'Warrawee' 1932, a pink hybrid tea with good scent, flowering all season. Photographed at Werribee Park, Victoria in autumn.

Life

Olive Rose MacMaster, daughter of Colin James and Sarah (née Ross) MacMaster, was born in 1881 at Inverell, northern New South Wales. She was brought up in the country.[1] She died in 1956 at Chatsworth.[2]

In 1909 she married Dr Hardinge Clarence Fitzhardinge (1878–1958), a Macquarie Street dentist. "They lived at Cremorne Point for some years but in 1917 bought 1.5 acres at Warrawee north of Sydney where they established quite a famous garden."[1]

They had "Bridge End" at No. 1 Warrawee Avenue, Warrawee.[3] (The "bridge end" concerned is the eastern end of the footbridge to the Warrawee railway station.)[4] All the blocks in the area were carefully kept to between one and four acres. The railway station was arranged nearby in such a way that no shops or cross roads could intrude.[5][6]

They had daughters Jean Mary Dean (b. 1909) and Olive Prudence Bryant (b. 1912) and sons Colin Hardinge Fitzhardinge (1914–1998) and Brian Forbes Fitzhardinge (1917–1932).[2]

Olive Fitzhardinge and her husband moved to a property at Mandurama in 1936 or 1937.[3] This Central Tableland region is where their elder son, Colin, settled to farm at the end of World War II. He and his wife (the children's writer Joan Phipson, married 1944) remained in the area for the rest of their lives.

Rose names

The original of 'Beatrice Berkeley' is unknown. It may be relevant that the Fithardinges were closely related to the Berkeley family and to the Earls of Berkeley.[7]

'Kitty Bice' was Catherine, Mrs Luke Bice, an Inverell friend of Olive Fitzhardinge.[8]

'Warrawee' was the name of the sequestered suburb and society in which the Fitzhardinges lived.

'Captain Bligh' (later Admiral) was an early governor of New South Wales (1806–1808) after he became the object of mutiny on HMS Bounty in 1789.

'Lady Gowrie' (Zara Hore-Ruthven) was the wife of Lord Gowrie (later the Earl of Gowrie) who was in turn Governor of South Australia, Governor of New South Wales (1935–1936), and Governor-General of Australia. Convention required the Governor to be patron of the NSW Rose Society, and the Society to name a rose after his wife.

'Mrs C.E. Prell' was the wife of Goulburn pastoralist friends of the Fitzhardinges'.[2][8]

'Prudence' was Mrs Fitzhardinge's second daughter. 'Plain Jane' was her first daughter, Jean Mary.

'Captain Phillip' was the first governor (1787–1792) of the colony of New South Wales.

'Lady Edgeworth David' was "Caroline Martha Mallet in 1856, [who] married July 1885 Tannant William Edgeworth David (1858-1934) … Her husband was appointed KBE in 1920 and they were known as Sir and Lady Edgeworth David. Her husband was perhaps better known as Professor of Geology at Sydney University and the man who, on the Shackleton British Antarctic Expedition of 1907–09 led the climb to the top of Mount Erebus and also led the party with Mawson and MacKay to the South Magnetic pole."[9] "Lady David had a long and distinguished career of service to the community. She was an early president of the Bush Book Club. In World War I she campaigned vigorously and successfully for six o'clock closing of public houses and was president of the Women's National Movement for Social Reform which aimed at the eradication of venereal disease. Her work on behalf of the New South Wales branch of the Girl Guides' Association was outstanding: an original divisional commissioner from 1920, she was State commissioner in 1928-38 and in 1934 was awarded the order of the Silver Fish—the highest honour for officers of the Girl Guide Movement. She died at Hornsby on Christmas Day 1951.[10] Lady David was a friend of the Fitzhardinges'.[8]

'Sirius' was flagship of the First Fleet to colonise New South Wales in 1787.

Rose breeding

Under the heading "Rose Show," the Sydney Morning Herald for 18 October 1932 wrote about a meeting of the National Rose Society of NSW in the Public Libary:

A new Australian seedling, carrying a rich orange salmon tone, that was raised by Mrs. R. Fitzhardinge in her garden at Warrawee, named Beatrice Berkeley, made its first bow to a critical Sydney audience, and was favourably received.[11]

All Fitzhardinge's roses were hybrid teas, probably bred between 1930 and 1937, the last to be registered appearing in 1939.[3] All except 'Beatrice Berkeley' and 'Plain Jane' were released for sale through Hazlewood Brothers. "She was a close friend of Alister Clark and the Hazelwood brothers, who introduced her roses to the public through their nursery."[1]

Sortable list of Fitzhardinge roses[12][13]

Name Date Type Colour Pollen parent Seed parent Extant
Beatrice Berkeley[14] 1932 Hybrid tea Orange-salmon[11] Cupid Padre Lost
Kitty Bice[15] 1932 Hybrid tea climber Dark bright pink Ophelia climbing Lady Waterlow Lost
Warrawee[16] 1932 Hybrid tea Pink Rev. F. Page-Roberts Padre Yes
Captain Bligh[17] 1934 Hybrid tea Pink Gustav Grünewald Betty Uprichard Lost
Lady Gowrie[18] 1938 Hybrid tea climber Yellow Sunburst climbing Rev. F. Page-Roberts Lost
Lubra[19] 1938 Hybrid tea Dark red Ophelia Black Boy (Clark) Yes
Mrs C.E. Prell[20] 1938 Hybrid tea Red blend Gustav Grünewald Betty Uprichard Yes
Plain Jane[21] 1938 Hybrid tea unknown unknown unknown Lost
Prudence[22] 1938 Hybrid tea climber Neyron pink Warrawee Souvenir de Claudius Pernet Lost
Governor Phillip[23] 1939 Hybrid tea climber Ruby red Ophelia ssedling Black Boy Lost
Lady Edgeworth David[24] 1939 Hybrid tea Pink Seedling Betty Uprichard Yes
Sirius[25] 1939 Hybrid tea Red Seedling Lubra Lost

Where the roses can be seen

  • The Victoria State Rose Garden at Werribee Park has 'Warrawee' and 'Lubra.'[26]
  • The National Rose Collection created by David Ruston at Renmark in South Australia has 'Warrawee,' 'Lady Edgeworth David' and 'Lubra.'[27]

• The Morwell Centenary Rose garden in Gippsland has 'Warrawee' and 'Lubra.'

• The Roseto Carla Fineschi near Arezzo, Italy has 'Warrawee.'

• The Europoas-Rosarium at Sangerhausen in north east Germany has 'Warrawee.'

References

  1. ^ a b c Peter Cox, Australian Roses, Bloomings Books, 2009, pp. 25–26.
  2. ^ a b c Online BDM records for NSW.
  3. ^ a b c Sydney phone directories 1932–1939.
  4. ^ The present house at "Bridge End" was built about 1939, so was not built by the Fithardinges.
  5. ^ John Johnson, no date, North Shore Houses, State Library of New South Wales, compiled for the Upper North Architects Network and the Institute of Architects. Especially p. 27.
  6. ^ Paul Davis, November 2010, Kuring-Gai Potential Heritage Conservation Areas North Review "HCA 23 – Warrawee."
  7. ^ Australian National Dictionary of Biography, Peter C. Fitzhardinge-Seton, article on Fitzhardinge, William George Augustus (1810–1884). W.G.A. Fitzhardinge had nine sons, five of them NSW lawyers. He was a descendant of the Earls of Berkeley and of Earl Fitzhardinge.
  8. ^ a b c SMH 16 May 1934 p.7, report on the wedding of the Fitzhardinges' daughter Prudence.
  9. ^ Peter Cox, J Heritage Roses in Australia, 2002, vol 24 no 3 p. 7.
  10. ^ D. F. Branagan and T. G. Vallance, Australian Dictionary of Biography online, entry for David, Sir Tannatt William Edgeworth (1858–1934).
  11. ^ a b SMH 18 October 1932 p.10.
  12. ^ Peter Cox, Australian Roses, Bloomings Books, 1999, pp. 25–26. ISBN 1-876473-02-9.
  13. ^ Help Me Find Roses entry for Fitzhardinge, Olive
  14. ^ Beatrice Berkeley at HelpMeFind.com
  15. ^ Kitty Bice at HelpMeFind.com
  16. ^ Warrawee at HelpMeFind.com
  17. ^ Captain Bligh at HelpMeFind.com
  18. ^ Lady Gowrie at HelpMeFind.com
  19. ^ Lubra at HelpMeFind.com
  20. ^ Mrs C.E. Prell at HelpMeFind.com
  21. ^ Plain Jane at HelpMeFind.com
  22. ^ Prudence at HelpMeFind.com
  23. ^ Governor Phillip at HelpMeFind.com
  24. ^ Lady Edgeworth David at HelpMeFind.com
  25. ^ Sirius at HelpMeFind.com
  26. ^ Victoria State Rose Garden at Werribee Park
  27. ^ National Rose Collection of Australia

Articles written by Fitzhardinge

Mrs O. R. Fizthardinge, "Amateur hybridisation." Australian Rose Annual, 1932 p.127.

Mrs O. R. Fizthardinge, "'Warrawee,' a New Australian Rose of Merit." Australian Rose Annual, 1934 p.144.

Mrs O. R. Fizthardinge, Mandurama, "'New Garden, New Roses." Australian Rose Annual, 1941 p.58.

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