Nototheniidae: Difference between revisions
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* Genus ''[[Paranotothenia]]'' |
* Genus ''[[Paranotothenia]]'' |
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** ''[[Paranotothenia dewitti]]'' |
** ''[[Paranotothenia dewitti]]'' |
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** [[Maori cod]], |
** [[Maori cod]], Maori chief, Black cod, [[Magellanic rockcod]], [[Blue notothenia]] or [[Orange throat notothen]], ''[[Paranotothenia magellanica]]'' <small>(Forster, 1801)</small> |
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* Genus ''[[Patagonotothen]]'' (all non-Antarctic) |
* Genus ''[[Patagonotothen]]'' (all non-Antarctic) |
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** ''[[Patagonotothen brevicauda]]'' |
** ''[[Patagonotothen brevicauda]]'' |
Revision as of 08:50, 21 May 2006
Cod icefishes | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | |
Phylum: | |
Class: | |
Order: | |
Suborder: | |
Family: | Nototheniidae
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Genera | |
Aethotaxis |
The cod icefishes are a family, Nototheniidae, of Perciform fishes, containing about 50 species in 12 genera. They are largely found in the Southern Ocean and off the coast of Antarctica. As the dominant Antarctic fish taxa, they occupy both sea bottom and water column ecological niches. Although lacking a gas bladder, they have undergone a depth-related diversification, such as increase in fatty tissues and reduced mineralization of the bones, resulting in a body density approaching neutral, to fill a variety of water column niches. It is thought that the spleen may be used to remove ice crystals from circulating blood. As the chilly subantarctic waters averages –1 to 4 degrees Celsius, most Antarctic species have antifreeze glycoproteins in their blood and other body fluids.
Some species exhibit morphism, for example, the circum-Antarctic Trematomus newnesi exists as two morphs in the Ross Sea, the typical morph and a large mouth/broad headed morph.
As the major fish resource in the Southern Ocean, nototheniids are under increasing pressure from commercial fishing.
Classification
- Genus Aethotaxis
- Genus Cryothenia
- Genus Dissostichus
- Genus Gobionotothen
- Genus Gvozdarus
- Genus Lepidonotothen
- Genus Notothenia
- Genus Pagothenia
- Genus Paranotothenia
- Paranotothenia dewitti
- Maori cod, Maori chief, Black cod, Magellanic rockcod, Blue notothenia or Orange throat notothen, Paranotothenia magellanica (Forster, 1801)
- Genus Patagonotothen (all non-Antarctic)
- Patagonotothen brevicauda
- Patagonotothen canina
- Patagonotothen cornucola
- Patagonotothen elegans
- Patagonotothen guntheri
- Patagonotothen jordani
- Patagonotothen kreffti
- Patagonotothen longipes
- Patagonotothen ramsayi
- Patagonotothen sima
- Patagonotothen squamiceps
- Patagonotothen tessellata
- Patagonotothen thompsoni
- Patagonotothen wiltoni
- Genus Pleuragramma
- Genus Trematomus
References
- Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2005). "Nototheniidae" in FishBase. November 2005 version.