Electromyoneurography: Difference between revisions
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''Up here, we should have brief overview of the topic, which would ideally include a few sentences from each of us that summarizes our respective topics and provides the reader with an abstract of what the article covers.'' |
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== Electroneuromyography == |
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'''Electromyoneurography''' is the combined use of [[electromyography]] and [[electroneuronography]]<ref>Spiegel MB. Electromyoneurography. ''Am Fam Physician'' 1978 Nov;18(5):119-30.</ref> |
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=== Characteristics === |
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Electroneuromyography is a technique that uses the surface electrical probes to test nerve and muscle cells. The nerve is generally recorded using surface electrodes, stimulating the nerve at one site and recording from another with a minimum distance between the two. The time difference of the potential is a measure of the time taken for the potential to travel the distance across the two sites and is a measure of the conduction along the nerve. The amplitude of the potential, measured baseline to peak, or peak to peak is a measure of the number of fibers conducting the response. When the nerve is abnormal (low amplitude or absent) it indicates nerve damage<ref>Mansukhani, K., & Doshi, B. (2008). Interpretation of electroneuromyographic studies in diseases of neuromuscular junction and myopathies. Neurology India, 56(3), 339-47. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/236927059?accountid=100</ref>. |
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[[File:Electrophysiological findings table.jpg|300px|thumbnail|right|Comparison of preoperative and postoperative electrophysiological finding in 35 patients who underwent surgery for radial nerve injury in arm]] |
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This technique is used in many medical fields today. One example of its use is to detect neuropathy due to diseases like diabeted mellitus.<ref>Ovayolu, N., Akarsu, E., Madenci, E., Torun, S., Ucan, O. and Yilmaz, M. (2008), Clinical characteristics of patients with diabetic polyneuropathy: the role of clinical and electromyographic evaluation and the effect of the various types on the quality of life. International Journal of Clinical Practice, 62: 1019–1025. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-1241.2008.01730.x</ref> It can also be used to detect muscle weakness or paralysis due to sepsis or multi-organ failure in comatose patients.(3) This method remains a largely used medical technique due to its efficiency and relative simplicity. |
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(1) http://rpmarqu.csd.mu.edu/plainsrcpq/docview/236927059/13CF256FA6F611A7C09/11?accountid=100 |
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{{reflist}} |
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(2) http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1742-1241.2008.01730.x/full |
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(3) http://rpmarqu.csd.mu.edu/plainsrcpq/docview/199069411/4/ |
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[[Category:Electrodiagnosis]] |
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"This is a working progress, please dont delete." |
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[[Category:Electrophysiology]] |
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[[Category:Neurophysiology]] |
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[[Category:Neurotechnology]] |
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[[Category:Neurology procedures]] |
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=== History === |
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The technique of electromyoneurography was first practiced in the late 1970's by the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_practitioner| American Academy of General Practice ]. The use of this technique enhances diagnostic capacity by defining and localizing the target site. In 1978 Milton B. Spiegel suggested that pre-examination of the patients' [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Range_of_motion| range of motion and reflexes ] would eliminate time and exploration of nerve entrapments during the electromyoneurographic procedure. <ref>{{cite journal|last=Spiegal|first=Milton|title=Electromyoneurography|journal=American Family Physician|year=1978|month=November|volume=18|issue=5|page=119-30|accessdate=20 March 2013}}</ref> |
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{{Neuroscience-stub}} |
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In the early 1980's, speculation of electromyoneurography included diagnoses of [[Peripheral_neuropathy|Neuropathy]], [[Radiculopathy]], and [[Polyneuropathy|Axonopathy]]. In 2011 the use of electroneuromyography helped aid the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome, abnormal glucose levels, and many other myopathies. This procedure now analyzes the nerve conduction and muscle potentials through the use of [[H-reflex|H-Reflex]] and [[F_wave|F-Wave]] studies. When this procedure is done correctly with a pre-examination before hand, neuromuscular abnormalities will be detected if such oddities exist. |
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''Here we would explain the background behind the discovery and first uses of this technique. We would describe its applications throughout history and how it has evolved into the medical procedure it has become today.'' |
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=== Modern Application === |
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[[File:Electrophysiological findings table.jpg|300px|thumbnail|right|Comparison of preoperative and postoperative electrophysiological finding in 35 patients who underwent surgery for radial nerve injury in arm]] Electromyoneurography (EMNG), which is essentially the combination of electroneurography and electromyography techniques, has a variety of modern applications. The high level of sensitivity that EMNG employs makes it very ideal for detecting peripheral nerve damage in its early stages. EMNG was the main technique used in a study to detect diabetic polyneuropathy, a serious condition that is progressive in nature.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Cvijanović|first=Milan|coauthors=Miroslav Ilan, Petar Slankamenac, Sofija Banić Horvat, and Zita Jovin|title=The Sensitivity of Electromyoneurography in the Diagnosis of Diabetic Polyneuropathy|journal=Medicinski Pregled|date=2011 Jan 1|year=2011|month=January|volume=64|issue=1/2|pages=11-14|pmid=21545063|url=http://openurl.ebscohost.com/linksvc/linking.aspx?genre=article&sid=PubMed&issn=0025-8105&title=Med%20Pregl&volume=64&issue=1-2&spage=11&atitle=The%20sensitivity%20of%20electromyoneurography%20in%20the%20diagnosis%20of%20diabetic%20polyneuropathy.&aulast=Cvijanovi%C4%87&date=2011|accessdate=2 March 2013}}</ref> |
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EMNG can also be used to measure patient recovery from surgical procedures, such as nerve repair. A study conducted on patients with proximal radial nerve injuries used EMNG to indicate the degree of both pre- and postoperative nerve damage.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Düz|first=Bülent|coauthors=Ïlker Solmaz, Erdinç Civelek, M Bülent Önal, Serhat Pusat, Mehmet Daneyemez|title=Analysis of proximal radial nerve injury in the arm|journal=Neurology India|year=2010|month=March|volume=58|issue=2|pages=230-234|pmid=20508341|url=http://0-search.ebscohost.com.libus.csd.mu.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=51693573&site=ehost-live|accessdate=2 March 2013}}</ref> In this particular study, EMNG was the preferred method of measuring recovery, chosen over magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) scans. |
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''Here we would describe its current day uses in the medical and other fields. We would describe contrasting views on the nature of the procedure (if any) and list its varying uses.'' |
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<references /> |
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'''Possible References''' |
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1. <http://rpmarqu.csd.mu.edu/plainsrcpq/docview/236927059/2/ /> |
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2. <Maurits, Natasha M. From Neurology to Methodology and Back: An Introduction to Clinical Neuroengineering. New York: Springer, 1120. Print /> |
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3. <http://www.metroatlantaotolaryngology.org/journal/apr08/PrognosticValueElectroneurographyElectromyography.pdf> |
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Revision as of 16:28, 21 March 2013
Electromyoneurography is the combined use of electromyography and electroneuronography[1]
References
- ^ Spiegel MB. Electromyoneurography. Am Fam Physician 1978 Nov;18(5):119-30.
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