Leiopelma: Difference between revisions
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==Extinct species== |
==Extinct species== |
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Three extinct species are known by [[subfossil]] remains. They became extinct during the past 1,000 years. |
Three extinct species are known by [[subfossil]] remains. They became extinct during the past 1,000 years. |
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* Genus ''Leiopelma'' |
* Genus ''†Leiopelma'' |
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** ''[[Leiopelma auroraensis]]'' |
** ''†[[Leiopelma auroraensis]]'' |
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** ''[[Leiopelma markhami]]'' |
** ''†[[Leiopelma markhami]]'' |
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** ''[[Leiopelma waitomoensis]]'' |
** ''†[[Leiopelma waitomoensis]]'' |
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==References== |
==References== |
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Revision as of 11:45, 16 June 2006
| New Zealand primitive frogs | |
|---|---|
| |
| Hochstetters Frog (Leiopelma hochstetteri) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | |
| Phylum: | |
| Class: | |
| Order: | |
| Suborder: | |
| Family: | Leiopelmatidae
|
| Genus: | Leiopelma Fitzinger, 1861
|
| Species | |
|
See text. | |
| File:Leiopelmatidae range zoomed.PNG | |
| Distribution of Leiopelmatidae (in black) | |
Leiopelmatidae, or New Zealand primitive frogs, belong to the suborder Archaeobatrachia. Their belonging to this suborder suggests they are an ancient family.[1][2] Only four species are known, or believed to belong to the family. Furthermore, as the common name suggests, they are only found in New Zealand.[3]
Their defining characteristics are the extra vertebrae (bringing the total to nine) and muscles allowing the capacity for tail wagging. The family Ascaphidae (found only in North America), of the same suborder, share these "unique" characteristics, and hence the two have often been described as related, or even part of the same family.
Physically, and again similar to ascaphidae, they are extremely small (5 centimetres). Preferring damp conditions, eggs are laid, fertilised, and after hatching the larvae nest in the male's back, all without the need for standing or flowing water. Lifespan may be long (more than 30 years) for such small organisms.[4]
Species
- Genus Leiopelma
- Archey's frog, Leiopelma archeyi Turbott, 1942
- Hamilton's frog, Leiopelma hamiltoni McCulloch, 1919
- Hochstetter's frog, Leiopelma hochstetteri Fitzinger, 1861
- Maud Island frog, Leiopelma pakeka Bell, Daugherty & Hay, 1998
Extinct species
Three extinct species are known by subfossil remains. They became extinct during the past 1,000 years.
- Genus †Leiopelma
References
- ^ Roelants, Kim (2005). "Archaeobatrachian paraphyly and pangaean diversification of crown-group frogs". Systematic Biology. 54: 111–126.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help); Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help) - ^ San Mauro, Diego (2005). "Initial diversification of living amphibians predated the breakup of Pangaea". American Naturalist. 165: 590–599.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help); Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help) - ^ "DOC: Photo-stage and Archey's Frog". Retrieved 2005-12-05.
- ^ Bell, Ben D. (2004). "The fate of a population of the endemic frog Leiopelma pakeka (Anura: Leiopelmatidae) translocated to restored habitat on Maud Island, New Zealand". New Zealand Journal of Zoology. 31: 123–131.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help)