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| noble family = [[House of Zähringen]]
| noble family = [[House of Zähringen]]
| father = [[Jacob, Margrave of Baden-Baden]]
| father = [[Jacob, Margrave of Baden-Baden]]
| mother = [[Catherine de Lorraine (1407—1439)|Catherine de Lorraine]]
| mother = [[Catherine of Lorraine, Margravine of Baden-Baden|Catherine of Lorraine]]
| spouse =
| spouse =
| birth_date = 1428 or 1429
| birth_date = 1428 or 1429
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| burial_place = St. Mary's Church in [[Moncalieri]]
| burial_place = St. Mary's Church in [[Moncalieri]]
}}
}}
[[Image:Bernhard II von Baden (Closeup).jpg| thumb | Bernard II of Baden, fountain sculpture in [[Freiburg Cathedral]] in honor of his patronage of the [[Archdiocese of Freiburg]]]]
[[Image:Bernhard II von Baden (Closeup).jpg| thumb |Bernhard II of Baden, fountain sculpture in [[Freiburg Cathedral]] in honor of his patronage of the [[Archdiocese of Freiburg]]]]
[[File:Stiftskirche_Seliger_Bernhard_von_Baden-Baden.JPG|thumb | upright | Statuette in the Collegiate Church in Baden-Baden]]
[[File:Stiftskirche_Seliger_Bernhard_von_Baden-Baden.JPG|thumb | upright | Statuette in the Collegiate Church in Baden-Baden]]
'''Bernard II of Baden''' (born: 1428 or 1429 at Hohenbaden Castle in [[Baden-Baden]]; died: 15 July 1458 in [[Moncalieri]], [[Turin]]), was the second son of Margrave [[Jacob, Margrave of Baden-Baden|Jacob of Baden]] and his wife, [[Catherine de Lorraine (1407—1439)|Catherine de Lorraine]]. He was born in the late 1520s at Hohenbaden Castle in [[Baden-Baden]]. His exact birth date is unknown. He was [[beatified]] by the [[Roman Catholic Church]] in 1769.
'''Bernhard II of Baden''' (born: 1428 or 1429 at Hohenbaden Castle in [[Baden-Baden]]; died: 15 July 1458 in [[Moncalieri]], [[Turin]]), was the second son of Margrave [[Jacob, Margrave of Baden-Baden|Jacob of Baden]] and his wife, [[Catherine of Lorraine, Margravine of Baden-Baden|Catherine of Lorraine]]. He was born in the late 1520s at Hohenbaden Castle in [[Baden-Baden]]. His exact birth date is unknown. He was [[beatified]] by the [[Roman Catholic Church]] in 1769.


== Life ==
== Life ==
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Bernard II received a careful education, which would prepare him for his later role as a sovereign. The intent was that he would be Margrave of [[Pforzheim]], [[County of Eberstein|Eberstein]], [[Besigheim]] and several [[Amt (country subdivision)|districts]] in the northern part of the Margraviate.
Bernard II received a careful education, which would prepare him for his later role as a sovereign. The intent was that he would be Margrave of [[Pforzheim]], [[County of Eberstein|Eberstein]], [[Besigheim]] and several [[Amt (country subdivision)|districts]] in the northern part of the Margraviate.


Bernard II was related to the [[Habsburg]] dynasty via his older brother [[Charles I, Margrave of Baden-Baden|Charles I]], who had married [[Catherine of Austria (1420-1493)|Catherine of Austria]], a sister of Emperor [[Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor|Frederick III]]. This relationship should give Bernard access to the imperial court. But first, he assisted his uncle [[René of Anjou]] in an armed conflict in northern Italy. According to contemporary sources, he fought bravely. After his father's death in 1453, he returned to Baden, where he agreed with his brother to give up his claim to part of the margraviate.<ref name="hasenauer">Volker Hasenauer: ''Ritter und frommer Diplomat'', in: ''Konradsblatt'', issue of 23 January 2011, p. 20-23</ref> Instead, he became Frederick III's personal envoy, despite his young age.
Bernard II was related to the [[Habsburg]] dynasty via his older brother [[Karl I, Margrave of Baden-Baden|Karl I]], who had married [[Catherine of Austria (1420–1493)|Catherine of Austria]], a sister of Emperor [[Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor|Frederick III]]. This relationship should give Bernard access to the imperial court. But first, he assisted his uncle [[René of Anjou]] in an armed conflict in northern Italy. According to contemporary sources, he fought bravely. After his father's death in 1453, he returned to Baden, where he agreed with his brother to give up his claim to part of the margraviate.<ref name="hasenauer">Volker Hasenauer: ''Ritter und frommer Diplomat'', in: ''Konradsblatt'', issue of 23 January 2011, p. 20-23</ref> Instead, he became Frederick III's personal envoy, despite his young age.


Bernard II saw a number of disgraceful situations and tried to alleviate hardship and poverty wherever he could. He spent most of his income assisting the poor and those in need. Even during his lifetime he impressed his contemporaries with his unusual piety.
Bernard II saw a number of disgraceful situations and tried to alleviate hardship and poverty wherever he could. He spent most of his income assisting the poor and those in need. Even during his lifetime he impressed his contemporaries with his unusual piety.
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== Aftermath ==
== Aftermath ==
[[File:Bh Stadtkirche Innen Altar.jpg| thumb | left | High altar in the church in [[Babenhausen]], donated by Sibylle of Baden. Bernard II of Baden is on the left wing on the inside]]
[[File:Bh Stadtkirche Innen Altar.jpg| thumb | left | High altar in the church in [[Babenhausen]], donated by Sibylle of Baden. Bernhard II of Baden is on the left wing on the inside]]
His grave in the St. Mary's Church in [[Moncalieri]] quickly became the destination of [[pilgrimage]]s by devout Christians. Allegedly, many miraculous healings occurred at his grave. He was [[beatified]] in 1769. On the occasion of Bernard's beatification, Margrave [[August Georg Simpert, Margrave of Baden-Baden|August Georg Simpert]] constructed the ''Bernhardus'' fountain in [[Rastatt]]. Allegedly, having Bernard [[canonized]] was considered too expensive.<ref name="wettstein">Rika Wettstein: ''[http://www.bad-bad.de/bernhard/bernard_9.htm Baden-Baden - Der ultimative Stadtführer - Markgraf Bernhard von Baden]'', 2001, viewed on 30 Januar 2011</ref>
His grave in the St. Mary's Church in [[Moncalieri]] quickly became the destination of [[pilgrimage]]s by devout Christians. Allegedly, many miraculous healings occurred at his grave. He was [[beatified]] in 1769. On the occasion of Bernard's beatification, Margrave [[August Georg Simpert, Margrave of Baden-Baden|August Georg Simpert]] constructed the ''Bernhardus'' fountain in [[Rastatt]]. Allegedly, having Bernhard [[canonized]] was considered too expensive.<ref name="wettstein">Rika Wettstein: ''[http://www.bad-bad.de/bernhard/bernard_9.htm Baden-Baden - Der ultimative Stadtführer - Markgraf Bernhard von Baden]'', 2001, viewed on 30 Januar 2011</ref>


After his beatification, the Catholic [[Margraviate of Baden-Baden]] chose him as its patron saint and celebrated this event on 24 July 1770;<ref name="wettstein"/> the [[Archdiocese of Freiburg]] still reveres him today as its [[patron saint|patron]]. At least one miracle is said to have taken place in Freiburg.<ref name="bz">[[Badische Zeitung]] of 15 January 2011: [http://www.badische-zeitung.de/bernhard-von-baden-soll-heiliggesprochen-werden ''Bernhard von Baden soll heiliggesprochen werden'']</ref> His feast day is 15 July.
After his beatification, the Catholic [[Margraviate of Baden-Baden]] chose him as its patron saint and celebrated this event on 24 July 1770;<ref name="wettstein"/> the [[Archdiocese of Freiburg]] still reveres him today as its [[patron saint|patron]]. At least one miracle is said to have taken place in Freiburg.<ref name="bz">''[[Badische Zeitung]]'' of 15 January 2011: [http://www.badische-zeitung.de/bernhard-von-baden-soll-heiliggesprochen-werden ''Bernhard von Baden soll heiliggesprochen werden'']</ref> His feast day is 15 July.


His great-niece, [[Sibylle of Baden]], who was married to Count [[Philip III, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg|Philip III of Hanau-Lichtenberg]], founded a high altar in the St. Nicholas church in [[Babenhausen]] on which Bernard is shown on its left wing on the inside.
His great-niece, [[Sibylle of Baden]], who was married to Count [[Philipp III, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg|Philipp III of Hanau-Lichtenberg]], founded a high altar in the St. Nicholas church in [[Babenhausen]] on which Bernhard is shown on its left wing on the inside.


His [[canonization]] is still being pursued. On 16 May 2011, Archbishop [[Robert Zollitsch]] of Freiburg published a public appeal in the official journal of his archdiocese.<ref>''[http://www.ordinariat-freiburg.de/fileadmin/gemeinsam/amtsblatt/abl11_14.pdf 14. Amtsblatt der Erzdiözese Freiburg]'', 17 June 2011, viewed on 2 September 2011</ref> Public discussion started on 17 June 2011.
His [[canonization]] is still being pursued. On 16 May 2011, Archbishop [[Robert Zollitsch]] of Freiburg published a public appeal in the official journal of his archdiocese.<ref>''[http://www.ordinariat-freiburg.de/fileadmin/gemeinsam/amtsblatt/abl11_14.pdf 14. Amtsblatt der Erzdiözese Freiburg]'', 17 June 2011, viewed on 2 September 2011</ref> Public discussion started on 17 June 2011.
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== External links ==
== External links ==
{{Commons category|Bernard II, Margrave of Baden}}
{{Commons category|Bernhard II, Margrave of Baden}}
* {{DNB-Portal|11865635X}}
* {{DNB-Portal|11865635X}}
* {{BBKL|b/bernhard_ii_v_b}}
* {{BBKL|b/bernhard_ii_v_b}}
* [http://www.bad-bad.de/bernhard/ Margrave Bernard II of Baden]
* [http://www.bad-bad.de/bernhard/ Margrave Bernhard II of Baden]


{{S-start}}
{{S-start}}
{{S-hou|[[House of Zähringen]]||1428 or 1429|15 July|1458}}
{{S-hou|[[House of Zähringen]]||1428 or 1429|15 July|1458}}
{{S-bef|before=[[Jacob, Margrave of Baden-Baden|Jacob]]}}
{{S-bef|before=[[Jacob, Margrave of Baden-Baden|Jacob]]}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[List of rulers of Baden|Margrave of Baden-Baden]]|years=1453-1458|with=[[Charles I, Margrave of Baden-Baden|Charles I]]}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[Margrave of Baden-Baden]]|years=1453-1458|with=[[Karl I, Margrave of Baden-Baden|Karl I]]}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Charles I, Margrave of Baden-Baden|Charles I]]}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Karl I, Margrave of Baden-Baden|Karl I]]}}
{{S-end}}
{{S-end}}


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{{Persondata
{{Persondata
| NAME = Bernard II, Margrave of Baden
| NAME = Bernhard II, Margrave of Baden
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES = Blessed Bernard of Baden; Bernhard II. von Baden (German)
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES = Blessed Bernhard of Baden; Bernhard II. von Baden (German)
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Margrave of Baden-Baden
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Margrave of Baden-Baden
| DATE OF BIRTH = 1428 or 1429
| DATE OF BIRTH = 1428 or 1429
| PLACE OF BIRTH = [[Baden-Baden]]
| PLACE OF BIRTH = [[Baden-Baden]]
| DATE OF DEATH = 15 July 1458
| DATE OF DEATH = 15 July 1458
| PLACE OF DEATH = [[Moncalieri]], [[Italy]]
| PLACE OF DEATH = [[Moncalieri]], Italy]
}}
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bernard 02 Baden}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bernhard 02 Baden}}
[[Category:House of Zähringen]]
[[Category:House of Zähringen]]
[[Category:Margraves of Baden-Baden]]
[[Category:Margraves of Baden-Baden]]

Revision as of 23:16, 17 July 2014

Bernard II, Margrave of Baden
Bernard II of Baden, depicted on the altar of the church in Babenhausen
Born1428 or 1429
Hohenbaden Castle, Baden-Baden
Died(1458-07-15)15 July 1458
Moncalieri, near Turin
BuriedSt. Mary's Church in Moncalieri
Noble familyHouse of Zähringen
FatherJacob, Margrave of Baden-Baden
MotherCatherine of Lorraine
Bernhard II of Baden, fountain sculpture in Freiburg Cathedral in honor of his patronage of the Archdiocese of Freiburg
Statuette in the Collegiate Church in Baden-Baden

Bernhard II of Baden (born: 1428 or 1429 at Hohenbaden Castle in Baden-Baden; died: 15 July 1458 in Moncalieri, Turin), was the second son of Margrave Jacob of Baden and his wife, Catherine of Lorraine. He was born in the late 1520s at Hohenbaden Castle in Baden-Baden. His exact birth date is unknown. He was beatified by the Roman Catholic Church in 1769.

Life

Bernard II of Baden grew up in a deeply religious family. His father, for example, founded Fremersberg Abbey and expanded the Collegiate Church in Baden-Baden.

Bernard II received a careful education, which would prepare him for his later role as a sovereign. The intent was that he would be Margrave of Pforzheim, Eberstein, Besigheim and several districts in the northern part of the Margraviate.

Bernard II was related to the Habsburg dynasty via his older brother Karl I, who had married Catherine of Austria, a sister of Emperor Frederick III. This relationship should give Bernard access to the imperial court. But first, he assisted his uncle René of Anjou in an armed conflict in northern Italy. According to contemporary sources, he fought bravely. After his father's death in 1453, he returned to Baden, where he agreed with his brother to give up his claim to part of the margraviate.[1] Instead, he became Frederick III's personal envoy, despite his young age.

Bernard II saw a number of disgraceful situations and tried to alleviate hardship and poverty wherever he could. He spent most of his income assisting the poor and those in need. Even during his lifetime he impressed his contemporaries with his unusual piety.

Under pressure, after the fall of Constantinople to the Turks in 1453, the imperial Habsburg family began preparing a crusade against the expanding Ottoman Empire. Bernard II was sent to the European princely houses to promote this project. He died of the plague during one of these visits, on 15 July 1458 in Moncalieri in northern Italy. Bernardo, as they call him, is revered to this day by many people in this region.

Aftermath

High altar in the church in Babenhausen, donated by Sibylle of Baden. Bernhard II of Baden is on the left wing on the inside

His grave in the St. Mary's Church in Moncalieri quickly became the destination of pilgrimages by devout Christians. Allegedly, many miraculous healings occurred at his grave. He was beatified in 1769. On the occasion of Bernard's beatification, Margrave August Georg Simpert constructed the Bernhardus fountain in Rastatt. Allegedly, having Bernhard canonized was considered too expensive.[2]

After his beatification, the Catholic Margraviate of Baden-Baden chose him as its patron saint and celebrated this event on 24 July 1770;[2] the Archdiocese of Freiburg still reveres him today as its patron. At least one miracle is said to have taken place in Freiburg.[3] His feast day is 15 July.

His great-niece, Sibylle of Baden, who was married to Count Philipp III of Hanau-Lichtenberg, founded a high altar in the St. Nicholas church in Babenhausen on which Bernhard is shown on its left wing on the inside.

His canonization is still being pursued. On 16 May 2011, Archbishop Robert Zollitsch of Freiburg published a public appeal in the official journal of his archdiocese.[4] Public discussion started on 17 June 2011.

References

  • Christine Schmitt: Der selige Bernhard von Baden in Text und Kontext 1858–1958. Hagiographie als engagierte Geschichtsdeutung = Schriften zur südwestdeutschen Landeskunde, issue 46, DRW-Verlag, Leinfelden-Echterdingen, 2002, ISBN 3-7995-5246-4
  • Friedrich von Weech (1875), "Bernhard II. (Markgraf von Baden)", Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 2, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, p. 416
  • H. Dietrich Siebert (1955), "Bernhard II.", Neue Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 2, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 109–109
  1. ^ Volker Hasenauer: Ritter und frommer Diplomat, in: Konradsblatt, issue of 23 January 2011, p. 20-23
  2. ^ a b Rika Wettstein: Baden-Baden - Der ultimative Stadtführer - Markgraf Bernhard von Baden, 2001, viewed on 30 Januar 2011
  3. ^ Badische Zeitung of 15 January 2011: Bernhard von Baden soll heiliggesprochen werden
  4. ^ 14. Amtsblatt der Erzdiözese Freiburg, 17 June 2011, viewed on 2 September 2011

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bernhard II, Margrave of Baden.
Bernhard II, Margrave of Baden-Baden
Born: 1428 or 1429 Died: 15 July 1458
Preceded by Margrave of Baden-Baden
1453-1458
With: Karl I 		Succeeded by

Template:Translation/Ref

Template:Persondata

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