Penile cancer: Difference between revisions
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'''Penile cancer''' |
'''Penile cancer''' occurs in about 1 in 600 among uncircumcised men in the United States[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7377156&dopt=Abstract]against an overall incidence of 1 in 100,000 across the genral male population.[http://www.cancer.org/docroot/CRI/content/CRI_2_4_1X_What_are_the_key_statistics_for_penile_cancer_35.asp?sitearea=]The overall 5-year survival rate for all stages of penile cancer is about 50%. |
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It is established that childhood |
It is established that childhood circumcision reduces the incidence of penile cancer. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11196386&dopt=Abstract][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11144896&dopt=Abstract][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7377156&dopt=Abstract][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11405332&dopt=Abstract][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10643514&dopt=Abstract][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10699138&dopt=Abstract] Notwithstanding the above, the [[American Cancer Society]] noted in a 1998 statement: |
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: "... penile cancer risk is low in some uncircumcised populations, and circumcision is strongly associated with other socioethnic practices that are associated with lessened risk. The consensus among studies that have taken these other factors into account is that circumcision alone is not the major factor preventing cancer of the penis. It is important that the issue of circumcision not distract the public's attention from avoiding known penile cancer risk factors -- having unprotected sexual relations with multiple partners (increasing the likelihood of human papillomavirus infection) and cigarette smoking."[http://www.cancer.org/docroot/CRI/content/CRI_2_4_2X_What_are_the_risk_factors_for_penile_cancer_35.asp?sitearea=] |
: "... penile cancer risk is low in some uncircumcised populations, and circumcision is strongly associated with other socioethnic practices that are associated with lessened risk. The consensus among studies that have taken these other factors into account is that circumcision alone is not the major factor preventing cancer of the penis. It is important that the issue of circumcision not distract the public's attention from avoiding known penile cancer risk factors -- having unprotected sexual relations with multiple partners (increasing the likelihood of human papillomavirus infection) and cigarette smoking."[http://www.cancer.org/docroot/CRI/content/CRI_2_4_2X_What_are_the_risk_factors_for_penile_cancer_35.asp?sitearea=] |
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Since this statement was made it has been established that the lack of circumcision increases the risk of HPV infection in males and thereby the risk of developing penile cancer.[http://content.nejm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=short&pmid=11948269][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=15388997][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=12238658] |
Since this statement was made it has been established that the lack of circumcision increases the risk of HPV infection in males and thereby the risk of developing penile cancer.[http://content.nejm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=short&pmid=11948269][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=15388997][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=12238658] |
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The American Medical Association and the Royal Australasian College of Physicians say the use of infant circumcision to prevent penile cancer in adult men is not justified. [http://www.ama-assn.org/ama/pub/article/2036-2511.html] [http://www.racp.edu.au/hpu/paed/circumcision/summary.htm] |
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[[Category:Oncology]] |
[[Category:Oncology]] |
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Revision as of 16:57, 30 September 2004
Penile cancer occurs in about 1 in 600 among uncircumcised men in the United States[1]against an overall incidence of 1 in 100,000 across the genral male population.[2]The overall 5-year survival rate for all stages of penile cancer is about 50%.
It is established that childhood circumcision reduces the incidence of penile cancer. [3][4][5][6][7][8] Notwithstanding the above, the American Cancer Society noted in a 1998 statement:
- "... penile cancer risk is low in some uncircumcised populations, and circumcision is strongly associated with other socioethnic practices that are associated with lessened risk. The consensus among studies that have taken these other factors into account is that circumcision alone is not the major factor preventing cancer of the penis. It is important that the issue of circumcision not distract the public's attention from avoiding known penile cancer risk factors -- having unprotected sexual relations with multiple partners (increasing the likelihood of human papillomavirus infection) and cigarette smoking."[9]
Since this statement was made it has been established that the lack of circumcision increases the risk of HPV infection in males and thereby the risk of developing penile cancer.[10][11][12]