Social apartheid: Difference between revisions
nothing has been removed, but merged back into the main article in a NPOV manner |
rv unexplained move (how on earth can this be a POV-fork?!) – at any rate , "social apartheid" is a much more sourced, sourceable, and conceptually robust concept than "allegations of apartheid" |
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{{Allegations of apartheid}} |
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'''Social apartheid''' refers to de facto segregation on the basis of class or economic status in which an [[underclass]] develops which is separated from the rest of the population.<ref>[http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/article376528.ece Charles Murray. The advantages of social apartheid. US experience shows Britain what to do with its underclass – get it off the streets. The Sunday Times. April 3, 2005.]</ref> |
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==Latin America== |
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The term has become common in [[Latin America]] in particular in societies where the polarization between rich and poor has become pronounced and has been identified in public policy as a problem that needs to be overcome, such as in [[Venezuela]] where the supporters of [[Hugo Chavez]] identify social apartheid as a reality which the wealthy try to maintain<ref>[http://www.venezuelanalysis.com/articles.php?artno=1279 Paul-Emile Dupret. Help Venezuela Break Down Social Apartheid. Le Soir. Tuesday, Sep 14, 2004.]</ref> and [[Brazil]], where the term was coined to describe a situation where wealthy neighbourhoods are protected from the general population by walls, electric barbed wire and private security guards<ref>[http://www.logosjournal.com/lowy.htm Michael Lowy. The Long March of Brazil's Labor Party. Brazil: A Country Marked by Social Apartheid. Logos, vol.2 no.2, Spring 2003]</ref> and where inhabitants of the poor slums are subjected to violence.<ref>[http://www.gse.harvard.edu/~t656_web/peace/Articles_Spring_2004/Pfannl_Emilia_Poverty_violence_Brazil_slums.htm Emilia R. Pfannl. The Other War Zone: Poverty and Violence in the Slums of Brazil. Damocles (Harvard Graduate School of Education), April 5, 2004 Edition.]</ref> |
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==Europe== |
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The term social apartheid has also been used to explain and describe the ghettoization of Muslim immigrants to Europe in impoverished suburbs<ref>[http://www.globalresearch.ca/index.php?context=viewArticle&code=COL20051122&articleId=1311 Michel Collon. Racism and Social Apartheid. French Suburbs: 10 Questions. Global Research, November 22, 2005.]</ref> and as a cause of rioting and other violence. |
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==South Africa== |
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In [[South Africa]], the term "social apartheid" has been used to describe persistent post-[[apartheid]] forms of exclusion and de facto segregation which exist based on class but which have a racial component due to the fact that the poor are almost entirely African.<ref>[http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-65654982.html Kate Stanley. Call of the conscience; As circumstances focus Western eyes on Africa, American visitors find the place less a mystery than they expected. Star Tribune (Minneapolis, MN), October 1, 2000.]</ref><ref>[http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-4551499.html Andrew Kopkind. A reporter's notebook; facing South Africa. The Nation: November 22, 1986.]</ref> "Social apartheid" has been cited as a factor in the composition of [[HIV]]/[[AIDS]] in South Africa.<ref>[http://digital.library.villanova.edu/Villanova%20Digital%20Collection/Falvey%20Scholars/2004/2004-00006.xml Rochelle R. Davidson. HIV/AIDS in South Africa: A Rhetorical and Social Apartheid. Villanova University (2004).]</ref> |
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==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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==See Also== |
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* [[urban apartheid]] |
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* [[Multiculturalism]] |
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[[Category:Apartheid]] |
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[[Category:Apartheid in South Africa]] |
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[[Category:South African society]] |
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[[Category:Brazilian society]] |
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[[Category:Venezuelan society]] |
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[[Category:French society]] |
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[[Category:New Zealand society]] |
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[[Category:Poverty]] |
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[[Category:Political science terms]] |
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Revision as of 20:16, 30 July 2007
Template:Allegations of apartheid Social apartheid refers to de facto segregation on the basis of class or economic status in which an underclass develops which is separated from the rest of the population.[1]
Latin America
The term has become common in Latin America in particular in societies where the polarization between rich and poor has become pronounced and has been identified in public policy as a problem that needs to be overcome, such as in Venezuela where the supporters of Hugo Chavez identify social apartheid as a reality which the wealthy try to maintain[2] and Brazil, where the term was coined to describe a situation where wealthy neighbourhoods are protected from the general population by walls, electric barbed wire and private security guards[3] and where inhabitants of the poor slums are subjected to violence.[4]
Europe
The term social apartheid has also been used to explain and describe the ghettoization of Muslim immigrants to Europe in impoverished suburbs[5] and as a cause of rioting and other violence.
South Africa
In South Africa, the term "social apartheid" has been used to describe persistent post-apartheid forms of exclusion and de facto segregation which exist based on class but which have a racial component due to the fact that the poor are almost entirely African.[6][7] "Social apartheid" has been cited as a factor in the composition of HIV/AIDS in South Africa.[8]
References
- ^ Charles Murray. The advantages of social apartheid. US experience shows Britain what to do with its underclass – get it off the streets. The Sunday Times. April 3, 2005.
- ^ Paul-Emile Dupret. Help Venezuela Break Down Social Apartheid. Le Soir. Tuesday, Sep 14, 2004.
- ^ Michael Lowy. The Long March of Brazil's Labor Party. Brazil: A Country Marked by Social Apartheid. Logos, vol.2 no.2, Spring 2003
- ^ Emilia R. Pfannl. The Other War Zone: Poverty and Violence in the Slums of Brazil. Damocles (Harvard Graduate School of Education), April 5, 2004 Edition.
- ^ Michel Collon. Racism and Social Apartheid. French Suburbs: 10 Questions. Global Research, November 22, 2005.
- ^ Kate Stanley. Call of the conscience; As circumstances focus Western eyes on Africa, American visitors find the place less a mystery than they expected. Star Tribune (Minneapolis, MN), October 1, 2000.
- ^ Andrew Kopkind. A reporter's notebook; facing South Africa. The Nation: November 22, 1986.
- ^ Rochelle R. Davidson. HIV/AIDS in South Africa: A Rhetorical and Social Apartheid. Villanova University (2004).