Hemiptera: Difference between revisions
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<h1>campbell is a RE RE! ! ! ! ! ! </h1> |
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{{Taxobox |
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| color = pink |
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| name = Hemiptera |
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| image = Twolined3668.JPG |
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| image_caption = Two-lined spittlebug |
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| regnum = [[Animal]]ia |
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| phylum = [[Arthropod]]a |
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| classis = [[Insect]]a |
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| subclassis = [[Pterygota]] |
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| infraclassis = [[Neoptera]] |
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| ordo = '''Hemiptera''' |
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| ordo_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758 |
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| subdivision_ranks = Suborders |
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| subdivision = |
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[[Heteroptera]]<br> |
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[[Coleorrhyncha]]<br> |
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Homoptera:<br> |
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[[Sternorrhyncha]]<br> |
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[[Auchenorrhyncha]]<br> |
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}} |
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'''Hemiptera''' is an [[order (biology)|order]] of [[insect]]s, comprising some 67,500 known [[species]] in two [[suborder]]s, '''Heteroptera''' and '''Homoptera'''. Originally the Homoptera were treated as a separate order. Members of the Hemiptera, and of the Heteroptera in particular, are sometimes called "true bugs". The name "heteroptera" comes from their [[forewing]]s having both membranous and hard portions. It is also this which gives the order its name, ''hemiptera'', coming from the [[Greek_language|Greek]] for ''half-wing''. |
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Species of order Hemiptera occur worldwide; they are distinguished from all other insects by both adults and [[nymph (biology)|nymph]]s having piercing and sucking mouthparts housed in a long "beak". These are used mostly to feed on plant juices, but some species are adapted to suck [[blood]] from animals or other insects. |
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== Suborder Heteroptera == |
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''Main article: [[Heteroptera]]'' |
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25,000 known species in over 60 families: |
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* [[stink bug]]s or shield bugs (Pentatomidae and related families) |
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* [[Leaf footed bug]]s and [[squash bug]]s ([[Coreidae]]) |
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* [[seed bug]]s (Lygaeidae) |
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* [[Reduviidae|assassin bug]]s (Reduviidae) |
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* [[bedbug]]s and flower bugs (Cimicidae) |
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* [[leaf bug]]s or mirid bugs ([[Miridae]]; ''c.''6,000 species) |
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* [[back swimmer]]s (Notonectidae) |
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* [[giant water bug]]s (Belostomatidae) |
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* [[water scorpion]]s (Nepidae) |
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* [[water boatman| water boatmen]] (Corixidae) |
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* [[Gerridae|pond skater]]s (Gerridae) |
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* [[Veliidae|Smaller water strider]] (Veliidae) |
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==Suborders == |
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[[Image:Aphids1533.JPG|300px|right|frame|Aphids on unidentified plant]] |
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There are approximately 42,500 known species. |
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=== Suborder Auchenorrhyncha === |
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Cicadas and hoppers; 33,000 species in over 30 families. |
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* [[cicada]] (Cicadidae) |
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* [[froghopper]], spittlebug (Cercopidae and allied families) |
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* [[treehopper]] (Membracidae) |
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* [[leafhopper]] (Cicadellidae) |
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=== Suborder Sternorrhyncha === |
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12,500 species. |
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* [[aphid]]s ("greenfly", Aphididae) |
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* woolly and gall-making aphids ([[Eriosomatidae]], Pemphigidae) |
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* pine and spruce aphids (Adelgidae, Chermidae) |
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* phylloxerans (Phylloxeridae, including [[Phylloxera|Vine Phylloxera]]) |
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* [[whitefly]] (Aleyrodidae) |
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* [[jumping plant lice]] (Psyllidae) |
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* Superfamily Coccoidea ([[scale insect]]s) |
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** cottony cushion scales, giant coccids, and ground pearls ([[Margarodidae]]) |
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** [[armored scale]] (Diaspididae) |
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** [[cochineal]] (Dactylopiidae) |
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** [[lac scale]]s (Kerriidae, Lacciferidae) |
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** [[soft scale]]s (Coccidae) |
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** [[pit scale]]s (Asterolecaniidae) |
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** [[mealybug]]s (Pseudococcidae) |
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** [[felted scale]]s (Eriococcidae) |
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== External links == |
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* http://www.kendall-bioresearch.co.uk/hemip.htm |
* http://www.kendall-bioresearch.co.uk/hemip.htm |
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