Cotton–Mouton effect: Difference between revisions
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In [[physical optics]], the '''Cotton–Mouton effect''' refers to [[birefringence]] in a liquid in the presence of a constant transverse [[magnetic field]]. It is a similar but stronger effect than the [[Voigt effect]] (in which the medium is a gas instead of a liquid). The electric analog is the [[Kerr effect]]. |
In [[physical optics]], the '''Cotton–Mouton effect''' refers to [[birefringence]] in a liquid in the presence of a constant transverse [[magnetic field]]. It is a similar but stronger effect than the [[Voigt effect]] (in which the medium is a gas instead of a liquid). The electric analog is the [[Kerr effect]]. |
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It was discovered in |
It was discovered in 1905 by [[Aimé Cotton]] and [[Henri Mouton]], working in collaboration and publishing in {{ill|Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences|fr}}. |
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<ref>{{cite journal |
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| last1 = Cotton |
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| first1 = Aimé |
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| last2 = Mouton |
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| first2 = Henri |
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| date = 1905-07-31 |
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| title = Sur le phénomène de Majorana |
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| url = https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k3095m/f317.image.r=cotton |
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| journal = Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences |
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| volume = 141 |
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| pages = 317-319 |
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| access-date = 2022-11-18 |
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}}</ref> |
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<ref>{{cite journal |
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| last1 = Cotton |
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| first1 = Aimé |
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| last2 = Mouton |
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| first2 = Henri |
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| date = 1905-08-07 |
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| title = Sur la biréfringence magnétique. Nouveaux liquides actifs |
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| url = https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k3095m/f349.image.r=cotton |
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| journal = Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences |
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| volume = 141 |
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| pages = 349-351 |
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| access-date = 2022-11-18 |
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}}</ref> |
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When a linearly polarized wave propagates perpendicular to magnetic field (e.g. in a magnetized plasma), it can become elliptized. Because a linearly polarized wave is some combination of in-phase X & O modes, and because X & O waves propagate with different phase velocities, this causes elliptization of the emerging beam. As the waves propagate, the phase difference (δ) between E<sub>X</sub> & E<sub>O</sub> increases.<ref>{{Cite web |
When a linearly polarized wave propagates perpendicular to magnetic field (e.g. in a magnetized plasma), it can become elliptized. Because a linearly polarized wave is some combination of in-phase X & O modes, and because X & O waves propagate with different phase velocities, this causes elliptization of the emerging beam. As the waves propagate, the phase difference (δ) between E<sub>X</sub> & E<sub>O</sub> increases.<ref> |
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{{Cite web |
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| author=Eric W. Weisstein |
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| url=http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/physics/Cotton-MoutonEffect.html |
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| title=Cotton-Mouton Effect -- from Eric Weisstein's World of Physics |
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| publisher=Wolfram Research, Inc. |
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| access-date=25 October 2016 |
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}}</ref> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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Revision as of 21:09, 18 November 2022
In physical optics, the Cotton–Mouton effect refers to birefringence in a liquid in the presence of a constant transverse magnetic field. It is a similar but stronger effect than the Voigt effect (in which the medium is a gas instead of a liquid). The electric analog is the Kerr effect.
It was discovered in 1905 by Aimé Cotton and Henri Mouton, working in collaboration and publishing in Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences. [1] [2]
When a linearly polarized wave propagates perpendicular to magnetic field (e.g. in a magnetized plasma), it can become elliptized. Because a linearly polarized wave is some combination of in-phase X & O modes, and because X & O waves propagate with different phase velocities, this causes elliptization of the emerging beam. As the waves propagate, the phase difference (δ) between EX & EO increases.[3]
See also
References
- ^ Cotton, Aimé; Mouton, Henri (1905-07-31). "Sur le phénomène de Majorana". Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences. 141: 317–319. Retrieved 2022-11-18.
- ^ Cotton, Aimé; Mouton, Henri (1905-08-07). "Sur la biréfringence magnétique. Nouveaux liquides actifs". Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences. 141: 349–351. Retrieved 2022-11-18.
- ^ Eric W. Weisstein. "Cotton-Mouton Effect -- from Eric Weisstein's World of Physics". Wolfram Research, Inc. Retrieved 25 October 2016.