Oliver Brown (captain): Difference between revisions
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{{Biography}} |
{{Biography}} |
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''''''Captain Oliver Brown'''(b. June 25, 1753 - d. February 17, 1846)''' was a Captain in the Army during the American Revolutionary War<ref>{{cite web|url=https://militaryhallofhonor.com/honoree-record.php?id=2289|title = Military Hall of Honor}}</ref>. He led the group of soldiers who tore down the statue of King George III in New York City in 1776 <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nyhistory.org/blogs/horses-tail-new-york-historical-got-legendary-piece-king-george-iii-statue|title = A Horse's Tail: How a Legendary Piece of a King George III Statue Landed at New York Historical Society}}</ref>https://https://archive.org/details/biographicalsket00hayd_0|title = A Biographical Sketch of Captain Oliver Brown, Hayden, H.E.}}</ref>. |
''''''Captain Oliver Brown'''(b. June 25, 1753 - d. February 17, 1846)''' was a Captain in the Army during the [[American Revolutionary War]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://militaryhallofhonor.com/honoree-record.php?id=2289|title = Military Hall of Honor}}</ref>. He led the group of soldiers who tore down the statue of ([[George III]]|King George III in [[New York City]] in 1776 <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nyhistory.org/blogs/horses-tail-new-york-historical-got-legendary-piece-king-george-iii-statue|title = A Horse's Tail: How a Legendary Piece of a King George III Statue Landed at New York Historical Society}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://https://archive.org/details/biographicalsket00hayd_0|title = A Biographical Sketch of Captain Oliver Brown, Hayden, H.E.}}</ref>. |
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==Level 2== |
==Level 2==Life |
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Oliver Brown was born in Lexington, Massachusetts on June 25, 1753, to Benjamin Wellington Brown (1720-1802) and Sara (Reed) Brown (1725-1774). When he was around 9 years old, he was sent to Cambridge to reside with a Mr. Thatcher. The reason for this move is unknown. Because of his residence in Cambridge from that time, Oliver was able to witness the Boston Tea Party at the age of 14. Although he did not participate, he attributed his zeal for acts of revolution and patriotism to being a witness to the sight. According to Brown, "The very air was electric. In the tension of the popular mind, every sound and sight was significant." Other events young Oliver witnessed included the arrival of British troops in Boston in 1768, and the Boston Massacre in 1770 |
Oliver Brown was born in [[Lexington, Massachusetts]] on June 25, 1753, to Benjamin Wellington Brown (1720-1802) and Sara (Reed) Brown (1725-1774){{cn}}. When he was around 9 years old, he was sent to ([[Cambridge, Massachusetts]]|Cambridge to reside with a Mr. Thatcher. The reason for this move is unknown. Because of his residence in Cambridge from that time, Oliver was able to witness the [[Boston Tea Party]] at the age of 14. Although he did not participate, he attributed his zeal for acts of revolution and patriotism to being a witness to the sight. According to Brown, "The very air was electric. In the tension of the popular mind, every sound and sight was significant."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://https://archive.org/details/biographicalsket00hayd_0|title = A Biographical Sketch of Captain Oliver Brown, Hayden, H.E.}}</ref> Other events young Oliver witnessed included the arrival of British troops in Boston in 1768, and the [[Boston Massacre]] in 1770.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://https://archive.org/details/biographicalsket00hayd_0|title = A Biographical Sketch of Captain Oliver Brown, Hayden, H.E.}}</ref> His determination to be a part of the making of the United States led him to be at Lexington during the first major battle of the Revolutionary War, and he signed up with the Army to become a part of the troops who marched to Breed's Hill, built entrenchments, and successfully wounded and killed more enemy soldiers than there were in their own ranks.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://https://archive.org/details/biographicalsket00hayd_0|title = A Biographical Sketch of Captain Oliver Brown, Hayden, H.E.}}</ref> On January 16, 1776, Oliver Brown was commissioned as Captain-Lieutenant of the artillery. After Boston was evacuated, he moved with the Army to New York.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://https://archive.org/details/biographicalsket00hayd_0|title = A Biographical Sketch of Captain Oliver Brown, Hayden, H.E.}}</ref> |
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In 1776, Oliver married Abigail (Richardson) Brown (1756-1832), daughter of Edward and Mary Abigail Richardson. They had eleven children. In 1790, the Browns moved to the area in Virginia which is known as Wellsburg, West Virginia today. For three years, he served in the militia during the Indian wars. |
In 1776, Oliver married Abigail (Richardson) Brown (1756-1832), daughter of Edward and Mary Abigail Richardson{{cn}}. They had eleven children. In 1790, the Browns moved to the area in Virginia which is known as Wellsburg, West Virginia today. For three years, he served in the militia during the Indian wars.{{cn}} |
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Captain Brown had to seek to receive a pension for his service during the Revolutionary War<ref>https://www.weirtondailytimes.com/news/local-news/2020/07/official-from-american-revolution-settled-in-wellsburg/|title=personal letters of Oliver Brown held at Brooke County Museum and Cultural Center, Wellsburg, West Virginia</ref>, finally succeeding in 1840. He died on February 17, 1846, near Wellsburg. |
Captain Brown had to seek to receive a pension for his service during the Revolutionary War<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.weirtondailytimes.com/news/local-news/2020/07/official-from-american-revolution-settled-in-wellsburg/|title=personal letters of Oliver Brown held at Brooke County Museum and Cultural Center, Wellsburg, West Virginia</ref>, finally succeeding in 1840{{cn}}. He died on February 17, 1846, near Wellsburg.{{cn}} |
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==Level 2==Notable Military Actions |
==Level 2==Notable Military Actions |
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Oliver Brown was the leader of a group of men who toppled the gilded statue of King George III in New York City, which was later partially smelted to create bullets to use against the British Army. The removal of the statue was done without orders and under secrecy. When General George Washington heard of the destruction, he condemned the action, saying " |
Oliver Brown was the leader of a group of men who toppled the gilded statue of King George III in New York City <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nyhistory.org/blogs/horses-tail-new-york-historical-got-legendary-piece-king-george-iii-statue|title = A Horse's Tail: How a Legendary Piece of a King George III Statue Landed at New York Historical Society}}</ref>, which was later partially smelted to create bullets to use against the British Army. The removal of the statue was done without orders and under secrecy. When General George Washington heard of the destruction, he condemned the action, saying "Tho the General doubts not the persons who pulled down and mutilated the statue in the Broadway last night were actuated by zeal in the public cause, yet it has so much the appearance of riot and want of order in the army, that he disapproves the manner, and directs that in future these things shall be avoided by the soldiery, and left to be executed by proper authority."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://annotation.blogs.archives.gov/2014/07/09/three-huzzas-from-the-troops/|title=Three Huzzahs From the Troops, National Archives</ref> Oliver Brown was known to tell about his part in the event as something he regretted.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://https://archive.org/details/biographicalsket00hayd_0|title = A Biographical Sketch of Captain Oliver Brown, Hayden, H.E.}}</ref> |
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Commanded his men and two artillery pieces in the Battle of Harlem Heights, the Battle of White Plains, and at Bound Brook. |
Commanded his men and two artillery pieces in the Battle of Harlem Heights, the Battle of White Plains, and at Bound Brook.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://https://archive.org/details/biographicalsket00hayd_0|title = A Biographical Sketch of Captain Oliver Brown, Hayden, H.E.}}</ref> |
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Refused to retreat at Monmouth against Lee's orders, instead continuing to man the artillery. |
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Four years of service were under the personal command of General Washington. |
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Refused to retreat at Monmouth against Lee's orders, instead continuing to man the artillery.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://https://archive.org/details/biographicalsket00hayd_0|title = A Biographical Sketch of Captain Oliver Brown, Hayden, H.E.}}</ref> |
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Four years of service were under the personal command of General Washington.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://https://archive.org/details/biographicalsket00hayd_0|title = A Biographical Sketch of Captain Oliver Brown, Hayden, H.E.}}</ref> |
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==Level 2==Recognition |
==Level 2==Recognition |
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A monument stands near the gravesites of Oliver and Abigail Brown, to honor Captain Brown's part in the creation of the United States. The plaque at the base of the monument reads "Captain Oliver Brown, of the Artillery of the Massachusetts Line, Revolutionary War. Born in Lexington, Mass., 1752. He stood in front of the first cannon fired by the British on the Americans in the affray at Lexington. Witnessed the Tea Party, Boston Harbor. Was at the Battle of Bunker's Hill. Commissioned by Congress 16th of January, 1776. Commanded the volunteer party that bore off the leaden statue of King George from the Battery of New York, and made it into bullets for the American Army. Bore a conspicuous part in command of Artillery at the Battles of White Plains, Harlem Heights, Trenton, Princeton, Brandywine, Germantown, and Monmouth. After serving his country, he enlisted in the Armies of the Son of God, and surrendered to the last enemy on the 17th of February, 1846, in the full assurance of a never ending peace."{{cn}} |
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'Captain Oliver Brown'(b. June 25, 1753 - d. February 17, 1846) was a Captain in the Army during the American Revolutionary War[1]. He led the group of soldiers who tore down the statue of (George III|King George III in New York City in 1776 [2][3].
==Level 2==Life Oliver Brown was born in Lexington, Massachusetts on June 25, 1753, to Benjamin Wellington Brown (1720-1802) and Sara (Reed) Brown (1725-1774)[citation needed]. When he was around 9 years old, he was sent to (Cambridge, Massachusetts|Cambridge to reside with a Mr. Thatcher. The reason for this move is unknown. Because of his residence in Cambridge from that time, Oliver was able to witness the Boston Tea Party at the age of 14. Although he did not participate, he attributed his zeal for acts of revolution and patriotism to being a witness to the sight. According to Brown, "The very air was electric. In the tension of the popular mind, every sound and sight was significant."[4] Other events young Oliver witnessed included the arrival of British troops in Boston in 1768, and the Boston Massacre in 1770.[5] His determination to be a part of the making of the United States led him to be at Lexington during the first major battle of the Revolutionary War, and he signed up with the Army to become a part of the troops who marched to Breed's Hill, built entrenchments, and successfully wounded and killed more enemy soldiers than there were in their own ranks.[6] On January 16, 1776, Oliver Brown was commissioned as Captain-Lieutenant of the artillery. After Boston was evacuated, he moved with the Army to New York.[7]
In 1776, Oliver married Abigail (Richardson) Brown (1756-1832), daughter of Edward and Mary Abigail Richardson[citation needed]. They had eleven children. In 1790, the Browns moved to the area in Virginia which is known as Wellsburg, West Virginia today. For three years, he served in the militia during the Indian wars.[citation needed]
Captain Brown had to seek to receive a pension for his service during the Revolutionary War[8], finally succeeding in 1840[citation needed]. He died on February 17, 1846, near Wellsburg.[citation needed]
==Level 2==Notable Military Actions Oliver Brown was the leader of a group of men who toppled the gilded statue of King George III in New York City [9], which was later partially smelted to create bullets to use against the British Army. The removal of the statue was done without orders and under secrecy. When General George Washington heard of the destruction, he condemned the action, saying "Tho the General doubts not the persons who pulled down and mutilated the statue in the Broadway last night were actuated by zeal in the public cause, yet it has so much the appearance of riot and want of order in the army, that he disapproves the manner, and directs that in future these things shall be avoided by the soldiery, and left to be executed by proper authority."[10] Oliver Brown was known to tell about his part in the event as something he regretted.[11]
Commanded his men and two artillery pieces in the Battle of Harlem Heights, the Battle of White Plains, and at Bound Brook.[12]
Was a participant in the Christmas crossing of the Delaware and experienced the harsh conditions at Valley Forge.[13]
Refused to retreat at Monmouth against Lee's orders, instead continuing to man the artillery.[14]
Four years of service were under the personal command of General Washington.[15]
==Level 2==Recognition A monument stands near the gravesites of Oliver and Abigail Brown, to honor Captain Brown's part in the creation of the United States. The plaque at the base of the monument reads "Captain Oliver Brown, of the Artillery of the Massachusetts Line, Revolutionary War. Born in Lexington, Mass., 1752. He stood in front of the first cannon fired by the British on the Americans in the affray at Lexington. Witnessed the Tea Party, Boston Harbor. Was at the Battle of Bunker's Hill. Commissioned by Congress 16th of January, 1776. Commanded the volunteer party that bore off the leaden statue of King George from the Battery of New York, and made it into bullets for the American Army. Bore a conspicuous part in command of Artillery at the Battles of White Plains, Harlem Heights, Trenton, Princeton, Brandywine, Germantown, and Monmouth. After serving his country, he enlisted in the Armies of the Son of God, and surrendered to the last enemy on the 17th of February, 1846, in the full assurance of a never ending peace."[citation needed]
References
- ^ "Military Hall of Honor".
- ^ "A Horse's Tail: How a Legendary Piece of a King George III Statue Landed at New York Historical Society".
- ^ "A Biographical Sketch of Captain Oliver Brown, Hayden, H.E."
{{cite web}}: Check|url=value (help) - ^ "A Biographical Sketch of Captain Oliver Brown, Hayden, H.E."
{{cite web}}: Check|url=value (help) - ^ "A Biographical Sketch of Captain Oliver Brown, Hayden, H.E."
{{cite web}}: Check|url=value (help) - ^ "A Biographical Sketch of Captain Oliver Brown, Hayden, H.E."
{{cite web}}: Check|url=value (help) - ^ "A Biographical Sketch of Captain Oliver Brown, Hayden, H.E."
{{cite web}}: Check|url=value (help) - ^ {{cite web|url=https://www.weirtondailytimes.com/news/local-news/2020/07/official-from-american-revolution-settled-in-wellsburg/%7Ctitle=personal letters of Oliver Brown held at Brooke County Museum and Cultural Center, Wellsburg, West Virginia
- ^ "A Horse's Tail: How a Legendary Piece of a King George III Statue Landed at New York Historical Society".
- ^ {{cite web|url=https://annotation.blogs.archives.gov/2014/07/09/three-huzzas-from-the-troops/%7Ctitle=Three Huzzahs From the Troops, National Archives
- ^ "A Biographical Sketch of Captain Oliver Brown, Hayden, H.E."
{{cite web}}: Check|url=value (help) - ^ "A Biographical Sketch of Captain Oliver Brown, Hayden, H.E."
{{cite web}}: Check|url=value (help) - ^ "A Biographical Sketch of Captain Oliver Brown, Hayden, H.E."
{{cite web}}: Check|url=value (help) - ^ "A Biographical Sketch of Captain Oliver Brown, Hayden, H.E."
{{cite web}}: Check|url=value (help) - ^ "A Biographical Sketch of Captain Oliver Brown, Hayden, H.E."
{{cite web}}: Check|url=value (help)