Hermitage Hunting Lodge: Difference between revisions
Hemmingsen (talk | contribs) infobox; Category:Baroque architecture |
Jasper124c41 (talk | contribs) m →Name: fixed on (small) grammatical issue |
||
| Line 17: | Line 17: | ||
==Name== |
==Name== |
||
The Eremitage Palace has never been intended for residence, but for hosting royal tables during parforce hunts. It originally had a hoisting apparatus able to hoist the table from the basement to the dining room, allowing the King and his guests to dine without any waiters present, or ''"en ermitage"'' (in solitude), hence the name of the castle.<ref>{{cite book |last=Sestoft|first=Jørgen|coauthors=Christiansen, Jørgen Hegner|title=Guide til dansk arkitektur 1 - år 1000-1960|origyear=1991|edition=2. edition|year=1995|publisher=Arkitektens Forlag|location=Copenhagen|language=Danish|isbn=87-7407-158-0|pages=p. 107}}</ref> The apparatus was removed in the late 18th century as it was causing endless mechanical problems,<ref name=ses>{{cite web |url=http://www.ses.dk/398955f0 |title=The Eremitage Hunting Lodge|accessdate=2007-03-25|date=[[2005-12-01]]|publisher=Palaces and Properties Agency}}</ref> and no |
The Eremitage Palace has never been intended for residence, but for hosting royal tables during parforce hunts. It originally had a hoisting apparatus able to hoist the table from the basement to the dining room, allowing the King and his guests to dine without any waiters present, or ''"en ermitage"'' (in solitude), hence the name of the castle.<ref>{{cite book |last=Sestoft|first=Jørgen|coauthors=Christiansen, Jørgen Hegner|title=Guide til dansk arkitektur 1 - år 1000-1960|origyear=1991|edition=2. edition|year=1995|publisher=Arkitektens Forlag|location=Copenhagen|language=Danish|isbn=87-7407-158-0|pages=p. 107}}</ref> The apparatus was removed in the late 18th century as it was causing endless mechanical problems,<ref name=ses>{{cite web |url=http://www.ses.dk/398955f0 |title=The Eremitage Hunting Lodge|accessdate=2007-03-25|date=[[2005-12-01]]|publisher=Palaces and Properties Agency}}</ref> and no signs of it remain.<ref name=christiansen158>{{cite book|last=Christiansen|first=Torben|title=Dyrehaven|year=2005|publisher=Politikens Forlag|location=Copenhagen|language=Danish|isbn=87-567-7250-5|pages=p. 158}}</ref> The previous castle on the site, the Hubertus chalet, had a similar apparatus and was nicknamed {{lang|da|''Heremitagen''}} for the same reason.<ref name=bauditz10>{{cite book |last=Bauditz|first=Ove |authorlink= |coauthors= |editor= |others= |title=Jagtslottet Eremitagen i Jægersborg Dyrehave 1736-1936|series= |year=1936|publisher=Det Berlingske Bogtrykkeri|location=Copenhagen|language=Danish|pages=p. 10|chapter=Eremitagen 1736-1936}}</ref> |
||
==History== |
==History== |
||
Revision as of 23:21, 29 March 2007
| Eremitage Palace | |
|---|---|
 The Eremitage Palace seen from west | |
 | |
| General information | |
| Architectural style | Baroque |
| Town or city | Dyrehaven |
| Country | Denmark |
| Construction started | 1734 |
| Completed | 1736 |
| Cost | 18,000 rigsdaler |
| Client | Christian VI of Denmark |
| Design and construction | |
| Architect(s) | Lauritz de Thurah |
The Eremitage Palace or the Eremitage Hunting Lodge (Danish: [Eremitageslottet] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help) or [Eremitagen] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help)) is located in Dyrehaven north of Copenhagen, Denmark. The palace was built by architect Lauritz de Thurah in Baroque style from 1734 to 1736 for Christian VI of Denmark, to host royal tables during parforce hunts.
Name
The Eremitage Palace has never been intended for residence, but for hosting royal tables during parforce hunts. It originally had a hoisting apparatus able to hoist the table from the basement to the dining room, allowing the King and his guests to dine without any waiters present, or "en ermitage" (in solitude), hence the name of the castle.[1] The apparatus was removed in the late 18th century as it was causing endless mechanical problems,[2] and no signs of it remain.[3] The previous castle on the site, the Hubertus chalet, had a similar apparatus and was nicknamed [Heremitagen] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help) for the same reason.[4]
History
The area surrounding the palace was fenced as Jægersborg Dyrehave on the initiative of Frederick III, beginning in 1699.[5] The project was not completed in his lifetime, and Christian V changed the plans for the fencing to include a much larger area in order to facilitate parforce hunting. The fencing resulted in a compulsory relocation of the residents, and among other things the village of Stokkerup was abolished, and today only the village pond remains, south of the palace.
The first palace on the site, the Hubertus chalet (Danish: Hubertushuset), was built by Hans van Steenwinckel III for Christian V, and it was completed around 1694.[4] It was a half-timbered house in two storeys,[2] but the structure was most likely far too weak,[6] and in spite of extensive repairs in 1731, the chalet was in such a poor condition in 1734 that it was deemed necessary to tear it down and Lauritz de Thurah was hired to built a new palace on the site.[7] The palace was built during 1734 to 1736 during the reign of Christian VI at a total cost of about 18,000 rigsdaler.[8]
A planned renovation in 1786 was cancelled, as the estimated cost of 3,000 rigsdaler was considered to high.[9] In 1790 the decision to tear the castle down was made,[9] but the decision was not popular among everyone. Count Rantzau launched a defence of the palace and asked the king for permission to acquire it as his private property in exchange for Rantzau residence in Jægersborg and for giving the king access to the palace. In 1794, the project succeeded, and Rantzau began a renovation of the palace at a cost of 4,000 rigsdaler.[3] It did not take long for Rantzau to find the location of the palace inconvenient and remote, however. He decided to sell and by 1797 the palace was royal property again.
In 1798, architect Johan Boye Junge Magens initiated yet another round of repairs, an in the process many of the exterior sculptures and decorations were removed. Magens was, as fashion dictated, eager to rid the building of the decorations that made it typical of its time.[10]
In the early 19th century, after the Treaty of Kiel, Frederick VI changed the use of Dyrehaven; the area was now mainly used for military exercises. The palace was still in use, but mainly for lunches for the king and officers. When Christian VIII becomes king in 1839, the hunts resume. Additionally, the palace becomes the center of large, public gatherings, and in this period it is often the site of political negotiations. It was 5 June 1854 the center of the first, large celebration of the Constitution of Denmark during which 30,000 people assembled in front of the palace.[11]
During the 1890s, architect Ferdinand Meldahl supervised a thorough renovation taking great care to restore the original exterior decorations of the palace. The interior decorations, which had been painted over, were cleaned up and renovated with an almost religious attention to the original works.[11]
Today the castle by the Palaces and Properties Agency, a department of the Ministry of Finance and is made available to the royal family.
References
- ^ Sestoft, Jørgen (1995) [1991]. Guide til dansk arkitektur 1 - år 1000-1960 (in Danish) (2. edition ed.). Copenhagen: Arkitektens Forlag. pp. p. 107. ISBN 87-7407-158-0.
{{cite book}}:|edition=has extra text (help);|pages=has extra text (help); Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ a b "The Eremitage Hunting Lodge". Palaces and Properties Agency. 2005-12-01. Retrieved 2007-03-25.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ a b Christiansen, Torben (2005). Dyrehaven (in Danish). Copenhagen: Politikens Forlag. pp. p. 158. ISBN 87-567-7250-5.
{{cite book}}:|pages=has extra text (help) - ^ a b Bauditz, Ove (1936). "Eremitagen 1736-1936". Jagtslottet Eremitagen i Jægersborg Dyrehave 1736-1936 (in Danish). Copenhagen: Det Berlingske Bogtrykkeri. pp. p. 10.
{{cite book}}:|pages=has extra text (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help) - ^ Christiansen, p.14
- ^ Christiansen, p. 154
- ^ Bauditz, pp. 26-7
- ^ Bauditz, p. 30
- ^ a b Bauditz, p. 49
- ^ Christiansen, p. 159
- ^ a b Christiansen, p. 161