Sindhi Sammat: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Sindhi community}} |
{{Short description|Sindhi community}} |
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The '''Sammat''' ({{Lang-sd|سنڌي سماٽ}}; ''sammāṭ'') is the [[Indigenous peoples|indigenous]] community of [[Sindhis|Sindhi]] people consisting of old local [[tribes]], they are a large community in [[Sindhis|Sindhi Muslims]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Jones |first1=Allen Keith |title=Politics in Sindh, 1907 - 1940: Muslim identity and the demand for Pakistan |date=2003 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford |isbn=9780195795936 |page=4 |quote=The vast majority of the Sindhi Muslim population—roughly 70 per cent—comprised of Pukka Sindhis, persons belonging to the Jat, Sammat....}}</ref> [[Hindu]] Sammats are also extant.{{sfn|Hussain|2022|page=476}} |
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{{Original research|date=July 2024}}}} |
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The '''Sammat''' ({{Lang-sd|سنڌي سماٽ}}) is the [[Indigenous peoples|indigenous]] community of [[Sindhis|Sindhi]] people, they are the largest community of Sindhi Muslims.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Pirzada |first=Din Ali |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XHzjAAAAMAAJ&q=sindhi+sammat |title=Growth of Muslim Nationalism in Sindh: Parting of Ways to Pakistan |date=1995 |publisher=Mehran Publishers |language=en |quote=Sindh inhabits Muslim population consisting of various races and tribes. The vast majority of Sindhi Muslims {{sic|comprises |hide=y|of}} Pukka Muslims belonging to Jat, Sammat....}}</ref>{{pn|date=July 2024}} |
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Sammat refers to Sindhis with indigenous origins.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Weekes |first1=Richard V. |title=Muslims Peoples: A World Ethnographic Survey; Second Edition, Revised and Expanded |date=1984 |publisher=Greenwood Press |location=Westport, Conn |isbn=0-313-23392-6 |page=685 |quote=Sammat to refer to those Sindhis with indigenous origins |edition=Second}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Abdulla |first1=Ahmed |title=The Historical Background of Pakistan and Its People |date=1973 |publisher=Tanzeem Publishers |page=96 |url=https://books.google.com.pk/books/about/The_Historical_Background_of_Pakistan_an.html?id=pfQLAAAAIAAJ |language=en |quote=Among others are the Bhuttos, Bhattis, Lakha, Sahetas, Lohanas, Mohano, Dahars, Indhar, Chachar, Dhareja, Rathors, Dakhan, Langah etc. The Mohano tribe is spread over Makran, Sind and southern Punjab. They are also identified with the “Mallah’ of the Punjab and both have in common a sub-section called Manjari. All these old Sindhi tribes are known under the common nomenclature of Sammat.}}</ref> The Sammat tribes have existed in the region since ancient times.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Talbot |first1=Ian |title=Provincial politics and the Pakistan movement: the growth of the Muslim League in North-West and North-East India 1937 - 47 |date=1990 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780195773873 |page=37 |edition=2. impr}}</ref> The Sammats are considered to be a traditionally privileged group in the [[Sindhis|Sindhi]] society.{{sfn|Hussain|2022|page=469}} Sammat rulers were praised by [[Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai|Bhittai]], a popular 18th century poet of the [[Sindhi language]].{{sfn|Hussain|2022|page=476}} In contemporary [[Sindh]], the Sammat castes are regarded as second in rank to Sayeds and other castes of Arab descent.{{sfn|Hussain|2022|page=487}} |
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But some minor branches like [[Jadeja]]s and [[Chudasama dynasty|Chudasamas]] are [[Hindus]].{{cn|date=July 2024}} Sammat refers to Sindhis with indigenous origins.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Singh |first1=Nagendra Kr |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6cTXAAAAMAAJ&q=sindhi+sammat |title=Encyclopaedia of the World Muslims: Tribes, Castes and Communities |last2=Khan |first2=Abdul Mabud |date=2001 |publisher=Global Vision |isbn=978-81-87746-10-2 |language=en |quote=Sammat to refer to those Sindhis with indigenous origins,}}</ref>{{pn|date=July 2024}}<ref>{{Cite book |last=Abdulla |first=Ahmed |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6lI9AAAAMAAJ&q=sindhi+sammat |title=An Observation: Perspective of Pakistan |date=1987 |publisher=Tanzeem Publishers |language=en}}</ref>{{pn|date=July 2024}} |
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== See also == |
== See also == |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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== Bibliography == |
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*{{cite journal |last1=Hussain |first1=Ghulam |title=The politics of metaphor: traces of casteism and patriarchy in the work of Shah Abdul Latif |journal=Postcolonial Studies |date=2 October 2022 |volume=25 |issue=4 |pages=469–488 |doi=10.1080/13688790.2021.1923154 |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/13688790.2021.1923154 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |language=en |issn=1368-8790}} |
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[[Category:History of Sindh]] |
[[Category:History of Sindh]] |
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[[Category:Social groups of Sindh]] |
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Revision as of 14:05, 26 July 2024
The Sammat (Sindhi: سنڌي سماٽ; sammāṭ) is the indigenous community of Sindhi people consisting of old local tribes, they are a large community in Sindhi Muslims.[1] Hindu Sammats are also extant.[2]
Sammat refers to Sindhis with indigenous origins.[3][4] The Sammat tribes have existed in the region since ancient times.[5] The Sammats are considered to be a traditionally privileged group in the Sindhi society.[6] Sammat rulers were praised by Bhittai, a popular 18th century poet of the Sindhi language.[2] In contemporary Sindh, the Sammat castes are regarded as second in rank to Sayeds and other castes of Arab descent.[7]
See also
References
- ^ Jones, Allen Keith (2003). Politics in Sindh, 1907 - 1940: Muslim identity and the demand for Pakistan. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 4. ISBN 9780195795936.
The vast majority of the Sindhi Muslim population—roughly 70 per cent—comprised of Pukka Sindhis, persons belonging to the Jat, Sammat....
- ^ a b Hussain 2022, p. 476.
- ^ Weekes, Richard V. (1984). Muslims Peoples: A World Ethnographic Survey; Second Edition, Revised and Expanded (Second ed.). Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press. p. 685. ISBN 0-313-23392-6.
Sammat to refer to those Sindhis with indigenous origins
- ^ Abdulla, Ahmed (1973). The Historical Background of Pakistan and Its People. Tanzeem Publishers. p. 96.
Among others are the Bhuttos, Bhattis, Lakha, Sahetas, Lohanas, Mohano, Dahars, Indhar, Chachar, Dhareja, Rathors, Dakhan, Langah etc. The Mohano tribe is spread over Makran, Sind and southern Punjab. They are also identified with the "Mallah' of the Punjab and both have in common a sub-section called Manjari. All these old Sindhi tribes are known under the common nomenclature of Sammat.
- ^ Talbot, Ian (1990). Provincial politics and the Pakistan movement: the growth of the Muslim League in North-West and North-East India 1937 - 47 (2. impr ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 37. ISBN 9780195773873.
- ^ Hussain 2022, p. 469.
- ^ Hussain 2022, p. 487.
Bibliography
- Hussain, Ghulam (2 October 2022). "The politics of metaphor: traces of casteism and patriarchy in the work of Shah Abdul Latif". Postcolonial Studies. 25 (4). Routledge: 469–488. doi:10.1080/13688790.2021.1923154. ISSN 1368-8790.