E-boat: Difference between revisions
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==History== |
==History== |
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After the [[Treaty of Versailles]] most of Germany's military production was severely curtailed. Small patrol craft were not. The S-boote trace their lineage back to a private motor yacht — a 22 ton dispacement 34 knot craft called ''Oheka II'', which had been built in 1927 for wealthy financier and patron of the arts, [[Otto Kahn]], by the German [[shipbuilding]] company [[Lürssen]]. |
After the [[Treaty of Versailles]] most of Germany's military production was severely curtailed. Small patrol craft were not. The S-boote trace their lineage back to a private motor [[yacht]] — a 22 ton dispacement 34 knot craft called ''Oheka II'', which had been built in 1927 for wealthy financier and patron of the arts, [[Otto Kahn]], by the German [[shipbuilding]] company [[Lürssen]]. |
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This design was chosen because the theatre of operations of such boats was expected to be the [[North Sea]], [[English Channel]] and the [[Western Approaches]]. The requirement for good performance in rough seas dictated the use of a round-bottomed displacement hull rather than a flat-bottomed planing hull that was more usual with small, high speed boats. Lürssen overcame many of the disadvantages of such a hull and, with the Oheka II, produced a craft that was fast, strong and seaworthy. This attracted the interest of the German Navy who, in 1929, ordered a similar boat but fitted with two torpedo tubes. This became the S-1 and was the basis for all subsequent S-boote. |
This design was chosen because the theatre of operations of such boats was expected to be the [[North Sea]], [[English Channel]] and the [[Western Approaches]]. The requirement for good performance in rough seas dictated the use of a round-bottomed displacement hull rather than a flat-bottomed planing hull that was more usual with small, high speed boats. Lürssen overcame many of the disadvantages of such a hull and, with the Oheka II, produced a craft that was fast, strong and seaworthy. This attracted the interest of the German Navy who, in 1929, ordered a similar boat but fitted with two torpedo tubes. This became the S-1 and was the basis for all subsequent S-boote. |
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Revision as of 08:10, 20 September 2007
Template:Infobox Ship Class The Schnellboot or S-boot ("fast craft") was a German small, fast torpedo boat, which saw service during World War II. The S-boote were approximately twice as large as its American and British counterparts. By comparison with the Allied craft, the S-boote were better suited for the open sea and had a substantially longer range at approximately 700 nautical miles. These vessels were known to the Allies as "E-boats".[1]
History
After the Treaty of Versailles most of Germany's military production was severely curtailed. Small patrol craft were not. The S-boote trace their lineage back to a private motor yacht — a 22 ton dispacement 34 knot craft called Oheka II, which had been built in 1927 for wealthy financier and patron of the arts, Otto Kahn, by the German shipbuilding company Lürssen.
This design was chosen because the theatre of operations of such boats was expected to be the North Sea, English Channel and the Western Approaches. The requirement for good performance in rough seas dictated the use of a round-bottomed displacement hull rather than a flat-bottomed planing hull that was more usual with small, high speed boats. Lürssen overcame many of the disadvantages of such a hull and, with the Oheka II, produced a craft that was fast, strong and seaworthy. This attracted the interest of the German Navy who, in 1929, ordered a similar boat but fitted with two torpedo tubes. This became the S-1 and was the basis for all subsequent S-boote.
S-boote were used in the English Channel to intercept shipping heading for the English ports in the south and east. As such they would be up against Royal Navy and Commonwealth contingents in Motor Gun Boats (MGBs) and Motor Torpedo Boats (MTBs) and Motor Launches and frigates and destroyers.
Crews could earn an award particular to their work - denoted by a badge depicting an E-boat passing through a wreath. The criteria were good conduct, distinction in action, participating in at least twelve enemy actions. It was awarded for a particularly successful mission, displays of leadership or being killed in action. It could also be awarded under special circumstances such as when another decoration was not suitable.
Variants
The Schnellboot design evolved over time. The first had a pair of torpedo tubes on the fore deck. Types were:-
- S-26 class
- Entered service in 1940. 40-metre (= 131.23 feet) hull. Torpedo tubes covered by forward deck.
- S-30 class
- S-38 class
- S-38b class
- Improved 38 class with armoured bridge.
- S-100 class
- From 1943. 2 x 20 mm gun amidships and 37 mm gun aft.
- S-151 class
- Type 700
- late war design proposal with stern torpedo tubes and 30 mm gun turret forward. 8 boats built, but completed to S-100 design specification
Specification
- Length: 34.9 m = 114.5 feet
- Weight: up to 120 t
- Speed: 43.8 kts
- Engines: Three 20-cylinder 2000 hp Daimler Benz MB501 diesels driving three shafts (propeller)s.
- Armament:
- 2 x 53.3 cm (= 21 inches) torpedo tubes, with room for 2 torpedoes for reloading.
- 1 x 20 mm gun, (20 mm single on early boats, Zwilling and special bow version on later classes)
- 1 x 40 mm gun (40 mm Bofors) on some S38 class boats
Other armament carried on different models included 3.7 cm Flak 42 (S-100) or, rarely, a quad 2 cm Flakvierling mount.
Survivors
The only surviving S-boot is the S-130. This is privately owned but in the care of the British Military Powerboat Trust in Southampton, England.
The S-130 was commissioned on October 21st 1943 and took an active part in the war, participating in the Exercise Tiger attack and attacks on the D-day invasion fleet.
See also
- See Exercise Tiger for the incident involving S-boats at Slapton Sands.
References
- Connelly, T. Garth (January 2003). Schnellboot in Action (Warships). Squadron/Signal Publications, Inc. ISBN 0-89747-457-0.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: year (link) - Dallies-Labourdette, Jean Philippe (June 2003). German S-boote at War, 1939-1945. Histoire and Collections. ISBN 2-913903-49-5.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: year (link) - Williamson, Gordon (September 18, 2002). German E-boats 1939-45. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 1-84176-445-0.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: year (link)