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{{Infobox short story | <!-- See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels]] or [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Books]] -->
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*Asals, Frederick. ''Flannery O' Connor: The Imagination of Extremity''. Athens: U of Georgia P, 1982.
*Asals, Frederick. ''Flannery O' Connor: The Imagination of Extremity''. Athens: U of Georgia P, 1982.
*Balée, Susan. ''Flannery O'Connor: Literary Prophet of the South''. Great Achievers: Lives of the Physically Challenged. New York: Chelsea House, 1995.
<!--*Balée, Susan. ''Flannery O'Connor: Literary Prophet of the South''. Great Achievers: Lives of the Physically Challenged. New York: Chelsea House, 1995.-->
*Baumgaertner, Jill Peláez. ''Flannery O'Connor: A Proper Scaring''. Wheaton Literary Ser. Wheaton, IL: Harold Shaw, 1988; Rev. ed. Chicago: Cornerstone, 1998.
<!--*Baumgaertner, Jill Peláez. ''Flannery O'Connor: A Proper Scaring''. Wheaton Literary Ser. Wheaton, IL: Harold Shaw, 1988; Rev. ed. Chicago: Cornerstone, 1998.-->
*Darretta, John Lawrence. "From 'The Geranium' to 'Judgement Day': Retribution in the Fiction of Flannery O'Connor." ''Since Flannery O'Connor: Essays on the Contemporary American Short Story''. Ed. Loren Logsdon and Charles W. Mayer. Macomb: Western Illinois UP, 1987. 21-28.
*Darretta, John Lawrence. "From 'The Geranium' to 'Judgement Day': Retribution in the Fiction of Flannery O'Connor." ''Since Flannery O'Connor: Essays on the Contemporary American Short Story''. Ed. Loren Logsdon and Charles W. Mayer. Macomb: Western Illinois UP, 1987. 21-28.
*Driggers, Stephen Gause. "Imaginative Discovery in Flannery O'Connor Typescripts." Diss. Indiana U, 1981. ''DAI'' 42 (1982): 5120A.
<!--*Driggers, Stephen Gause. "Imaginative Discovery in Flannery O'Connor Typescripts." Diss. Indiana U, 1981. ''DAI'' 42 (1982): 5120A.-->
*———. "The Idea and Image of Retribution in the Fiction of Flannery O'Connor." Diss. Fordham U, 1972. ''DAI'' 33 (1973): 4406A-07A.
<!--*———. "The Idea and Image of Retribution in the Fiction of Flannery O'Connor." Diss. Fordham U, 1972. ''DAI'' 33 (1973): 4406A-07A.-->
*Dunleavy, Janet Egleson. "A Particular History: Black and White in Flannery O'Connor's Short Fiction." ''Critical Essays on Flannery O'Connor''. Ed. Melvin J. Friedman and Berverly Lyon Clark. Boston: G.K. Hall, 1985. 186-202.
<!--*Dunleavy, Janet Egleson. "A Particular History: Black and White in Flannery O'Connor's Short Fiction." ''Critical Essays on Flannery O'Connor''. Ed. Melvin J. Friedman and Berverly Lyon Clark. Boston: G.K. Hall, 1985. 186-202.-->
*Giannone, Richard. "Flannery O'Connor's Consecration of the End." ''Since Flannery O'Connor: Essays on the Contemporary American Short Story''. Ed. Loren Logsdon and Charles W. Mayer. Macomb: Western Illinois UP, 1987. 9-20.
*Giannone, Richard. "Flannery O'Connor's Consecration of the End." ''Since Flannery O'Connor: Essays on the Contemporary American Short Story''. Ed. Loren Logsdon and Charles W. Mayer. Macomb: Western Illinois UP, 1987. 9-20.
*Gretlund, Jan Nordby. "Flannery O'Connor's 'An Exile in the East': An Introduction." ''South Carolina Review'' 11.1 (1978): 3-11.
*Gretlund, Jan Nordby. "Flannery O'Connor's 'An Exile in the East': An Introduction." ''South Carolina Review'' 11.1 (1978): 3-11.
*Larsen, Val. "Manor House and Tenement: Failed Communities South and North in 'The Geranium.'" ''Flannery O'Connor Bulletin'' 20 (1991): 88-103.
*Larsen, Val. "Manor House and Tenement: Failed Communities South and North in 'The Geranium.'" ''Flannery O'Connor Bulletin'' 20 (1991): 88-103.
*May, John R. ''The Pruning Word: The Parables of Flannery O'Connor''. Notre Dame, IN: U of Notre Dame P, 1976.
<!--*May, John R. ''The Pruning Word: The Parables of Flannery O'Connor''. Notre Dame, IN: U of Notre Dame P, 1976.-->
*Nisly, Paul W. "Wart Hogs From Hell: The Demonic and the Holy in Flannery O'Connor's Fiction." ''Ball State University Forum'' 22.3 (1981): 45-50.
<!--*Nisly, Paul W. "Wart Hogs From Hell: The Demonic and the Holy in Flannery O'Connor's Fiction." ''Ball State University Forum'' 22.3 (1981): 45-50.-->
*Ochi, Hiromi. "Where Does the Conflict Go?: Flannery O'Connor and the Vision of Community." ''Journal of Humanity Studies'' [Ochanomizu University] (Japan) 13 (1989): 250-70. [In Japanese].
<!--*Ochi, Hiromi. "Where Does the Conflict Go?: Flannery O'Connor and the Vision of Community." ''Journal of Humanity Studies'' [Ochanomizu University] (Japan) 13 (1989): 250-70. [In Japanese].-->
*Orvell, Miles David. "An Incarnational Art: The Fiction of Flannery O'Connor." Diss. Harvard U, 1970.
<!--*Orvell, Miles David. "An Incarnational Art: The Fiction of Flannery O'Connor." Diss. Harvard U, 1970.-->
*Robison, James C. "1969-1980: Experiment and Tradition." ''The American Short Story 1945-1980: A Critical History''. Ed. Gordon Weaver. Boston: Twayne, 1983. 77-109.
<!--*Robison, James C. "1969-1980: Experiment and Tradition." ''The American Short Story 1945-1980: A Critical History''. Ed. Gordon Weaver. Boston: Twayne, 1983. 77-109.-->
*Westarp, Karl-Heinz. "Flannery O'Connor's Development: An Analysis of the Judgment-Day Material." ''Realist of Distances: Flannery O'Connor Revisited''. Aarhus, Denmark: Aarhus UP, 1987. 46-54.
*Westarp, Karl-Heinz. "Flannery O'Connor's Development: An Analysis of the Judgment-Day Material." ''Realist of Distances: Flannery O'Connor Revisited''. Aarhus, Denmark: Aarhus UP, 1987. 46-54.
*———, comp. ''Flannery O'Connor: The Growing Craft''. Southern Literary Ser. 4. Birmingham, AL: Summa, 1993.
*———, comp. ''Flannery O'Connor: The Growing Craft''. Southern Literary Ser. 4. Birmingham, AL: Summa, 1993.
*Whitt, Margaret. "Letters to Corinth: Echoes from Greece to Georgia in O'Connor's 'Judgment Day.'" ''Literature and Belief'' 17.1-2 (1997): 61-74.
*Whitt, Margaret. "Letters to Corinth: Echoes from Greece to Georgia in O'Connor's 'Judgment Day.'" ''Literature and Belief'' 17.1-2 (1997): 61-74.
*Wood, Ralph C. "From Fashionable Tolerance to Unfashionable Redemption: A Reading of Flannery O'Connor's First and Last Stories." ''Flannery O'Connor Bulletin'' 7 (1978): 10-25.
*Wood, Ralph C. "From Fashionable Tolerance to Unfashionable Redemption: A Reading of Flannery O'Connor's First and Last Stories." ''Flannery O'Connor Bulletin'' 7 (1978): 10-25.
*———. "Where Is the Voice Coming From? Flannery O'Connor on Race." ''Flannery O'Connor Bulletin'' 22 (1993-94): 90-118.
<!--*———. "Where Is the Voice Coming From? Flannery O'Connor on Race." ''Flannery O'Connor Bulletin'' 22 (1993-94): 90-118.-->
*Wray, Virginia F. "Flannery O'Connor's Master's Thesis: Looking for Some Gestures." ''Flannery O'Connor Bulletin'' 8 (1979): 68-76.
*Wray, Virginia F. "Flannery O'Connor's Master's Thesis: Looking for Some Gestures." ''Flannery O'Connor Bulletin'' 8 (1979): 68-76.
*———. "The Importance of Home To the Fiction of Flannery O'Connor." ''Renascence'' 47.2 (1995): 103-15.
<!--*———. "The Importance of Home To the Fiction of Flannery O'Connor." ''Renascence'' 47.2 (1995): 103-15.-->
{{Works by Flannery O'Connor}}





{{Works by Flannery O'Connor}}
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[[Category:Short stories by Flannery O'Connor]]
[[Category:Short stories by Flannery O'Connor]]

Revision as of 08:41, 24 January 2008

"The Geranium"
Short story by Flannery O'Connor
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
Genre(s)Southern Gothic
Publication
Published inAccent
Publication typeJournal
Publication dateSummer 1946

"The Geranium" is an early short story by the American author Flannery O'Connor. It was first published in Accent: A Quarterly of New Literature in 1946 and is one of the six stories included in O'Connor's June 1947 master's thesis The Geranium: A Collection of Short Stories. It later appeared in the 1971 collection The Complete Stories.

O'Connor was fond of the story and rewrote it into "An Exile in the East" (1954), "Getting Home" (1964), and "Judgement Day" (1964). As "Judgement Day," it appeared as the final story of Everything That Rises Must Converge in 1965. All four versions of the story were published together in Flannery O'Connor: The Growing Craft in 1993.

References

  • Giroux, Robert. Introduction and notes. The Complete Stories. By Flannery O'Connor. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1971.

Further reading

  • Asals, Frederick. Flannery O' Connor: The Imagination of Extremity. Athens: U of Georgia P, 1982.
  • Darretta, John Lawrence. "From 'The Geranium' to 'Judgement Day': Retribution in the Fiction of Flannery O'Connor." Since Flannery O'Connor: Essays on the Contemporary American Short Story. Ed. Loren Logsdon and Charles W. Mayer. Macomb: Western Illinois UP, 1987. 21-28.
  • Giannone, Richard. "Flannery O'Connor's Consecration of the End." Since Flannery O'Connor: Essays on the Contemporary American Short Story. Ed. Loren Logsdon and Charles W. Mayer. Macomb: Western Illinois UP, 1987. 9-20.
  • Gretlund, Jan Nordby. "Flannery O'Connor's 'An Exile in the East': An Introduction." South Carolina Review 11.1 (1978): 3-11.
  • Larsen, Val. "Manor House and Tenement: Failed Communities South and North in 'The Geranium.'" Flannery O'Connor Bulletin 20 (1991): 88-103.
  • Westarp, Karl-Heinz. "Flannery O'Connor's Development: An Analysis of the Judgment-Day Material." Realist of Distances: Flannery O'Connor Revisited. Aarhus, Denmark: Aarhus UP, 1987. 46-54.
  • ———, comp. Flannery O'Connor: The Growing Craft. Southern Literary Ser. 4. Birmingham, AL: Summa, 1993.
  • Whitt, Margaret. "Letters to Corinth: Echoes from Greece to Georgia in O'Connor's 'Judgment Day.'" Literature and Belief 17.1-2 (1997): 61-74.
  • Wood, Ralph C. "From Fashionable Tolerance to Unfashionable Redemption: A Reading of Flannery O'Connor's First and Last Stories." Flannery O'Connor Bulletin 7 (1978): 10-25.
  • Wray, Virginia F. "Flannery O'Connor's Master's Thesis: Looking for Some Gestures." Flannery O'Connor Bulletin 8 (1979): 68-76.