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#REDIRECT [[Gothi]] |
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[[Image:Offering by Lund.jpg|thumb|right|250px|A depiction of a goði leading the people in sacrificing to an idol of Thor in this painting by [[J.L. Lund]].]] |
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A '''goði''' or '''gothi''' (plural '''goðar''') is the [[Old Norse language|Old Norse]] term for a [[priest]] and [[tribal chief|chieftain]]. '''Gyðja''' signifies a priestess. |
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The name appears in [[Wulfila]]'s [[Gothic language]] [[Codex Argenteus|translation of the bible]] as ''gudja'' for "priest", but in Old Norse it is only the feminine form ''gyðja'' that perfectly corresponds to the Gothic form.<ref name="gothi">[http://lexicon.ff.cuni.cz/png/oi_cleasbyvigfusson/b0208.png ''An Icelandic-English dictionary'' by Richard Cleasby and Gudbrand Vigfusson (1874) p. 208.]</ref> The corresponding masculine Old Norse form would have been an unattested *''gyði''.<ref name="gothi"/> |
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In Scandinavia there are surviving early attestations in the [[Proto-Norse]] form ''gudija'' from the Norwegian Nordhuglo runestone,<ref name="gotiska">The article ''gotiska'' in ''[[Nationalencyklopedin]]'' (1992)</ref> and in the later Old Norse form ''goði'' from two Danish runestones, the [[Glavendrup stone]] (DR 209) and the Helnæs Runestone (DR 190).<ref name="gothi"/> |
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Otherwise, there are no further surviving attestations except from Iceland where the ''goðar'' would be of historical significance. The goðar are depicted in the [[Norse saga|Sagas]] as the religious and political leaders of their district or ''goðorð''. In [[Iceland]], prior to [[Christianization]], religious temples or ''hofs'' were privately owned and maintained by a ''hofgoði'' or ''temple priest''. They were also an important part of the Icelandic political system for a long time after the arrival of Christianity. |
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The term goði is often used as a priestly title by modern adherents of various denominations of [[Germanic Neopaganism]], especially in [[Ásatrú]]. |
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A ''goðorð'' or ''godord'' refers to a domain or an area of influence controlled by an [[Iceland]]ic medieval chieftain, or ''[[gothi|goði]]''. |
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==Notes== |
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{{reflist}} |
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==References== |
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*Byock, Jesse L. (1993). ''Goði''. Entry in ''Medieval Scandinavia, an Encyclopedia'' (Phillip Pulsiano, ed.), 230-231. Garland: NY and London, ISBN 0-8240-4787-7. |
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*Jón Hnefill Aðalsteinsson (1998). ''Blót'' and ''Þing'': The Function of the Tenth-Century ''Goði'', in ''A Piece of Horse Liver: Myth, Ritual and Folklore in Old Icelandic Sources'', 35-56. Reykjavik, ISBN 9979-54-264-0. |
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==See also== |
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{{Heathenism portal}} |
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* [[Althing]] |
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* [[Ásatrú]] |
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* [[Blót]] |
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* [[Guðrún Kristín Magnúsdóttir]] - a modern day goði |
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* [[Icelandic commonwealth]] |
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* [[Norse paganism]] |
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* [[Sveinbjörn Beinteinsson]] |
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* [[Trollkyrka]] |
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{{wiktionary|goði}} |
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[[Category:Ásatrú]] |
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[[Category:Germanic paganism]] |
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[[Category:Germanic neopaganism]] |
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[[Category:Magical terms in Germanic mysticism]] |
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{{paganism-stub}} |
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[[da:Gode (præst)]] |
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[[de:Godentum]] |
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[[et:Goodi]] |
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[[es:Goði]] |
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[[fr:Godi]] |
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[[new:गोथी]] |
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[[no:Gode]] |
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[[sv:Gode]] |
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Revision as of 02:53, 7 February 2009
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