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File:Bagrationgerbial.jpg

Coat of Arms of the Bagrationi Royal Dynasty

The Bagrationi or Bagratid royal dynasty (Georgian:ბაგრატიონთა სამეფო დინასტია or Bagrationta Samepo Dinastia) of Georgia provided many of the country's rulers between 809 and 1810.

Family

The family's origin and ancestry is disputed, generally claimed to have originated in Ispiri, a region in ancient Georgia now under the administration of Turkey, although many international scholars dispute this claiming the Bagratids came from ancient Armenia.

The origin of Bagratuni/Bagrationi family is lost in the darkness of time. Early Georgian historians describe its descent from Vakhtang I Gorgasal, King of Iberia in 446-502, through his great grandson Gurgen I, whose royal title was acknowledged by the Emperor Justinian I in 575. According to Prince Toumanoff, the earliest Bagratid prince was chronicled as early as 314 AD. Certain, generation by generation, history of the family begins only in the 8th century. The later Bagratids also claimed descent from the Biblical King David.

In the early centuries of its existence, different branches of the family also reigned in Abkhazia, Armenia, and several Caucasian duchies, notably Taron. The Bagratids form a vital link in the postulated descent from antiquity through the Mamikonids and the Arsacids. It is believed that European royalty descends from the Bagratids through the Taronite-Lusignan link.

The original Bagratid dynasty became extinct with the death of Queen Tamar in 1213. It is continued in the female line by modern Bagratids, as represented by four main families. The eldest family is that of the Bagratids of Georgia (Russian: Princes Gruzinsky), descending from Erekle II, the last king of unified Georgia. Then there are the Bagratids of Imeretia (Russian: Princes Imeretinsky), extinct in the male line since 1978 but continued through illegitimate issue. Finally, there are the Bagrationi-Mukhraneli, branched off from the senior line in the 16th century but still claiming the Georgian crown, and the Bagrationi-Davitashvili, descending from a natural son of Alexander I.

References

Prosopography

I.L. Bichikashvili, D.V. Ninidze and A.N. Peikrishvili, The Genealogy of the Bagratides. Tbilisi, 1995.
Prince Cyrille Toumanoff, Manuel de gйnйalogie et de chronologie pour l'histoire de la Caucasie Chrйtienne (Armйnie-Gйorgie-Albanie). Edizioni Aquila, Roma, 1976. - still remains the only account of the family generally available in the West, although its scientific standard has been criticized as very low.
The Families of the Nobility of the Russian Empire, Volume III, Moscow, 1996. - contains the latest research available in Russian, compiled by Georgian scientists, some of them Bagratids themselves.

History

A. Khakhanov. "Histoire de la Georgie", Paris, 1900 (in French)
A. Manvelichvili. "Histoire de la Georgie", Paris, 1951 (in French)
A. Manvelishvili. "Russia and Georgia. 1801-1951", Vol. I, Paris, 1951 (in Georgian)
K. Salia. "History of the Georgian Nation", Paris, 1983
Kartlis Tskhovreba, vol. I-IV, Tbilisi, 1955-1973 (in Georgian)
P. Ingorokva. Giorgi Merchule (a monograph), Tbilisi, 1954 (in Georgian)
E. Takaishvili. "Georgian chronology and the beginning of the Bagratid rule in Georgia".- Georgica, London, v.I, 1935
Sumbat Davitis dze. "Chronicle of the Bagrastion's of Tao-Klarjeti", with the investigation of Ekvtime Takaishvili, Tbilisi, 1949 (in Georgian)
"Das Leben Kartlis", ubers. und herausgegeben von Gertrud Patch, Leipzig, 1985 (in German)
L. Urushadze. "The Comnenus's of Trabizond and the Bagrationi dynasty of Georgia".- J. "Tsiskari", Tbilisi, No 4, 1991, pp. 144-148 (in Georgian)
V. Guchua, N. Shoshiashvili. "Bagration's".- Encyclopedia "Sakartvelo", vol.I, Tbilisi, 1997, pp. 318-319 (in Georgian)

External links

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{TotallyDisputed}}
 [[Image:Bagrationgerbial.jpg|thumb|200px|Coat of Arms of the Bagrationi Royal Dynasty]]
-The '''Bagrationi''' royal dynasty ([[Georgian language|Georgian]]:'''ბაგრატიონთა სამეფო დინასტია ''' or ''Bagrationta Samepo Dinastia'') of [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]  provided many of the country's rulers between [[809]] and [[1810]].  The family had its origins in southern Georgia, in the ancient Georgian region of [[Speri]] (now [[Ispiri]], which was then a part of the Georgian principality of [[Tao-Klarjeti]], now part of [[Turkey]]). It traced its ancestry to the [[6th century|6th century AD]] '''Bivritiani''' family (representatives of this family were rulers of Georgian Principality of [[Odzrkhe]] since the [[3rd century BC]]). [[Guaram I Kurapalate]], son of [[Bagrat Bivritiani]], was the first historic ancestor of the modern Bagrationi family.
+The '''Bagrationi''' or '''Bagratid''' royal dynasty ([[Georgian language|Georgian]]:'''ბაგრატიონთა სამეფო დინასტია ''' or ''Bagrationta Samepo Dinastia'') of [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]  provided many of the country's rulers between [[809]] and [[1810]].
+== Family ==
-===Erismtavars of [[Kartli]] ([[575]]-[[605]], [[786]]-[[809]]) ===
+The family's origin and ancestry is disputed, generally claimed to have originated in [[Ispiri]], a region in ancient Georgia now under the administration of [[Turkey]], although many international scholars dispute this claiming the Bagratids came from ancient [[Armenia]].
-[[Guaram I Kurapalate]] was the Erismtavari (Grand Duke) of Kartli (Georgian: ''Kartlis Erismtavari'') since [[575]]. His mother was a daughter of [[Vakhtang I Gorgasali]], king of Kartli. The Erismtavars of Kartli from the Bagrationi family were:
-* [[Guaram I|Guaram I Kurapalate]] ([[575]]-[[590]])
-* [[Stepanoz I Kurapalate]] ([[590]]-[[605]])
-* [[Ashot I Kurapalate]] ([[786]]-[[809]])
+The origin of Bagratuni/Bagrationi family is lost in the darkness of time. Early Georgian historians describe its descent from [[Vakhtang I Gorgasal]], King of Iberia in 446-502, through his great grandson Gurgen I, whose royal title was acknowledged by the Emperor [[Justinian I]] in [[575]]. According to Prince Toumanoff, the earliest Bagratid prince was chronicled as early as [[314]] AD. Certain, generation by generation, history of the family begins only in the 8th century. The later Bagratids also claimed descent from the Biblical [[King David]].
-=== Eristavs of [[Klarjeti]] ([[619]]-[[779]]) ===
+In the early centuries of its existence, different branches of the family also reigned in [[Abkhazia]], [[Armenia]], and several Caucasian duchies, notably [[Taron]]. The Bagratids form a vital link in the postulated [[descent from antiquity]] through the [[Mamikonid]]s and the [[Arsacids]]. It is believed that European royalty descends from the Bagratids through the [[Taronite]]-[[Lusignan]] link.
-In [[619]], [[Guaram II]], a son of [[Stepanoz I]], became Duke (Georgian: ''Eristavi'') of Klarjeti. The Eristavs of Klarjeti from the Bagrationi family were:
+The original Bagratid dynasty became extinct with the death of [[Tamar of Georgia|Queen Tamar]] in [[1213]]. It is continued in the female line by modern Bagratids, as represented by four main families. The eldest family is that of the Bagratids of Georgia (Russian: Princes Gruzinsky), descending from [[Erekle II]], the last king of unified Georgia. Then there are the Bagratids of [[Imeretia]] (Russian: Princes Imeretinsky), extinct in the male line since [[1978]] but continued through illegitimate issue. Finally, there are the [[Bagrationi-Mukhraneli]], branched off from the senior line in the 16th century but still claiming the Georgian crown, and the [[Bagrationi-Davitashvili]], descending from a natural son of [[Alexander I]].
-* [[Guaram II]] ([[619]]-[[678]])
-* [[Varazbakur]] ([[678]]-[[705]])
-* [[Nerse]] ([[705]]-[[742]])
-* [[Adarnase]] ([[742]]-[[779]])
+== See also ==
-=== Kings of [[Tao-Klarjeti]] ([[809]]-[[888]]) ===
+*[[List of Bagratid rulers]]
+== References ==
-[[Ashot I the Great]] was the first Bagrationi king Tao-Klarjeti, founding the royal dynasty in [[809]]. His father was [[Adarnase]], Eristavi of Klarjeti. The Kings of Tao-Klarjeti were:
+===Prosopography===
-* [[Ashot I the Great]] ([[809]]-[[826]])
+*I.L. Bichikashvili, D.V. Ninidze and A.N. Peikrishvili, ''The Genealogy of the Bagratides''. Tbilisi, 1995.
-* [[Bagrat I]] Kurapalate ([[826]]-[[876]]. In 826-869 co-ruler of the Kingdom of Tao-Klarjeti was [[Adarnase I]])
+*Prince Cyrille Toumanoff, ''Manuel de gйnйalogie et de chronologie pour l'histoire de la Caucasie Chrйtienne (Armйnie-Gйorgie-Albanie)''. Edizioni Aquila, Roma, 1976. - still remains the only account of the family generally available in the West, although its scientific standard has been criticized as very low.
-* [[David I of Georgia]] Kurapalate ([[876]]-[[881]])
+*''The Families of the Nobility of the Russian Empire'', Volume III, Moscow, 1996. - contains the latest research available in Russian, compiled by Georgian scientists, some of them Bagratids themselves.
-* [[Adarnase II]] ([[881]]-[[888]])
-=== Kings of All the Georgians ([[888]]-[[1008]]) ===
-In [[888]], the "'''Kingdom of all the Georgians'''" (Georgian: ''Kartvelta Samepo'') was founded, incorporating the regions of [[Samtskhe-Javakheti]], [[Kola-Artaani]], [[Shavsheti]], [[Tao-Klarjeti]], [[Basiani]], [[Speri]] and [[Tortomi]]. Its first ruler, who took the title "King of Georgians", was [[Adarnase II]]. The kings of this kingdom were:
-* [[Adarnase II]] ([[888]]-[[923]])
-* [[David II of Georgia]] ([[923]]-[[937]])
-* [[Bagrat]] Magistros ([[937]]-[[945]]. (Ruled without title)
-* [[Ashot IV]] ([[945]]-[[954]])
-* [[Sumbat I]] ([[954]]-[[958]])
-* [[Bagrat II]] ([[958]]-[[975]]. Co-rulers: [[Adarnase III]] in [[961]]-[[966]] and [[David III]] in [[966]]-[[975]])
-* [[Gurgen II]] ([[975]]-[[1008]]. Co-ruler was his son [[Bagrat III]], since [[978]], who ruled also the Kingdom of [[Abkhazeti]]).
-=== United Georgian Kingdom ([[978]]-[[1466]]) ===
-The United Kingdom of Georgia was established in [[978]]. In this year Bagrat III, son of Gurgen II, become the ruler of the Kingdom of Western Georgia (''Kingdom of Abkhazeti''), including the Principalities of [[Imereti]], [[Samegrelo]], [[Abkhazeti]] ([[Abkhazia]]), [[Guria]] and [[Svaneti]]. Bagrat's mother was Queen [[Gurandukht]], a daughter of [[Giorgi II of Abkhazeti]]. The Bagratids went on to provide a series of notable kings and queens of Georgia, particularly [[David the Builder]] and [[Tamar of Georgia]]. In [[1204]], Queen Tamar founded the [[Empire of Trebizond]] (now part of Turkey).  More on the Bagrationis can be found on [[List of Georgian Kings]] and [[Kingdom of Imereti]].
-=== The Russian invasion ([[1801]]-[[1810]]) ===
-The last king of the Bagrationi dynasty was [[Solomon II]], King of [[Imereti]] (Western Georgia) from [[1789]] until [[1810]]. In [[1801]], the [[Russian Empire]] invaded and annexed the neighboring Kingdom of [[Kartl-Kakheti]] (Eastern Georgia), deposing its king, [[Giorgi XII]] ([[1798]]-[[1801]]). Solomon II was deposed in [[1810]] when the Russians invaded his kingdom, completing their conquest of Georgia.
-The main sources of the history of the dynasty of Bagrationi include the following Georgian chronicles of the [[10th century|10th]] - [[18th century|18th centuries]]: "''Chronicle of [[Sumbat Davitis dze]] (Bagrationi) about the Bagrationis of Tao-Klarjeti''", "''Moktsevai Kartlisai''", "''Tskhovreba Kartvelta Mepeta''", "''Matiane Kartlisa''".
-=== Kings of the united Georgian Kingdom ([[978]]-[[1466]]) ===
-Kings of the united Georgian Kingdom from the Bagrationi dynasty were:
-* [[Bagrat III]] ([[978]]-[[1014]])
-* [[Giorgi I]] ([[1014]]-[[1027]])
-* [[Bagrat IV of Georgia|Bagrat IV]] ([[1027]]-[[1072]])
-* [[Giorgi II]] ([[1072]]-[[1089]])
-* [[David the Builder|David IV the Builder]] ([[1089]]-[[1125]])
-* [[Demetre I]] ([[1125]]-[[1155]])
-* [[David V]] ([[1155]]-[[1156]])
-* [[Giorgi III]] ([[1156]]-[[1184]])
-* [[Tamar of Georgia]] ([[1184]]-[[1213]])
-* [[Giorgi IV Lasha]] ([[1213]]-[[1223]])
-* [[Rusudan]] ([[1223]]-[[1245]])
-* [[David VI Narin]] ([[1245]]-[[1293]])
-* [[David VII Ulu]] ([[1247]]-[[1270]])
-* [[Demetre II]] ([[1271]]-[[1289]])
-* [[Vakhtang II]] ([[1289]]-[[1293]])
-* [[David VIII]] ([[1293]]-[[1299]], [[1300]]-[[1308]])
-* [[Giorgi VI]] ([[1308]]-[[1313]])
-* [[Giorgi V]] ([[1299]], [[1314]]-[[1346]])
-* [[David IX]] ([[1346]]-[[1360]])
-* [[Bagrat V]] ([[1360]]-[[1393]])
-* [[Giorgi VII]] ([[1393]]-[[1407]])
-* [[Konstantine I]] ([[1407]]-[[1411]])
-* [[Alexander I the Great]] ([[1412]]-[[1442]])
-* [[Vakhtang IV]] ([[1442]]-[[1446]])
-* [[Giorgi VIII]] ([[1446]]-[[1466]])
-=== See also ===
-* [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]
-* [[History of Georgia]]
-* [[Culture of Georgia]]
-* [[Georgian people]]
-* [[Giorgi XI]]
-* [[Vakhtang VI]]
-* [[Alexandre Bagrationi]]
-* [[Erekle II]]
-* [[Vakhushti Bagrationi]]
-* [[Peter Bagrationi]]
-* [[Pyotr Bagration]]
-* [[Teimuraz Bagrationi]]
-* [[David Soslani]]
-=== References ===
+===History===
 * A. Khakhanov. "Histoire de la Georgie", Paris, 1900 (in French)
 * A. Manvelichvili. "Histoire de la Georgie", Paris, 1951 (in French)
@@ Line 108: / Line 37: @@
 * L. Urushadze. "The Comnenus's of Trabizond and the Bagrationi dynasty of Georgia".- J. "Tsiskari", Tbilisi, No 4, 1991, pp. 144-148 (in Georgian)
 * V. Guchua, N. Shoshiashvili. "Bagration's".- Encyclopedia "Sakartvelo", vol.I, Tbilisi, 1997, pp. 318-319 (in Georgian)
-* [http://www.iaphs.org/articles/urushadze.html "The Bagrationi Royal Dynasty of Georgia" by Dr. Levan Z. Urushadze.- Journal of the International Academy for the Promotion of Historical Studies (IAPHS), vol. 4, number 2, 2005]
+== External links ==
+*[http://genealogy.euweb.cz/georgia/ Genealogical account per Bichikashvili-Ninidze-Peikrishvili]
+*[http://www.4dw.net/royalark/Georgia/georgia.htm Genealogical account per Prince Toumanoff]
 [[Category:Bagrationi|*]]