Jean-Baptiste Marchand: Difference between revisions
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:''for others with similar names, see [[Jean Marchand (disambiguation)|Jean Marchand]] |
:''for others with similar names, see [[Jean Marchand (disambiguation)|Jean Marchand]] |
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Major '''Jean-Baptiste Marchand''' ([[November 2]] [[1863]] – [[January 13]] [[1934]]) was a [[France|French]] |
Major '''Jean-Baptiste Marchand''' ([[November 2]] [[1863]] – [[January 13]] [[1934]]) was a [[France|French]] military officer and explorer in Africa. |
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Marchand was born in [[Thoissey]], [[Ain]] and attended l’Ecole militaire de Saint-Maixent. He participated in the French conquest of Senegal and was severely wounded in 1889 at the capture of Diena by the French. In 1890 he was sent to explore the sources of the [[Niger River|Niger]] and other rivers and to occupy the areas around [[Fashoda]] (now known as Kodok in Sudan) and bring it under French control. After a 14-month trek by foot and boat across Africa, Marchand's expedition of 20 French officers and NCOs and 130 French Senegalese troops arrived at Fashoda on 10 July 1898. Marchand rebuilt an abandoned fort at the site, but the expected support from other French columns and from Abyssinia did not arrive to support him and on September 11, a flotilla of British gunboats, led by Sir Herbert Kitchener, commander of the Anglo-Egyptian army that had just defeated the forces of the Mahdi at the Battle of Omdurman, reached Fashoda. Both sides insisted on the control of Fashoda. This led to several weeks of intense debate between Paris and London, at the end of which, Marchand was ordered to leave Fashoda to the British. He greeted his recall with extreme disgust and returned to France through Abyssinia ([[Fashoda Incident]]). |
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Marchand was born in [[Thoissey]], [[Ain]]. In 1890 he was sent to explore the sources of the [[Niger River|Niger]] and other rivers, and was afterwards appointed to push on to the [[White Nile]], where he arrived in 1898, hoisting the French flag by the way. Finally, he arrived at [[Fashoda]], from which he was recalled; with extreme disgust, he was obliged to retire and find his way back to France ([[Fashoda Incident]]). |
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Marchand later fought with French expeditionary forces in China during the 1900 [[Boxer Rebellion]]. He was promoted to the rank of General in 1915 during [[World War I]] and was wounded in 1915 in the Battle of Champagne and again in 1916 in the Battle of the Somme. He retired from the Army in 1919 |
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== Further reading == |
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* Bates, Darell ''The Fashoda incident of 1898: encounter on the Nile''. Oxford: OUP, 1984, ISBN 0-19-211771-8. |
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==References== |
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{{Nuttall}} |
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==References== |
==References== |
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Revision as of 00:40, 12 September 2009
- for others with similar names, see Jean Marchand
Major Jean-Baptiste Marchand (November 2 1863 – January 13 1934) was a French military officer and explorer in Africa.
Marchand was born in Thoissey, Ain and attended l’Ecole militaire de Saint-Maixent. He participated in the French conquest of Senegal and was severely wounded in 1889 at the capture of Diena by the French. In 1890 he was sent to explore the sources of the Niger and other rivers and to occupy the areas around Fashoda (now known as Kodok in Sudan) and bring it under French control. After a 14-month trek by foot and boat across Africa, Marchand's expedition of 20 French officers and NCOs and 130 French Senegalese troops arrived at Fashoda on 10 July 1898. Marchand rebuilt an abandoned fort at the site, but the expected support from other French columns and from Abyssinia did not arrive to support him and on September 11, a flotilla of British gunboats, led by Sir Herbert Kitchener, commander of the Anglo-Egyptian army that had just defeated the forces of the Mahdi at the Battle of Omdurman, reached Fashoda. Both sides insisted on the control of Fashoda. This led to several weeks of intense debate between Paris and London, at the end of which, Marchand was ordered to leave Fashoda to the British. He greeted his recall with extreme disgust and returned to France through Abyssinia (Fashoda Incident).
Marchand later fought with French expeditionary forces in China during the 1900 Boxer Rebellion. He was promoted to the rank of General in 1915 during World War I and was wounded in 1915 in the Battle of Champagne and again in 1916 in the Battle of the Somme. He retired from the Army in 1919
Further reading
- Bates, Darell The Fashoda incident of 1898: encounter on the Nile. Oxford: OUP, 1984, ISBN 0-19-211771-8.
References
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Wood, James, ed. (1907). The Nuttall Encyclopædia. London and New York: Frederick Warne. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
References
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Wood, James, ed. (1907). The Nuttall Encyclopædia. London and New York: Frederick Warne. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
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