Alvord chub

Alvord chub
Conservation status
Vulnerable  (IUCN 2.3)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Cypriniformes
Family:	Cyprinidae
Genus:	Gila
Species:	G. alvordensis
Binomial name
Gila alvordensis Hubbs and Miller, 1972

The Alvord chub Gila alvordensis is a rare cyprinid fish endemic to the Alvord basin in southeastern Oregon and northwestern Nevada, USA, known only from a few springs, streams, and marshes in the Sheldon National Wildlife Refuge, and one location elsewhere.

The Alvord chub is a small fish, with adults ranging up to 14 cm in length, but with many half that size. It is generally grayish-whitish, darker on the back than below, and with a faint band passing down the sides. The dorsal fin has 7 rays, the anal fin 8 rays, and the tail 19 rays.

Studies of the fish's diet shows it is an opportunistic feeder, consuming a variety of aquatic invertebrates, with a considerable percentage of midge larvae. It occupies a variety of habitats within its range, including waters of depths 3 inches to 3 feet, different bottoms including gravel and silt, and any amount of cover over the water. It can be found in warm springs, up to 80 degrees Fahrenheit, but not in hot springs.

Spawning season lasts from April to July.

Although apparently doing well in its location, the species is considered vulnerable because of its very limited range in a fragile environment. Having evolved without any competition, there is concern over the possible effects of exotic fish introduction, whether deliberate or accidental.

References

• Template:IUCN2006 Listed as Vulnerable (VU D2 v2.3)
• "Gila alvordensis". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. 18 April. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= and |year= / |date= mismatch (help)
• William F. Sigler and John W. Sigler, Fishes of the Great Basin (Reno: University of Nevada Press, 1987), pp. 161–162
• Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2006). "Gila alvordensis" in FishBase. March 2006 version.