Action on HCFCs: Difference between revisions
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==OzoneAction on HCFCs== |
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[[HCFC|HCFCs]] are widely used in refrigeration,foam, solvent, aerosol and fire fighting sectors as a transitional substance to substitute CFCs. HCFCs are also used as feedstock (raw material) in the production for other chemical products. |
[[HCFC|HCFCs]] are widely used in refrigeration,foam, solvent, aerosol and fire fighting sectors as a transitional substance to substitute CFCs. HCFCs are also used as feedstock (raw material) in the production for other chemical products. |
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Revision as of 13:57, 14 September 2010
HCFCs are widely used in refrigeration,foam, solvent, aerosol and fire fighting sectors as a transitional substance to substitute CFCs. HCFCs are also used as feedstock (raw material) in the production for other chemical products.
HCFCs were introduced in the 1990s as alternative chemicals for CFCs and added to the list of substances controlled by the Montreal Protocol. It was acknowledged at the time that these chemicals, with considerably lower ozone depleting potentials (ODP), were transitional and their production and consumption was also to be phased out under the Montreal Protocol. Although having considerably lower ozone depleting potentials than CFCs, many HCFCs have high global warming potentials, of up to 2000 times that of carbon dioxide.
In 2006 global HCFC production was 34,400 ODP tonnes and approximately 75% of global HCFC use is in air-conditioning and refrigeration sectors. The main HCFC used is HCFC-22 or chlorodifluoromethane.[1]
At the 20th anniversary meeting of the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone layer agreement was reached to adjust the Montreal Protocol's HCFC phase out schedule to accelerate the phase-out of production and consumption of HCFCS. This decision will result in a significant reduction in ozone depletion and well as in global warming.
The schedule for Article 5 (developing) country phase-out for production and consumption of HCFCs is:[2]
| Schedule | Year |
|---|---|
| Baseline | Average of 2009 and 2010 |
| Freeze | 2013 |
| 10% reduction (90% of baseline) | 2015 |
| 35% reduction (65% of baseline) | 2020 |
| 67.5% (reduction (32.5% of baseline) | 2025 |
| Total phase-out | 2030 |
| 2.5 % of baseline averaged over 10 years (2030-2040)
allowed, if necessary, for servicing of refrigeration & air-conditioning equipment until 2040 |
2030-2040 |
The schedule for non-Article 5 (developed) country phase-out for production and consumption of HCFCs is:[3]
| Level | Year |
|---|---|
| Baseline | 1989 HCFC consumption
+ 2.8% of 1989 consumption |
| Freeze | 1996 |
| 35% reduction (65% of baseline) | 2004 |
| 75% reduction(25% of baseline) | 2010 |
| 90% reduction(10% of baseline) | 2015 |
| Total phase-out | 2020 |
| 0.5% of baseline
restricted to servicing of refrigeration & air-conditioning equipment until 2030 |
2020 - 2030 |
References
- ^ IPCC/TEAP SPECIAL REPORT: Safeguarding the Ozone Layer & The Global Climate System: Issues Related to Hydrofluorocarbons and Perfluorocarbons, SUMMARY FOR POLICYMAKERS
- ^ “Report of the Sixtieth Meeting of the Executive Committee” (document UNEP/OzL.Pro/ExCom/60/54)
- ^ “Report of the Sixtieth Meeting of the Executive Committee” (document UNEP/OzL.Pro/ExCom/60/54)