Gustaf VI Adolf: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox royalty |
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| name =Gustaf VI Adolf |
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| succession =[[King of Sweden]] |
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| image =Gustaf VI Adolf av Sverige som kronprins.jpg |
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| reign =29 October 1950 – 15 September 1973 |
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|}} |
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'''Gustaf VI Adolf''' - ''Oscar Fredrik Wilhelm Olaf Gustaf Adolf'' - (11 November 1882 – 15 September 1973) was [[King of Sweden]] from October 29, 1950 until his death. He was the eldest son of King [[Gustaf V of Sweden|Gustaf V]] and his wife [[Victoria of Baden]]. Through his mother Victoria, Gustaf VI Adolf could claim to be the direct heir to [[Gustav IV of Sweden]] of the deposed [[House of Holstein-Gottorp (Swedish line)]] and the [[House of Vasa]] as well as the [[Bern |
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He married, firstly, [[Princess Margaret of Connaught]] on 15 June 1905 in [[St. George's Chapel]], at [[Windsor Castle]]. Princess Margaret was the daughter of HRH [[Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn|Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught]], third son of [[Victoria of the United Kingdom|Queen Victoria]] and [[Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha|Prince Albert]] of the [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|United Kingdom]]. |
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He married, secondly, [[Lady Louise Mountbatten]], formerly HSH Princess Louise of Battenberg, on 3 November 1923 at [[St. James's Palace]]. She was the sister of [[Louis Mountbatten|Lord Mountbatten]] and aunt of [[Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh]]. It was Lady Louise who became [[List of Swedish queens|Queen of Sweden]]. Both Queen Louise and her stepchildren were great grandchildren of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom. |
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==Reign== |
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[[File:Crown Prince Gustav (VI) Adolf of Sweden w fam 07729v.jpg|250px|left|thumb|Then Crown Prince Gustaf Adolf with his first wife [[Margaret of Connaught]] and children in 1912.]] |
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In 1950, Crown Prince Gustaf Adolf became king at age 67 upon the death of his father, King [[Gustaf V of Sweden|Gustaf V]]. |
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During Gustaf VI Adolf's reign, work was underway on a new [[Constitution of Sweden|Instrument of Government]] — eventually taking effect in 1975 after the kings' death — to replace the [[Instrument of Government (1809)|1809 constitution]] and produce reforms consistent with the times. Among the reforms sought by some Swedes was the replacement of the monarchy or at least some moderation of the old constitution's provision that "The King alone shall govern the realm." |
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Gustaf VI Adolf's personal qualities made him popular among the Swedish people and, in turn, this popularity led to strong public opinion in favour of the retention of the monarchy. Gustaf VI Adolf's expertise and interest in a wide range of fields (architecture and botany being but two) made him respected, as did his informal and modest nature and his purposeful avoidance of pomp. The monarchy was, however, made subordinate to a democratic state. Additional powers of the monarch were removed when Sweden's constitutional reform became complete in 1975. |
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Gustaf VI Adolf was a devoted [[archaeologist]], and was admitted to the [[British Academy]] for his work in botany in 1958. Gustaf VI Adolf participated in archaeological expeditions in China, Greece, Korea and Italy, and founded the [[Swedish Institute at Rome]]. |
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He was the 1,126th [[Knight]] of the [[Order of the Golden Fleece]] in [[Spain]] in 1910 and the 915th [[Knight]] of the [[Order of the Garter]] in 1954. |
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The King died in 1973 at age 90 at [[Helsingborg]] Hospital after a deterioration in his health that culminated in [[pneumonia]]. He was succeeded on the throne by his 27-year-old grandson [[Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden|Carl XVI Gustaf]], son of the late [[Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Västerbotten|Prince Gustaf Adolf]]. In a break with tradition, he was not buried in [[Riddarholmskyrkan]] in Stockholm, but in the [[Kungliga begravningsplatsen|royal burial grounds]] in [[Hagaparken|Haga]] alongside his two deceased wives. |
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King Gustaf VI Adolf and Crown Princess Margaretha of Sweden had five children: |
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==Issue== |
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{| class="wikitable sortable" |
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|- bgcolor="#cccccc" |
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!width="16%"|Name!! width="14%"|Birth!! width="14%"|Death!! width="64%"|Notes |
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|- |
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| [[Prince Gustav Adolf, Duke of Västerbotten]] || 22 April 1906 || {{death date and age|1947|1|26|1906|4|22|df=y}} || father of the present King [[Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden]] |
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|- |
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|[[Prince Sigvard, Duke of Uppland]] || 7 June 1907 || {{death date and age|2002|2|4|1907|6|7|df=y}} || later Count Sigvard [[Bernadotte af Wisborg]] |
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|- |
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|[[Ingrid of Sweden|Princess Ingrid]] || 28 March 1910 || {{death date and age|2000|11|7|1910|3|28|df=y}} || later Queen of [[Denmark]]; mother of the present Queen [[Margrethe II of Denmark]] and [[Queen Anne-Marie of Greece]] |
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|- |
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| [[Prince Bertil, Duke of Halland]] || 28 February 1912 || {{death date and age|1997|1|5|1912|2|28|df=y}} || married Lillian Davies, no issue |
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|- |
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| [[Carl Johan Bernadotte|Prince Carl Johan, Duke of Dalarna]] || {{birth date and age|1916|10|31|df=y}} || || later Count Carl Johan, [[Bernadotte af Wisborg]], married Countess Gunnila Wachtmeister af Johannishus, had adopted issue |
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|} |
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Crown Princess Margaretha of Sweden died suddenly on 1 May 1920 of an infection following surgery. At the time, she was eight months pregnant and expecting her sixth child. |
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Prince Gustaf Adolf later married Lady [[Louise Mountbatten]], on 3 November 1923. |
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This second marriage produced only one stillborn daughter on 30 May 1925. |
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[[File:Lougustswe.jpg|right|250px|thumb|King Gustaf VI Adolf with his second wife [[Louise Mountbatten|Lady Louise Mountbatten]]; Queen Louise, in the 1950s.]] |
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King Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden was the grandfather of both his direct successor [[Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden|King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden]] and also of [[Margrethe II of Denmark|Queen Margrethe II of Denmark]]. |
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{|align=left |
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|{{Infobox hrhstyles| |
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royal name=King Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden| |
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image=[[File:Coat of Arms of Sweden.svg|50px|]]| |
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dipstyle=[[Majesty|His Majesty]]| |
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offstyle=Your Majesty| |
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altstyle=Sir|}} |
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|} |
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==Interests== |
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The King's reputation as a "professional amateur professor" was widely known; nationally and internationally, and among his relatives. |
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[[File:Gustav VI Adolf of Sweden and English footballers.jpg|thumb|140px|right|Crown Prince Gustaf Adolf meets the some English footballers (c. 1910-1915).]] |
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Gustaf VI Adolf had an enormous private library consisting of 80,000 volumes and - nearly more impressively – he actually ''had'' read the main part of the books. He had an interest in specialist literature on Chinese art and East Asian history. Throughout his life, King Gustaf VI Adolf was particularly interested in the history of civilization, and he participated in several archaeological expeditions. His other great area of interest was [[botany]], concentrating in flowers and gardening. He was considered an expert on the [[Rhododendron]] flower. At [[Sofiero]] (The king's summer residence) he created one of the very finest Rhododendron collections. |
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Like his son, [[Prince Bertil, Duke of Halland|Bertil]], Gustaf VI Adolf maintained wide, lifelong interests in sports. He enjoyed [[tennis]] and [[golf]], and [[fly fishing]] for char. |
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==Ancestors== |
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<center>{{ahnentafel-compact5 |
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|style=font-size: 90%; line-height: 110%; |
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|border=1 |
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|boxstyle=padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; |
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|boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc; |
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|boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9; |
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|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc; |
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|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc; |
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|boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe; |
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|1= 1. '''Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden''' |
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|2= 2. [[Gustaf V of Sweden]] |
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|3= 3. [[Victoria of Baden]] |
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|4= 4. [[Oscar II of Sweden]] |
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|5= 5. [[Sofia of Nassau]] |
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|6= 6. [[Frederick I, Grand Duke of Baden]] |
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|7= 7. [[Princess Louise of Prussia]] |
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|8= 8. [[Oscar I of Sweden]] |
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|9= 9. [[Josephine of Leuchtenberg]] |
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|10= 10. [[William, Duke of Nassau]] |
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|11= 11. [[Princess Pauline of Württemberg]] |
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|12= 12. [[Leopold, Grand Duke of Baden]] |
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|13= 13. [[Sophie of Sweden]] |
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|14= 14. [[William I, German Emperor]] |
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|15= 15. [[Augusta of Saxe-Weimar]] |
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|16= 16. [[Charles XIV John of Sweden]] |
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|17= 17. [[Désirée Clary]] |
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|18= 18. [[Eugène de Beauharnais]] |
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|19= 19. [[Princess Augusta of Bavaria]] |
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|20= 20. [[Frederick William, Prince of Nassau-Weilburg]] |
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|21= 21. [[Burgravine Louise Isabelle of Kirchberg]] |
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|22= 22. [[Prince Paul of Württemberg]] |
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|23= 23. [[Princess Katharina Charlotte of Saxe-Hildburghausen|Catherine Charlotte of Saxe-Hildburghausen]] |
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|24= 24. [[Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Baden]] |
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|25= 25. Luise Karoline Geyer von Geyersberg |
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|26= 26. [[Gustaf IV Adolf of Sweden]] |
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|27= 27. [[Frederica of Baden]] |
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|28= 28. [[Frederick William III of Prussia]] |
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|29= 29. [[Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]] |
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|30= 30. [[Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach]] |
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|31= 31. [[Maria Pavlovna of Russia]] |
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}}</center> |
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{{Start box}} |
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{{S-hou|[[House of Bernadotte]]|11 November|1882|15 September|1973}} |
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{{S-reg|}} |
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{{S-bef|before=[[Gustaf V of Sweden|Gustaf V]]}} |
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{{S-ttl|title=[[Monarch of Sweden|King of Sweden]]|years=1950-1973}} |
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{{S-aft|after=[[Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden|Carl XVI Gustaf]]}} |
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{{S-roy|se}} |
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{{s-bef|before=[[Gustaf V of Sweden|Gustaf, Duke of Värmland]]}} |
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{{s-ttl|title=[[Monarchy of Sweden|Heir to the Swedish throne]]|years=1907-1950}} |
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{{s-aft|after=[[Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden|Carl Gustaf, Duke of Jämtland]]<br><small>''later became Carl XVI Gustaf''</small>}} |
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|- |
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{{S-vac|last=[[Charles XV of Sweden|Charles XV]]}} |
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{{S-ttl|title=Duke of Skåne|years=1882-1950}} |
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{{S-vac|}} |
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{{End}} |
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{{Swedish princes}} |
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{{Monarchs of Sweden}} |
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{{Commons category|Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden}} |
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==External links== |
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{{start box}} |
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{{succession box |title= President of Organizing Committee for Summer Olympic Games |
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|before={{flagicon|GBR}} [[William Grenfell]] <br /> [[Edward VII of the United Kingdom]] |
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|after= {{flagicon|BEL}} [[Henri de Baillet-Latour]] |
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|years=[[1912 Summer Olympics|1912]]}} |
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{{end box}} |
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* [http://pages.prodigy.net/ptheroff/gotha/sweden.html Royal House of Sweden and Royal House of Norway] |
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* [http://pages.prodigy.net/ptheroff/gotha/greatbritain.html Royal House of Great-Britain and Ireland] |
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* [http://pages.prodigy.net/ptheroff/gotha/hesse.html Princely House of Battenberg] |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Gustaf 06 Adolf Of Sweden}} |
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[[Category:People from Stockholm]] |
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[[Category:Swedish monarchs|Gustav 06]] |
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[[Category:House of Bernadotte]] |
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[[Category:Swedish archaeologists]] |
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[[Category:Protestant monarchs]] |
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[[Category:Dukes of Swedish Provinces]] |
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[[Category:Swedish Lutherans]] |
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[[Category:Knights of the Golden Fleece]] |
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[[Category:Knights of the Order of the Norwegian Lion]] |
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[[Category:Royal Fellows of the Royal Society]] |
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[[Category:Knights Grand Cross of the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav]] |
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[[Category:Recipients of the Order of the Black Eagle]] |
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[[Category:Recipients of the Royal Victorian Chain]] |
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[[Category:Uppsala University alumni]] |
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[[Category:Swedish monarchs of German descent]] |
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[[Category:1882 births]] |
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[[Category:1973 deaths]] |
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[[Category:Burials at the Royal Burial Ground, Stockholm]] |
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[[Category:Extra Knights Companion of the Garter]] |
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[[Category:Honorary Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath]] |
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[[Category:Knights of the Order of the Most Holy Annunciation]] |
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[[Category:Honorary Knights Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order]] |
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[[Category:Grand Commanders of the Order of the Dannebrog]] |
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[[ar:غوستاف السادس أدولف]] |
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[[bs:Gustav VI Adolf, kralj Švedske]] |
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[[ca:Gustau VI Adolf de Suècia]] |
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[[cs:Gustav VI. Adolf]] |
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[[da:Gustav 6. Adolf af Sverige]] |
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[[de:Gustav VI. Adolf (Schweden)]] |
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[[et:Gustaf VI Adolf]] |
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[[es:Gustavo VI Adolfo de Suecia]] |
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[[eo:Gustavo la 6-a Adolfo (Svedio)]] |
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[[fa:گوستاو آدولف ششم سوئد]] |
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[[fr:Gustave VI Adolphe de Suède]] |
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[[gl:Gustavo VI Adolfo]] |
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[[ko:구스타프 6세 아돌프]] |
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[[io:Gustaf 6ma Adolf]] |
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[[id:Gustaf VI Adolf dari Swedia]] |
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[[it:Gustavo VI Adolfo di Svezia]] |
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[[he:גוסטב השישי אדולף, מלך שבדיה]] |
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[[ka:გუსტავ VI (შვედეთი)]] |
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[[la:Gustavus VI Adolphus (rex Sueciae)]] |
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[[lt:Gustavas VI Adolfas]] |
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[[hu:VI. Gusztáv Adolf svéd király]] |
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[[mr:गुस्ताफ सहावा एडॉल्फ, स्वीडन]] |
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[[nl:Gustaaf VI Adolf van Zweden]] |
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[[ja:グスタフ6世アドルフ (スウェーデン王)]] |
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[[no:Gustav VI Adolf av Sverige]] |
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[[nn:Gustav VI Adolf av Sverige]] |
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[[oc:Gustau VI Adòlf]] |
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[[pl:Gustaw VI Adolf]] |
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[[pt:Gustavo VI Adolfo da Suécia]] |
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[[ro:Gustaf al VI-lea Adolf al Suediei]] |
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[[ru:Густав VI Адольф]] |
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[[fi:Kustaa VI Aadolf]] |
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[[sv:Gustaf VI Adolf]] |
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[[th:สมเด็จพระราชาธิบดีกุสตาฟที่ 6 อดอล์ฟแห่งสวีเดน]] |
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[[tr:VI. Gustaf Adolf]] |
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[[zh:古斯塔夫六世·阿道夫]] |
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