Horabagrus brachysoma: Difference between revisions
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{{Taxobox |
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| name = |
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| status = NE |
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| status_system = iucn3.1 |
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| image = |
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| image_width = |
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| image_caption = |
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| regnum = [[Animalia]] |
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| phylum = [[Chordata]] |
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| classis = [[Actinopterygii]] |
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| ordo = [[Siluriformes]] |
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| familia = [[Bagridae]] |
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| species = '''''H. brachysoma''''' |
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| binomial = ''Horabagrus brachysoma'' |
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| binomial_authority = ([[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1864) |
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| synonyms = ''Macrones chryseus''<br /> |
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<small>(Day, 1865)</small><br /> |
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''Mystus chryseus''<br /> |
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<small>(Day, 1865</small><br /> |
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''Pseudobagrus brachysoma''<br /> |
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<small>Günther, 1864</small><br /> |
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''Pseudobagrus chryseus''<br /> |
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<small>Day, 1865</small><br /> |
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}} |
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'''''Horabagrus brachysoma''''' is a species of [[bagrid catfish]] [[endemism|endemic]] to [[India]]. It is known as "Günther's catfish" or "yellow catfish".<ref name=summary>{{cite journal|url=http://www.springerlink.com/content/616578362350w1u1/fulltext.pdf|title=Threatened fishes of the world: ''Horabagrus brachysoma'' (Gunther, 1864) (Bagridae)|first=P.H. Anvar|last=Ali, R. Raghavan & G. Prasad|journal=[[Environmental Biology of Fishes]]|year=2007|volume=78|pages=221|format=[[Portable Document Format|PDF]]|doi=10.1007/s10641-006-0022-4|last2=Raghavan|first2=R.|last3=Prasad|first3=G.|issue=3}}</ref> It is also known as ''manjakoori'' in its native range.<ref name=diet>{{cite journal|url=http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2006.01134.x|title=The diet of ''Horabagrus brachysoma'' (Gunther), an endangered bagrid catfish from Lake Vembanad (South India)|first=N.|last=Sreeraj|coauthors=Raghavan, R.; Prasad, G.|journal=[[Journal of Fish Biology]] |year=2006|volume=69|pages=637–642|doi=10.1111/j.1095-8649.2006.01134.x|issue=2}}</ref> It is also known by a host of other names, such as "bullseye catfish", "golden red tail catfish", "solar catfish", and "sun catfish".<ref name=pcbrachy>{{cite web|url=http://www.planetcatfish.com/catelog/species.php?species_id=159|title=PlanetCatfish::Cat-eLog::Horabagrus brachysoma|date=2006-02-26|accessdate=2007-05-18}}</ref> |
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== Distribution == |
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''H. brachysoma'' is known only from the [[Kerala Backwaters]], [[Vembanad Lake]] and the [[Uttara Kannada]] district of [[Karnataka]].<ref name=diet/><ref name=bhat>{{cite journal|url=http://www.geocities.com/fishyanu/horabagrus.pdf|title=New Report of the Species, ''Horabagrus brachysoma'' in Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka|first=Anuradha|last=Bhat|journal=[[Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society]] |year=2001|volume=98|issue=2|pages=294–296|format=[[Portable Document Format|PDF]]|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.geocities.com/fishyanu/horabagrus.pdf&date=2009-10-25+22:14:42|archivedate=2009-10-26}}</ref> |
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==Habitat and ecology== |
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''H. brachysoma'' is found in smooth flowing areas with much vegetation.<ref name=bhat/> This species occupies lowland areas of rivers and backwaters with mud or sand substrate. It has also been recorded in deep pools and hill streams.<ref name=summary/> |
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The diet of ''H. brachysoma'' has been studied. It is an unspecialized feeder and eats a variety of meaty foods. Food items include [[crustacean]]s, [[mollusc]]s, and [[fish]]. Adults may consume terrestrial [[insect]]s and even [[frog]]s. Stomachs of these fish contain [[detritus]] which is indicative of its bottom-feeding habits.<ref name=diet/> This flexible diet is beneficial in its variable habitat, in which food availality is affected by [[monsoon]]s.<ref name=diet/> Feeding rate is known to increase during the breeding season in the months following the monsoon season.<ref name=diet/> Spawning occurs before the monsoons and finishes by the southwest monsoon in the summer.<ref name=summary/> |
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== Relationships with Humans == |
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''H. Brachysoma'' is an important food fish in India and is also sold in the [[aquarium]] trade. While not having been evaluated by the IUCN, ''H. brachysoma'' is considered to be an [[endangered species]].<ref name=biodiversity>{{cite journal|url=http://www.lars2.org/unedited_papers/unedited_paper/Kurup.pdf|title=Biodiversity Status of Fishes Inhabiting Rivers of Kerala (S.India) with Special Reference to Endemism, Threats, and Conservation Measures|first=B.Madhusoodana|last=Kurup|coauthors=Radhakrishnan, K.V.; Manojkumar, T.G.|format=[[Portable Document Format|PDF]]}}</ref> [[overfishing|Overexploitation]], [[habitat destruction|habitat alteration]], [[pollution]] and related anthropogenic pressures on their natural habitats have considerably reduced populations of this species by 60–70% during the last few years.<ref name=diet/> |
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==References== |
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* {{FishBase species |genus= Horabagrus|species= brachysoma| month = December| year = 2011}} |
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{{reflist}} |
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[[Category: Bagridae]] |
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[[Category: Fish of Asia]] |
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[[Category: Fish of India]] |
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{{Siluriformes-stub}} |
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[[ca:Horabagrus brachysoma]] |
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[[es:Horabagrus brachysoma]] |
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[[nl:Horabagrus brachysoma]] |
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Revision as of 03:42, 10 January 2012
| Horabagrus brachysoma | |
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| Scientific classification | |
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| Species: | H. brachysoma
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| Binomial name | |
| Horabagrus brachysoma (Günther, 1864)
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| Synonyms | |
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Macrones chryseus | |
Horabagrus brachysoma is a species of bagrid catfish endemic to India. It is known as "Günther's catfish" or "yellow catfish".[1] It is also known as manjakoori in its native range.[2] It is also known by a host of other names, such as "bullseye catfish", "golden red tail catfish", "solar catfish", and "sun catfish".[3]
Distribution
H. brachysoma is known only from the Kerala Backwaters, Vembanad Lake and the Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka.[2][4]
Habitat and ecology
H. brachysoma is found in smooth flowing areas with much vegetation.[4] This species occupies lowland areas of rivers and backwaters with mud or sand substrate. It has also been recorded in deep pools and hill streams.[1]
The diet of H. brachysoma has been studied. It is an unspecialized feeder and eats a variety of meaty foods. Food items include crustaceans, molluscs, and fish. Adults may consume terrestrial insects and even frogs. Stomachs of these fish contain detritus which is indicative of its bottom-feeding habits.[2] This flexible diet is beneficial in its variable habitat, in which food availality is affected by monsoons.[2] Feeding rate is known to increase during the breeding season in the months following the monsoon season.[2] Spawning occurs before the monsoons and finishes by the southwest monsoon in the summer.[1]
Relationships with Humans
H. Brachysoma is an important food fish in India and is also sold in the aquarium trade. While not having been evaluated by the IUCN, H. brachysoma is considered to be an endangered species.[5] Overexploitation, habitat alteration, pollution and related anthropogenic pressures on their natural habitats have considerably reduced populations of this species by 60–70% during the last few years.[2]
References
- Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2011). "Horabagrus brachysoma" in FishBase. December 2011 version.
- ^ a b c Ali, R. Raghavan & G. Prasad, P.H. Anvar; Raghavan, R.; Prasad, G. (2007). "Threatened fishes of the world: Horabagrus brachysoma (Gunther, 1864) (Bagridae)" (PDF). Environmental Biology of Fishes. 78 (3): 221. doi:10.1007/s10641-006-0022-4.
- ^ a b c d e f Sreeraj, N. (2006). "The diet of Horabagrus brachysoma (Gunther), an endangered bagrid catfish from Lake Vembanad (South India)". Journal of Fish Biology. 69 (2): 637–642. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.2006.01134.x.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ "PlanetCatfish::Cat-eLog::Horabagrus brachysoma". 2006-02-26. Retrieved 2007-05-18.
- ^ a b Bhat, Anuradha (2001). "New Report of the Species, Horabagrus brachysoma in Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 98 (2): 294–296. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-10-26.
- ^ Kurup, B.Madhusoodana. "Biodiversity Status of Fishes Inhabiting Rivers of Kerala (S.India) with Special Reference to Endemism, Threats, and Conservation Measures" (PDF).
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help); Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help)
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