Swabian-Hall swine: Difference between revisions
Lizabeth83 (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
|||
| Line 9: | Line 9: | ||
The breed was started by King [[William I of Württemberg]], who imported Chinese [[Meishan (pig)|Meishan pigs]] in 1820 to crossbreed with the [[German Landrace]] with the idea of increasing the fat content. The breed proved popular and by 1959 totaled 90% of pigs in Baden-Württemberg. However, their popularity declined in the 1960s with the markets preferring leaner pork with less fat than the ''Swabian-Hall'' could offer. The breed was kept going in small numbers by enthusiastic farmers in the [[Hohenlohe (district)|Hohenlohe district]], although numbers were down to only seven breeding sows and two boars by 1984. The breed today has a high reputation amongst gourmets, having a darker meat and strong, distinctive flavour. Since 1998, Swabian-Hall pork (''Schwäbisch-Hällisches Qualitätsschweinfleisch'') is a name with [[Protected Geographical Status]] in the [[European Union]]; only pigs coming from the [[Schwäbisch Hall (district)|Swabian Hall]], Hohenlohe, and some adjacent districts can be sold under that name. There are now only around 1500 sows registered to this breed. All of these are from farms belonging to the ''Farmer Producer Association of Swabian Hall'' (''Bäuerliche Erzeugergemeinschaft Schwäbisch Hall''), who implement an inspection regime which strictly controls the quality of feed given to the animals. The ''Swabian-Hall Breeders Association'' (''Züchtervereinigung Schwäbisch Hällisches Schwein'') was formed (1986) before the Producers Association (1988) but the former is now a subsidiary of the latter.<ref>[http://www.ansi.okstate.edu/breeds/swine/swabianhall/index.htm "Swabian-Hall Swine"] @ [http://www.ansi.okstate.edu/ ''Oklahoma State University: Department of Animal Science'']</ref><ref>[http://www.media-bw.de/en/thema/thema_en_12982.html "Swabian Hall swine"] @ [http://www.media-bw.de/en/index.html ''Baden-Württemberg Media-Center: World Cup 2006'']</ref><ref>R. Bühler and B. Hamilton, "Schwäbisch Hällisches Landschwein, Germany", [ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/010/a1057e/a1057e.pdf ''People and Animals: Traditional Livestock Keepers: Guardians of Domestic Animal Diversity''], pp.61-64, [[Food and Agricultural Organization]] of the [[United Nations]].</ref><ref>[http://ecologic.eu/download/projekte/1800-1849/1802/schwabisch_hall_pork.pdf "Case Study: Schwäbisch-Hällisches Qualitätsschweinefleisch"] @ [http://ecologic.eu/ ''Ecological Institute'']</ref> |
The breed was started by King [[William I of Württemberg]], who imported Chinese [[Meishan (pig)|Meishan pigs]] in 1820 to crossbreed with the [[German Landrace]] with the idea of increasing the fat content. The breed proved popular and by 1959 totaled 90% of pigs in Baden-Württemberg. However, their popularity declined in the 1960s with the markets preferring leaner pork with less fat than the ''Swabian-Hall'' could offer. The breed was kept going in small numbers by enthusiastic farmers in the [[Hohenlohe (district)|Hohenlohe district]], although numbers were down to only seven breeding sows and two boars by 1984. The breed today has a high reputation amongst gourmets, having a darker meat and strong, distinctive flavour. Since 1998, Swabian-Hall pork (''Schwäbisch-Hällisches Qualitätsschweinfleisch'') is a name with [[Protected Geographical Status]] in the [[European Union]]; only pigs coming from the [[Schwäbisch Hall (district)|Swabian Hall]], Hohenlohe, and some adjacent districts can be sold under that name. There are now only around 1500 sows registered to this breed. All of these are from farms belonging to the ''Farmer Producer Association of Swabian Hall'' (''Bäuerliche Erzeugergemeinschaft Schwäbisch Hall''), who implement an inspection regime which strictly controls the quality of feed given to the animals. The ''Swabian-Hall Breeders Association'' (''Züchtervereinigung Schwäbisch Hällisches Schwein'') was formed (1986) before the Producers Association (1988) but the former is now a subsidiary of the latter.<ref>[http://www.ansi.okstate.edu/breeds/swine/swabianhall/index.htm "Swabian-Hall Swine"] @ [http://www.ansi.okstate.edu/ ''Oklahoma State University: Department of Animal Science'']</ref><ref>[http://www.media-bw.de/en/thema/thema_en_12982.html "Swabian Hall swine"] @ [http://www.media-bw.de/en/index.html ''Baden-Württemberg Media-Center: World Cup 2006'']</ref><ref>R. Bühler and B. Hamilton, "Schwäbisch Hällisches Landschwein, Germany", [ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/010/a1057e/a1057e.pdf ''People and Animals: Traditional Livestock Keepers: Guardians of Domestic Animal Diversity''], pp.61-64, [[Food and Agricultural Organization]] of the [[United Nations]].</ref><ref>[http://ecologic.eu/download/projekte/1800-1849/1802/schwabisch_hall_pork.pdf "Case Study: Schwäbisch-Hällisches Qualitätsschweinefleisch"] @ [http://ecologic.eu/ ''Ecological Institute'']</ref> |
||
A reconstruction of the Swabian Hall can be found in the United States, but only in one location, [http://rustikroosterfarms.com Rustik Rooster Farms] in [[Readlyn, Iowa]]. This crossbreed is called the [http://rustikroosterfarms.com/iowa-swabian-hall/ Iowa Swabian Hall] and was developed by Carl Edgar Blake II in 2008. In 2010, Blake's pigs won a heritage pork culinary contest, the [http://www.cochon555.com/ Cochon 555] in San Francisco.<ref>John Eligon, [http://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/01/us/with-iowa-swabian-hall-a-farmers-quest-for-perfect-pig.html "An Iowa Farmer's Quest For No Ordinary Pig"], "The New York Times", March 1, 2013</ref> |
|||
==Gallery== |
==Gallery== |
||
| Line 15: | Line 17: | ||
file:Sh-landschweine.jpg| |
file:Sh-landschweine.jpg| |
||
</gallery> |
</gallery> |
||
A reconstruction of the Swabian Hall can be found in the United States, but are only found in a small town: [[Readlyn, Iowa]]. |
|||
==References== |
==References== |
||
Revision as of 07:01, 29 March 2013
 Swabian-Hall Swine | |
| Country of origin | Germany |
|---|---|
| Traits | |
| |
The Swabian-Hall Swine (Schwäbisch-Hällisches Schwein) is a breed of domestic pig originating from Schwäbisch Hall in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is a large pig, white in the centre with a black head and rear and narrow grey bands at the transition from white to black skin. They have large litters averaging more than nine piglets.
The breed was started by King William I of Württemberg, who imported Chinese Meishan pigs in 1820 to crossbreed with the German Landrace with the idea of increasing the fat content. The breed proved popular and by 1959 totaled 90% of pigs in Baden-Württemberg. However, their popularity declined in the 1960s with the markets preferring leaner pork with less fat than the Swabian-Hall could offer. The breed was kept going in small numbers by enthusiastic farmers in the Hohenlohe district, although numbers were down to only seven breeding sows and two boars by 1984. The breed today has a high reputation amongst gourmets, having a darker meat and strong, distinctive flavour. Since 1998, Swabian-Hall pork (Schwäbisch-Hällisches Qualitätsschweinfleisch) is a name with Protected Geographical Status in the European Union; only pigs coming from the Swabian Hall, Hohenlohe, and some adjacent districts can be sold under that name. There are now only around 1500 sows registered to this breed. All of these are from farms belonging to the Farmer Producer Association of Swabian Hall (Bäuerliche Erzeugergemeinschaft Schwäbisch Hall), who implement an inspection regime which strictly controls the quality of feed given to the animals. The Swabian-Hall Breeders Association (Züchtervereinigung Schwäbisch Hällisches Schwein) was formed (1986) before the Producers Association (1988) but the former is now a subsidiary of the latter.[1][2][3][4]
A reconstruction of the Swabian Hall can be found in the United States, but only in one location, Rustik Rooster Farms in Readlyn, Iowa. This crossbreed is called the Iowa Swabian Hall and was developed by Carl Edgar Blake II in 2008. In 2010, Blake's pigs won a heritage pork culinary contest, the Cochon 555 in San Francisco.[5]
Gallery
References
- ^ "Swabian-Hall Swine" @ Oklahoma State University: Department of Animal Science
- ^ "Swabian Hall swine" @ Baden-Württemberg Media-Center: World Cup 2006
- ^ R. Bühler and B. Hamilton, "Schwäbisch Hällisches Landschwein, Germany", People and Animals: Traditional Livestock Keepers: Guardians of Domestic Animal Diversity, pp.61-64, Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations.
- ^ "Case Study: Schwäbisch-Hällisches Qualitätsschweinefleisch" @ Ecological Institute
- ^ John Eligon, "An Iowa Farmer's Quest For No Ordinary Pig", "The New York Times", March 1, 2013