Jump to content

Chibuene: Difference between revisions

Edit links
Coordinates: 22°01′59″S 35°19′30″E / 22.033°S 35.325°E / -22.033; 35.325
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
No edit summary
No edit summary
Line 3: Line 3:


'''Brief Overview of the Site'''
'''Brief Overview of the Site'''
The archaeological site was occupied from approximately AD 600 to AD 1700 continuously and into the present, intermittently. This site participated in the [[Indian Ocean trade network]] and is currently the most southern located site on the eastern African coast.[1] Archaeological samples at the site revealed that Chibuene's occupation contained two major periods of occupation. The objects presented in the lower deposits contained glazed and unglazed pottery, glass, iron fragments, and beads made of shell and glass. The upper layers contained a distinguishable change in ceramic typology. In addition, two types of imported glazed pottery have been recovered from the site.[2] The main subsistence pattern of the inhabitants of the site appeared to derive from the coast which included fish, marine mammals, and reptiles. Additionally, contemporary farmers in the region produce maize, sorghum, manioc, beans, and peanuts.[3]
The archaeological site was occupied from approximately AD 600 to AD 1700 continuously and into the present, intermittently. This site participated in the [[Indian Ocean trade network]] and is currently the most southern located site on the eastern African coast.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Wood|first1=Marilee|last2=Dussubieux|first2=Laure|last3=Robertshaw|first3=Peter|title=The Glass of Chibuene|journal=South African Archaeological Bulletin|date=2012|volume=59|page=195}}</ref> Archaeological samples at the site revealed that Chibuene's occupation contained two major periods of occupation. The objects presented in the lower deposits contained glazed and unglazed pottery, glass, iron fragments, and beads made of shell and glass. The upper layers contained a distinguishable change in ceramic typology. In addition, two types of imported glazed pottery have been recovered from the site.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Sinclair|first1=Pual|title=Chibuene: An Early Trading Site in Southern Mozambique|journal=Paideuma|date=1982|volume=28|page=152}}</ref> The main subsistence pattern of the inhabitants of the site appeared to derive from the coast which included fish, marine mammals, and reptiles. Additionally, contemporary farmers in the region produce maize, sorghum, manioc, beans, and peanuts.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Ibid.|page=197}}</ref>


The lower layers of occupation contained the presence of early [[Matola]] pottery typically associated with early farming communities in the region. In addition to glass beads which revealed the locations importance as an entry point for glass which later found its way into the interior by the end of the first millennium AD.[4] The site likely contributed to glass beads presented in sites within [[Shashe-Limpopo]], the [[Zimbabwe Plateau]], and [[Botswana]] to about AD 1000.[5] The considerable amount of glass and shell recovered in the lower occupation deposits suggested the site trading extensively within the Indian Ocean trade network in the late first millennium AD.
The lower layers of occupation contained the presence of early [[Matola]] pottery typically associated with early farming communities in the region. In addition to glass beads which revealed the locations importance as an entry point for glass which later found its way into the interior by the end of the first millennium AD.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Ekblom|first1=Anneli|last2=Eichhor|first2=Barbara|last3=Paul|first3=Sinclair|last4=Badenhorst|first4=Shaw|last5=Berger|first5=Amelie|title=Land Use History and Resource Utilisation from AD 400 to the Present at Chibuene, Southern Mozambique|journal=Veget Historical Archaeology|date=2014|volume=23|page=18}}</ref> The site likely contributed to glass beads presented in sites within [[Shashe-Limpopo]], the [[Zimbabwe Plateau]], and [[Botswana]] to about AD 1000.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Wood|title=Glass of Chibuene|page=60}}</ref> The considerable amount of glass and shell recovered in the lower occupation deposits suggested the site trading extensively within the Indian Ocean trade network in the late first millennium AD.


[[Manyikeni]], a Zimbabwean traditional style of stone walled settlement 10 km west of Chibuene, possibly gained control of the site after AD 1200. This is attested by the increased similarity of later occupation deposits containing pottery similar in character to Manyikeni.[6] In addition, this is corroborated by the presence of marine shell and imports from Indian ocean trade in the context of Manyikeni deposits suggesting the coast and hinterlands were connected through trade networks. Chibuene acted as the way point for entry of materials and resources from the eastern coast and the trade network it provided.
[[Manyikeni]], a Zimbabwean traditional style of stone walled settlement 10 km west of Chibuene, possibly gained control of the site after AD 1200. This is attested by the increased similarity of later occupation deposits containing pottery similar in character to Manyikeni.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Ekblom|title=Land Use History|page=18}}</ref> In addition, this is corroborated by the presence of marine shell and imports from Indian ocean trade in the context of Manyikeni deposits suggesting the coast and hinterlands were connected through trade networks. Chibuene acted as the way point for entry of materials and resources from the eastern coast and the trade network it provided.


Jump up ^ Wood, Marilee; Dussubieux, Laure; Robertshaw, Peter (2012). "The Glass of Chibuene, Mozambique: New Insights into Early Indian Ocean Trade". South African Archaeological Bulletin 67 (195): 59.
Jump up ^ Sinclair, Paul (1982). "Chibuene: An Early Trading Site in Southern Mozambique". Paideuma 28: 152.
Jump up ^ Ibid. Missing or empty |title= (help)
Jump up ^ Ekblom, Anneli; Eichhorn, Barbara; Sinclair, Paul; Badenhorst, Shaw; Berger, Amelie (2014). "Land Use History and Resource Utilisation from A.D. 400 to the Present at Chibuene, Southern Mozambique". Veget Historical Archaeology 23: 18.
Jump up ^ Wood. "Glass of Chibuene". p. 60.
Jump up ^ Ekblom. "Land Use History". p. 18.


==Sources and external links==
==Sources and external links==

Revision as of 04:12, 28 October 2014

Chibuene is a Mozambiquean archaeological site, located five kilometres south of the coastal city of Vilanculos South Beach. The site was occupied during two distinct phases. The earlier phase of occupation dates to the late first millennium AD. The second phase dates from around 1450 and is contemporaneous with the Great Zimbabwe civilization in the African interior. During both phases of its development Chibuene was a trading settlement. Trade goods obtained from the site include glass beads, painted blue and white ceramics, and glass bottle fragments. The later phase of settlement has yielded remains of ancient structures as well as evidence of metallurgy. Crucibles have been found that were presumably used to melt gold obtained from trade with the Great Zimbabwe civilization. There is evidence that Chibuene traded extensively with the inland settlement of Manyikeni. Mozambique has jointly inscribed these two properties on their tentative version of the World Heritage List.


Brief Overview of the Site The archaeological site was occupied from approximately AD 600 to AD 1700 continuously and into the present, intermittently. This site participated in the Indian Ocean trade network and is currently the most southern located site on the eastern African coast.[1] Archaeological samples at the site revealed that Chibuene's occupation contained two major periods of occupation. The objects presented in the lower deposits contained glazed and unglazed pottery, glass, iron fragments, and beads made of shell and glass. The upper layers contained a distinguishable change in ceramic typology. In addition, two types of imported glazed pottery have been recovered from the site.[2] The main subsistence pattern of the inhabitants of the site appeared to derive from the coast which included fish, marine mammals, and reptiles. Additionally, contemporary farmers in the region produce maize, sorghum, manioc, beans, and peanuts.[3]

The lower layers of occupation contained the presence of early Matola pottery typically associated with early farming communities in the region. In addition to glass beads which revealed the locations importance as an entry point for glass which later found its way into the interior by the end of the first millennium AD.[4] The site likely contributed to glass beads presented in sites within Shashe-Limpopo, the Zimbabwe Plateau, and Botswana to about AD 1000.[5] The considerable amount of glass and shell recovered in the lower occupation deposits suggested the site trading extensively within the Indian Ocean trade network in the late first millennium AD.

Manyikeni, a Zimbabwean traditional style of stone walled settlement 10 km west of Chibuene, possibly gained control of the site after AD 1200. This is attested by the increased similarity of later occupation deposits containing pottery similar in character to Manyikeni.[6] In addition, this is corroborated by the presence of marine shell and imports from Indian ocean trade in the context of Manyikeni deposits suggesting the coast and hinterlands were connected through trade networks. Chibuene acted as the way point for entry of materials and resources from the eastern coast and the trade network it provided.


22°01′59″S 35°19′30″E / 22.033°S 35.325°E / -22.033; 35.325 The tourist area now known as Vilanculos South Beach

  1. ^ Wood, Marilee; Dussubieux, Laure; Robertshaw, Peter (2012). "The Glass of Chibuene". South African Archaeological Bulletin. 59: 195.
  2. ^ Sinclair, Pual (1982). "Chibuene: An Early Trading Site in Southern Mozambique". Paideuma. 28: 152.
  3. ^ Ibid. : 197. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
  4. ^ Ekblom, Anneli; Eichhor, Barbara; Paul, Sinclair; Badenhorst, Shaw; Berger, Amelie (2014). "Land Use History and Resource Utilisation from AD 400 to the Present at Chibuene, Southern Mozambique". Veget Historical Archaeology. 23: 18.
  5. ^ Wood. "Glass of Chibuene": 60. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  6. ^ Ekblom. "Land Use History": 18. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chibuene&oldid=631419933"