Capillary refill: Difference between revisions
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'''Capillary refill time''' (CRT) is defined as the time taken for color to return to an external capillary bed after pressure is applied to cause blanching.<ref>{{cite journal|last=King|first=D|author2=Morton, R |author3=Bevan, C |title=How to use capillary refill time.|journal=Archives of disease in childhood. Education and practice edition|date=Nov 13, 2013|pmid=24227793|doi=10.1136/archdischild-2013-305198|volume=99|pages=111–116}}</ref> It can be measured by holding a hand higher than heart-level, pressing the soft pad of a finger or fingernail until it turns white, and taking note of the time needed for the color to return once pressure is released.<ref>http://www.scripps.org/articles/2748-capillary-nail-refill-test</ref> Normal capillary refill time is usually less than 2 seconds. In newborn [[infants]], capillary refill time can be measured by pressing on the [[Human sternum|sternum]] for five seconds with a finger or thumb, and noting the time needed for the color to return once the pressure is released. The upper normal limit for capillary refill in newborns is |
'''Capillary refill time''' (CRT) is defined as the time taken for color to return to an external capillary bed after pressure is applied to cause blanching.<ref>{{cite journal|last=King|first=D|author2=Morton, R |author3=Bevan, C |title=How to use capillary refill time.|journal=Archives of disease in childhood. Education and practice edition|date=Nov 13, 2013|pmid=24227793|doi=10.1136/archdischild-2013-305198|volume=99|pages=111–116}}</ref> It can be measured by holding a hand higher than heart-level, pressing the soft pad of a finger or fingernail until it turns white, and taking note of the time needed for the color to return once pressure is released.<ref>http://www.scripps.org/articles/2748-capillary-nail-refill-test</ref> Normal capillary refill time is usually less than 2 seconds. In newborn [[infants]], capillary refill time can be measured by pressing on the [[Human sternum|sternum]] for five seconds with a finger or thumb, and noting the time needed for the color to return once the pressure is released. The upper normal limit for capillary refill in newborns is 3 seconds.<ref>{{cite journal | author=Krzysztof S Strozik, Clarissa H Pieper, Jacques Roller |title=Capillary refilling time in newborn babies: normal values |issue=3 | date=1997-01-13 | doi=10.1136/fn.76.3.F193 | url= http://fn.bmj.com/content/76/3/F193.abstract | volume=76 | journal=Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition | pages=F193–F196}}</ref> Capillary refill time can also be assessed in animals by pressing on their [[gums]] as opposed to the sternum which is generally covered with fur or inaccessible. |
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A prolonged capillary refill time may be a sign of shock and can also indicate dehydration and [[decreased peripheral perfusion]].<ref>{{ cite web| url=http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003394.htm| author= David C. Dugdale, III, MD| title=Capillary nail refill test|date=2009-05-07 |accessdate=2010-11-27}}</ref> Prolonged capillary refill time may also suggest [[Peripheral Vascular Disease]].<ref>http://www.scripps.org/articles/2748-capillary-nail-refill-test</ref> It is generally accepted that the test is affected by many different external factors and therefore should not be relied upon as a universal diagnostic measure.<ref>{{cite journal|last=King|first=D|author2=Morton, R |author3=Bevan, C |title=How to use capillary refill time.|journal=Archives of disease in childhood. Education and practice edition|date=Nov 13, 2013|pmid=24227793|doi=10.1136/archdischild-2013-305198|volume=99|pages=111–116}}</ref> |
A prolonged capillary refill time may be a sign of shock and can also indicate dehydration and [[decreased peripheral perfusion]].<ref>{{ cite web| url=http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003394.htm| author= David C. Dugdale, III, MD| title=Capillary nail refill test|date=2009-05-07 |accessdate=2010-11-27}}</ref> Prolonged capillary refill time may also suggest [[Peripheral Vascular Disease]].<ref>http://www.scripps.org/articles/2748-capillary-nail-refill-test</ref> It is generally accepted that the test is affected by many different external factors and therefore should not be relied upon as a universal diagnostic measure.<ref>{{cite journal|last=King|first=D|author2=Morton, R |author3=Bevan, C |title=How to use capillary refill time.|journal=Archives of disease in childhood. Education and practice edition|date=Nov 13, 2013|pmid=24227793|doi=10.1136/archdischild-2013-305198|volume=99|pages=111–116}}</ref> |
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Revision as of 22:03, 27 June 2015
Capillary refill time (CRT) is defined as the time taken for color to return to an external capillary bed after pressure is applied to cause blanching.[1] It can be measured by holding a hand higher than heart-level, pressing the soft pad of a finger or fingernail until it turns white, and taking note of the time needed for the color to return once pressure is released.[2] Normal capillary refill time is usually less than 2 seconds. In newborn infants, capillary refill time can be measured by pressing on the sternum for five seconds with a finger or thumb, and noting the time needed for the color to return once the pressure is released. The upper normal limit for capillary refill in newborns is 3 seconds.[3] Capillary refill time can also be assessed in animals by pressing on their gums as opposed to the sternum which is generally covered with fur or inaccessible.
A prolonged capillary refill time may be a sign of shock and can also indicate dehydration and decreased peripheral perfusion.[4] Prolonged capillary refill time may also suggest Peripheral Vascular Disease.[5] It is generally accepted that the test is affected by many different external factors and therefore should not be relied upon as a universal diagnostic measure.[6]
See also
References
- ^ King, D; Morton, R; Bevan, C (Nov 13, 2013). "How to use capillary refill time". Archives of disease in childhood. Education and practice edition. 99: 111–116. doi:10.1136/archdischild-2013-305198. PMID 24227793.
- ^ http://www.scripps.org/articles/2748-capillary-nail-refill-test
- ^ Krzysztof S Strozik, Clarissa H Pieper, Jacques Roller (1997-01-13). "Capillary refilling time in newborn babies: normal values". Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition. 76 (3): F193–F196. doi:10.1136/fn.76.3.F193.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ David C. Dugdale, III, MD (2009-05-07). "Capillary nail refill test". Retrieved 2010-11-27.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ http://www.scripps.org/articles/2748-capillary-nail-refill-test
- ^ King, D; Morton, R; Bevan, C (Nov 13, 2013). "How to use capillary refill time". Archives of disease in childhood. Education and practice edition. 99: 111–116. doi:10.1136/archdischild-2013-305198. PMID 24227793.
Emergency Care of the Sick and Wounded, AAOS, Tenth Edition
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