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Children’s Aid Society was created in 1853 in New York to aid with the rising number of orphans in the city. Created by Rev. [[Charles Loring Brace]] and other reformers, the Children’s Aid Society can be described as the beginning of child welfare in America. To deal with this (? missing word) of children, the reverend created the [[Orphan Train|Orphan Train Movement]], sending over 30,000 orphaned children across the country to settle with farming families. (CAS website) |
Children’s Aid Society was created in 1853 in New York to aid with the rising number of orphans in the city. Created by Rev. [[Charles Loring Brace]] and other reformers, the Children’s Aid Society can be described as the beginning of child welfare in America. To deal with this (? missing word) of children, the reverend created the [[Orphan Train|Orphan Train Movement]], sending over 30,000 orphaned children across the country to settle with farming families. (CAS website) |
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Almost 40 years later, Canada’s Children’s Aid Society was founded in Toronto, by social reformer [[John Joseph Kelso]], in 1891. A former reporter for the World and the Globe, he also founded the [[Toronto Humane Society|Toronto Humane Society]] (1887), was appointed as first superintendent of neglected children in Ontario, and helped develop and establish Children’s Aid Societies in provinces across the country. <ref>http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/john-joseph-kelso/</ref> One of his notable achievements lies in the passing of the Children’s Protection Act by the Canadian Government in 1888 in cooperation with Canada’s Humane Society, a bill that gave the government more input in children's welfare. He later became known as the “children’s friend” for his child welfare advocacy. He remained active in children and women’s social causes until his retirement in 1934. |
Almost 40 years later, Canada’s Children’s Aid Society was founded in Toronto, by social reformer [[John Joseph Kelso]], in 1891. A former reporter for the World and the Globe, he also founded the [[Toronto Humane Society|Toronto Humane Society]] (1887), was appointed as first superintendent of neglected children in Ontario, and helped develop and establish Children’s Aid Societies in provinces across the country. <ref>http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/john-joseph-kelso/</ref> One of his notable achievements lies in the passing of the Children’s Protection Act by the Canadian Government in 1888 in cooperation with Canada’s Humane Society, a bill that gave the government more input in children's welfare. He later became known as the “children’s friend” for his child welfare advocacy. He remained active in children and women’s social causes until his retirement in 1934. |
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Industrialization had created cramped quarters and Toronto found itself full of poverty stricken and working class individuals suffering under poor sanitary conditions. The influx of immigrants and lay men seeking work left many children abandoned due to economic circumstances. Due to a lack of a law similar to the British Poor Act, which provided assistance to the needy, there was little public action for the poor, as the attitude that society “valued those who were self-supporting, respectable and hard-working” <ref>p.19 of A Legacy of Caring: A History of the Children's Aid Society of Toronto by Gail Aitken</ref> remained from Canada’s pioneer days. |
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There was also the issue of ‘[[Home Children]]’ sent from British Colonies, often through organizations like [[Dr. Barnardo]]’s Homes. According to the Ontario Association of Children’s Aid Societies, between 1870 and 1957 more than 100,000 children (70,000 in Ontario alone) were sent from overseas. <ref>http://www.oacas.org/who-we-are/our-history/100th-anniversary/</ref> Although some work placements were successful, “[t]he successes of placements appeared to be often focused on the needs of the family rather than on the needs of the child.”(needs a reference) |
There was also the issue of ‘[[Home Children]]’ sent from British Colonies, often through organizations like [[Dr. Barnardo]]’s Homes. According to the Ontario Association of Children’s Aid Societies, between 1870 and 1957 more than 100,000 children (70,000 in Ontario alone) were sent from overseas. <ref>http://www.oacas.org/who-we-are/our-history/100th-anniversary/</ref> Although some work placements were successful, “[t]he successes of placements appeared to be often focused on the needs of the family rather than on the needs of the child.”(needs a reference) |
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After being placed in communal ‘receiving residences’ before being sent off to rural homes, children often worked as domestics or farm help for their new families. |
After being placed in communal ‘receiving residences’ before being sent off to rural homes, children often worked as domestics or farm help for their new families. |
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Revision as of 20:57, 30 March 2016
This is my sandbox page to help me practice codes for school.
Plan to add new History section to [Children's Aid Society (Ontario)] Wiki page, as a university class project.
Suggestions are welcome.
As discussed on the Talk page, it has come to my attention that the Canadian CAS page is in dire need of a history section. I propose to detail this foundation’s history by detailing how the Society was founded, and set in within the historical context it was created in a new section. I will also include important components, such a detailing the significance of orphan trains and the possible effects they had on CAS as well as give a bit more background on the society’s founder, Charles Loring Brace. It is my impression that a timeline of sorts is also necessary, detailing important events in the Society’s opening years, and plan on detailing relevant events in the subsequent decades. I estimate that my timeline of subject matter will likely span from the 1850s to the early 1960s. While I realize that records of CAS are largely hard to find, I believe that my sources will prove beneficial in clarifying and expanding this Wiki page. My proposed sources can be found below. Please let me know your thoughts, recommendations, and feel free to comment, thank you.
Aitken, Gail. “Changing Adoption Policy and Practice to Deal with Children in Limbo.” Child Welfare 74, 3 (1995): 679.
Chambers, Lori. Misconceptions: Unmarried Motherhood & the Ontario Children of Unmarried Parents Act, 1921-1969. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2007.
Hasan, Jack.“Brace, Charles Loring – Social Welfare History Project,” Social Welfare and History Project, http://www.socialwelfarehistory.com/people/brace-charles-loring/ (February 9, 2016).
O'Connor, Stephen. Orphan Trains: The Story of Charles Loring Brace and the Children He Saved and Failed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2001.
Trammell, Rebecca S. "Orphan Train Myths and Legal Reality." The Modern American, Fall 2009, 3-13. Accessed February 9, 2016. https://www.wcl.american.edu/modernamerican/documents/Trammell.pdf
Unknown, “History of Firsts,” The Children’s Aid Society, http://www.childrensaidsociety.org/about/history/history-firsts (February 8, 2016).
Frozen-constellations (talk) 17:39, 11 February 2016 (UTC)
Childrens Aid Society (Ontario) First Draft
Children’s Aid Society was created in 1853 in New York to aid with the rising number of orphans in the city. Created by Rev. Charles Loring Brace and other reformers, the Children’s Aid Society can be described as the beginning of child welfare in America. To deal with this (? missing word) of children, the reverend created the Orphan Train Movement, sending over 30,000 orphaned children across the country to settle with farming families. (CAS website) Almost 40 years later, Canada’s Children’s Aid Society was founded in Toronto, by social reformer John Joseph Kelso, in 1891. A former reporter for the World and the Globe, he also founded the Toronto Humane Society (1887), was appointed as first superintendent of neglected children in Ontario, and helped develop and establish Children’s Aid Societies in provinces across the country. [1] One of his notable achievements lies in the passing of the Children’s Protection Act by the Canadian Government in 1888 in cooperation with Canada’s Humane Society, a bill that gave the government more input in children's welfare. He later became known as the “children’s friend” for his child welfare advocacy. He remained active in children and women’s social causes until his retirement in 1934.
Industrialization had created cramped quarters and Toronto found itself full of poverty stricken and working class individuals suffering under poor sanitary conditions. The influx of immigrants and lay men seeking work left many children abandoned due to economic circumstances. Due to a lack of a law similar to the British Poor Act, which provided assistance to the needy, there was little public action for the poor, as the attitude that society “valued those who were self-supporting, respectable and hard-working” [2] remained from Canada’s pioneer days.
There was also the issue of ‘Home Children’ sent from British Colonies, often through organizations like Dr. Barnardo’s Homes. According to the Ontario Association of Children’s Aid Societies, between 1870 and 1957 more than 100,000 children (70,000 in Ontario alone) were sent from overseas. [3] Although some work placements were successful, “[t]he successes of placements appeared to be often focused on the needs of the family rather than on the needs of the child.”(needs a reference) After being placed in communal ‘receiving residences’ before being sent off to rural homes, children often worked as domestics or farm help for their new families. Until 1897, Ontario had no legislation to regulate child agencies. After this bill (what bill? from 1897? does it have a name?) was passed, it became Children’s Aid Societies' responsibility to ensure the safety and well being of the children in homes. The 1920s (especially after the League of Nations’s Children’s Charter of Rights) saw a push of activism for government legislation and funding for public welfare, that lead to the creation of the Department of Welfare in 1931. [4] Orphaned or abandoned children were seen as a threat to social balance and were often placed in adult prisons. [5] Prior to 1927, adoption was permanent until the introduction of temporary wardship. This is largely believed to stem from the changing sentiment that parents could learn to take care of their children and that the two parties should not suffer through a permanently severed bond. During the interwar years and the Depression, it wasn’t uncommon to see children displaced from their families due to a lack of food or shelter. Thought to be resilient, it wasn’t until after WWII that agencies and child welfare activists began to question the effects of displacement on children, creating a greater awareness of children’s needs. [6] It wasn’t until the 1960s that initiatives to create programs for family support were taken. Frozen-constellations (talk) 16:41, 24 March 2016 (UTC)
Good information, though I wonder what purpose the offset block of text serves.LadyLessa (talk) 22:39, 27 March 2016 (UTC)
- ^ http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/john-joseph-kelso/
- ^ p.19 of A Legacy of Caring: A History of the Children's Aid Society of Toronto by Gail Aitken
- ^ http://www.oacas.org/who-we-are/our-history/100th-anniversary/
- ^ http://www.oacas.org/who-we-are/our-history/
- ^ http://www.fcsgw.org/about-us/history-of-child-welfare-in-ontario/
- ^ http://www.fcsgw.org/about-us/history-of-child-welfare-in-ontario/