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===Object size estimation=== |
===Object size estimation=== |
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There exist a variety of illusions that make objects appear bigger or smaller than are are in reality. Two such illusions are the [[Ebbinghaus illusion|Ebbinghaus]] and the [[Ponzo illusion|Ponzo]] illusions. The Ebbinghaus illusion makes a dot seem bigger because it is surrounded by smaller dots, while the Ponzo illusion exploits human [[Perspective_(visual)#Linear_perspective|perspective]] processing by making a dot appear bigger because it seems farther away. Schwarzkopf et al.<ref name="surface_V1" /> found that the size of the [[Visual_cortex#Primary_visual_cortex_.28V1.29|primary visual cortex (V1)]] has an effect on the magnitude of these illusions. The larger the subject's V1 surface area was, the less the subjects fell for the illusion. This is hypothesized to be due to the fact that a larger V1 dedicated to the same portion of the visual field means a lesser effect of later, fixed-size visual areas (which are the ones that are responsible for the illusion effect).<ref name="surface_V1">{{cite journal | url=http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v14/n1/full/nn.2706.html | title=The surface area of human V1 predicts the subjective experience of object size | author= |
There exist a variety of illusions that make objects appear bigger or smaller than are are in reality. Two such illusions are the [[Ebbinghaus illusion|Ebbinghaus]] and the [[Ponzo illusion|Ponzo]] illusions. The Ebbinghaus illusion makes a dot seem bigger because it is surrounded by smaller dots, while the Ponzo illusion exploits human [[Perspective_(visual)#Linear_perspective|perspective]] processing by making a dot appear bigger because it seems farther away. Schwarzkopf et al.<ref name="surface_V1" /> found that the size of the [[Visual_cortex#Primary_visual_cortex_.28V1.29|primary visual cortex (V1)]] has an effect on the magnitude of these illusions. The larger the subject's V1 surface area was, the less the subjects fell for the illusion. This is hypothesized to be due to the fact that a larger V1 dedicated to the same portion of the visual field means a lesser effect of later, fixed-size visual areas (which are the ones that are responsible for the illusion effect).<ref name="surface_V1">{{cite journal | url=http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v14/n1/full/nn.2706.html | title=The surface area of human V1 predicts the subjective experience of object size | author=Schwarzkopf, D Samuel | journal=Nature Neuroscience | year=2011 | issue=14 | pages=28–30 | doi=10.1038/nn.2706}}</ref> |
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==Auditory Illusions== |
==Auditory Illusions== |
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Revision as of 11:54, 24 August 2016
Title: Interindividual differences in illusion perception
Interindividual differences in illusion perception describes the effect that differences in brain structure or factor such as upbringing and environment have on the perception of illusions.
Optical Illusions
Bistable Motion
A motion quartet is a bistable stimulus - it consists of two dots that change their position from frame to frame. This position change can either be interpreted as horizontal or vertical movement by viewers, and this experience can change during viewing to the other interpretation. Depending on the aspect ratio of the two dots' positions, one or the other state is perceived longer or more often. At at aspect ratio of one, the illusion is biased towards the vertical perception. The reason for this might be the way the human brain processes the signals from both eyes in the visual system. The right half of an eye's field of view is processed by the left hemisphere, and the left half by the right hemisphere. A stimulus moving vertically only involves one field of view and so one hemisphere, while a stimulus moving vertically from one field of view to the other involves both hemispheres, and requires communication between them. The delay caused by this additional signalling might be the cause for the bias.[1] There are also individual differences in the way the motion quartet is perceived: Some people require a different aspect ratio to perceive both axes of movement than others. A study using diffusion tensor imaging further showed differences in the structure of the corpus callosum, the primary connection between the two hemispheres, might be the origin of these differences.[2]
Object size estimation
There exist a variety of illusions that make objects appear bigger or smaller than are are in reality. Two such illusions are the Ebbinghaus and the Ponzo illusions. The Ebbinghaus illusion makes a dot seem bigger because it is surrounded by smaller dots, while the Ponzo illusion exploits human perspective processing by making a dot appear bigger because it seems farther away. Schwarzkopf et al.[3] found that the size of the primary visual cortex (V1) has an effect on the magnitude of these illusions. The larger the subject's V1 surface area was, the less the subjects fell for the illusion. This is hypothesized to be due to the fact that a larger V1 dedicated to the same portion of the visual field means a lesser effect of later, fixed-size visual areas (which are the ones that are responsible for the illusion effect).[3]
Auditory Illusions
Multisensory Illusions
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3795069/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22390292
Effect of Culture on Perception
possible sources
important WP policies
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_and_using_primary_sources because we will mainly have primary sources. High priority: find secondary source
References
- ^ Chaudhuri, Avi (1991). "Metastable motion anisotropy". Visual Neuroscience. 7 (5): 397–407. PMID 1764411.
- ^ Genç, Erhan (2011). "Interhemispheric Connections Shape Subjective Experience of Bistable Motion". Current Biology. 21 (17): 1494–1499. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2011.08.003.
- ^ a b Schwarzkopf, D Samuel (2011). "The surface area of human V1 predicts the subjective experience of object size". Nature Neuroscience (14): 28–30. doi:10.1038/nn.2706.