Thaumatophyllum adamantinum
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Thaumatophyllum adamantinum is a plant in the genus Thaumatophyllum, in the family Araceae.
Previously thaumatophyllum adamantinum was called philodendron adamantinum[1], until DNA sequencing determined it to be a different plant.
Description
Growth Habitat
T. adamantinum grows in the seasonally dry tropical biome[2].
| Thaumatophyllum adamantinum | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Alismatales |
| Family: | Araceae |
| Genus: | Thaumatophyllum |
| Species: | T. adamantinum
|
| Binomial name | |
| Thaumatophyllum adamantinum Sakur., Calazans & Mayo
| |
Appearance
Thaumatophyllum adamantinum is a shrub[2]. The plant grows up to 5' or 1.5m tall[3].
Leaves
T. adamantinum leaves are glossy green, oval in shape, and have 3-5 laterally divided lobes[3]. Leaves are widest as the midpoint, shorter both at the apex and at the base. While green, some leaves may be slightly pinkish near the petiole[3]. Leaves are 6.6" (17cm) to 12" (30.5cm) in width[3].
Roots
In the wild T. adamantinum adventitious roots can spread 33' or 10m in all directions[3].
Stem
The stems grow both decumbent or erect and is both green and glossy[3].
Reproduction
Thaumatophyllum adamantinum reproduces sexually through flowers and stamens. Flowers are inflorescent with a 2-5cm peduncle, 6.4-11.4cm single leaf surrounding the stamen (called a spathe), and a 5.5cm-12.5cm spadix. The spathe is green with a creamy white inner surface. Flowers have 5 staminodesand cylindrical petals. Berries are oblong and generate 2.5mm long oblong seeds containing oily droplets.
Distribution
T. adamantinum is native to South America, namely to Southeast Brazil, but is also cultivated as a houseplant in cooler climates.
Cultivation
Propagation
T. adamantinum can be propagated by taking cuttings. With a sterilized sharp knife, cut off a section with multiple aerial roots and leaves at a sharp angle. The cutting can then be rooted in water, soil, or in sphagnum moss[4].
Toxicology
Like their relative Philodendron, Thaumatophyllum are poisonous to vertebrates, but vary in their toxicity levels. They contain calcium oxalate crystals in raphide bundles, which are poisonous and irritating. The sap may cause skin irritation. Chewing and/or ingesting parts of the plant may result in severe swelling and compromised respiratory functions.
References
- ^ taxonomy. "Taxonomy browser (Thaumatophyllum adamantinum)". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2023-01-25.
- ^ a b "Thaumatophyllum adamantinum (Mart. ex Schott) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2023-01-25.
- ^ a b c d e f "Philodendron adamantinum [Mart. ex Schott ]". cate-araceae.myspecies.info. Retrieved 2023-01-25.
- ^ "how to propagate a split-leaf philodendron: easy guide". 2021-11-26. Retrieved 2023-01-25.