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Spanish destroyer Audaz (1951)

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History
NameAudaz
BuilderSociedad Española de Construcción Naval, Ferrol
Laid down26 September 1945
Launched24 January 1951
Completed30 June 1953
FateStricken 1974
General characteristics
Class and typeAudaz-class destroyer
Displacement1,124 t (1,106 long tons) standard
Length93.9 m (308 ft 1 in) o/a
Beam9.4 m (30 ft 10 in)
Draught3.0 m (9 ft 10 in)
Installed power23,000 kW (30,800 shp)
Propulsion
Speed33 knots (61 km/h; 38 mph)
Range3,800 nmi (7,000 km; 4,400 mi) at 14 knots (26 km/h; 16 mph)
Complement145
Armament
  • 3 × 105 mm (4.1 in) dual-purpose guns
  • 4 × 37 mm (1.5 in) anti-aircraft guns
  • 8 × 20 mm (0.79 in) anti-aircraft guns
  • 6 × 533 mm (21.0 in) torpedo tubes

Audaz[a] was a Spanish destroyer of the class of the same name that was built after the Second World War. Audaz was launched in 1951 and completed in 1953. The ship was modified to an anti-submarine escort in the 1960s, and was stricken in 1974.

Design

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The Audaz class was based on the French Le Fier class design, plans for which had been provided to Spain by Nazi Germany after the Fall of France, but with a revised armament.[2][3]

Audaz, as built, was 93.9 metres (308 ft 1 in) long overall and 90.0 metres (295 ft 3 in) between perpendiculars, with a beam of 9.4 metres (30 ft 10 in) and a draught of 3.0 metres (9 ft 10 in). Displacement was 1,124 tonnes (1,106 long tons) standard and 1,498 tonnes (1,474 long tons) full load.[4] The ship had a unit machinery layout, with boiler and engine rooms alternating.[2] Three La Siene 3-drum boilers generated steam at 3,400 kilopascals (500 psi) and 375 °F (191 °C) which was fed to Rateau-Bretagne geared steam turbines, rated at 23,000 kilowatts (30,800 shp) giving a speed of 33 knots (61 km/h; 38 mph). 290 tons of oil were carried, giving a range of 3,800 nautical miles (7,000 km; 4,400 mi) at a speed of 14 knots (26 km/h; 16 mph) and 900 nautical miles (1,700 km; 1,000 mi) at 33 knots.[2][5][6] Audaz was armed with three 105-millimetre (4.1 in) dual-purpose guns, all mounted aft, with four 37 mm (1.5 in) anti-aircraft guns (one of which was mounted forward of the ship's bridge) and eight 20 mm (0.79 in) anti-aircraft guns. Six 533 mm (21.0 in) torpedo tubes in two triple mounts were fitted.[4][7] The ship had a complement of 145 men.[4]

In 1960–61 Audaz was refitted to serve as an anti-submarine escort.[8] Anti-aircraft armament consisted of two US 76 mm (3 in) Mark 34 guns mounted aft and two 40 mm (1.6 in) Bofors L/70 guns, with one forward of the bridge and one aft of the ship's funnels. Two Hedgehog anti-submarine mortars were fitted, together with eight depth-charge throwers and two depth charge racks, and two launchers for 342 mm (13.5 in) Mark 32 anti-submarine torpedoes.[4][7][6] Sensors consisted of MLA-1B air-search radar, SPS-5B surface search radar and SPG-34 fire control radar, with QHBa sonar.[7][6] Displacement increased to 1,247 tonnes (1,227 long tons) standard and 1,570 tonnes (1,550 long tons) full load while speed dropped to 31.6 knots (58.5 km/h; 36.4 mph).[4][9] The modified ship had a complement of 191.[9]

Construction and service

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Audaz was laid down at Sociedad Española de Construcción Naval, Ferrol shipyard on 26 September 1945.[4] Financial problems slowed construction,[2] and she was not launched until 24 January 1951.[4] Audaz underwent successful sea trials between 5 and 6 September 1952 off Ferrol.[10] Audaz entered service on 30 June 1953,[4] joining the 31st Escort Squadron, based at Ferrol.[3]

In February 1955, Audaz took part in a training cruise to Barcelona in company with the cruiser Canarias and the destroyers José Luis Díez, Alcalá Galiano, Almirante Antequera, Císcar, Churruca and Gravina under the command of Vice-admiral Felipe de Abarzazu y Oliva.[11]

Audaz completed modification to an anti-submarine escort with American armament and equipment on 28 June 1961, while that year, she was allocated the Pennant number D31.[1] Audaz took part in the anti-submarine exercise "Hispania I" in November–December 1964, which took place in the Gulf of Cadiz, the Straits of Gibraltar and the Alboran Sea, with the task force co-operating with US Navy Neptune anti-submarine aircraft operating out of Rota. Audaz suffered a radar failure during the exercise, and had to use spare parts from the destroyer Liniers to repair her systems.[12]

After the loss of sister-ship Ariete in 1966,[4] the 31st Flotilla, including Audaz, transferred to Cartagena.[3] Audaz was stricken on 9 September 1974.[13]

Notes

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  1. ^ Audacious[1]

Citations

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  1. ^ a b Blackman 1962, p. 213.
  2. ^ a b c d Gardiner & Chesneau 1980, p. 402.
  3. ^ a b c "Nombre de la clase: D 30 Audaz - Tipo de buque: Destructor ligero ASW". Buques de la Armada 1939 - 1998. Retrieved 7 May 2022.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i Gardiner & Chumbley 1995, p. 433.
  5. ^ Blackman1960, p. 264.
  6. ^ a b c Moore 1979, p. 437.
  7. ^ a b c Purnell's illustrated encyclopedia of modern Weapons and Warfare, pp. 214–215.
  8. ^ Gardiner & Chumbley 1995, pp. 427–428, 433.
  9. ^ a b Blackman 1971, p. 290.
  10. ^ "Regresa de su viaje de pruebas el nuevo destructor Audaz". ABC (in Spanish). Madrid. 7 September 1952. p. 40. Retrieved 7 May 2022 – via hemeroteca.abc.es.
  11. ^ "Unidades de la Armada Española en Barcelona". ABC (in Spanish). Madrid. 17 February 1955. Retrieved 7 May 2022 – via hemeroteca.abc.es.
  12. ^ "Operación Hispania I". ABC (in Spanish). Madrid. 27 November 1964. p. 63 – via hemeroteca.abc.es.
  13. ^ Silverstone 1975, p. 184.

References

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  • "Audaz". Purnell's illustrated encyclopedia of modern Weapons and Warfare. pp. 214–215.
  • Blackman, Raymond V. B. (1960). Jane's Fighting Ships 1960–61. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Co., Ltd.
  • Blackman, Raymond V. B. (1962). Jane's Fighting Ships 1962–63. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Co., Ltd.
  • Blackman, Raymond V. B. (1971). Jane's Fighting Ships 1971–72. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Co., Ltd. ISBN 0-354-00096-9.
  • Gardiner, Robert; Chesneau, Roger, eds. (1980). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-146-7.
  • Gardiner, Robert; Chumbley, Stephen, eds. (1995). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1947–1995. Annapolis, Maryland, USA: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-132-7.
  • Moore, John, ed. (1979). Jane's Fighting Ships 1979–80. London: Jane's Yearbooks. ISBN 0-354-00587-1.
  • Silverstone, Paul H. (1975). "Naval Intelligence". Warship International. Vol. 12, no. 2. pp. 183–185. ISSN 0043-0374. JSTOR 44886577.
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