Liulin type instruments
Liulin-type is a class of spectrometry-dosimetry instruments.[1]The instruments are specific types of semiconductor-based ionizing radiation sensors that are capable of measuring the deposited energy of the particle in silicon PIN diode and also the flux of particles. The measured data output is then a time series of spectral intensity. The data about mixed field radiation (usually the secondary cosmic rays) is then used to calculate radiation dose relevant to the specific mission e.g. for a crew or aerospace equipment. The main advantages of this type of ionizing radiation detectors compared to classical setups with scintillators are significant reduce of weight, size and are extremely low power.[2]
History
The first Liulin device was developed in 1986–1988 time period for the scientific program of the second Bulgarian cosmonaut for the flight on MIR space station.
Principle of function
All Liulin type dosimetric instruments use one or more silicon detectors and measure the deposited energy and number of particles in the period into the detector(s) when especially the charged particles hit the device, the semiconductor material is ionized and the charge is measured allowing to calculate the dose rate and particle flux.
In detail, the signal processing in the original LIULIN instrument were based on a single silicon PIN diode followed by a charge-sensitive shaping amplifier (CSA). The number of pulses at the output of CSA above a given threshold was proportional to the particle flux hitting the detector; the amplitude of the pulses at the output of CSA was proportional to the energy deposited by particles. Further the integral of the energy depositions of the particles accumulated in the detector during the measurement interval allowed calculation of the dose rate.[3]
References
- ^ Dachev Ts, Dimitrov P; Tomov, B; Matviichuk, Y; Spurny, F; Ploc, O; Brabcova, K; Jadrnickova, I (2011). "Liulin-type spectrometry-dosimetry instruments". Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 144: 675–9. doi:10.1093/rpd/ncq506. PMID 21177270.
- ^ Sommer, Marek; Štěpánová, Dagmar; Kákona, Martin; Velychko, Olena; Ambrožová, Iva; Ploc, Ondřej (22 August 2022). "CALIBRATION OF SILICON DETECTORS LIULIN AND AIRDOS USING COSMIC RAYS AND TIMEPIX FOR USE AT FLIGHT ALTITUDES". academic.oup.com. 198 (9–11): 597–603. doi:10.1093/rpd/ncac104.
- ^ Dachev, Ts.P.; Matviichuk, Yu.N.; Semkova, J.V.; Koleva, R.T.; Boichev, B.; Baynov, P.; Kanchev, N.A.; Lakov, P.; Ivanov, Ya.J.; Tomov, B.T.; Petrov, V.M.; Redko, V.I.; Kojarinov, V.I.; Tykva, R. (1989). "Space radiation dosimetry with active detections for the scientific program of the second Bulgarian cosmonaut on board the Mir space station". Adv. Space Res. 9 (10): 247–251. doi:10.1016/0273-1177(89)90445-6.