Saddleback gunnel
| Saddleback gunnel | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Perciformes |
| Family: | Pholidae |
| Genus: | Pholis |
| Species: | P. ornata
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| Binomial name | |
| Pholis ornata (Girard, 1854)
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| Synonyms[2][3] | |
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The saddleback gunnel (Pholis ornata), also known as the saddled blenny, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Pholidae, the gunnels. This fish occurs in the shallow coastal waters of the eastern North Pacific Ocean.
Taxonomy
The saddleback gunnel was first formally described as Gunnellus ornatus in 1854 by the French biologist Charles Frédéric Girard with the type locality given as Presidio, San Francisco, California.[3] The specific name ornata means "decorated" or "adorned", assumed to be an allusion to the 12-13 blackish-brown saddle markings on back, as well as the light and dark streaks which radiate outwards from the eyes.[4]
Description
The saddleback gunnel has between 74 and 79 spines in its dorsal fin and 2 spines and 35 to 38 soft rays in its anal fin. The caudal fin is rounded and it has tiny pelvic fin. The maximim published total length is 30 cm (12 in).[2] There are 12 or 13 blackish-brown saddle markings along the back and light and dark streaks which radiate outwards from the eyes.[4]
Distribution and habitat
The saddleback gunnel ranges from Vancouver Island in the north to Santa Barbara County, California in the south. It is found at depths of 0 to 50 m (0 to 164 ft) along the coast and in estuaries where it is found on muddy substrates among seaweeds and seagrass.[2] They are rarely seen by divers because they spend most of the day in structures and are flighty, even at night.[5]
Biology
Saddleback gunnels feed on small crustaceans and molluscs.[6] After spawning both the males and females guard the egg mass.[2]
References
- ^ Collen, B. & Richman, N. (2017) [errata version of 2010 assessment]. "Pholis ornata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T154866A115245783. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-4.RLTS.T154866A4654637.en. Retrieved 2 August 2022.
- ^ a b c d Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Pholis ornata". FishBase. February 2022 version.
- ^ a b Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Pholis". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 2 August 2022.
- ^ a b Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara, eds. (4 July 2021). "Order Perciformes (Part 11): Suborder Cottoidea: Infraorder Zoarcales: Families: Anarhichadidae, Neozoarcidae, Eulophias, Stichaeidae, Lumpenidae, Ophistocentridae, Pholidae, Ptilichthyidae, Zaproridae, Cryptacanthodidae, Cebidichthyidae, Scytalinidae and Bathymasteridae". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 2 August 2022.
- ^ "Saddleback Gunnel". seaotter.com. seaotter.com. Retrieved 2 May 2019.
- ^ Eschmeyer, W.N; Herald, E.S.; Hammann, H. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA). pp. xii+336 p.
