User:Kmfrey/mysandbox

Aggression:

Add to "Aggression and culture"

Changes in dominant behavior or in social status causes changes in testosterone levels. Reports of changes in testeosterone of young men during athletic events, which involove face-to-face competition with a winner and a loser, reveal that testosterone rises shortly before their matches, as if in anticipation of competition. Also, one to two hours after the competitive match, the testosterone levels of the winners are high relative to those levels of the losers . It is important to take into account the type of conflict that is occurring when accessing aggression. Is the conflict between groups, within a group, within a family? The sex of those involved in the conflict is also crticial. Male-male, male-female and female-female encounters should all be clearly distinguished from one another. Same sex encounters are more frequent than inter-sex encounters and this could affect the level of aggression present .

Add to "Different Types of aggression"

If the definition of aggression is limited to physical strategies only, then it is true that males are more aggressive than females. Females are physically weaker than men so they need to develop other means to obtain successful results and defend themselves . Females of different cultures have a lot of aggressive means in which they get even with their husbands (eg. Locking them out of the house) which could all be seen as forms of non-physical aggression. On Bellona Island, a culture that is based on male dominance and physical violence, women tend to get into conflicts with other women more frequently than with men. When they do get in conflicts with their husbands they rarely use physical means. Instead, the make up songs that mock their husband’s which spread across the island, humiliating their husband. If a woman wanted to kill a man, she would either convince her relatives to kill him or hire an assassin. These are both forms of indirect aggression since the aggressor (female) is trying to hurt the man without putting herself in direct danger .

Add to "Aggression in Children"

The Bobo doll experiment was conducted by Albert Bandura in 1961. This experiment tests the effect of adult influence on aggression in children. The average age of the kids was 4 years old. There were eight experimental groups (girls exposed to nonaggressive female adults, boys exposed to nonaggressive male adults, girls exposed to aggressive female adults, boys exposed to aggressive male adults, girls exposed to nonaggressive male adults, boys exposed to nonaggressive female adults, girls exposed to aggresive male adults, boys exposed to aggressive female adults) and one control group (children not exposed to adults). Each child was tested individually to limit any peer pressure. The child was in a room with some toys and the adult was in the opposite corner of the room with other toys and a Bobo doll ( an inflatable toy that is the same size as a toddler). The adult (aggressively or nonaggressively) played in the same room with the child but with different toys for ten minutes. Then the child was moved to another room where they were left alone to play but minutes later were told that they had to stop playing because those toys were for other kids. Lastly, the child was moved to another room where there were aggressive and nonagressive toys and a Bobo doll. No adult was present in the room and the child was observed as to which toys he/she chose. As a result, the children exposed to the aggressive adult acted more aggressively than those who were exposed to the nonaggressive adult. For those children exposed to the aggressive adult the number of imitative physical aggressions exhibited by the boys was 38.2 times and 12.7 times for the girls. The number of imitative verbal aggressions exhibited by the boys was 17 times and 15.7 times by the girls. It was very rare if at all to see either physical or verbal aggressions in those children who were exposed to the nonaggressive adult. . This experiment is evidence that anyone that comes in contact and interacts with children can have an impact on the way they react. This experiment may also provide evidence that a child's peak age for influence is at about 4 years old.

==References==